廣西河池市高考英語(yǔ)閱讀能力和書面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練（12）.doc

廣西河池市2016高考英語(yǔ)閱讀能力和書面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練（12）【2014高考英語(yǔ)廣東省中山市華僑中學(xué)二模試題】基礎(chǔ)寫作（共1小題，滿分15分） 以下是一則關(guān)于中國(guó)政府決定禁煙的報(bào)道的主要內(nèi)容。內(nèi) 容：公共場(chǎng)所禁煙實(shí)施時(shí)間：2011年1月1日起實(shí)施范圍：全國(guó)目 標(biāo)：所有室內(nèi)公共場(chǎng)所無(wú)煙措 施：張貼禁煙標(biāo)志相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)：（1）吸煙人數(shù)：約3.5億（2）分 布：男性75；女性：25（3）受二手煙影響人數(shù)：約5.4億（4）因二手煙死亡人數(shù)：超過(guò)10萬(wàn)/年二手煙：second-hand smoke寫作內(nèi)容請(qǐng)根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容給學(xué)校英語(yǔ)墻報(bào)寫一篇通訊，內(nèi)容包括：1.禁煙決定的內(nèi)容及實(shí)施的時(shí)間和范圍;2.目標(biāo)和措施;3.相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。寫作要求只能用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部?jī)?nèi)容。評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)句子結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章連貫?！緟⒖挤段摹炕A(chǔ)寫作：version 1: the chinese government has been determined to carry out the policy that prohibits smoking in public places since january 1st, 2011. its main target is to make every public room free from smoke by posting the sign of “no smoking”. 350 million people smoke at present, of whom the male hold 75 percent whereas the female take up 25 percent. owing to these smokers, approximately 540 million non-smokers are influenced. consequently, more than 100 thousand people per year die from the second-hand smoke.【參考范文】基礎(chǔ)寫作：version 2:the chinese government has decided to ban smoking in public places throughout the country. this decision, aiming to make all indoor public places smoke-free, will come into effect from the first day of 2011 on. to reach this target, no-smoking signs will be put up in all indoor public places. currently china possesses about 350 million smokers, among whom 75% are men and 25% women. around 540 million people are affected by second-hand smoke, which results in 100,000 deaths per year.閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的a,b,c或d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. recycling in the home is very important of course. however, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. we are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.the total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. it now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the uk. in many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. the uk, for example, is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste. if such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. the solution is not to produce such items in the first place. food waste is a serious problem, too. too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. however, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.but this is not just about supermarkets. it is about all of us. we have learned to associate packaging with quality. we have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. this is especially true of food. but it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.there are signs of hope. as more of us recycle, we are beginning to realise just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. we need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.1. what does the underlined phrase “that over-consumption” refer to?a. using too much packaging. b. recycling too many wastes.c. making more products than necessary. d. having more material than is needed.2. the author uses figures in paragraph 2 to show.a. the tendency of cutting household wasteb. the increase of packaging recyclingc. the rapid growth of supermarketsd. the fact of packaging overuse3. according to the text, recycling.a. helps control the greenhouse effectb. means burning packaging for energyc. is the solution to gas shortaged. leads to a waste of land4. what can be inferred from paragraph 4?a. unpackaged products are of bad quality.b. supermarkets care more about packaging.c. it is improper to judge quality by packaging.d. other products are better packaged than food.5. what can we learn from the last paragraph?a. fighting wastefulness is difficult.b. needless material is mostly recycled.c. people like collecting recyclable wastes.d. the author is proud of their consumer culture.【參考答案】1-5 ddaca閱讀理解。students and technology in the classroomi love my blackberryits my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. i also love my laptop computer，as it holds all of my writing and thoughts.despite this love of technology, i know that there are times when i need to move away from these device(設(shè)備) and truly communicate with others.on occasion，i teach a course called history matters for a group of higher education managers. my goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas.because i want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom，i have a ruleno laptops, ipads, phones, etc.when students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. theres a bit of truth to that.some students assume that i am antitechnology. theres no truth in that at all. i love technology and try to keep up with it so i can relate to my students.the real reason why i ask students to leave technology at the door is that i think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage complex ideas. interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. i want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. i want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between course material and the class discussion.ive been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that i create.students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom.im not saying that i wont ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until i hear a really good reason for the change，im sticking to my plan. a few hours of technologyfree dialogue is just too sweet to give up.本文是一篇議論文。作者是一位老師，非常喜歡高科技產(chǎn)品，但是為了讓他的學(xué)生在課堂上討論歷史話題、互相交流觀點(diǎn)，他規(guī)定在課堂上學(xué)生不允許使用手提電腦、ipads及電話。剛開始學(xué)生不能理解，但是后來(lái)在對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)評(píng)估中，學(xué)生對(duì)這一方法還是非常滿意的。9some of the students in the history class were unhappy with _.a. the course material b. others misuse of technology c. discussion topics d. the authors class regulations 答案：d。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的“when students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy .”可知d項(xiàng)正確。10the underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means _.a. explore b. accept c. change d. reject 答案： a。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段的“i want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas.”可知作者讓學(xué)生們進(jìn)行深切的交流，目的是讓學(xué)生們獲得激勵(lì)和一些觀點(diǎn)，故a項(xiàng)explore“探索”更為接近；accept “接受”；change“改變”；reject “拒絕”。11according to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may _.a. keep students from doing independent thinking b. encourage students to have indepth conversationsc. help students to better understand complex themes d. affect students concentration on course evaluation答案： a。推理判斷題。由第四段的“interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas .”可知在教室內(nèi)使用高科技產(chǎn)品使學(xué)生們對(duì)于外界信息過(guò)于依賴，不能獨(dú)立思考。12it can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author _.a. is quite stubborn b. will give up teaching history c. will change his teaching plan soon d. values technologyfree dialogues in his class 答案： d。推理判斷題。由最后一段的最后一句話可知作者對(duì)自己的不使用高科技產(chǎn)品讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行對(duì)話的方法是滿意的。閱讀理解。“experience may possibly be the best teacher，but it is not a particulary good teacher.” you might think that winston churchill or perhaps mark twain spoke those words, but they actually come from james march, a professor at stanford university and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. for years march( possibly the wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act，and he continues to do so in his new book the ambiguities of experience.he begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning ：“experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.”the problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及) serious complications (復(fù)雜化)，ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which march discusses in the body of this book.in one interesting part of the book，for example, he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. in our efforts to make stories interesting, he argues, we lose part of the complicated truth of things. he says“the more accurately(精確地)reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story，the less realistic it is.”besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, march is also a poet, and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. though the book is short, it is demanding：dont pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.多年來(lái)，人們強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)驗(yàn)型學(xué)習(xí)。而一位名叫james mark的卻說(shuō)：經(jīng)驗(yàn)可能是最好的老師，卻不是一個(gè)特別好的老師。通過(guò)對(duì)于經(jīng)驗(yàn)型學(xué)習(xí)，本文介紹了james mark的關(guān)于經(jīng)驗(yàn)的書。13according to the text, james march is _.aa poet who uses experience in his writingba teacher who teaches story writing in universityca researcher who studies the way humans think and actda professor who helps organizations make important decisions答案：c。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。從第一個(gè)段落中最后一句話里可以找到信息句，即同選項(xiàng)c所說(shuō)的一致。14according to james march, experience _.ais overvalued bis easy to explaincshould be actively soughtdshould be highly respected答案：a推理判斷題。從文章的開頭以及文中的字里行間“the problem is.” “turn a doubtful eye on.” 以及“think deeply about experience learning”等可以推測(cè)出james 對(duì)于經(jīng)驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)持懷疑態(tài)度，認(rèn)為人們太過(guò)于重視經(jīng)驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)這一方式了。15what can we learn from paragraph 3?aexperience makes stories more accurate.bstories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.cthe use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.dstories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.答案：b。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。在倒數(shù)第二段中，james所說(shuō)的話中“to make stories more interesting, we lose part