深圳市高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精英訓(xùn)練精品題（19）.doc

深圳市2014高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精英訓(xùn)練精品題（19）及答案【深圳市2014高考英語(yǔ)綜合能力測(cè)試題（10）】bwhich is the best school in new york city? after 20 years as educators, we can confidently say the best school in nyc is the one that best fits your children. the important thing about a school is not that it gets listed in certain “elite”(精英的) publications, but how that school can cater to your childrens needs and how your children can be successful during their academic life. we have seen families that have pushed their children into school situations that were too academic when their children needed more nurture（培育）. we have watched these children struggle when they did not have to. new york city has some of the best and most diverse schools in the world, which can cater to different learning styles and needs, it is important to look at your family and its values when thinking about a school that is the right fit particularly when your child is young and has not shown the type of learner that they will be. each school has values of their own. a good fit is one that matches. for example, things like diversity, the arts and teaching ethics are all elements of an education. you need to ask yourself: what type of learner is my child? what kind of environment will make them feel most comfortable, challenge them, and let them be successful? what qualities does it take to qualify as a top school? is it about how many students in a particular school go to ivy league colleges? is it about how successful the students from a certain school are in their adult lives? how do you even measure successwealth? happiness? as educators, we urge you to look beyond outside influences and playground gossip, your focus should be on your children, who they are and what would serve them best in their academic endeavors (嘗試). there are many schools out there, each with its unique advantages, which makes it much easier for you to find one that really fits your children.31. the text is mainly written for _. a. parentsb. educators c. admission expertsd. government officials32. the underlined words “cater to” in paragraph 2 are closest in meaning to “_”. a. meetb. adjust toc. developd. relate to33. according to the author, when choosing the right school we should consider _. a. if the school is the most academic b. if the school is suitable for our children c. if the teachers teaching styles are diverse d. if the school has the most comfortable environment34. which of the following may the author agree with? a. schools should pay more attention to the students learning styles. b. the outside influences of a school are not as important as we think. c. wealth and happiness should be used to measure an adults success.d. the best school should help more students go to ivy league colleges.35. which part of a website is this text probably taken from? a. education.b. science. c. sports. d. entertainment.【參考答案】31-35 aabba本文以教育者的身份，論述了最好的學(xué)校是適合孩子的學(xué)校的觀點(diǎn)。31. a。推理判斷題。從第一段的第二句話和全文的論述口氣可以看出，這篇文章是寫給孩子即將入學(xué)的父母看的。32. a。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句話所舉的例子可以看出，這里是在說(shuō)對(duì)于學(xué)校重要的是如何滿足孩子的需要。33. b。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知，作者認(rèn)為，選擇學(xué)校要考慮很多因素，最重要的是考慮所選的學(xué)校在各方面是否適合孩子。34. b。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一段的第一句話可以判斷出，作者認(rèn)為學(xué)校的外部影響力并沒有我們想象得那么重要。35. a。推理判斷題。本文談?wù)摰氖怯嘘P(guān)如何幫孩子選學(xué)校的問(wèn)題，所以應(yīng)屬于網(wǎng)站教育版塊的內(nèi)容。維a2 閱讀理解(每題2分，滿分8分)選材相似度：設(shè)題相似度：難度系數(shù)：culture helps human societies survive in changing natural environments.for example，the end of the last ice age，beginning about 15,000 years ago，brought an enormous challenge to which humans had to adapt.before this time，large parts of the northern hemisphere were covered in great sheets of ice that contained much of the earths water.in north america，large animals that roamed the vast tundra provided people with food and materials for clothing and simple shelters.when the earth became warm，large ice age animals disappeared，and many land areas were submerged by rising sea levels from melting ice.but people survived.they developed new technologies and learned how to survive on new plant and animal species.finally some people settled into permanent villages，durable houses and farms.cultural adaptation has made humans one of the most successful species on the planet.through history，major developments in technology，medicine，and nutrition have allowed people to reproduce and survive in everincreasing numbers.the global population has risen from 8 million during the ice age to about 6 billion today.however，the successes of culture can also create problems in the long run.over the last 200 years，people have begun to use large quantities of natural resources and energy and to produce a great amount of material and chemical wastes.the global population now consumes some crucial natural resourcessuch as petroleum，wood，and mineral oresfaster than nature can produce them.many scientists believe that in the process of burning fuels and producing wastes，people may be changing the global climate in unpredictable and possibly harmful ways.thus，the adaptive success of the presentday global culture of production and commerce may be temporary.notes： tundra n冰原；苔原submerge vt.淹沒 crucial adj.關(guān)鍵的ore n礦長(zhǎng)短句分析：many scientists believe that in the process of burning fuels and producing wastes，people may be changing the global climate in unpredictable and possibly harmful ways.句法點(diǎn)睛：這是個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。many scientists believe為主句部分，in the process of burning fuels and producing wastes為賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，people may be changing the global climate in unpredictable and possibly harmful ways為賓語(yǔ)從句的主干部分。句意：很多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，在燃料燃燒和產(chǎn)生垃圾的過(guò)程中，人們可能正以無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)的，甚至是有害的方式改變著全球的氣候。【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文為議論文。文章論述了人類在適應(yīng)自然環(huán)境得到了飛速發(fā)展的同時(shí)，也帶來(lái)了系列問(wèn)題：人類的過(guò)度發(fā)展破環(huán)了自然，以至給人類自己帶來(lái)了災(zāi)難。 1what does the first paragraph mainly talk about?ahow the human being survived in the ice age.bwhat the situation was during the ice age.cwhat caused the ice age to come to an end.dwhy the ice age was very important.答案a主旨大意題。雖然冰川融化，人類食物鏈遭到破壞，但由于人類具有認(rèn)識(shí)和使用新技術(shù)的能力而得以存活，并發(fā)展?fàn)畲蟆?2the passage doesnt tell the readers _.awhat caused the earth to become warmbwhen the ending of the ice age begancthe population of the ice agedthe problem of cultural adaptation答案a細(xì)節(jié)理解題。短文沒有論及地球變暖的原因。3which is the problem of cultural adaption?aa very developed culture came into being.btoo much species have been endangered.cthe world has become too crowded.dhuman activities have made damage to the balance of nature.答案d細(xì)節(jié)理解題。人類過(guò)量使用自然資源而破壞了生態(tài)平衡。4in face of the greater challenge，human beings should _.astop developing any longerbreduce using too much natural resourcescfind a way out to stop the warming up of the globedsave more animals in case they all die out答案b細(xì)節(jié)理解題。人類過(guò)量使用自然資源已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了環(huán)境的惡化，理智的辦法就是減少使用自然資源。維b1 閱讀理解(每題2分，滿分8分) 選材相似度：設(shè)題相似度：難度系數(shù)：i am a pencilchildrens book author sam swope took a job teaching writing to thirdgraders in the new york city borough of queens.his students were immigrants or the children of immigrants from 21 countries，speaking 11 languages，having many different beliefs.but there were a few things they had in common.family troubles，for one.money struggles.and poetry.every single student，with the help of this creative，breakalltherules teacher，made great progress in writing.swope leaves the reader with the encouraging conviction that deep within each of us lives a poet，a geniusa child.cover price: $59.88price: $19.95you save: $39.93 (67%)what it takes to help me outan editor for us.news & world report, david lmarcus takes us inside a boarding school for troubled teens.the great stresses are put on these teens，which makes them lose their nature.this should cause us a truthful，thoughtprovoking thinking.cover price: $35.86price: $15.00you save: $20.86 (58%)the most scenic drives in americaupdated and translated into several languages for the first time since 1997，this travel book includes over 200 brandnew photographs of the wonderful places along 120 selected routes.the updated volume also provides maps，the latest information on state parks，and lodging (住所) suggestions.cover price: $47.88price: $23.88you save: $24 (50%)our brothers keeperauthor jedwin smith spent 30 years trying to get out of all memories of his brother，jeff，who was killed in vietnam.but in our brothers keeper he tells what happens when he met several of his brothers old marine friends.smith gets to know these menall hurt by the past they share.together the author and his new friends make a journey to vietnam，to visit the place where jeff died.surprisingly，their vietnamese guide was the former commander of the viet cong platoon carrying out the attack that killed jeff.a powerful story of brotherhood，bravery and understanding.cover price: $59.40price: $10.00you save: $49.40 (83%)notes：conviction n信念thoughtprovoking adj.令人深思的【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文是四本書的廣告。廣告介紹了四本書的內(nèi)容、價(jià)格及折扣。1which of the following books offers the biggest price cut?ai am a pencil.bwhat it takes to help me out. cthe most scenic drives in america.dour brothers keeper.答案d細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由各篇的“you save”可知，our brothers keeper降價(jià)最多：$49.40 (83%)。2if you are interested in taking photos，you would probably choose _.aour brothers keeperbwhat it takes to help me outcthe most scenic drives in americadi am a pencil答案c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從“the most scenic drives in america”的“.this travel book includes over 200 brandnew photographs of the wonderful places along 120 selected routes.”可知答案為c。3which of the following is wrong according to the passage?athe book what it takes to help me out is about troubled teens.bthe book the most scenic drives in america includes many pictures.cthe friends jedwin smith made had the same bad experiences.dthe vietnamese guide，the former commander who himself killed jedwin smiths brother.答案d推理判斷題。由our brothers keeper中的“surprisingly，their vietnamese guide was the former commander(海軍中校)of the viet cong platoon carrying out the attack that killed jeff.”可知，jedwin smith的弟弟的去世并非是the former commander直接所為，而是執(zhí)行命令，是官方意志，故答案為d。 4which book has many foreign editions (版本) according to the passage?athe most scenic drives in america.bwhat it takes to help me out.ci am a pencil.dour brothers keeper.答案a細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從the most scenic drives in america中“updated(再版)and translated into several languages for the first time since 1997”可知a為正確答案。 (二)why laughter mattersalthough most people believe that laughter is one of the natures great treatments for a whole range of mental and physical diseases, it is still a serious scientific subject that researchers are trying to figure out.“l(fā)aughter above all else is a social thing，” says baltimore neuroscientist, robert provine, who has studied laughter for decades. “all laughter groups laugh hahaha basically the same way. whether you speak mandarin, french or english, everyone will understand laughter. there is a pattern generator(發(fā)生器) in our brain that produces this sound.”laughing is our first way of communicating. babies laugh long before they speak. no one teaches them how to laugh. they just do. people may laugh at a prank(惡作劇) on april fools day. but surprisingly, only 10 to 15 percent of laughter is the result of someone making a joke. laughter is mostly about social responses rather than to a joke. deaf people laugh without hearing and people on cell phones laugh without seeing, showing that laughter isnt dependent on single sense but on social interactions.and laughter is not just a thing of people. chimps tickle(撓癢) each other and even laugh when another chimp pretends to tickle them.jaak panksepp, a bowling green university psychology professor, studies rats that laugh when he tickles them. it turns out rats love to be tickledthey return again and again to the hands of researchers tickling them.by studying rats, scientists can figure out whats going on in the brain during laughter. northwestern university biomedical engineering professor, jeffrey burgdorf has found that laughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant(抗抑郁藥). he thinks the same thing probably happens in humans, too. this would give doctors a new chemical target to develop drugs that can fight depression.even so, laughter itself has not been proved to be the best medicine, experts say. margaret stuber, a professor at university of california, studied whether laugher helped patients. she found that distraction(分心) and mood improvement helped, but she could not find a benefit of laughter alone.“no study has shown that laughter produces a direct health benefit，” provine said, largely because its hard to separate laughter from just feeling good. but he thinks it doesnt really matter, “isnt the fact that laughter feels good when you do it enough？”1the most important finding of robert provines research is that _alaughter makes a person feel goodblaughter depends on different sensesclaughter is a quality pe