遼寧省琿市高考英語語法填空和閱讀能力訓(xùn)練（9）.doc

遼寧琿春市2015高考英語語法填空和閱讀能力訓(xùn)練（9）及答案語法填空。閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當 的詞或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為1625的相應(yīng)位 置上。the 2,298-kiiometer beijing-guangzhou high-speed railway 16_ (official) opened to passengers on december 26，2012. it is the worlds longest high-speed rail route. the 17_ (design)speed of the track is 350 km, though speeds during the initial period of operation will be limited to about 300 km/h. the new route cuts the travel time between beijing and guangzhou 18 almost two thirds, from 22 hours to roughly eight hours .on december 1, 2012，not long before the opening of the beijing-guangzhou high-speed railway, the harbin-dalian high-speed railway, 19_ first high-speed line ever to cross land that lies frozen for almost half a year, began operations, 20_ allows passengers to appreciate the view off the coast from dalian in the morning, 21_ the winter snowscape of frosty harbin in the afternoon .at present the total 22_ (long) of high-speed lines in china 23_(reach)9,349 km. with four main lines 24_ (run) east-west and four north-south, the countrys high-speed train network is the worlds largest. china plans to expand 25_ high-speed railway network to 50，000 km by 2020, to cover almost all large and medium-sized cities.【參考答案】語法填空：16. officially 17. designed 18. by 19. the 20. which 21. and 22.length 23. has reached 24.running 25. its完形填空if you make one close friend in school, you will be the most fortunate. a true friend is someone who stays with you for life. 1teaches that is right: a good friendship is not easily2. it is possible that we simply do not stay in one place long enough for a3friendship to develop. however, there can be4disagreement on the need for each of us to think carefully about the kinds of friendship we5. to most of us, 6is considered very important, but we need to be clear in our7about the kinds of friendship we want. are they to be close or8at arms length? do we want to9ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? for some people, many friendships on the surface are10enoughand thats all right. but at some point, we need to11that our expectations are the same as our friends expectations. the sharing of personal experience12our tears as well as our dark dreams is the surest way to deepen friendships. but it13be undertaken slowly and carried on only if there are14of interest and actions in return. what are some of the15of friendship? the greatest is the attraction to expect too much too soon. deep relationships16time. another“major difficulty”is the selfishness to think one“possesses”the other, including his time and attention. similarly, friendships17actions in return. in18words, you must give as much as you take. finally there is a question of taking care of the friendship. unless you spend19time together, talking on the phone, and writing letters, friendships will die20. 【文章大意】人人都渴望友誼。那么如何才能培養(yǎng)和發(fā)展真正的友誼呢? 現(xiàn)實生活中, 人與人之間的友誼又常常面臨哪些困難呢? 該如何克服這些困難, 讓你和朋友們的友誼不至于逐漸消失呢? 讀完本文, 你就會找到這些問題的答案。1. a. knowledgeb. teacherc. experienced. parent【解析】選c。邏輯推理題。由語境可知。“a true friend is someone who stays with you for life. ”是由生活經(jīng)驗總結(jié)出來的。所以選experience。2. a. understoodb. formedc. realizedd. produced【解析】選b。背景常識題。友誼(friendship)是form(培養(yǎng))出來的, 而不是understand(理解), realize(實現(xiàn))或produce(生產(chǎn))的。3. a. trueb. commonc. deepd. actual【解析】選a。邏輯推理題。由上文的“a good friendship”可知, 此處應(yīng)是a true friendship“真正的友誼”。4. a. nob. somec. anyd. none【解析】選a。邏輯推理題。there is no disagreement on. . . “在方面是沒有分歧的”。5. a. findb. getc. wantd. receive【解析】選c。邏輯推理題。由前文的need可斷定這里應(yīng)該選want, the kinds of friendship we want“我們所想要的那種友誼”; 且下段有提示。6. a. disagreementb. friendshipc. wantd. receive【解析】選b。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。全文一直在談友誼, 下文也有暗示。7. a. heartsb. thoughtsc. actionsd. minds【解析】選b。詞語辨析題。下面幾句列舉的都是想法, 所以用thought“思想, 想法”, 指一般概念。mind指“思維, 理智, 注意力”。8. a. remainedb. leftc. stayedd. kept【解析】選d。詞語辨析題。這里表示的是“使友誼保持一定距離(at arms length)”這一狀態(tài), 只能用及物動詞keep。9. a. ownb. owec. shared. spare【解析】選c。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)下文的the sharing of personal experience可知。share ourselves“我們之間相互分享”。10. a. thatb. veryc. notd. quite【解析】選d。邏輯推理題。由下文的“and thats all right”可知, 這里要表達的是肯定的意思, quite enough“足夠”。11. a. make sureb. rememberc. expectd. check out【解析】選a。邏輯推理題。由上下文可知, 確保(make sure)我們的期望值和朋友的期望值一樣是獲得友誼的基礎(chǔ)。12. a. andb. orc. includingd. besides【解析】選c。邏輯推理題。including表示包括。13. a. canb. needc. willd. must【解析】選d。邏輯推理題。句意: (盡管別人分享自己的經(jīng)歷能加深友誼, )但這一活動必須(must)在對方表現(xiàn)出興趣或有回報的活動等類似的跡象時才能慢慢進行。14. a. marksb. sightsc. scenesd. signs【解析】選d。詞語辨析題。sign“征兆, 跡象”。15. a. difficultiesb. differencesc. advantagesd. things【解析】選a。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。該部分講述了發(fā)展友誼的兩大困難: the attraction to expect too much too soon和the selfishness, 也可以從下面的another“major difficulty”得到啟示。16. a. costb. spendc. askd. take【解析】選d。詞語辨析題。上文提到發(fā)展友誼最大的困難就是期望盡快得到太多的東西, 也就是說像友誼這樣的深層關(guān)系需要時間, take“需要, 花費”。spend也可以指花費時間, 但主語應(yīng)是表示人的詞語。17. a. requireb. requestc. dependd. suggest【解析】選a。邏輯推理題。上文提到友誼的第二大困難: 自私, 想占有對方的時間和注意力。因此要發(fā)展友誼需要(require)有回報的行動。18. a. someb. manyc. otherd. different【解析】選c。固定搭配題。“you must give as much as you take”是對上句“friendships require actions in return”的解釋說明, 所以用in other words, 意思是“換句話說”。19. a. enoughb. comfortablec. lessd. a lot【解析】選a。邏輯推理題。句意: 除非你們有足夠的時間在一起、打電話、寫信, 你們的友誼才不會停止。下文所列舉的“talking on the phone, and writing letters”需要足夠的時間去做, 才能使友誼經(jīng)久不衰。20. a. forb. awayc. outd. from【解析】選b。詞語辨析題。die away事物逐漸消失; 慢慢變?nèi)?。die for為而死; die out滅絕; die from死于, 均不符合句意。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個選項 (a、b、c和d) 中, 選出最佳選項。(2013湖北，c)weve reached a strangesome would say unusualpoint. while fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the world health organization (who), more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight. its the good life thats more likely to kill us these days.worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight. whats going on?we really dont have many excuses for our weight problems. the dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting throughup to a point.in the 1970s, finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause. not any more. a publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.maybe that explains why the percentage of people in finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body. that has become a sort of fashion. no wonder it ranks as the worlds most bodyconscious country.we know what we should be doing to lose weightbut actually doing it is another matter. by far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. more than half of us admit we lack willpower.others blame good food. they say: its just too inviting and it makes them overeat. still others lay the blame on the americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much americanstyle fast food.some also blame their parentstheir genes. but unfortunately, the parents are wronged because theyre normal in shape, or rather slim.its a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. parents are eager to see their kids shape up. do as i saynot as i do.文章大意：本文講述的是世界上的人們，因為生活變好，而導(dǎo)致的肥胖問題已經(jīng)成為一個日益嚴峻的問題，本文深刻剖析了引起肥胖的各種原因，警醒人們要以健康為重。9what is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence?athe good life is a greater risk than the bad life.bstarvation is taking more peoples lives in the world.cwho report shows peoples unawareness of food safety.doverweight issue remains unresolved despite whos efforts.答案：a推理判斷題，第一段主要講述人們在為了消除世界饑餓問題而大傷腦筋之時，過度肥胖卻是另外一個更令人頭痛的事情，甚至比饑餓問題更加嚴峻，因此選a。10why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight?aa lot of effective diet pills are available.bbody image has nothing to do with good food.cthey have been made fully aware of its dangers.dthere are too many overweight people in the world.答案：c細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章the dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns可知，此事已經(jīng)深入人心。11the example of finland is used to illustrate _.athe cause of heart diseasebthe fashion of body shapingcthe effectiveness of a campaigndthe history of a bodyconscious country答案：c細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章的not any more. a publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades可知，這場運動使得這個問題的解決起了很大的作用，因此選c。12which would be the best title for the passage?aactions or excuses? boverweight or underweight?cwho in a dilemma dno longer dying of hunger答案：a整體理解題，本文主要論述了人們對于肥胖的各種借口和理由，卻沒有意識到我們應(yīng)該采取行動去解決這個問題，由its a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. parents are eager to see their kids shape up可以得出暗示。閱讀理解。there were smiling children all the way. charily they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards penang. often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. this is the simple village people of malaysia. i was moved. i had always traveled to malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time i was on a train. i did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. i looked about the train. there was not one familiar face. i sighed and sat down to read my economics. it was not long before the train was across the causeway and in malaysia. johor bauru was just another city like singapore, so i was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. as we went beyond the city, i watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. then the first village came into sight, immediately i came alive; i decided to wave hack. from then on my journey became interesting. i threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in malaysian life. then everything came alive. the mountains seemed to speak to me. even the trees were smiling. i stared at everything as if i was looking at it for the first time. the day passed fast and i even forgot to have my lunch until i felt hungry. i looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00 pm. soon the train pulled up at butterworth. i looked at the people all around me. they all looked beautiful. when my uncle arrived with a smile, i threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug (擁抱). i had never don