英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課件 意群與停頓.ppt

1、Pausing& sense group,by L.D,停頓，意群與氣群,Pausing: 為了使意思表達(dá)得更清楚或者是換氣的需要，人們?cè)谡f(shuō)話(huà)或朗讀時(shí)經(jīng)常需要停頓。（句子之間的停頓較長(zhǎng)，意群之間停頓較短，往往由逗號(hào)、分號(hào)、冒號(hào)等分開(kāi)。） When winter comes, it gets colder and colder, and the days get shorter and shorter.,意群（sense group)： 一個(gè)句子可以按照意義和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)分成幾個(gè)部分，每一個(gè)部分稱(chēng)為一個(gè)意群。意群可以用“l(fā)”符號(hào)表示。 意群是根據(jù)語(yǔ)義、語(yǔ)法和語(yǔ)調(diào)來(lái)劃分的。從語(yǔ)義和語(yǔ)法上講，意群必須是

2、表達(dá)某種意義的一個(gè)（組）詞、一個(gè)短語(yǔ)、一個(gè)分句、一個(gè)主句或者從句。從語(yǔ)調(diào)上說(shuō)，意群必須是可以用降調(diào)、聲調(diào)或平調(diào)來(lái)朗讀的一個(gè)語(yǔ)調(diào)單位。,Before 1949, I used to live in Hong Kong and worked as a teacher.,三個(gè)意義單位，三個(gè)語(yǔ)法單位，三個(gè)語(yǔ)調(diào)單位。,氣群：凡是一口氣能說(shuō)完或者讀完的一個(gè)句子或句子一大部分的稱(chēng)為一個(gè)氣群。一個(gè)氣群一般包括若干個(gè)意群，說(shuō)話(huà)或者朗讀時(shí)氣長(zhǎng)的人可念完一個(gè)很長(zhǎng)的句子而不停頓，但最短的氣群不得少于一個(gè)意群。氣群用”ll”表示。,Both my brother and I l are fond of tennis.

3、ll Which is bigger, an elephant or a tiger? He read a great deal, and made full notes while he read. If you had the choice of all the places in the world, where would you choose to spend our wedding anniversary?,I have become most aware of my lack of a proper education whenever I have had the chance

4、 to put it to the test. My roses are yellow, as yellow as the hair of the mermaiden, and yellower than the daffodil that blooms in the meadow.,All night long you must sing to me, and the thorn must pierce your heart, and your life-blood must flow into my veins and become mine. And when the moon shon

5、e in the heaven, the Nightingale flew to the Rose-tree, and set her breast against the thorn. All night long she sang with her breast against the thorn, and the cold crystal moon leaned down and listen. All night long she sang, and the thorn went deeper into her breast and her life-blood ebbed away

6、from her.,節(jié)奏：英語(yǔ)每一句話(huà)中出現(xiàn)的一系列音節(jié)都有輕重、長(zhǎng)短、快慢等有規(guī)律的交替現(xiàn)象。這種現(xiàn)象被稱(chēng)為節(jié)奏。 實(shí)詞（名詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞）重讀，虛詞（冠詞、介詞、連詞、助動(dòng)詞）不重讀。因此分析重讀和弱讀非常必要。 重讀音節(jié)出現(xiàn)的間隔時(shí)有規(guī)律的。每隔一段就會(huì)有一個(gè)重音。 Janet has gone to school. 每個(gè)重音有一拍。每拍之間的間隔是一樣的，而在兩拍之間必須把非重讀音節(jié)讀完。 My wife is waiting for me at the corner of the street.,A book A good book A very good book A

7、 very good text-book A very good school text-book This is a very good school text book.,Exercise,A cup An empty cup An empty cup and saucer An empty cup and a broken saucer Two empty cups and a broken saucer Three are two empty cups and a broken saucer.,A clock My friends clock The hands of my frien

8、ds clock The metal hands of my friends clock The two broken metal hands of my friends clock,1.They live in that large house / on the other side / of the bridge. / 2.In the morning / the boy goes to school early. / Sometimes / he was late, / because his mother was in poor health. / 3.It is very impor

9、tant for us / to take part in manual labor / from time to time. / 4. Do you remember all those years / when scientists argued that smoking would kill us / but the doubters insisted that we didnt know for sure. 5. However, whether it comes from the common ancestor / that the species had 35 million ye

10、ars ago, / is, / as yet, /an unanswered question./ 6. What is harder to establish / is whether the productivity revolution/ that businessmen assume they are presiding over/ is for real./,7. She sells sea shells / by the sea shore. /The shells she sells / are surely seashells. / So / if she sells she

11、lls / on the seashore, Im sure / she sells seashore shells. 8.I cannot bear to see a bear / bear down upon a hare. / When bare of hair / he strips the hare, / right there / I cry, / Forbear! / 9. How much wood / would a woodchuck chuck / if a wood chuck / could chuck wood？A woodchuck / would chuck a

12、ll the wood / a woodchuck could chuck / if a woodchuck could chuck wood. / How many cookies / could /a good cook / cook？If a good cook / could cook cookies, a good cook / could cook / as much cookies / as a good cook / who could cook cookies./,11. A snow-white swan / swam swiftly / to catch a slowly

13、-swimming snake / in a lake. / 12. Once / two hunters went hunting / in the forest. One of them / suddenly fell down / by accident. He showed the whites of his eyes / and seemed to have ceased breathing. The other hunter / soon took out his mobile phone / to call the emergency center / for help./ The operator sai