英語口語課件 意群與停頓.ppt

1、Pausing& sense group,by L.D,停頓，意群與氣群,Pausing: 為了使意思表達(dá)得更清楚或者是換氣的需要，人們在說話或朗讀時經(jīng)常需要停頓。（句子之間的停頓較長，意群之間停頓較短，往往由逗號、分號、冒號等分開。） When winter comes, it gets colder and colder, and the days get shorter and shorter.,意群（sense group)： 一個句子可以按照意義和語法結(jié)構(gòu)分成幾個部分，每一個部分稱為一個意群。意群可以用“l(fā)”符號表示。 意群是根據(jù)語義、語法和語調(diào)來劃分的。從語義和語法上講，意群必須是

2、表達(dá)某種意義的一個（組）詞、一個短語、一個分句、一個主句或者從句。從語調(diào)上說，意群必須是可以用降調(diào)、聲調(diào)或平調(diào)來朗讀的一個語調(diào)單位。,Before 1949, I used to live in Hong Kong and worked as a teacher.,三個意義單位，三個語法單位，三個語調(diào)單位。,氣群：凡是一口氣能說完或者讀完的一個句子或句子一大部分的稱為一個氣群。一個氣群一般包括若干個意群，說話或者朗讀時氣長的人可念完一個很長的句子而不停頓，但最短的氣群不得少于一個意群。氣群用”ll”表示。,Both my brother and I l are fond of tennis.

3、ll Which is bigger, an elephant or a tiger? He read a great deal, and made full notes while he read. If you had the choice of all the places in the world, where would you choose to spend our wedding anniversary?,I have become most aware of my lack of a proper education whenever I have had the chance

4、 to put it to the test. My roses are yellow, as yellow as the hair of the mermaiden, and yellower than the daffodil that blooms in the meadow.,All night long you must sing to me, and the thorn must pierce your heart, and your life-blood must flow into my veins and become mine. And when the moon shon

5、e in the heaven, the Nightingale flew to the Rose-tree, and set her breast against the thorn. All night long she sang with her breast against the thorn, and the cold crystal moon leaned down and listen. All night long she sang, and the thorn went deeper into her breast and her life-blood ebbed away

6、from her.,節(jié)奏：英語每一句話中出現(xiàn)的一系列音節(jié)都有輕重、長短、快慢等有規(guī)律的交替現(xiàn)象。這種現(xiàn)象被稱為節(jié)奏。 實詞（名詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、動詞、副詞）重讀，虛詞（冠詞、介詞、連詞、助動詞）不重讀。因此分析重讀和弱讀非常必要。 重讀音節(jié)出現(xiàn)的間隔時有規(guī)律的。每隔一段就會有一個重音。 Janet has gone to school. 每個重音有一拍。每拍之間的間隔是一樣的，而在兩拍之間必須把非重讀音節(jié)讀完。 My wife is waiting for me at the corner of the street.,A book A good book A very good book A

7、 very good text-book A very good school text-book This is a very good school text book.,Exercise,A cup An empty cup An empty cup and saucer An empty cup and a broken saucer Two empty cups and a broken saucer Three are two empty cups and a broken saucer.,A clock My friends clock The hands of my frien

8、ds clock The metal hands of my friends clock The two broken metal hands of my friends clock,1.They live in that large house / on the other side / of the bridge. / 2.In the morning / the boy goes to school early. / Sometimes / he was late, / because his mother was in poor health. / 3.It is very impor

9、tant for us / to take part in manual labor / from time to time. / 4. Do you remember all those years / when scientists argued that smoking would kill us / but the doubters insisted that we didnt know for sure. 5. However, whether it comes from the common ancestor / that the species had 35 million ye

10、ars ago, / is, / as yet, /an unanswered question./ 6. What is harder to establish / is whether the productivity revolution/ that businessmen assume they are presiding over/ is for real./,7. She sells sea shells / by the sea shore. /The shells she sells / are surely seashells. / So / if she sells she

11、lls / on the seashore, Im sure / she sells seashore shells. 8.I cannot bear to see a bear / bear down upon a hare. / When bare of hair / he strips the hare, / right there / I cry, / Forbear! / 9. How much wood / would a woodchuck chuck / if a wood chuck / could chuck wood？A woodchuck / would chuck a

12、ll the wood / a woodchuck could chuck / if a woodchuck could chuck wood. / How many cookies / could /a good cook / cook？If a good cook / could cook cookies, a good cook / could cook / as much cookies / as a good cook / who could cook cookies./,11. A snow-white swan / swam swiftly / to catch a slowly

13、-swimming snake / in a lake. / 12. Once / two hunters went hunting / in the forest. One of them / suddenly fell down / by accident. He showed the whites of his eyes / and seemed to have ceased breathing. The other hunter / soon took out his mobile phone / to call the emergency center / for help./ The operator sai