英語(yǔ)六級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)資料-絕對(duì)齊全

1、英語(yǔ)六級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)資料（完整版）英語(yǔ)六級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題一完形填空-固定搭配1. account for 說(shuō)明的原因，是的原因2. ccuseof 控告；譴責(zé)3. allow for 考慮到，顧及，為留出預(yù)地4. appeal to 訴諸，訴請(qǐng)裁決(或證實(shí)等)5. bring about 導(dǎo)致，引起6. call off 取消7. care for 照顧，照料；喜歡8. check in (在旅館、機(jī)場(chǎng)等)登記，報(bào)到9. check out 結(jié)帳后離開(kāi)，辦妥手續(xù)離去10. come up with 提出，提供，想出11. count onupon 依靠，指望12. count up 共計(jì)，算出的總數(shù)13.

2、draw up 起草，擬訂；(使)停住14. fall back on 借助于，依靠15. get at 夠得著，觸及；意思是，意指；查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)；指責(zé)16. go in for 從事，參加；愛(ài)好17. hang on to 緊緊抓住；保留(某物)18. turn out 制造，生產(chǎn)；結(jié)果是；驅(qū)逐；關(guān)掉，旋熄19. take over 接受，接管；借用，承襲20. take in 接受，吸收，接納；理解，領(lǐng)會(huì)；欺騙；包括21. stick out (把)堅(jiān)持到底；突出，顯眼22. stick to 堅(jiān)持，忠于，信守；緊跟，緊隨；粘貼在上23. set out 陳述，闡明；動(dòng)身，起程；開(kāi)始；擺放2

3、4. set forth 闡明，陳述25. set about 開(kāi)始，著手26. put in for 正式申請(qǐng)27. refer toas 把稱(chēng)作，把當(dāng)作28. pay off 還清(債)；付清工資解雇(某人)；向行賄；得到好結(jié)果，取得成功29. make up for 補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)30. look over 把看一遍，把過(guò)目；察看，參觀(guān)31. look through 詳盡核查；(從頭至尾)瀏覽32. live on 靠生活，以為食物lie in (問(wèn)題、事情等)在于33. lie in (問(wèn)題、事情等)在于34. let go(of) 放開(kāi)，松手35. hold out 維持，保持；堅(jiān)持(

4、要求)，不屈服36. hold back 躊躇，退縮；阻止，抑制；隱瞞，保守(秘密等)37. have an advantage over 勝過(guò). have the advantage of 由于處于有利條件 have the advantage of sb。知道某人所不知道的事38. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用。39. attributeto(=to believe sth. to be the result of)把。.歸因于., 認(rèn)為。.是。.的結(jié)果

5、40. begin with 以開(kāi)始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先， 第一(經(jīng)常用于開(kāi)始語(yǔ))41. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以名義42. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth.sb. to be true) 相信，依賴(lài)，信仰。43. get the better of (=defeat sb。) 打敗， 勝過(guò)。44. by birth 在出生上，論出身，按血統(tǒng) at birth 在出生時(shí); give birth to 出生、45. blam

6、e sb. for sth. 因責(zé)備某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把推在某人身上46. in blossom開(kāi)花(指樹(shù)木) be in blossom開(kāi)花(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)) come into blossom開(kāi)花(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)47. take the floor 起立發(fā)言48. be capable of 能夠， 有能力 be capable of being +過(guò)去分詞是能夠被的49. comparewith 把與比較50. compareto 把比作51. complain of (or about)抱怨;訴苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情; complain

7、 to sb. about sth. (or sb。) 向某人抱怨; complain (抱怨); complement (補(bǔ)充); compliment (恭維)52. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth。)喜歡， 取樂(lè)53. take (a) delight in 喜歡干, 以為樂(lè)54. demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物質(zhì)的)東西55. deprive sb. of sth. 剝奪某人某物56. deviate from 偏離， 不按辦57. on a diet 吃某種特殊飲食， 節(jié)食58. differ fro

8、min 與的區(qū)別在于59. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)處理掉60. beyond dispute不容爭(zhēng)議的，無(wú)可爭(zhēng)議61. in dispute 在爭(zhēng)議中62. (be) distinct from ( = be different from) 與截然不同63. distinguish between (=make or recognize differences) 辨別64. distinguishfrom 把與區(qū)別開(kāi)65. do away with(=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate) 除去，廢除，取

9、消; do away with (=kill) 殺掉， 鎮(zhèn)壓66. come off duty 下班67. at large(=at liberty, free) 在逃， 逍遙法外 at large(=in general) 一般來(lái)說(shuō)， 大體上 at large(=at full length; with details)詳細(xì)地68. accuseof(=chargewith; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控，控告69. allow for (=take into consideration, take i

10、nto account) 考慮到， 估計(jì)到 。70. amount to (=to be equal to) 總計(jì)， 等于。71. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)。72. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守73. comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc。) 遵守， 依從74. apply to sb. for sth. 為向申請(qǐng) ; apply f

11、or申請(qǐng); apply to 適用。75. apply to 與有關(guān);適用76. arise from(=be caused by) 由引起。77. arrive on 到達(dá); arrive at 到達(dá)某地(小地方);得出，作出; arrive in 到達(dá)某地(大地方);78. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以 為羞恥79. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth。) 向保證， 使確信。80. attach(to

12、) (=to fix, fasten; join) 縛， 系 ,結(jié)81. attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)注意，照顧;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候，照料82. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根據(jù)83. on ones own account 1) 為了某人的緣故， 為了某人自己的利益 2) (=at ones own risk) 自行負(fù)責(zé) 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account

13、賒賬; on account of 因?yàn)? on no account不論什么原因也不;of account 有。.重要性。84. takeinto account(=consider)把.。.考慮進(jìn)去85. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解釋?zhuān)?說(shuō)明。86. on account of (=because of) 由于，因?yàn)椤?7. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)習(xí)慣于。88. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge o

14、f) 了解; (=to have met socially ) 熟悉89. act on 奉行，按照行動(dòng); act as 扮演; act for 代理adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己適應(yīng)于90. adapt(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改編， 改寫(xiě)(以適應(yīng)新的需要)91. in addition (=besides) 此外， 又， 加之92. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除外93. adhere to (=abide by,

15、 conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, pe rsist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 堅(jiān)持， 遵循94. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗鄰的， 臨近的95. adjust。.(to) (=change slightly)調(diào)節(jié); 適應(yīng);英語(yǔ)六級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題二翻譯-語(yǔ)法精要?jiǎng)釉~(時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài),用法,省略,一致性等)時(shí)態(tài)1)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) (have/has been + -ing 分詞構(gòu)成): 動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始,繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,可能繼續(xù)下去,也可能剛剛結(jié)束.Ive been

16、 writing letters for an hour.Ive been sitting in the garden.2)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(由had been + ing分詞構(gòu)成): 過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻以前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Id been working for some time when he called.We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.3)將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí): 將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻以前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.By next summer, he will have been working here for twent

17、y years.In another months time shell have been studying here for three years.4)將來(lái)完成時(shí)(由shall/will have + 過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成): 將來(lái)某時(shí)會(huì)業(yè)已發(fā)生的事.I shall have finished this one before lunch.Theyll have hit the years target by the end of October.語(yǔ)態(tài)可以有兩種被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的類(lèi)型,例如:He was said to be jealous of her success.It was said that

18、he was jealous of her success.能同時(shí)適用于上述兩個(gè)句型的主動(dòng)詞通常都是表示“估計(jì)”,“相信”等意義的動(dòng)詞,常見(jiàn)的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.The ship is supposed to have been sunk.擔(dān)當(dāng)be supposed to 與不定式的一般形式搭配時(shí)往往表示不同的意義.例如:Why are you driving so fast

19、in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你應(yīng)該曉得速度限制)雙賓語(yǔ)及賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài): 雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ),另一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)仍然保留在謂語(yǔ)后面,但多數(shù)是把間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ).He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被

20、動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):She was called Big Sister by everybody.Then he was made a squad leader.He was considered quite qualified for the job.The room was always kept clean and tidy.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Vi + advThe plane took off two hours late.Vi + prepThey looked round the Cathedral.Vi + prep (有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Shes looking after her sisters chil

21、dren.The children were always well looked after.Vi + adv + prepI began to look forward to their visits.Vt + O + advSome women choose to stay at home and bring up their children.The children were brought up by their mother.They took him on.Vt + adv + O (無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))I am trying to give up smoking.Vt + O + p

22、repWe talked Donald into agreement.省略在以as, than, when, if, unless等引導(dǎo)的從句中的省略: 在有些狀語(yǔ)從句中,如果謂語(yǔ)包含有動(dòng)詞be,主語(yǔ)又和主句的主語(yǔ)一致a),或者主語(yǔ)是it b),就常?？梢园褟木渲械闹髡Z(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的一部分(特別是動(dòng)詞be)省略掉.Look out for cars when crossing the street.When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.While there he joined in voluntar

23、y labour on a project.Although not yet six months old, she was able to walk without support.If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful.Though reduced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity.This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong.Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and

24、 completely wiped out.She hurriedly left the room as though/if angry.She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health.Fill in the application as instructed.Whenever known, such facts should be reported.The documents will be returned as soon as signed.He said that no acrobat could ever pe

25、rform those daring feats unless trained very young.Once having made a promise, you should keep it.If necessary Ill have the letter duplicated.Fill in the blanks with articles where(ver) necessary.If possible, I should like to have two copies of it.As scheduled, they met on January 20 at the Chinese

26、Embassy.在以than a) 或 as b) 引起的從句中,常會(huì)有一些成分省略.He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary.We should think more of the collective than of ourselves.They worked with as much enthusiasm as young people (did).He is now a vice-manager, but still often works in the kitchen as before.Their trai

27、ning is free, as is all education.We will, as always, stand on your side.錯(cuò)誤的省略His life is as fully committed to books as anyone I know.While standing there in her nightgown, two bullets struck the wall beside her.一致如果主語(yǔ)是單數(shù),盡管后面跟有with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than等引導(dǎo)

28、的短語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍舊用單數(shù)形式.Terry, along with her friend, goes skating every Saturday.An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.The captain, as well as the coaches, was disappointed in the team.代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的一致each, either, neither和由some, any, no, every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞,都作單數(shù)看待.Each of us has someth

29、ing to say.Is everybody ready?Somebody is using the phone.Neither of us has gone through regular training.Has either of them told you?some, few, both, many 等作復(fù)數(shù)some 可后接復(fù)數(shù),也可接單數(shù),表示某一.none作復(fù)數(shù)看待時(shí)較多,但也有時(shí)作單數(shù)看待,主要看說(shuō)話(huà)人腦中聯(lián)系想到的是復(fù)數(shù)還是單數(shù)概念, 但none 在代表不可數(shù)的東西時(shí)總是看作單數(shù):None of the books are easy enough for usNone of

30、us seem to have thought of it.None (= not a single one) of us has got a camera.None (= nobody) has felt it more keenly than she did.None of this worries me.all 和most 可后接復(fù)數(shù),也可接不可數(shù)名詞 (all of the, most of the ), 動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).由and 或 both and 連接名詞詞組時(shí), 后用復(fù)數(shù); 由not onlybut (also), eitheror, neithernor或 or 連接的并列主語(yǔ),

31、 謂語(yǔ)通常和最鄰近的主語(yǔ)一致.Not only the switches but also the old writing has been changed.My sister or my brother is likely to be at home.Either you or Mr Yang is to do the work.Neither my wife nor I myself am able to persuade my daughter to change her mind.如果一個(gè)句子是由there 或here引導(dǎo), 而主語(yǔ)又不止一個(gè), 謂語(yǔ)通常也和最鄰近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致.The

32、re was carved in the board a dragon and a phoenix.Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.people, police, cattle, poultry (家禽), militia (民兵) 等通常都用作復(fù)數(shù).Cattle are grazing on the pasture.The police are looking for him.有些集體名詞有時(shí)作單數(shù)看待, 有時(shí)作復(fù)數(shù)看待, 主要根據(jù)意思來(lái)決定.His family isnt very large.His family

33、 are all music lovers.The committee meets twice a month.The committee are divided in opinion.The audience was enormous.The audience were greatly moved at the words.有些名詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形, 可根據(jù)意思決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù):This new series is beginning next month.These new series are beginning next month.This species is now extinct.T

34、hese species are now extinct.表示時(shí)間, 重量, 長(zhǎng)度, 價(jià)值等的名詞, 盡管仍是復(fù)數(shù)形式, 如果作整體看待, 動(dòng)詞也可用單數(shù)形式 (當(dāng)然用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞也是可以的):Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.One hundred li was covered in a single night.其他問(wèn)題書(shū)名, 國(guó)家名用單數(shù):Tales from Shakespeare is a book by Charles Lamb.學(xué)科名, 如mathematics, economics用單數(shù).ma

35、ny a 或more than one 所修飾的詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)形式:Many a person has had that kind of experience.More than one person has involved in the case.a number of 后接復(fù)數(shù), the number of后接單數(shù):A number of books have been published on the subject.The number of books published on the subject is simply amazing.one of those 后

36、用單數(shù). 在“one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +關(guān)系分句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系分句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式在一般情況下有兩形式，一是根據(jù)先行詞采用復(fù)數(shù)形式：Joan is one of those people who go out of their way to be helpful.當(dāng)one 之前友the only 等限定詞和修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系分句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)one 而定，即采用單數(shù)形式：He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式形式主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式to doto be

37、done完成式to have doneto have been done進(jìn)行式to be doing完成進(jìn)行式to have been doing完成式: 不定式的一般形式所表示的動(dòng)作, 通常與主要謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))同時(shí)(或幾乎同時(shí))發(fā)生, 或是在它之后發(fā)生. 假如不定式所表示的動(dòng)作, 在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))之前發(fā)生, 就要用不定式的完成式.I am glad to have seen your mother (= I am glad I have seen your mother).(比較: I am glad to see you.)He is said to have writt

38、en a new book about workers.He pretended not to have seen me.進(jìn)行式: 如果主要謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))發(fā)生時(shí), 不定式表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行, 這時(shí)要用不定式的進(jìn)行式.You are not supposed to be working. You havent quite recovered yet.We didnt expect you to be waiting for us here.He pretended to be listening attentively.完成進(jìn)行式: 在謂語(yǔ)所表示的時(shí)間之前一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作, 就要用不定式的

39、完成進(jìn)行式.The struggle was known to have been going for twenty years.We are happy to have been working with you.被動(dòng)式: 當(dāng)不定式的邏輯上的主語(yǔ)是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí), 不定式一般要用被動(dòng)形式.It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.She hated to be flattered.He wanted the letter to be typed at once.This is bound to be found out.T

40、here are a lot of things to be done.She was too young to be assigned such work.功用: 不定式可以作主語(yǔ) (a), 賓語(yǔ) (b), 表語(yǔ) (c), 定語(yǔ) (d) 或是狀語(yǔ) (e).a. To scold her would not be just.b. We are planning to build a reservoir here.c. One of our main tasks now is to mechanize agriculture.d. Do you have anything to declare?

41、e. We have come to learn from you.不帶to 的不定式:在“動(dòng)詞+ 賓語(yǔ)+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中, 如果動(dòng)詞是表示感覺(jué)意義的see, hear, watch, smell, feel, notice等, 或是表示“致使”意義的 have, make, let等, 其后的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)不帶to.John made her tell him everything.這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí), 后面的不帶to 的不定式一般還原為帶to 的不定式.She was made to tell him everything.在 had better, had best, would rat

42、her, would sooner, would just as soon, might (just) as well, cannot but 等搭配之后, 動(dòng)詞不定式也不帶to.Id rather not have eggs and bacon for breakfast.They cannot but accept his term.在make do, make believe, let drop, let fall, let fly, let slip, let drive, let go of, let there be, hear say, hear tell, leave go o

43、f等固定搭配中, 用不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式.John let fly a torrent of abuse at me.Ive heard tell of him.在動(dòng)詞help(或help +賓語(yǔ))之后可用不帶to的不定式, 也可用帶to的不定式.Can I help (to) lift this heavy box?在介詞except, but 之后, 如果其前有動(dòng)詞do的某種形式, 不定式一般不帶to, 反之帶to.There is nothing to do except wait till it stops raining.Smith will do anything but work

44、 on a farm.Theres no choice but to wait till it stops raining.連詞 rather than, sooner than 置于句首時(shí), 其后的不定式不帶to.Rather than push the book back as he wanted to do, he forced himself to pick it up.出現(xiàn)在句中其他位置時(shí), 其后的不定式有時(shí)帶to, 有時(shí)不帶to.He decided to write rather than telephone.The manager believes it is importan

45、t to invest in new machinery rather than to increase wages.用作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式, 如果主語(yǔ)是由“all + 關(guān)系分句”，“thing +關(guān)系分句”，“what分句”或“thing +不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”等構(gòu)成，并帶有do的某種形式，這時(shí)，作為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的不定式可以省to，也可以不省.What he will do is (to) spoil the whole thing.All you do now is complete the formThe only thing I can do now is go on by myself.The t

46、hing to do now is clear up this mess.The least I can do is drive everybody else closer to the issue.不定式的其他用法tooto 結(jié)構(gòu)通常表示否定意義:She was too young to understand all that.enoughto結(jié)構(gòu)則表示肯定意義:She was not old enough to understand all that.not too, but too, all too, only too等和不定式連用時(shí),不定式一般不表示否定意義:Hes only too

47、pleased to help her.soas (to)這種結(jié)構(gòu)也可用不定式作狀語(yǔ):Be so kind as to drop in some time when you are free.如果要說(shuō)明不定是表示的動(dòng)作是誰(shuí)做的, 可以在不定式前加一個(gè)for引起的短語(yǔ):It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.It is a great honour for us to be present at this rally.在以某些形容詞(如 kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, rig

48、ht, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表語(yǔ)時(shí), 不定式前可加一個(gè)of引起的短語(yǔ), 來(lái)說(shuō)明不定式指的是誰(shuí)的情況:Its kind of you to think so much of us.(It is) Awfully good of you to come and meet us.Its very nice of you to be so considerate.Its unwise of them to turn down the proposal.V+ing形式(現(xiàn)在分詞及動(dòng)名詞)形式完

49、成式: 如果要表示動(dòng)名詞代表的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生, 通常用動(dòng)名詞的完成形式.He didnt mention having met me.I regret not having taken her advice.在某些動(dòng)詞后(或成語(yǔ)中), 常用(或可以用)動(dòng)名詞的一般形式, 盡管動(dòng)作是在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的.Excuse me for coming late.I dont remember ever seeing him anywhere.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式主要用在狀語(yǔ)中, 表示這動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生.Having been there many times, he

50、offered to be our guide.Having found the cause, they were able to propose a remedy.另外, 獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)也可用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式.The guests having left, they resumed their discussion.The children, having eating their fill, were allowed to leave the table.被動(dòng)式: 當(dāng)一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞邏輯上的主語(yǔ)所表示的是這動(dòng)作的對(duì)象時(shí), 動(dòng)名詞一般要用被動(dòng)形式.His being neglected by the

51、host added to his uneasiness.He couldnt bear being made fun of like that.但要注意, 在want, need, deserve, require 等動(dòng)詞后, 盡管表示的是被動(dòng)的意思, 卻用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式.My pen needs filling.The point deserves mentioning.This problem requires studying with great care.在worth這個(gè)形容詞后情形也是這樣.Her method is worth trying.現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式可以用來(lái)作定語(yǔ),

52、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ), 狀語(yǔ)及用于獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)中.This is one of the experiments being carried on in our laboratory.Youll find the topic being discussed everywhere.Being asked to give a performance, she couldnt very well refuse.These are sold at reduced prices, the defects always being pointed out to the customers.完成被動(dòng)式: 如果表示的動(dòng)作在謂

53、語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生, 有時(shí)需要用動(dòng)名詞的完成被動(dòng)式.I dont remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.但在多數(shù)情況下都避免使用這一形式, 而用一般被動(dòng)形式代替, 以免句子顯得累贅.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式一般用來(lái)作狀語(yǔ)或用于獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)中.Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away?The decision having been made, the next problem was how to make a good p

54、lan.All the compositions having been written and collected, the teacher sent the students home.句法功用作主語(yǔ):Walking is good exercise.Its nice talking to you.There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour productivity.作賓語(yǔ):Your shoes need polishing.You mustnt delay sending the t

55、ractors over.He avoided giving us a definite answer.作介詞賓語(yǔ): 動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)用的時(shí)候最多. 它?？梢杂迷谀承┏烧Z(yǔ)后面, 常見(jiàn)的有: insist on, persist in, think of, dream of, object to, suspectof, accuseof, chargewith, hear of, approve of, preventfrom, keepfrom, stopfrom, refrain from, be engaged in, look forward to, opposed to, depend

56、 on, thankfor, feel like, excusefor, aim at, devoteto, set about, spendin, get (be) used to, be fond of, be capable of, be afraid of, be tired of, be sick of, succeed in, be interested in, feel (be) ashamed of, be proud of, be keen on, be responsible for.作表語(yǔ):The real problem is getting to know the needs of the people.動(dòng)名詞和不定式都可以作主語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ). 一般說(shuō)來(lái), 在表示抽象的一般的行為時(shí)多用動(dòng)名詞; 在表示具體某詞動(dòng)作, 特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作時(shí), 多用不定式.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ): 分詞可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, find, keep, get, have等動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).The words immediately set us all laughing.Once we caught him dozing of