Chapter6Lauguage.ppt

1、Language,副詞的主要作用: 用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或整個句子, 說明時間、地點、程度和方式等。,Adverbs 副詞,1) 時間和頻度副詞: now, then, often, always, usually, early, today, lately, next, already, generally, frequently, seldom, ever, never, yet, soon, too, immediately, hardly, finally, shortly, before, ago, sometimes, yesterday.,2) 地點副詞: here,

2、there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round, around, near, off, past, up, away, on.,3) 方式副詞: carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly. 4) 程度

3、副詞: much, little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely, almost, slightly.,5) 疑問副詞: how, when, where, why. 6) 關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why. 7) 連接副詞: therefore, moreover, however, otherwise, then.,副詞的用法,方式副詞表示行為動作發(fā)生的方式, ?？苫卮餳ow引導(dǎo)的問句。,1. 1) 英語中有大量方式副詞, 說明行為方式(回答how的問題)：

4、 She gently refused to accept the gifts.她委婉地拒絕接受那些禮物。 How beautifully your wife dances! 你夫人舞跳得真美！,今天我們主要講方式副詞和程度副詞,2) 還有相當(dāng)多的副詞, 表示某些情緒： She smiled gratefully. 她感激地笑了笑。 He looked at her sadly. 他凄然地看了看她。,3) 還有一些以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞, 表示動作發(fā)生的狀況： He left the town secretly. 他悄然離開了這座城市。 I only met her accidentally. 我

5、只是偶然碰見她的。,2. 程度副詞和強調(diào)副詞 1) 程度副詞可修飾動詞, 表示“到某種程度”： He loved his mother dearly. 他深愛他的母親。 I strongly object to your saying that. 我強烈反對你這樣說話。 Is she badly hurt? 她傷得重嗎？,這類副詞除修飾動詞外, 還可修飾形容詞(a)和另一副詞 (b): a. fairly simple 相當(dāng)簡單 awfully sorry 非常抱歉 truly grateful 確實很感激 b. fairly smoothly 相當(dāng)順利地 know fully well 完全

6、清楚 do it very quickly 干得很快,2) 強調(diào)副詞和程度副詞很接近, 有些就是程度副詞。它們主要是對所修飾的動詞(a)、形容詞(b)加以強調(diào)： a. I quite agree. 我完全同意。 He knew absolutely nothing. 他是毫無所知的。 Your attitude simply amazes me. 你的態(tài)度簡直使我吃驚。,b. Youre entirely wrong. 你完全錯了。 Shes perfectly correct. 她完全正確。 The food is just wonderful. 這飯菜簡直好極了。,3) much是一個特殊

7、的程度副詞, 它可以： a. 修飾副詞(特別是用在否定句中)： She didnt talk much. 她不怎么說話。 I dont much like the idea. 我不大喜歡這個想法。 Thank you very much. 非常感謝你。,b. 修飾形容詞； Im not much good at singing. 我唱歌不太好。 Im very much afraid that she wont come. 我很擔(dān)心她不來。,c. 和形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級連用： You sing much better than me. 你比我唱的好多了。 Their house is

8、much nicer than ours. 他們的房子比我們的好多了。,d. 和how, so, too等詞連用： How much do you like him? 你喜歡他到什么程度？ He would so much like to go. 他會很想去的。,close與closelyclose意思是“近”; closely意思是 “仔細地”。 He is sitting close to me.Watch him closely.,兼有兩種形式的副詞,2) late與latelylate意思是 “晚”; lately 意思是“最近”。You have come too late.What

9、 have you been doing lately?,3) deep與deeplydeep意思是“深”, 表示空間深度；deeply時常表示感情上的深度, “深深地”。He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even father was deeply moved by the film.,4) high與highlyhigh表示空間高度; highly表示程度, 相當(dāng)于much。The plane was flying high.I think highly of your opinion.,5) wide與widelywide表示空間寬度; wide

10、ly意思是 “廣泛地”, “在許多地方”。He opened the door wide.English is widely used in the world.,6) free與freelyfree的意思是“免費”; freely 的意思是“無限制地”。You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely; say what you like.,形容詞與副詞同形, 但它們的功能卻不相同。凡是修飾名詞的是形容詞，否則就是副詞。,1) He is a hard worker in the factory.

11、,Though he studies English hard, he hasnt passed it.,adj. 勤勞的,adv. 努力地,2) They went to Shanghai by a fast train. He runs so fast that I cant catch up with him.,adj. 快的,adv. 快得,3) The workers put up a straight road last year. The road runs straight for twenty miles.,adj. 筆直的,adv. 筆直地,常見的同形形容詞和副詞還有：br

12、ight, deep, high, far, fair, slow, late, long, sound, enough等。,形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則,一般在形容詞詞尾直接加-ly。如:real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; hopeful-hopefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly。,以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞要變y為i,然后再加-ly。 如: busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily,某些以輔音字母加不發(fā)音的字母e 結(jié)尾和以-ue結(jié)尾的

13、形容詞要先去 掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。如: terrible-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently,副詞還可以由形容詞加前綴a-得來, 如:loud (adj.)-aloud (adv.) 此外,部分名詞加后綴也可變成副詞,如: part-partly。,注意: friendly; motherly; lovely daily 等詞是形容詞而非副詞。,1. How do Happy s tanks of Ghost fish sell? They _ _. 2. How should the children watch the fish tank? Th

14、e should _ it_.,sold quickly,watch,closely,Look back at the story about Happy and complete the answer to each question with a verb and an adverb.,A,3. How should the children sit? They should _ _. 4. How did the children leave the room? They _ _ from the room.,sit quietly,rushed,excitedly,There is t

15、rouble at Happys pet shop. Happy is thinking. lm losing all my customers. My staff work slowly. They listen to customers impatiently and speak to them rudely. They make mistakes with customers bills. They dress badly, and they never smile. l must speak to them.,B1,accurate cheerful happy fast well c

16、areful patient polite bad I want you all to listen to me (1) _. You are doing (2) _ so we are losing all our customers. In future, I want you all to smile (3) _ at our customers. I want you to listen to them (4) _ and speak to them,carefully,badly,patiently,B2,cheerfully,(5) _. I want you to work(6)

17、 _and add up all bills (7) _. Customers dont like mistakes. Finally, I want you all to dress (8) _. Do all these things, and well work (9) _together.,politely,fast,accurately,well,happily,Everyone dresses neatly.,You are serving all the customers quickly.,The staff are all doing well.,1. staff/be/al

18、l/do/well,2. everyone /dress/neatly,3. you/be/all/serve/customers/quickly,C2,Rose always speaks politely to everyone.,Terence smiles cheerfully all the time.,You are listening to all the customers patiently.,4. Rose/always/speak/politely/everyone,5. Terence/smile/cheerfully/all the time,6. you/be/al

19、l/listen/customers/ patiently,You are adding up all bills accurately.,The customers are leaving the shop happily.,7. You/be/all/add up/bills/accurately,8. customers/leave/shop/happily,The business is increasing fast.,9. business/be/increase/fast,10. next month/ I shall / definitely/ raise /pay,Next

20、month, I shall definitely raise your pay.,1. Tina isnt a _ friend of mine. I feel _ sorry for this A. truly; truly B. true; truly C. truly; true D. true; true,解析:考查形容詞和副詞的用法。本句意為“Tina不是我的真正的朋友, 這讓我感到很難過”。 答案B,Boys lonely B. lonely; alone C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone,解析: 考查alone與lonely的用法區(qū)別。 alo

21、ne是“獨自一人的”意思, 既可用作形容詞, 也可用作副詞, 可做賓語補足語或狀語。lonely是形容詞, 表示人的感情, 意為“寂寞的”、“孤獨的”。本題句意為“當(dāng)我一個人生活的時候, 我時常感到孤獨寂寞”。答案A,4. Jim is _ at all his lessons. And Im sure hell do very _ in the exams. A. well, good B. good, well C. well, well D. good, good ,解析: good為形容詞, 如：He is good. 他是個好人。而well作為身體狀況的好壞講時是形容詞, 如：He

22、is well。他身體不錯。 而作為其他意思時為副詞, 如：He speaks English well. 答案 B. ,5. The young man on the motorbike was not _ hurt A. good B. bad C. badly D. ill,解析: 考查bad和badly的區(qū)別。bad意思是形容詞, 有“壞的”、“糟糕的”, 它可做定語或表語。badly是副詞, 可做狀語修飾實義動詞。本題為被動結(jié)構(gòu), “was not badly hurt” 意為“傷得不厲害”。答案C,6. Now open your books, please. Read the passage as _ as you can. Then Ill ask you so