英文否定前綴.ppt

1、A,1,否定前綴,Prefixes indicating negation,A,2,否定前綴：在單詞的詞首加上一個(gè)表示相反 含義的詞綴。 常見(jiàn)否定前綴：dis-; il-, im-, in-, ir-; un-; non-; mis-等； 否定前綴翻譯：“非”、“無(wú)”、“不 （是）”、“未”等。,A,3,1. dis-常加在名、形、動(dòng)之前。如：,disagree(ment) (分歧；不贊同) discourage vt.使氣餒 disagreeable adj.不愉快的 disadvantage (不利條件；缺點(diǎn)) disorder 無(wú)秩序 disappear (v.消失) discomfor

2、t（n.不舒適 vt.使不舒適） dishonest (adj.不誠(chéng)實(shí)的) dislike (v.不喜歡) 但unlike prep 不像 dissatisfactory adj.不令人滿意的 但un/dissatisfied discover vt 發(fā)現(xiàn) 但uncover 揭露，暴露,A,4,2.in-;il-,im-,ir-(in-在輔音n,l,m,p,r前要變體)加在形容詞、名詞、副詞上,inexpensive in/unequal 不平等的 incorrect invalid無(wú)效的 indifferent 冷漠的 inaccurate不準(zhǔn)確的 inactive， indirect in

3、visible, incredible， incurable,A,5,a.im-常加在以字母m-, p-開(kāi)頭的形容詞之前：,impossible (不可能的) impolite (無(wú)禮的；粗魯?shù)? impatient imbalanced（adj.不平衡的） 但：unparallel不平行的 unpleasant unpopular nonpoisonous無(wú)毒的,A,6,b.il-, ir- 加在l和r開(kāi)頭的形容詞之前,illegal（非法的) illogical（不合邏輯的） irregular（不規(guī)則） irresponsible irrelevant illiterate 不識(shí)字的 i

4、rrelative無(wú)關(guān)的,但：unreasonable不合理的，不公道的,A,7,3. un-加在形容詞、副詞、名詞及用于作形容詞的分詞上,unhappiness 不幸福 unusual 不尋常的；罕見(jiàn)的 unimportant 不重要的 unfriendly 不友好的 uncomfortable 不舒服的 但discomfort n/vt unsafe 不安全的 unwelcome 不受歡迎的 uncommon 不常見(jiàn)的 unaware 沒(méi)意識(shí)到的,不舒適 ；使不舒服,A,8,unhealthy (不健康的；不益于健康的) unable (無(wú)能的；不會(huì)的) 但:disability 殘疾 u

5、nfair(不公平的；不公正的) unfamiliar (不熟悉的；沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的) unnecessary (不必要的) unfortunate (不幸的) 但misfortune災(zāi)難，厄運(yùn) unreal不真實(shí) uncertain unforgettable unfit un/inequal 不平等的,A,9,un-用于動(dòng)詞之前表示做相反的動(dòng)作,lock v.鎖, 鎖上 unlockvt.開(kāi).鎖 cover vt.覆蓋 uncovervt.揭開(kāi), 揭露 fold v.折疊 unfold v.打開(kāi) dress v.穿衣 undress vt.使脫衣服 load v.裝載 unload v.卸貨,A

6、,10,un-未（主要用于過(guò)去分詞之前）,unexpected 未預(yù)料到） unlocked 未上鎖的 uneducated 未受教育的 undecided 未決定的 unfinished 未完成的 uncrowded 不擁擠的 undoubted 無(wú)疑的 unmarried 未結(jié)婚的,A,11,4.non-加在名、形、副或作形容詞的分詞前，表“無(wú)，抗，防，非，沒(méi)”之意,nonsense（n.胡說(shuō)、廢話） non-violent（adj.非暴力的 ) nonpoisonous無(wú)毒的 nonexistent不存在的 nonsmoking 不準(zhǔn)吸煙的 nonstop a.直達(dá)的,A,12,5.ab

7、-,ab-加在詞根前，表示相反，離去” 如： abnormal（ab+normal 正常的）反常的 abuse濫用、錯(cuò)誤使用、虐待,A,13,6.mis加在動(dòng)詞、名詞之前,misunderstand 誤解 misjudge 誤判 misleading 誤導(dǎo) misfortune 不幸,A,14,Exx:根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，用所給詞的否定形式填空 1It is _ (legal) to drive after drinking alcohol. 酒后開(kāi)車不合法。 2_ (lead) advertisements are not allowed by law.誤導(dǎo)的廣告為法律所不允許。 3It is _ (

8、reasonable)to stick to this absurd proposal.堅(jiān)持這種荒謬的建議是不合理的。 4There exists the _ (balance) between the rich and poor countries. 富國(guó)與窮國(guó)之間存在著不平衡。 5.The government _ (close) that another ambassador had been arrested for spying. 政府公開(kāi)另一個(gè)外交大使園間諜罪被逮捕。,illegal,Misleading,irresponsible,imbalanced,disclosed,A,1

9、5,6His identity is _ (know) to us so we have to confirm.他的身份為我們所不知，所以我們得證實(shí)。 7He seems to be _ (aware)of the trouble he is making.他似乎不知道他正造成的麻煩。 8Jim is _ (patient)with his little sister who is so noisy. 吉姆對(duì)他吵鬧的小妹妹不耐煩。 9The _ (expect)death of her son made hei sad.她兒子意外的死亡使她傷心。 10.Her illness had made

10、 her completely _ (mobile)她的病使得她完全不能活動(dòng)了。,unknown,unaware,impatient,unexpected,immobile,A,16,11Running a business without a budget(預(yù)算)is _ (practical) 經(jīng)營(yíng)生意而沒(méi)有預(yù)算是不實(shí)際的。 12The bright dress is _ (proper) for a funeral.鮮艷的衣服對(duì)葬禮來(lái)說(shuō)不合適。 13Students get a _ (count) of 25% on plane tickets.學(xué)生享有25%的機(jī)票折扣。 14The w

11、ater is _ (fit)for drinking and you have to gowithout water. 這水不適宜飲用，你只能不喝水了。 15.You must be _ (literate) if you have not heard of Shakespeare. 如果你沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)莎士比亞，那你一定是文盲的。,impractical,improper,discount,unfit,illiterate,A,17,16He _ (like)wearing a tie，so you will never see him in tie. 17_ (amaze/surprise)

12、, he should lose his temper in public. 18_ (expect), the injured athlete came first in the 100meter dash. 19The mother _(dress) her baby and gave it a bath. 20.This delay was _ (avoidable) so we had to be patient.延遲不可避免,所以我們得耐心,dislikes,Amazingly,Unexpectedly,undressed,unavoidably,A,18,21His income is _ (adequate) to meet his basic needs and he has to find another job.他的收入不足以滿足基本要求，他得再找份工作。 22.Its _ (honesty)to lie about ones age.謊報(bào)自己的年齡是不誠(chéng)實(shí)的。 23The injured man was _ (capable) of walking, so he had to be carried. 那個(gè)受傷的人不能走路，所以他得被人