2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語課時分層作業(yè)12Unit4EarthquakesSectionⅢⅣ含解析新人教版必修1

PAGE1-課時分層作業(yè)(十二)SectionⅢ、Ⅳ(建議用時：35分鐘)[語言學(xué)問練習(xí)固基礎(chǔ)]Ⅰ.語境填詞A)依據(jù)漢語或首字母提示，寫出下列語句中所缺單詞的正確形式1．Theearthquakecauseddamage(損害)topropertyestimatedat$6billion.2．I'mfrightened(膽怯 )ofwalkinghomealoneinthedark.3．Isincerelyhopethisprogramwillbesuccessfulandpeopleherewillbenefitfromit.4．Makeanoutline(提綱)beforeyoustartwriting.5．Agoodcyclist(自行車騎手)cancoverdistancesofoverahundredmilesaday.B)在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式6．Veryquickly，shelearnedtoappreciateliferatherthantojudge(judge)everythingsoharshly(苛刻地)．7．Havingheardthebadnews，heleftwithoutexpression(express)．8．AbrahamLincolnisknownasoneofthegreatestpresidentsoftheUSA.9．Thegirlwaspleasedtolearn(learn)thatshegotthefirstplaceintheEnglishspeechcontest!10．Ifeelhonoured(honour)toattendthismeetingandgiveaspeech.Ⅱ.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1．SomecountrieswhosenamesIhadneverheardofbeforewereshownonthemap.2．Anyonewho/thatfailedtocometothemeetingyesterdaymustgivehisreason.3．Allthatweneedisenoughrestafterlonghours'work.4．OnthetrainIsawagirlwho/whom/thatIthoughtwasyoursister.5．Maybeyouhaveahabitthat/whichisdrivingyourfamilycrazy.[高考題型練習(xí)提實力]Ⅰ.閱讀理解AEveryyeartherearehundredsofearthquakesindifferentpartsoftheworld.InSeptember，1923，TokyoandYokohamawerebothdestroyedbyanearthquakeandthefiresthatfollowedit.Theyhadtobecompletelyrebuilt.OneofthemostseriousearthquakeswasinChina'sShanxiProvincein1556.Itkilledalmostonemillionpeople.Wemeasureanearthquake'sstrengthontheRichterScale.TheRichterScalewasintroducedin1935inSouthernCaliforniaintheUSA.Itmeasuresearthquakesonascaleofonetoten.Anyearthquakemeasuringfiveormoreisusuallyserious.TheEarth'scrust(地殼)ismadeupofrockcalledplates.Astheseplatesmove，theysometimescrash(撞)againsteachother，causingthecrusttoquake.IncitiessuchasTokyo，wheresmallquakeshappenquiteoften，manymodernbuildingsaredesignedtobeflexiblesowhentheEarthmoves，theymovewithit.Earthquakescanalsobreakupgasandoilpipes.Thiscancausefiretobreakout，whichcandoasmuchdamageastheearthquakeitself.Anothereffectofearthquakesistsunamis(海嘯)．Thesearehugewavescreatedbyearthquakesbeneaththesea.Theycanbemanymetreshighandcausegreatdamagetocoastaltownsandcities.China，Japan，RussiaandtheUSAhavethehighestoccurrence(發(fā)生)ofearthquakesintheworld.【語篇解讀】中國和日本在歷史上都曾發(fā)生過劇烈的大地震，地震會給人類帶來什么樣的危害呢？1．Thepassageismainlyabout．A．scientistswhostudytheearthquakesB．a(chǎn)usualnaturaldisasterC．thewayofmeasuringearthquakesD．whatpeopleshoulddointheearthquakesB[主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了地震這種自然災(zāi)難，在世界各地，其實每年都會發(fā)生成百上千次地震，故選B。]2．TheearthquakeinShanxiProvince，whichisNOTtrue?A．happenedin1556B．killedalmostonemillionpeopleC．wastheonlyearthquakeinChinaD．causedalotofdamageC[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從第一段最終兩句“OneofthemostseriousearthquakeswasinChina'sShanxiProvincein1556.Itkilledalmostonemillionpeople.”可知C項錯誤。]3．Earthquakes．A．happenallovertheworldB．a(chǎn)renotseriousC．mostpossiblyhappeninJapanD．don'tcausemuchdamageA[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。通過全文以及常識可知B、C、D三項錯誤，由短文第一句“Everyyeartherearehundredsofearthquakesindifferentpartsoftheworld.”可知A項正確。]4．Accordingtothepassage，weknowthattsunamis．A．cancauseearthquakesB．a(chǎn)recausedbyearthquakesC．onlyhappenonlandD．a(chǎn)reawayofmeasuringearthquakesB[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從末段第三句“Anothereffectofearthquakesistsunamis(海嘯)．”可知B項正確。]BStandinginthemiddleofayardcrowdedwithsoldiers，LuoMing，a31-year-oldteamleaderoftheSichuanEmergencyResponseVolunteerGroup，seesathreat(威逼)nearlyasbigastheearthquakethatstruckWesternChina'smountainousareaonSaturday：toomanyvolunteers.“Thevolunteershavecreatedacertainkindofdisasterthemselves，”hesays，obviouslytiredduetonosleepin48hours，“Therearemorevolunteersthanearthquakevictims.Theyhavenoplacetosleep，andnothingtoeat，andmostofthemhavenoexperienceortraining.”Mr.Luoisinchargeatthevolunteerregistration(登記)tentatthetowncentreofLongmen，wheretheearthquakehasleftthousandsofpeoplewithoutshelter，foodandwaterforthreedays.Hehasregisteredmorethan500volunteers，buthehasturnedevenmorethanthataway.“Forsomepeople，thebiggesthelpthattheycandofordisasterareasisgobackwheretheycamefromsafely，”hesays.Authoritiesaretryingtomakesurethatnomorevolunteersshowup.Beijingannouncedabanonprivatevolunteersandcivilsocietygroupsenteringthedisasterareaforthetimebeing，andseveraluniversitiesinSichuanissuednoticestotheirstudentsaskingthemnottotraveltotheearthquakeareasandencouragingthemtodonatebloodinstead.Oneofthereasonsforthegovernment'sdecisionistransportationdifficulty：alargenumberofrescuevehiclesandheavycartrafficmaketheroadsimpassable.Ononestretch(一片地域)betweenLongmenandTaiping，trafficwassobadonSundaymorningthataninjuredwomanwastakenoutoftheambulance，whichwasstuckintraffic，andcarriedbyherhusbandonhisbacktoseekmedicalattention.【語篇解讀】文章介紹了四川地震時志愿者給災(zāi)區(qū)造成的困擾。5．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofLuoMingaccordingtothepassage?A．Heisasoldier.B．Heisinhisforties.C．Heisoverworking.D．Hehasnothingtoeat.C[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段中的“‘Thevolunteershavecreatedacertainkindofdisasterthemselves，’hesays，obviouslytiredduetonosleepin48hours”可知C項正確。]6．Whyaremorevolunteersbannedfromenteringthedisasterareas?A．Theycannotgiveanyhelpatall.B．Theybringmoretroublethanhelp.C．Theyrefusetodonatetheirblood.D．Theymaketheearthquakeevenworse.B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段中的“Forsomepeople，thebiggesthelpthattheycandofordisasterareasisgobackwheretheycamefromsafely”和最終一段的敘述可推知B項正確。]7．Themanhadtocarryhisinjuredwifeonhisbacktofindadoctorbecause．A．theambulanceshehadbeeninwasstuckintrafficB．herinjurywastooseriousforhertobecarriedinanyvehicleC．a(chǎn)roadaccidentmadeitimpossiblefortheambulancetogoonD．hethoughtitthebestwaytohelpherdearwifeA[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中的“...trafficwassobadonSundaymorningthataninjuredwomanwastakenoutoftheambulance，whichwasstuckintraffic，andcarriedbyherhusbandonhisbacktoseekmedicalattention”可知A項正確。]8．What'sthebesttitleforthenewsitem?A．EarthquakeLeftThousandsHomelessB．EarthquakeVolunteersCreateChallengeC．LuoMing，aHard-workingTeamLeaderD．TransportationDifficultyinDisasterAreasB[標(biāo)題歸納題。依據(jù)對整篇文章的理解可知，本文主要講的是四川地震災(zāi)區(qū)的志愿者給災(zāi)區(qū)造成的困擾，所以B項最適合用作本文標(biāo)題。]Ⅱ.短文改錯Ihaveahappyfamily.Thoughwearenotrich，butIlovemyhomeverymuch.Myfatherwasanengineer.Heoftenworklateintothenight,andhelikesreadverymuch.Ihaveakindmotherwhichisaprimaryschoolteacher.Shelovesherstudentandherjobverymuch.Besidesthis,hehastodoalmostallthehousework.Sosheisthebusieroneinourfamily.Intheevening,weusuallysitinmyparents