黑龍江省大慶市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)二部2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷

大慶實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2023級(jí)高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第I卷第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)20小題;每小題1分，滿分20分)第一節(jié)(共5小題，每小題1分，滿分5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whatwillthewomandotonight?A．EatoutB．Watchamovie.C．Gotothelibrary.2．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Teacherandstudent.B．Familymembers.C．Classmates.3．Whydoesthemanlikeblue?A．Itlookssoft.B．Itmakeshimfeelpeaceful.C．Itgoeswellwithhisskintone.4．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Atravelexperience.B．Anewmuseum.C．AplantovisittheGreatWall.5．Whenwasthemansupposedtohandintheworkplan?A．OnWednesday.B．OnThursday.C．OnFriday.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Attheairport.B．Overthephone.C．Athome.7．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Sunny.B．Rainy.C．Foggy.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．WhydoesJimwanttostartapany?A．Hecanmakemoremoney.B．Hefollowshisparents’advice.C．Hehasinterestindoingbusiness.9．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’splanaftergraduation?A．Shehasn’tdecidedyet.B．She’llstepintoworkplace.C．She’llcontinueherstudies.10．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．Watchamovie.B．Enjoytheirmeal.C．Makedumplings.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Wherecouldthewomanreadthearticle?A．Fromamedicalmagazine.B．Fromastorybook.C．Fromamusicalperiodical.12．HowdoesJustinsoundafterhearingthewoman’swordsatfirst?A．Unhappy.B．Excited.C．Surprised.13．Whichofthefollowingissafeforthehumanear?A．Thesoundofan85decibeltrain.B．Thesoundofan85decibelatwork.C．Thesoundofan85decibelfoodmixer.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．WhatisNancydoing?A．SurfingtheInternet.B．Doingherhomework.C．Readingnewspapers.15．HowlonghasAungThihaHanstudiedChinese?A．6years.B．11years.C．17years.16．HowdoesAungThihaHanmainlylearnChinese?A．Bywatchingvideos.B．Byreadingbooks.C．Bytakingclasses.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．WhatisChoi’snationality?A．American.B．Korean.C．French.18．WhatisChoi’sadvantageinlearningbreaking?A．Hergymnasticsbackground.B．Herparents’support.C．Hernaturalquality.19．WhatwasChoi’sjobaftergraduation?A．Acosmeticsexecutive.B．Ateacher.C．Acoach.20．WhendidChoiqualifyforthe2024ParisOlympics?A．In2021.B．In2022.C．In2023.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWORKINGINTHEUKManyinternationalstudentslearningEnglishintheUKhavethequestionofwhetherthey’llbeallowedtoworkintheUKduringtheirstudies.HereEnglishUKmayhelpyou.ShorttermstudentsShorttermstudentsarenotallowedtoworkintheUK.Thisruleappliesto:▲studentsstudyingforuptosixmonthsonastandardvisitorvisa▲nonvisanationalstudentsstudyingforuptosixmonthswithoutavisa▲studentswiththe11monthshorttermstudyvisaStudentswithastudentvisaStudentswhotakeafulltimecourseataneligible(符合條件的)institutiononastudentvisacansometimesworkparttimeintheUK.Theirpassportwilltellthemhowmanyhourstheycanworkperweek.StudentsshouldasktheirchoseninstitutiontofindoutorcontactusatEnglishUK.Ifstudentsareabletowork,theycanworkfor:▲maximum10hoursperweekforthecoursebelowdegreelevel▲maximum20hoursperweekforthecourseatdegreeleveloraboveInbothcases,studentscanworkfulltimeduringtheholidaysandafterthecourseuntiltheendofthevisaperiod.YouthMobilitySchemevisaStudentsaged18to30canapplyforaYouthMobilitySchemevisa.Thisvisaallowsthemtolive,workandstudyintheUKforuptotwoyears.YoucannotapplyifyouhavealreadybeenintheUKundertheschemeandyoucan’textendyourstay.VolunteeringAllstudents,includingshorttermstudents,canvolunteer.ThisisagreatopportunityforinternationalstudentstomeetlocalpeopleandpracticetheirEnglish.1.WhatistherequirementforastudentvisaholderwantingtoworkintheUK?A.Takingafulltimecourseinaqualifiedschool. B.Studyinginaschoolforuptosixmonths.C.Applyingforaworkingholidayvisa. D.Askinghischosenschoolforpermission.2.WhomighttakeajobintheUKfortwoyears?A.Studentswithadegree. B.Studentswithanextendedvisa.C.Studentswithastandardvisitorvisa. D.StudentswithaYouthMobilitySchemevisa.3.WhatcananinternationalstudentdointheUKifhetakesasummercoursethere?A.Workfor10hoursperweek. B.Volunteerinacharity.C.Workinaprivatepany. D.Workfulltimeafterthecourse.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了留學(xué)生在英國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)期間的工作問(wèn)題，包括短期學(xué)生、持學(xué)生簽證的學(xué)生、青年流動(dòng)計(jì)劃簽證持有者以及志愿者在英國(guó)工作的相關(guān)規(guī)定?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Studentswithastudentvisa部分中的“Studentswhotakeafulltimecourseataneligible(符合條件的)institutiononastudentvisacansometimesworkparttimeintheUK.(持學(xué)生簽證在符合資格的學(xué)校全日制學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生有時(shí)可以在英國(guó)兼職工作)”可知，想要在英國(guó)工作的學(xué)生簽證持有者需要在符合資格的學(xué)校全日制學(xué)習(xí)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YouthMobilitySchemevisa部分中的“Studentsaged18to30canapplyforaYouthMobilitySchemevisa.Thisvisaallowsthemtolive,workandstudyintheUKforuptotwoyears.(18至30歲的學(xué)生可以申請(qǐng)青年流動(dòng)計(jì)劃簽證。此簽證允許他們?cè)谟?guó)生活、工作和學(xué)習(xí)長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩年)”可知，持有青年流動(dòng)計(jì)劃簽證的學(xué)生可以在英國(guó)工作兩年。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Volunteering部分中的“Allstudents,includingshorttermstudents,canvolunteer.(所有學(xué)生，包括短期學(xué)生，都可以做志愿者)”可知，如果國(guó)際學(xué)生在英國(guó)參加夏季課程，他也可以做志愿者。故選B項(xiàng)。BZarelaMosquera,anativeofBrazil,haddevelopedadeepaffectionforartasachild.However,shenevertrulyregardeditasapossiblecareerpath.Astonishingly,herparents,contrarytoherexpectations,wholeheartedlyencouragedhertoapplytoartschools.Eventually,shewasacceptedintotheRhodeIslandSchoolofDesigntostudyindustrialdesign.Theacademicjourneywasfarfromeasy,filledwithdemandingtaskssuchasmetalworking,woodworking,andmodelmaking.Therewasevenaphasewhenshespentanentiremonthjustdrawingcubes,whichmadeherquestionherchoice.Butshesoldieredonandsoonbeganworkingonmorecaptivatingprojects.Currently,MosqueraservesasadesignstrategistforaprominentarchitectureandinteriordesignpanyinWashington,D.C.Inadditiontoherprofessionalmitments,sheharborsalongstandingandprofoundinterestinpublicart.Thisyear,sheplayedacrucialroleincreatinganddesigning“TheWalkway”fortheD.C.government.Thisuniquestructure,an11meterlongtunnellikecreation,narrowssharplyasonewalksthrough.Brightlightschangecolorsalongthepath.Onthewallsareimagesofpeople.Voicesandcitysoundsareplayedthroughspeakersinstalledinthewalkway.Atfirst,therecordedconversationsandstreetnoiseandpictureshaveapositivefeel.Buttheimagesandaudioincreaseinintensityalongthepath.Theexperiencebeesdarkandviolentinthemiddlepartofthewalkway.“Thepurposeofshowingthesetwodifferenthumanemotionsandhumanreactionsistoallowpeopletoreflectuponavarietyofdifferentexpressions,sothatbringsuptheconversationastowhatistherightwaytotalktoeachotherinapublicspace.Shouldwetalktoeachotheratall?Sopeoplearereallyquestioningthat.Andthat’swhatpublicartismeanttodo,”saidMosquera.ForMosquera,thephysicalexperienceofthisstructurehasafargreaterimpactthanmerelyviewingitonpaper.Inherfreetime,shedelightsindevelopingpublicart,firmlybelievingthatthebestwaytolearnisthroughhandsonworkandtakingonasmanyprojectsaspossible.Industrialdesign,inherview,makesherajackofalltrades.4.WhichoneisthetaskZarelaMosquerahadtododuringherindustrialdesigncourse?A.Writingessays. B.Doingcarpentrywork.C.Performingonstage. D.Givingpresentations.5.Whatdoweknowabout“TheWalkway”?A.Therearesoundsingfrompassersby.B.Theimagesonthewallsarefamousfigures.C.Itisintendedtomakepeoplethinkaboutpublicmunication.D.Thewholestructurecreatesanatmosphereofdarknessandviolence.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Industrialdesign,inherview,makesherajackofalltrades.”inthelastparagraphimply?A.Industrialdesignallowshertohaveawiderangeofskills.B.Industrialdesigndevelopsherinterestinpublicart.C.Industrialdesignmakesheramasteroftradingwithothers.D.Industrialdesigngivesheranopportunitytotakeonhandsonwork.7.WhatcanbeusedtodescribeZarelaMosquera?A.Responsibleandcautious. B.Determinedandcreative.C.Passionateandconsiderate. D.Ambitiousandproud.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了巴西人ZarelaMosquera的藝術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)和職業(yè)生涯?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中第一段提到“Theacademicjourneywasfarfromeasy,filledwithdemandingtaskssuchasmetalworking,woodworking,andmodelmaking.(學(xué)術(shù)之旅并不容易，充滿了苛刻的任務(wù)，如金屬加工，木工和模型制作)”可知，學(xué)業(yè)之旅包括金屬加工、木工和模型制作等艱巨的任務(wù)。woodworking(木工)即carpentrywork(木工活)，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第二段提到“Thepurposeofshowingthesetwodifferenthumanemotionsandhumanreactionsistoallowpeopletoreflectuponavarietyofdifferentexpressions,sothatbringsuptheconversationastowhatistherightwaytotalktoeachotherinapublicspace.(展示這兩種不同的人類(lèi)情感和人類(lèi)反應(yīng)的目的是讓人們反思各種不同的表達(dá)方式，從而引發(fā)人們?cè)诠部臻g中相互交談的正確方式)”可以推斷出“TheWalkway”是為了讓人們思考公共交流（C選項(xiàng)正確），A選項(xiàng)“聲音來(lái)自路人”錯(cuò)誤，且文中第二段提到“Voicesandcitysoundsareplayedthroughspeakersinstalledinthewalkway.(人聲和城市的聲音通過(guò)安裝在人行道上的揚(yáng)聲器播放)”，聲音來(lái)自安裝的揚(yáng)聲器。B選項(xiàng)“墻上都是著名人物的圖像”與文中第二段“Onthewallsareimagesofpeople.(墻上是人的畫(huà)像)”不符，文中未表明是著名人物，B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；文中第二段明確指出“Theexperiencebeesdarkandviolentinthemiddlepartofthewalkway.(在走道的中間部分，體驗(yàn)變得黑暗和暴力)”，這表明只是通道的中間部分有黑暗和暴力的感覺(jué)，而非整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)都營(yíng)造出這樣的氛圍，D選項(xiàng)“整個(gè)建筑營(yíng)造出一種黑暗和暴力的氛圍”錯(cuò)誤。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。文章最后一段“firmlybelievingthatthebestwaytolearnisthroughhandsonworkandtakingonasmanyprojectsaspossible(堅(jiān)信最好的學(xué)習(xí)方式是通過(guò)實(shí)踐工作和承擔(dān)盡可能多的項(xiàng)目)”也提到學(xué)習(xí)最好的方式是通過(guò)實(shí)操并且盡可能多地承擔(dān)很多的項(xiàng)目，說(shuō)明工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)讓她擁有廣泛的技能，成為多面手（a

jack

of

all

trades），可得出她能掌握多種技能，A選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)使她擁有廣泛的技能”正確，B選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)培養(yǎng)了她對(duì)公共藝術(shù)的興趣”，但是在文章中并沒(méi)有提到工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)與培養(yǎng)她對(duì)公共藝術(shù)興趣之間的關(guān)系。C選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)使她成為與他人交易的高手”，這是對(duì)“ajackofalltrades”的錯(cuò)誤理解，與原文意思完全不符。D選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)給她機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行實(shí)際操作”符合。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。從第一段中“Butshesoldieredonandsoonbeganworkingonmorecaptivatingprojects.(但她堅(jiān)持了下來(lái)，很快就開(kāi)始從事更吸引人的項(xiàng)目)”ZarelaMosquera在面對(duì)工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)課程的困難時(shí)堅(jiān)持下來(lái)以及第二段中“sheharborsalongstandingandprofoundinterestinpublicart.Thisyear,sheplayedacrucialroleincreatinganddesigning“TheWalkway”fortheD.C.government.(她對(duì)公共藝術(shù)有著長(zhǎng)期而深刻的興趣。今年，她在為華盛頓特區(qū)政府創(chuàng)作和設(shè)計(jì)“人行道”的過(guò)程中發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用)”提到她積極參與公共藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作，可看出她的堅(jiān)定和創(chuàng)造力。A選項(xiàng)“負(fù)責(zé)謹(jǐn)慎”、C選項(xiàng)“熱情體貼”、D選項(xiàng)“有抱負(fù)驕傲”在文中均未體現(xiàn)。故選B。CWhenvisitingadoctorafewyearsfromnow,youcanexpecttobeacpaniedbyavirtualversionofyourself.Thissocalleddigitaltwinwillbeaworkingmodelofyourbodythatcanbesummonedontoaphysician’sputerscreen.Updatedwithyourlatestvitalsigns,itwillhelpthedoctormakeanaccuratediagnosis.Italsoopensthedoorformedicinesandproceduresdesignedspecificallyforyou,greatlyincreasingrecoveryrates.AsourScience&technologysectionreports,digitaltwinsarestartingtopopupeverywhere.Amongotherthings,theymonitorthehealthofjetenginesonairliners,keeptrackofUber’snetworkofvehiclesandreplicateAmazon’sextensivesupplychainwellenoughfortheonlineretailertoforecastsalesseveralyearsahead.Theyarehelpinglocalauthoritiesrespondtotheeffectsoffloodingandlettingcarmakersshaveyearsoffthedevelopmentofnewmodelsbysimulatingtestdrivesandcrashes.Theideaofcreatingsymbolicrepresentationsofrealworldthingsiscenturiesold.Manyancientcivilisationsbuiltarchitecturalmodels,sometimestoplaceintotombsbutalsotoworkoutbowtobuildthings.Doubleentrybookkeeping,developedinthe15thcentury,wasapaperbasedrepresentationofamerchant’sfinances.ThePhillipsMachine,ahydraulicputerfromthe1940s,createdaphysical“twin”ofnationaleconomicflows.Today’sdigitaltwinsextendthisprocess,makingiteasierforhumanstotackleplexproblems.Theycanactasvirtualcrystalballs,allowingpeopletopeerintothefuture,spotproblemsbeforetheymaterialiseandtestwildideaswithoutrealworldconsequences.Digitaltwinsoffertheultimatesandboxinwhichcastlescanbebuiltandtestedbeforebeingmadereal.Couldthesevirtualmodelsgooutofcontrol?Theymightiftheyareprogrammedbadly,orhackedinto.Digitaltwinswillgatherupmountainsofdata,someofitwrong,someofitprejudicedandmuchofitraisingconcernsaboutprivacyandsurveillance.Thereisalsothedangeroftunnelvisionashumansrelymoreandmoreondigitaltwins—andmissthingsthatsensorsmightnotbeabletocapture.Yettheserisksarenotspecifictodigitaltwins.Theyapplytoall.8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesadigitaltwin?A.Atoymodel. B.Avideogame.C.Avirtualcopy. D.Adatabase.9.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Digitaltwinsareanewconceptintechnology.B.Symbolicrepresentationshaveevolvedovertime.C.ThePhillipsMachineistheearliestknownmodel.D.Symbolicrepresentationsofrealworldvaryinform.10.Howisadigitaltwinsimilartoasandbox?A.Theyallowtestingwithoutrealworldconsequences.B.Theyaremainlyusedforentertainmentpurposes.C.Theypredictthefuturewithoutrelyingondata.D.Theyhelpidentifyproblemsonlyaftertheyoccur.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Digitaltwinsaretooriskytoputintomarket.B.Therisksaremonacrossmanytechnologies.C.Digitaltwinscanbeappliedifperfectlyprogrammed.D.Digitaltwinsposefewerthreatsthanothertechnologies.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了數(shù)字孿生體的概念、應(yīng)用、歷史背景以及潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，旨在向讀者普及這一科技領(lǐng)域的新知識(shí)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thissocalleddigitaltwinwillbeaworkingmodelofyourbodythatcanbesummonedontoaphysician’sputerscreen.(這個(gè)所謂的數(shù)字孿生體將是你身體的一個(gè)工作模型，可以被調(diào)用到醫(yī)生的電腦屏幕上。)”可知，數(shù)字孿生體是一個(gè)虛擬的副本或模型。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theideaofcreatingsymbolicrepresentationsofrealworldthingsiscenturiesold.Manyancientcivilisationsbuiltarchitecturalmodels,sometimestoplaceintotombsbutalsotoworkoutbowtobuildthings.Doubleentrybookkeeping,developedinthe15thcentury,wasapaperbasedrepresentationofamerchant’sfinances.ThePhillipsMachine,ahydraulicputerfromthe1940s,createdaphysical“twin”ofnationaleconomicflows.(用符號(hào)來(lái)表示現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中的事物這一想法已有數(shù)百年歷史。許多古代文明都建造了建筑模型，有時(shí)是為了放入陵墓中，有時(shí)也是為了研究如何建造建筑。15世紀(jì)發(fā)展起來(lái)的復(fù)式記賬法，是商人財(cái)務(wù)狀況的一種紙質(zhì)表現(xiàn)形式。20世紀(jì)40年代的菲利普斯機(jī)器（PhillipsMachine）是一種水力計(jì)算機(jī)，它創(chuàng)建了國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)流動(dòng)的實(shí)體“孿生體”。)”可知，本段中作者接著通過(guò)舉古代文明建造建筑模型、15世紀(jì)發(fā)展的復(fù)式記賬法以及20世紀(jì)40年代的菲利普斯機(jī)器等例子，來(lái)說(shuō)明符號(hào)表示法隨著時(shí)間的推移在不斷地發(fā)展和演變。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theycanactasvirtualcrystalballs,allowingpeopletopeerintothefuture,spotproblemsbeforetheymaterialiseandtestwildideaswithoutrealworldconsequences.Digitaltwinsoffertheultimatesandboxinwhichcastlescanbebuiltandtestedbeforebeingmadereal.(它們可以充當(dāng)虛擬的水晶球，讓人們窺視未來(lái)，在問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)之前就發(fā)現(xiàn)它們，并測(cè)試那些不會(huì)產(chǎn)生現(xiàn)實(shí)后果的大膽想法。數(shù)字孿生體提供了一個(gè)終極的“沙盒”，人們可以在其中建造和測(cè)試城堡，然后再將其變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。)”可知，數(shù)字孿生與沙盒的相似之處在于它們都允許人們?cè)诓划a(chǎn)生現(xiàn)實(shí)后果的情況下進(jìn)行測(cè)試。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thereisalsothedangeroftunnelvisionashumansrelymoreandmoreondigitaltwins—andmissthingsthatsensorsmightnotbeabletocapture.Yettheserisksarenotspecifictodigitaltwins.Theyapplytoall.(此外，隨著人類(lèi)越來(lái)越依賴(lài)數(shù)字孿生體，還存在視野狹隘的危險(xiǎn)——可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)傳感器無(wú)法捕捉到的東西。然而，這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并非數(shù)字孿生體所特有，而是普遍存在的。)”以及整段內(nèi)容可知，最后一段提到數(shù)字孿生體可能帶來(lái)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，如數(shù)據(jù)錯(cuò)誤、隱私泄露和視野狹隘等，但同時(shí)也指出這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并不是數(shù)字孿生體獨(dú)有的，而是許多技術(shù)都可能面臨的問(wèn)題。因此，我們可以推斷出這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在許多技術(shù)中都普遍存在。故選B。DIn2022,theFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)announceditwouldletsomehearingaidsbesoldoverthecounterforthefirsttime,amovethatwillmakethedevicesmuchmorewidelyavailableand,inalllikelihood,significantlycheaper.It’samovethathasbeenincreasinglyimportant,ashearinglossisexpectedtorisesharplyintheingtenyears.TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatby2030,nearly630millionpeopleworldwidewillsufferfromhearingloss.By2050,thatcouldjumpto900million.Theacteswithsomelimitations.Devicesforsevere(重度的)hearinglossandthoseintendedforuseonchildrenundertheageof18willstillrequireaprescription(處方).Butforthemillionswhosufferfrommildtomoderate(輕度到中度的)hearingloss,pickingupahearingaidcouldbeaboutaseasyaspickingupapairofreadingglassesatthedrugstore.Theywon’tbequitethatcheap,ofcourse,buttheywilllikelycostlessthantoday’shearingaids.TheFDAestimatedthepriceofthosedevicescouldbecutinhalfoncetheruletakeseffect.“Iseriouslybelievethatwewillseeasignificantreductioninpricesforconsumerswithmildtomoderatehearingloss,”saidBlakeCadwell,founderandCEOofSoundly,asitethatallowspeopletopareandbuyhearingaidsonline.“ExpectsimpleproductsliketheBoseB1hearingaidtogoonsalefor$899andmoreexpensivedevicestosellfor$1,500.Inthelongterm,wemayseeevenlowerprices.”“HearinglossisanimportantpublichealthissuethataffectstheabilityofmillionsofAmericanstoeffectivelymunicateintheirdailylife,”saidFDAmissionerRobertM.Califf,MD.“Establishingthisnewrulewillallowpeoplewithmildtomoderatehearinglosstohaveconvenientaccesstosafe,effective,andaffordablehearingaidsfromtheirneighborhoodstoreoronline.”12.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisideainparagraph2?A.Byprovidingdata.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bystatingarguments.D.Bymakingparisons.13.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewrule?A.Itlimitsonlinesalesofhearingaids.B.Itrequiresnoprescriptionforalltypesofdevices.C.Itprimarilyaimstodiscouragepeoplefromusinghearingaids.D.Itdirectlybenefitspeopleover18withmildtomoderatehearingloss.14.WhatisBlakeCadwell’sattitudetowardthefuturepricereductionofhearingaids?A.Reserved. B.Confident. C.Uncertain. D.Concerned.15.Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ConsumerEnthusiasm:TheRisingDemandforHearingAids.B.OvertheCounterHearingAids:Critics’WarningoftheRisksC.AccessibilityConcerns:TheTrueCostofFDA’sHearingAidChangesD.AffordableOvertheCounterHearingAids:FDA’sGameChangingMove【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹的是美國(guó)食品和藥物管理局（FDA）宣布，將首次允許一些助聽(tīng)器在非處方銷(xiāo)售，此舉將使助聽(tīng)器更廣泛地獲得，而且很可能大大便宜?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“It’samovethathasbeenincreasinglyimportant,ashearinglossisexpectedtorisesharplyintheingtenyears.(這一舉措變得越來(lái)越重要，因?yàn)槁?tīng)力損失預(yù)計(jì)將在未來(lái)十年急劇上升。)”以及下文中的“TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatby2030,nearly630millionpeopleworldwidewillsufferfromhearingloss.By2050,thatcouldjumpto900million.(世界衛(wèi)生組織警告說(shuō)，到2030年，全球?qū)⒂薪?.3億人患有聽(tīng)力損失。到2050年，這一數(shù)字可能躍升至9億。)”可知，由于聽(tīng)力損失預(yù)計(jì)在未來(lái)十年將急劇上升，進(jìn)而在下文中列舉了相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)，由此可知，本段是通過(guò)列舉數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)支持他的觀點(diǎn)的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Devicesforsevere(重度的)hearinglossandthoseintendedforuseonchildrenundertheageof18willstillrequireaprescription(處方).Butforthemillionswhosufferfrommildtomoderate(輕度到中度的)hearingloss,pickingupahearingaidcouldbeaboutaseasyaspickingupapairofreadingglassesatthedrugstore.(用于嚴(yán)重聽(tīng)力損失的設(shè)備和用于18歲以下兒童的設(shè)備仍然需要處方。但對(duì)于數(shù)百萬(wàn)患有輕度至中度聽(tīng)力損失的人來(lái)說(shuō)，挑選助聽(tīng)器可能就像在藥店買(mǎi)一副老花鏡一樣容易。)”可知，聽(tīng)力嚴(yán)重受損的以及18歲以下兒童使用該設(shè)備仍需處方，而輕度以及中度聽(tīng)力受損的人買(mǎi)助聽(tīng)器將會(huì)變得很容易，由此可知，這一新規(guī)直接使18歲以上輕度到中度聽(tīng)力損失的人受益。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的““Iseriouslybelievethatwewillseeasignificantreductioninpricesforconsumerswithmildtomoderatehearingloss,”saidBlakeCadwell,founderandCEOofSoundly,asitethatallowspeopletopareandbuyhearingaidsonline.(Soundly網(wǎng)站的創(chuàng)始人兼首席執(zhí)行官BlakeCadwell說(shuō)：“我真的相信，對(duì)于輕度到中度聽(tīng)力損失的消費(fèi)者來(lái)說(shuō)，我們將看到價(jià)格大幅下降?！盨oundly網(wǎng)站允許人們?cè)诰€比較和購(gòu)買(mǎi)助聽(tīng)器。)”可知，BlakeCadwell相信對(duì)于輕度到中度聽(tīng)力損失的消費(fèi)者來(lái)說(shuō)，將看到價(jià)格大幅下降，由此可知，BlakeCadwell對(duì)未來(lái)助聽(tīng)器降價(jià)的態(tài)度是有信心的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“In2022,theFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)announceditwouldletsomehearingaidsbesoldoverthecounterforthefirsttime,amovethatwillmakethedevicesmuchmorewidelyavailableand,inalllikelihood,significantlycheaper.(2022年，美國(guó)食品和藥物管理局（FDA）宣布，將首次允許一些助聽(tīng)器在非處方銷(xiāo)售，此舉將使助聽(tīng)器更廣泛地獲得，而且很可能大大便宜。)”以及下文中介紹的該新規(guī)的制定將給輕度和中度聽(tīng)力受損患者帶來(lái)的便利可知，本文主要講述的是關(guān)于助聽(tīng)器使用的新規(guī)將幫助更多聽(tīng)力受損患者可以買(mǎi)得起助聽(tīng)器，所以題目“可負(fù)擔(dān)的非處方助聽(tīng)器：FDA改變游戲規(guī)則的舉措”可以概括全文的主題，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Tidyingyourdesk,wateringyourplantsorfoldinglaundry—thesehouseholdchoresarehardlytheheightofhedonism(享樂(lè)主義).____16____.Psychologistssuggesttherearemanypotentialmechanismsthatmightexplaintheperfectpleasureofputtering(慢條斯理地做).Theymaywellencourageyoutoengageinitmoreoften.PleasantdistractionsOnthesurfacelevel,putteringmaybeusefulbecauseitoccupiesthemind,sothatwegivefewerresourcestothethingsthatareworryingus.Forinstance,wemayfindhouseholdtaskscanhelpusfocusonthepresentmoment.Peoplepletingthesesmalltasksoftenreportasignificantlybettermood.____17____,asiftheimmersion(沉浸)inthesimpleactivityhadrefreshedtheirminds.____18____Unlikeotherdistractingactivities—suchasplayingputergamesorwatchingtrashyTV—putteringalsohastheadvantageofbeingpositiveanduseful,increasingour“perceivedcontrol”.Whenwefeelanxious,asenseofhelplessnesscanheightenthephysiologicalstressresponse,increasinglevelsofhormones.Ideally,wewoulddealdirectlywiththeupsettingsituationitself.Butresearchsuggestswecangainaperceptionofcontrolfromactivitiesthatmayhavelittleeffectonthesituationthat’sbotheringus.Tidyroom,focusedmind____19____.Ifyourputteringtakestheformoforganizinganddecluttering(清理),youmayfindthatthetidierenvironmentisitselfaformoffort.Tosummarize,ifweseeorderoutside,ithelpsustofeelabitlesschaoticinside.____20____.A.BeingpowerfulB.AfeelingofcontrolC.ThebenefitsdonotendthereD.WewillfeelgreatanxietyinourmindE.Thisincludedreducednervousnessandevenasenseof“inspiration”F.ItisfortingbecauseitmakeslifeeasiertomanageandmorepredictableG.Yetweoftenfindourselvesseekingpleasureandfortinsmallrepetitivetasks【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.C20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了家務(wù)活等簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)任務(wù)如何通過(guò)提供心理上的慰藉、增強(qiáng)控制感和整理環(huán)境來(lái)改善人的心情和減輕壓力?！?6題詳解】上文“Tidyingyourdesk,wateringyourplantsorfoldinglaundry—thesehouseholdchoresarehardlytheheightofhedonism(享樂(lè)主義).(整理辦公桌、澆花或疊衣服——這些家務(wù)活并不是享樂(lè)主義的最高境界)”說(shuō)明家務(wù)活并不是典型的享樂(lè)行為?？仗幒颓拔男纬赊D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，并且引出下文。G項(xiàng)中的yet為轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，“seekingpleasureandfortinsmallrepetitivetasks”和下文“mightexplaintheperfectpleasureofputtering(慢條斯理地做)”相呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明盡管家務(wù)活并不是享樂(lè)主義的最高境界，但是人們還是會(huì)在這些瑣碎的任務(wù)中找到樂(lè)趣。所以G項(xiàng)“然而，我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在重復(fù)的小任務(wù)中尋求快樂(lè)和安慰”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?7題詳解】上文“Peoplepletingthesesmalltasksoftenreportasignificantlybettermood.(完成這些小任務(wù)的人通常會(huì)報(bào)告心情明顯好轉(zhuǎn))”以及下文“asiftheimmersion(沉浸)inthesimpleactivityhadrefreshedtheirminds.(仿佛沉浸在簡(jiǎn)單的活動(dòng)中讓他們精神煥發(fā))”說(shuō)明完成家務(wù)小任務(wù)會(huì)讓人心情明顯好轉(zhuǎn)?？仗庍M(jìn)一步說(shuō)明心情變好的具體表現(xiàn)。E項(xiàng)中的“reducednervousnessandevenasenseof“inspiration””和上文中的“asignificantlybettermood”相呼應(yīng)，也和下文的“refreshedtheirminds”相呼應(yīng)，所以E項(xiàng)“這包括減少了緊張感，甚至有一種“靈感”的感覺(jué)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?8題詳解】下文“Unlikeotherdistractingactivities—suchasplayingputergamesorwatchingtrashyTV—putteringalsohastheadvantageofbeingpositiveanduseful,increasingour“perceivedcontrol”.(不像其他分散注意力的活動(dòng)——比如玩電腦游戲或看低質(zhì)量的電視節(jié)目——慢條斯理地做事情也有其積極和有用的一面，能增加我們的“感知控制力”)”以及“Butresearchsuggestswecangainaperceptionofcontrolfromactivitiesthatmayhavelittleeffectonthesituationthat’sbotheringus.(但研究表明，我們可以從對(duì)困擾我們的情況影響不大的活動(dòng)中獲得控制感)”說(shuō)明與其他分散注意力的活動(dòng)相比，慢條斯理地做事還具有積極和有用的優(yōu)勢(shì)，可以增加我們的“感知控制”。所以B項(xiàng)“控制的感覺(jué)”適合作本段的主旨句。故選B?！?9題詳解】標(biāo)題“Tidyroom,focusedmind(整潔的房間，專(zhuān)注的思維)”以及下文“Ifyourputteringtakestheformoforganizinganddecluttering(清理),youmayfindthatthetidierenvironmentisitselfaformoffort.(如果你的慢條斯理表現(xiàn)為整理和去雜亂，你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，整潔的環(huán)境本身就是一種安慰)”說(shuō)明整潔的環(huán)境能讓人專(zhuān)注，而且如果你的慢條斯理表現(xiàn)為整理和去雜亂，整潔的環(huán)境本身就是一種安慰。所以空處承上啟下，既總結(jié)了標(biāo)題提到的好處，也引出下文中其它的好處。所以C項(xiàng)“好處不僅僅于此”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?0題詳解】上文“Tosummarize,ifweseeorderoutside,ithelpsustofeelabitlesschaoticinside.(總結(jié)來(lái)說(shuō)，如果我們看到外界是有序的，這會(huì)幫助我們感覺(jué)到內(nèi)心不那么混亂)”說(shuō)明整潔的外部環(huán)境能帶來(lái)內(nèi)心的平靜?？仗庬樈忧拔模M(jìn)一步說(shuō)明整潔的外部環(huán)境帶來(lái)的好處。F項(xiàng)“這讓人感到安慰，因?yàn)樗股罡菀坠芾砬腋呖深A(yù)測(cè)性”符合語(yǔ)境，it指代前文中提到的“orderoutside”。故選F。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后面各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Duetogiantchainwarehouses’(連鎖貨站)overwhelmingpricesuperiority,thelocalfamilyownedPark’sHardwarehardlyhasspaceforprofitandeventuallycloseddown.IbitterlyrecalledthetimewhenIwasexploringthemazy(迷宮般的)shelvesinachainwarehouseforawirelessdoorbellthatPark’sdidn’t____21____.Ifinallyfoundthething,butdidn’tunderstandthetiponthepackage:“Redlightindicatesconditionofbattery.”Luckily,I____22____aclerkinbrightlycoloredworksuitsandwentup,“Excuseme,”Isaid,holdingthe____23____out,“Ican’tseemtofindthelight.”Themantookthepackage,____24____it,and,puttingitbackinmyhand,said,“Sorry,sir,NeithercanI,”beforehewalkedaway.I____25____thisexperiencewithoneI____26____hadatPark’s,inwhichIwouldwalkintothestoreholdingapileofmetalandplasticpiecesinmy____27____hands.“Lin,...”Iheldouttheofferingbeforehim,“canyou...”Andquickerthanonecouldsay,“l(fā)ittleredlight,”Lin,theyoungshopkeeperspranginto____28____andtogetherwemixed,matchedandmeasureduntilthe____29____wasfound.Icouldbuya_____30_____screwatPark’s,andhaveitlovinglyplacedinalittlebag,forapenny—nochargefortheacpanying_____31_____conversation.AtachainwarehouseIhadno_____32_____buttobuyaboxofscrews,and,ifIwere_____33_____,receivethewordsatthecashcounter:“Haveaniceday.”ButIdon’twantaboxofahundredscrewswhenallIneedisone.Ijustwanttoknowthe_____34_____ofthelittleredlight,andnowthatPark’sis_____35_____,IrealizethatIneverwill.21.A.carry B.belong C.exist D.buy22.A.visited B.spotted C.caught D.watched23.A.battery B.hand C.screw D.item24.A.shook B.arranged C.held D.examined25.A.share B.imagine C.contrast D.connect26.A.routinely B.suddenly C.differently D.basically27.A.frozen B.empty C.delicate D.cupped28.A.laughter B.action C.anger D.position29.A.approach B.idea C.solution D.puzzle30.A.tiny B.strange C.fine D.single31.A.public B.pleasant C.traditional D.unfinished32.A.decision B.alternative C.method