2024-2025學年高中英語Module4GreatScientistsSectionⅠIntroductionReadingandVocabulary學案含解析外研版必修4

PAGEModule4GreatScientistseq\o(\s\up7(SectionⅠ),\s\do5())eq\o(\s\up7(Introduction，ReadingandVocabulary),\s\do5())Ⅰ.重點單詞1．producern．生產(chǎn)者→producev．生產(chǎn)→productionn．產(chǎn)量2．leadingadj.主要的→leadv．帶領(lǐng)；率領(lǐng)3．educatevt.教化→educationn．教化4．a(chǎn)griculturen．農(nóng)業(yè)→agriculturaladj.農(nóng)業(yè)的5．originaladj.原來的；最初的→originallyadv.最初，原先→originn．起源，開端；出身，血統(tǒng)6．supportvt.&n．支持→supportern7．convertvt.變更；轉(zhuǎn)換→conversionn．轉(zhuǎn)變；轉(zhuǎn)換8．exportvt.出口→importvt.進口Ⅱ.重點短語1．bringup培育，哺育；吐出2．beinterestedin對……感愛好3．thekeyto...……的關(guān)鍵4．experimentwith用……做試驗5．searchfor找尋，搜尋6．bringin引入，掙得7．a(chǎn)saresultof由于……的結(jié)果8．convertto...轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?．referto提及；查閱；涉及10．reactwith與……發(fā)生反應1．leadingadj.主要的HewasofferedtheleadingroleinthenewTVseries.他應邀在那部新電視連續(xù)劇中扮演主角。Sheisoneoftheleadingwritersofherday.她是她那個時代最重要的作家之一。leadv．領(lǐng)導；率領(lǐng)；指揮n．[U]領(lǐng)導；領(lǐng)先地位takethelead帶頭，領(lǐng)先Hetooktheleadintheactivity.2．figuren．[C]人物；體形；圖案；畫像；數(shù)字HeisanimportantpoliticalfigureinIndianhistory.他是印度歷史上一位重要的政治人物。She'salwayshadagoodfigure.她一向體態(tài)秀美。Thewallwascoveredwithfiguresofbirdsandflowers.墻上滿是鳥和花的圖形。Thefigureofthefiguresonshowis108.所展出的畫像數(shù)目是108。圖解figure的一詞多義：putafigureon...精確說出……的數(shù)額figureout計算出Hedidn'tfigureoutwhyhewasturneddown.3．educatevt.教化It'sadifficulttasktoeducatechildren.教化孩子是一項艱難的任務。Hehasbeeneducatedatcollege.他接受過高校教化。Shewasbroughtupbyhergrandmotherandeducatedatthelocalschool.她是由祖母撫養(yǎng)大的，在當?shù)匾凰鶎W校上的學。educationn．[U]教化educatedadj.受過教化的；有教養(yǎng)的educationaladj.教化的；有教化意義的Hereceivedhiseducation(educate)inalocalschool.4．originaladj.原來的；最初的；新奇的；獨特的TheoriginalownerofthehousewasDukeWellington.這房子原來的主子是威靈頓公爵。Ouroriginalplanwasn'tverygood.我們最初的安排不太好。修飾original可以用副詞very,highly等。That'snotaveryoriginalsuggestion.那個建議沒什么新意。originn．[U，C]起源；源頭Heabandonedhisoriginal(origin)plan.5．breakthroughn．[C](學問或技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的重大)突破Animportantbreakthroughinmedicalresearchhasbeenachieved.醫(yī)學探討已取得了重大突破。ChinamadeagreatbreakthroughintheHanDynastyinprinting.漢朝時中國在印刷術(shù)上取得重大突破。breakdown損壞→breakdownn．故障putout生產(chǎn)；輸出→outputn．產(chǎn)量；輸出comeout出現(xiàn)；結(jié)果是→outcomen．結(jié)果；后果Hemadeabreakthroughinhisstudies.6．supportvt./n.[U，C]支持；支撐Theysupportedeachother.他們相互支持。Thegovernmentsupportedtheseorganisationsinraisingmoneyforthehomeless.政府支持這些機構(gòu)為無家可歸的人籌集善款。Thepostssupporttheroof.這些柱子支撐著房頂。Hespokeinsupportoftheplan.他發(fā)言支持這項安排。supportsb.in(doing)sth.支持某人(做)某事insupportof支持……Allofusareinsupportofyourplan.7．exportv．/n.[C，U]出口(商品)TheUnitedStatesexportssoybeans.美國出口大豆。WoolisoneofthemajorexportsofAustralia.羊毛是澳大利亞的主要出口產(chǎn)品之一。飛機場(airport)又叫“航空港”。[熟詞]airport→[生詞]port港口→[生詞]export[ex-(出)＋port]v．/n.出口(商品)Freshfruitisoneoftheirexports(export)．8．replacevt.取代；以……代替Cananythingreplaceamother'sloveandcare?有什么東西能取代母親的愛與關(guān)懷嗎？Ireplacedtheworn-outtireswith/bynewones.我用新輪胎替換了磨損不堪的舊輪胎。replace...with/by以……代替/替換taketheplaceof代替takeone'splace代替；就座inplaceof代替(介詞短語，后不接v.-ing形式)Hetooktheplaceofhisbosswhilehewasaway.9．quantityn．[U，C]數(shù)量Heboughtalargequantityofbooks.他買了大量的書。Shehasquantitiesofbeautifulclothes.她有很多美麗的衣服。It'scheapertobuygoodsinlargequantities.大批量購貨比較便宜。a(large)quantityof...＝(large)quantitiesof...很多……；大量……inquantity＝inlargequantities大量地largequantitiesof既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可修飾不行數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。quantity,number,amountquantity指“數(shù)量”，與可數(shù)名詞或不行數(shù)名詞連用皆可。number指“數(shù)”，與可數(shù)名詞連用。amount指“量”，與不行數(shù)名詞連用。Aquantityofwaterhasbeenstored.已經(jīng)存儲了大量的水。Anumberofvisitorshavebeenthere.那里已有大量的游客。Alargeamountofmoneyhasbeenraised.已經(jīng)籌集了大量的錢。Largequantitiesofwaterare(be)needed.10．convertvt.變更；轉(zhuǎn)換Thesolarcellcanconverttheenergyofsunlightintoelectricenergy.太陽能電池能把陽光的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。Theroomwasconvertedfromasittingroomtoabedroom.這個房間由客廳改裝成了臥房。convertsth.(fromsth.)into/tosth.把……(從……)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤璫onvertsb.fromsth.tosth.使人變更，轉(zhuǎn)變信仰Mydaughterhasconvertedmefromoperatopopmusic.我女兒使我從喜愛歌劇轉(zhuǎn)而喜愛流行音樂。Theyconvertedtheoldcinemaintoatheatre.1．Withthefastdevelopmentofeconomy，alotoffarmlandswereconverted(convert)toindustrial，residentialorotheruses.解析：convert變更，轉(zhuǎn)變。句意：隨著經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展，大量農(nóng)田被轉(zhuǎn)化為工業(yè)、住宅或其他用地。2．Itjusthappensthatweneedafewsalesmennowtoreplace(place)thosewhoareonholiday.解析：句意：現(xiàn)在趕巧我們須要幾位銷售人員代替那些正在度假的。replace“取代；以……代替”。3．Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alargequantityofdeserthas(have)coveredtheland.解析：句意：由于森林被破壞，大片的沙漠覆蓋了田地。alargequantityof后既可接可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式，也可接不行數(shù)名詞；aquantityof...作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。4．Ihopeyouwillsupportmeinmyeffortstodiscoverthetruth.解析：句意：我希望在我努力找尋事情真相的時候，你可以支持我。support“支持”，supportsb.insth.“支持某人做某事”。5．Thefallinexport(port)hadagreateffectonthecountry'seconomy.解析：句意：出口量的下降對這個國家的經(jīng)濟有很大的影響。export“出口”。6．Wehavetosaythattheteacherhasdonehisbesttoeducate(education)andsavehim.解析：句意：我們不得不說老師對他的教化挽救可謂不遺余力。educate“教化”。7．Hisoriginal(origin)nameisdifferentfromthisonenow.解析：句意：他的原名不同于現(xiàn)在的這個。original“原來的；最初的”。8．Scientistshavemadeamajorbreakthrough(break)inthetreatmentofthisdisease.解析：句意：科學家在治療這種疾病方面取得了重大突破。breakthrough“突破”。9．Jimisactiveandheoftenplaysaleading(lead)partinmanykindsofactivitiesinourclass.解析：句意：吉姆特別主動，常常在我們班的各種活動中發(fā)揮主要作用。leading“主要的”。10．Asaleadingfigureinthefieldofscience,YangZhenningattendedtheimportantmeeting.解析：句意：作為科學界的一個主要人物，楊振寧參與了那個重要的會議。figure在此句中意為“人物”。1．bringup培育；哺育；提出；拿出；嘔吐Inmyday,childrenwerebroughtuptorespectthelaw.在我小的時候，孩子們都接受教化要遵遵守法律律。Hewasbroughtupbyhisgrandparents.他是由祖父母撫養(yǎng)大的。Whydidyouhavetobringupthesubjectofmoney?你為什么非要提錢這個話題？Hebroughtupallhisdinner.他把吃的飯全吐出來了。bringabout引導；導致；致使bringforward提出bringin產(chǎn)生；獲利，賺錢，引進bringout使顯現(xiàn)；闡釋；說明；出版bringdown降低①ThefilmbroughtbackmychildhoodwhenIcouldgoouttoplayintheevening.②Hewasbroughtupbyhisuncleafterhisparentsdied.③Hecanbringin5,000yuanamonthinthatcompany.④Thegovernmentistakingmeasurestobringdownthehousingprice.⑤Hercarelessnessbroughtabouttheaccident.2．a(chǎn)saresultof由于……的結(jié)果Asaresultoftheflood,thousandsofpeoplelosttheirhomes.由于洪災，成千上萬的人失去了家園。Shewonthescholarshipasaresultofherhardwork.由于學習努力，她獲得了獎學金。asaresult,asaresultofasaresult意為“作為結(jié)果；因此”，后面的部分表示結(jié)果。asaresultof意為“作為……的結(jié)果；由于”，of后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞，表示緣由。(a)Theconditionswerepoor.Asaresult,asit-downstrikebegan.＝(b)Asit-downstrikebeganasaresultofthepoorconditions.由于條件太差，結(jié)果發(fā)生了靜坐罷工。①Asaresultofthetrafficjam,hewaslateagain.②Hiscarelessnessresultedinthecaraccident.③Theaccidentresultedfromthefog.3．thekeyto...……的關(guān)鍵，……的要點That'sthekeytosolvingtheproblem.那是解決問題的關(guān)鍵。Theweatherholdsthekeytooursuccessorfailure.我們的勝利與失敗取決于天氣。theanswertothequestion問題的答案thekeytothedoor門的鑰匙notestothetext課本注釋anendtothemeeting會議的結(jié)束theentrancetothebuilding大廈的入口Thekeytowinning(win)thegameistoteamup.1．Thekeyto_winning(win)thegameisyourdetermination.解析：thekeytodoingsth.。2．Brought(bring)upinapoorfamily,Alicestudiesveryhard.解析：句意：愛麗絲成長在一個貧困的家庭，她學習特別努力。bringup“培育；哺育”，此處用其過去分詞作狀語，表示被動。3．Asaresultofherhardworkandmuchpractice,JoanwonthefirstplaceintheEnglishspeakingcontest.解析：句意：由于她的努力訓練，瓊在英語演講競賽中得了一等獎。asaresultof“由于……的結(jié)果”。4．Iwassocarelessintheexam.Asaresult,Imadesomanymistakes.解析：句意：考試時我太馬虎了，結(jié)果犯了如此多的錯誤。asaresult“因此”。1．Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.他認為養(yǎng)活世人的關(guān)鍵是更多更快地生產(chǎn)水稻。tohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly是動詞不定式作表語。Hisaimistogetthefirstplace.他的目標是獲得第一名。Myaimisto_win(win)thegame.2．ItsyieldismuchgreaterthantheyieldofothertypesofricegrowninPakistan.它的產(chǎn)量遠高于巴基斯坦種植的其他種類的水稻。(1)greaterthantheyieldofothertypes用比較級表示最高級含義。(2)growninPakistan為過去分詞短語作定語，相當于定語從句whicharegrowninPakistan。用比較級形式表示最高級含義的幾種形式：(1)比較級＋than＋anyother＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)Janeistallerthananyothergirlinherclass.簡比她們班里其他任何一個女孩都高。(2)比較級＋than＋anyoftheother＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)Janeistallerthananyoftheothergirlsinherclass.簡比她們班里其他任何一個女孩都高。(3)比較級＋than＋all(the)other＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)Janeistallerthanall(the)othergirlsinherclass.簡比她們班里其他任何一個女孩都高。(4)比較級＋than＋anyoneelseJaneistallerthananyoneelseinherclass.簡比她們班里其他任何一個女孩都高。(5)比較級＋than＋therestof＋復數(shù)名詞或不行數(shù)名詞Janeistallerthantherestofgirlsinherclass.簡比她們班里其他任何一個女孩都高。Heisyounger(young)thanme.3．make＋賓語＋done使……被……Helenhadtoshoutabovethesoundofmusictomakeherselfheard.海倫不得不提高聲音壓過音樂以便讓大家聽到她說話。Thatforeignstrangerhadtoexplainonceandagaintomakehimselfunderstood.那個外國人不得不一遍一遍地說明以便人們能夠理解他的意思。makesb.dosth.使某人做某事Thisbossmadehisworkersworkalldaybutpaidthempoorly.這個老板讓他的工人成天工作，但是給他們的酬勞卻很低。Hemadehishouserepaired(repair)twodaysago.1．Hewasbusyallthenighttomaketheworkfinished(finish)．解析：句意：他忙了一整晚，為了把工作做完。maketheworkfinished“使工作被做完”。finished是過去分詞作make結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語補足語。2．Theboyrunsfasterthananyotherboyinhisclass.解析：本題考查在同一范圍之內(nèi)比較應當用“比較級＋thananyother＋單數(shù)名詞”。3．Thatistheonlywaywecanimagineto_reduce(reduce)theoveruseofwaterinstudents'bathrooms.解析：thewaytodosth.做……的方法。4．Thekeytowinningthegameisto_train(train)hard.解析：動詞不定式作表語。Ⅰ.語法填空TheChinesescientist,YuanLongping,isa__1__(lead)figureintherice-growingworld.Hewasbornandbrought__2__inChina.__3__aboyhewas__4__(educate)inmanyschools.Hestudiedagricultureincollege.Asayoungteacherhebegan__5__(experiment)incropbreeding.Hethoughtthatthekeyto__6__(feed)peoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.Aftermanyyears'hardwork,