2025屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)30閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題考點(diǎn)歸納

考點(diǎn)30閱讀理解細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題高考頻度：★★★★★在歷年高考閱讀理解中，對(duì)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解類題型的考查同往年一樣，依舊占了較大的比例，全國及各省、市均有對(duì)此題型的考查，無一例外。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題要求考生對(duì)閱讀材料中的某一具體事實(shí)和細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行理解。它們大都是依據(jù)文章中的具體信息如事實(shí)、例證、緣由、過程、論述等進(jìn)行提問的。有些問題可以在文章中干脆找到答案，有些則須要我們?cè)诶斫獾幕A(chǔ)上將有關(guān)內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)化才能找到，比如計(jì)算、排序、是非推斷、圖形比較等。常見的命題方式通常有：1.特殊疑問句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑問詞開頭引出的問題；2.以是非題的形式。true/false,nottrue/false或EXCEPT，近年這種題型較少；3.以Accordingto…開頭提問方式；4.以填空題的形式，如：（1）Toavoidattractingmountainlions,peopleareadvised________.（2）Bythefirstsentenceofthepassageauthormeansthat________.（3）Itseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydependsmuchon________.（4）Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople’slifewillbe,youmayvisit________.（5）Thepolicemenweretold“tolooktheotherway”(theunderlinedpartinParagraph2)sothat________.（6）Thepolicemanwhosaid“Goodevening”toRollswantedto________.5.就文中數(shù)字、排序、識(shí)圖等提問。做細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，大多數(shù)學(xué)生易出現(xiàn)的問題是閱讀速度太慢，缺乏肯定的快速閱讀技巧，考生要培育自己快速獲得信息的實(shí)力。解答此類試題時(shí)，不必通篇細(xì)看原文，而常?？蓪?shí)行“帶著問題找答案”的方法．先從問題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語。然后以此為線索。要快速地分辨和記憶事實(shí)或細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，就要恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中找尋與此問題相關(guān)的段落、語句．細(xì)致品嘗，比照比較．確定答案。除了運(yùn)用掃讀法(scanning)外，還可以兼用解除法．將“無此細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)”和“與此細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)相反”的選項(xiàng)解除。了解細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)也有助于考生提高答題的正確率。一般狀況下，干擾項(xiàng)有如下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：（1）是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容；（2）符合常識(shí)，但不是文章內(nèi)容；（3）與原文的內(nèi)容極其相像，只是在程度上有些變動(dòng)；（4）在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反；（5）部分正確，部分錯(cuò)誤。有的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題只要干脆分辨不要求讀者對(duì)客觀的事實(shí)作出說明或推斷，只要求從閱讀材料中干脆獲得信息。同時(shí)還要求讀者記住重要細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，在必要的時(shí)候（做推斷、推斷或結(jié)論的時(shí)候）能夠精確而快速地將他們回憶起來。解此類題要求考生快速抓住原文中的關(guān)鍵信息，干脆得出答案，但要留意往往答案與原文中的語句并非一模一樣，而是用不同的詞語或句型結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)相同的意思。有的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題就須要通過有關(guān)詞語和句子的轉(zhuǎn)換。利用主要事實(shí)、圖表、圖形來獲得信息，然后利用因果、類比、時(shí)間、空間等關(guān)系將零碎的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)經(jīng)過一系列加工、整理，方能做出正確的推斷．此類試題在高考中占大多數(shù)。值得一提的是，有時(shí)原文中的信息可能只是一個(gè)短語，甚至一個(gè)單詞，因此須要我們?cè)陂喿x中特殊細(xì)致才能捕獲到真正有用的信息。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題大致有如下幾種?？碱}型：題型一描寫類細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題描寫類細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，常?？疾榭忌鷮?duì)文中有關(guān)人物動(dòng)作、思想感情、心理活動(dòng)、觀點(diǎn)，或事務(wù)的起因、發(fā)展、過程、結(jié)果等方面的理解。這類描寫信息往往較干脆，一般不太須要考生對(duì)它們進(jìn)行較深化的理解，對(duì)于該類題，考生一般都可以較干脆地從原文中找到與題目對(duì)應(yīng)的有關(guān)信息?！?024·全國卷I，B】Returningtoabookyou’vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There’sawelcomefamiliarity—butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon’tchange,peopledo.Andthat’swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It’strue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading,it’sallaboutthepresent.It’saboutthenowandwhatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheirownweight.TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspring,isErnestHemingway’sAMoveableFeast.Publishedin1964,it’shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人沉醉的),anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard’sHolytheFirm,herpoetic1975ramble(隨筆)abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortázar’sSaveTwilight:SelectedPoems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortázar.WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor’sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it’syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.25.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeast?A.It’sabriefaccountofatrip.B.It’saboutHemingway’slifeasayoungman.C.It’sarecordofahistoricevent.D.It’saboutHemingway’sfriendsinParis.【答案與解析】25.B事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題依據(jù)第三段...it’shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis…anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.可知，《流淌的盛宴》(AMoveableFeast)是海明威回憶年輕時(shí)在巴黎的生活的自傳。題型二信息找尋題、廣告閱讀題信息找尋題一般在應(yīng)用文體中較常見，體現(xiàn)于查字典、閱讀廣告、公告、演出海報(bào)、車船航班時(shí)辰表等之中。這類閱讀材料包含的某一方面的信息特別全面，能滿意各種人對(duì)信息的需求，但在高考試題中，常常是就某一方面提問，考生完全沒有必要從頭到尾細(xì)致閱讀，因?yàn)椴牧现杏泻芏嗳哂酂o效信息。做此類題時(shí)，宜采納“題干定全法”。即：先閱讀題干，然后依據(jù)問題要求，有針對(duì)性地閱讀相關(guān)部分快速找尋有效信息。廣告是閱讀理解題常考的一種題材。廣告屬應(yīng)用文體。嚴(yán)格來說廣告屬快速找尋信息題。但是廣告有著其他快速找尋信息題不同的特點(diǎn)。廣告文體簡(jiǎn)潔明快，省略了大量的詞語，達(dá)到了篇幅小、信息多的目的。同時(shí)具有語言精練，形象性、鼓動(dòng)性強(qiáng)的良好效果。廣告閱讀題多為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，關(guān)鍵在于正確理解廣告內(nèi)容?？忌匦杈邆漭^強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用實(shí)力，熟識(shí)文化背景，利用各種手段（如：補(bǔ)全、聯(lián)想、推想等）正確解讀廣告的內(nèi)容。通常運(yùn)用“補(bǔ)全成分法”和“聯(lián)想推想法”兩種方法來解讀廣告的內(nèi)容。做題方法同樣采納“題干定向法”。（1）補(bǔ)全成分法省略名在廣告體閱讀材料中大量出現(xiàn)，可以說廣告閱讀理解材料中大多數(shù)句子都是省略句。我們應(yīng)結(jié)合全文語境及邏輯關(guān)系將省略句補(bǔ)全，從而更加精確地理解。如：Driverwanted.依據(jù)文義，可將該句補(bǔ)充為：Adriverwillbewanted.(聘請(qǐng)一名司機(jī))。（2）聯(lián)想推想法在些廣告時(shí)間、日期、地點(diǎn)、電話、票價(jià)等用了縮略詞，甚至一概沒有提及，這就須要考生前后連貫，充分想象，整體理解。搜尋已知信息，推斷語篇意義。為節(jié)約篇幅，特殊是在商業(yè)廣告中，常運(yùn)用縮寫詞，盡管有些縮寫不太規(guī)范，但卻常用，常見的縮寫詞有：Tel.=telephonenumberPh.=phoneAdd(r).=addressco.=companyLtd=LimitedMax=maximumMin=minimumhr=hourt=timefig=figureft=footml=miledoz=dozenMt=MountainP=pageprof.=professorDr.=doctors=southn=northw=westSta=Stationpop=popularvs=versusXmas=Christmasinfo=informationVIP=veryimportantpersonshrs=hoursaft=afterad=advertisementp/t=parttimeexp=experiencedPC=personalcomputerMA=MasterofArtsBSdegree=bachelor'sdegree(學(xué)士學(xué)位)【2024·全國卷I，A】TrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall13-12-30.WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.Lostproperty(失物招領(lǐng))CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated(位于)atRomaStreetstation.PublicholidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays,i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable.Beforetravelpleasevisittranslink.auorcallTransLinkon13-12-30anytime.CustomersusingmobilitydevicesManystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance,pleasecallQueenslandRailon13-16-17.Guardiantrains(outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am21.Whatwouldyoudotogetticketinformation?A.Call131617.B.Visittranslink.au.C.Askatthelocalstation.D.Checkthetrainschedule.22.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?A.Altandi.B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes.D.FortitudeValley.23.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?A.6:42pm.B.7:29pm.C.8:57pm.D.11:02pm.【答案與解析】21.C事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題依據(jù)第一段Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.可知答案。22.B事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題依據(jù)Lostproperty中的ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated(位于)atRomaStreetstation.可知答案。23.B事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題依據(jù)Guardiantrains(outbound)中的題型三數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算題此類試題一般要求考生能依據(jù)閱讀材料中給出的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，找出計(jì)算關(guān)系，通過計(jì)算，得出正確的結(jié)論。這類計(jì)算一般來說比較簡(jiǎn)潔，關(guān)鍵是要弄清各數(shù)據(jù)間的邏輯關(guān)系，選準(zhǔn)比較的數(shù)據(jù)，弄清單位換算關(guān)系，確定計(jì)算方法，問題便迎刃而解了。對(duì)于數(shù)據(jù)較多、項(xiàng)目困難用時(shí)間或空間跨度較大的短文，通常可采納“列表法”，即按肯定的規(guī)律將數(shù)據(jù)分門別類地列出，化模糊為清楚，為計(jì)算打下基礎(chǔ)。對(duì)于相對(duì)不太困難的數(shù)據(jù)，可采納“推算法”，即以有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)為基準(zhǔn)，進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)潔的運(yùn)算就可得出?！?024·黑龍江工農(nóng)鶴崗一中高三開學(xué)考試，A】MagicalHistoryTourJoinusforourfifthannualexplorationoffascinatinghistoricsitesaroundGreaterPortlandthatyou’veneverseenormaybedidn’tevenknowexisted!TheMagicalHistoryTourisyourkeytounlockingfascinatinghistoricalplacesthatarenotusuallyopentothepublic.Itisaself-guidedadventureguaranteedtoamazeandamusebothadultsandchildren.Equippedwithamap，andatyourownpace，youwillbegreetedbyguidesateachlocationreadytosharethehistoryofthetourstop.Inthe5thyearoftheMagicalHistoryTour，wewillbepresentinganexcitingmixofbothnewsitesandfavoritesfromthepastfouryears.TheMagicalHistoryTourcheckinbeginsat9:45amatMaineHistoricalSociety’sBrownLibrary.Atthistime，youwillfindoutwherethetourwilltakeyouasyoureceiveyourmapandticketintoeachsite.FollowusonFacebook，Twitter，andInstagramforupdates，chancestowinticketsandsomeotherexcitingopportunities；andfeelfreetoshareyourtourexperiencestooursocialmediapagesusing#MHStour!●Time:10:00am—4:00pm，Saturday，May11，2024●Location:485CongressStreet●Tickets:Getyourticketsonline，bycallingusat207-774-1822，orbyvisitingourMuseumStoreat489CongressStreet.$25／AdultMHSMember；$35／AdultGeneralAdmission；$5／Juniorsunderage18.●Volunteering:WeneedvolunteersfortheMagicalHistoryTour!Volunteershelpforhalfthedayofthetourandaregivenafreetickettothetourtoenjoyeitherbeforeoraftertheirvolunteershift!Formoreinformation，emailusatevents@mainehistoryorgorcallusat207-774-1822.22．Howmuchshouldacouple(oneisMHSMember)andakidpay?A．$55. B．$65. C．$75. D．$105.【答案】22．B【解析】22．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Tickets部分中Getyourticketsonline，bycallingusat207-774-1822，orbyvisitingourMuseumStoreat489CongressStreet.$25／AdultMHSMember；$35／AdultGeneralAdmission；$5／Juniorsunderage18.可知一對(duì)其中一個(gè)是MHS成員的夫妻和一個(gè)孩子須要付：25+35+5=65美元。故選B。題型四排序題這種試題要求考生依據(jù)事情發(fā)生的先后依次和句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，找出事務(wù)的正確依次。做此類題目可采納＂首尾定位法＂，即先找出第一個(gè)事務(wù)和最終一個(gè)事務(wù)，這樣可以快速縮小選擇范圍，從而快速找到答案。閱讀理解的文章假如是記敘文，排序題通常以事務(wù)發(fā)生的時(shí)間為線索；假如是說明文，排序題通常以說明的先后依次為線索；假如是爭(zhēng)論文，排序題通常以邏輯依次為線索。從近幾年高考試題來看，這類試題主要出現(xiàn)在記敘文和說明文中。Afewyearsago,myhusbandandIwereonanislandforaweekwithourtwolittledaughters.Aswetalkedaboutwhattodonext,ourdaughtersjumpedinandtoldusexactlywhattheywantedtodo.Weagreed.AssoonaswewalkedintothemainareaofButterflyMuseum,wesawthousandsofbeautifulbutterflies.Theyallflewwiththeircolorfulwings.Mygirlswerejumpingupanddown.AndIknewwehadmadetherightdecisiontocometothemuseum.Theywerehavingsomuchfun.Iturnedtoourguideandaskedcuriously，“Howlongdobutterflieslive?”shesaid,“Abouttendays.”"Whatcanbutterfliesdointendays?”Theguidestopped,lookedatmeandsaid,“Theymaketheworldamorebeautifulplace.”Afterwesaidgoodbye,Icouldn'tstopthinkingaboutwhattheguidehadsaid.Shewasright.Weallhavesomethingtooffertheworld.Ifweallspendtimedoingwhatwecandoforothers,wecanmaketheworldabetterplace.5．Whichisthepropertimeorderofwhathappened?a.ThegirlsenjoyedthemselvesinButterflyMuseum.b.MyhusbandandItalkedaboutwhattodonext.c.Theguidetoldmehowthebutterfliesspenttheirlife.d.Ikeptthinkingabouttheguide’swords.A．b→a→c→d B．a(chǎn)→b→d→cC．a(chǎn)→d→b→c D．a(chǎn)→b→c→d【答案】5．A【解析】5．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本文是細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題中的排序題，依據(jù)第一段可知作者和丈夫在探討接下來做什么，孩子建議我們?nèi)ズ┪镳^，在那里她們玩得很快樂，作者問向?qū)Ш挠嘘P(guān)狀況，向?qū)Ц嬷髡吆簧褪亲屵@個(gè)世界更為漂亮，我始終在思索向?qū)дf的話，給了我啟示。故A項(xiàng)正確。解答此類試題時(shí)，不必通篇細(xì)看原文，而常?？蓪?shí)行“帶著問題找答案”的方法．先從問題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語。題型五圖文轉(zhuǎn)換題此類試題要求依據(jù)短文中的描寫找出相應(yīng)的圖形，或依據(jù)圖形選出相應(yīng)的文字?？刹杉{“文字鎖定法”，即找出描述圖形的句段，按“文”鎖“圖”，快速鎖定相關(guān)圖形，或用“圖形標(biāo)示法”，在圖形中標(biāo)出相應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，以便做題。TheHomeofMyPeopleWhenLewisandClarksteppedontotheWeippePrairieinpresent-dayIdahoinSeptember1808,theymettheNezPerceIndians.Inthefollowingyears,thewhiteexplorers（探險(xiǎn)者）begantofightwiththeIndiansfortheirland.SomeNezPercechiefssignedagreementswiththeU.S.government,sellingpartoftheirlands.Butthegovernmentalwaysbrokethoseagreementsanddemandedmoreland.Otherchiefsrefusedtogoalongwiththegovernment’splans.ThemostfamouswasChiefJoseph,whosepeoplelivedintheWallowaValley（present-dayOregon）.“Inordertohaveallpeopleunderstandhowmuchlandweowned,”heonceexplained,“myfatherplantedpolesarounditandsaid:‘Insideisthehomeofmypeople…Itcircledaroundthegraves（墳?zāi)梗﹐fourfathers,andwewillnevergiveupthesegravestoanyman.’”Butin1874,theU.S.governmentdeclaredthevalleyopenforwhitesettlementandorderedtheNezPerceontoareservation（保留地）.Seeingthatresistancewasuseless,ChiefJosephagreedtomove.Later,fightingbrokeoutbetweentheNezPerceandU.S.soldiers.ChiefJosephtriedtoleadhispeopletoCanada,winningseveralbattlesagainstthesoldiersduringtheirflight.Butfinally,hewasforcedtogivein.1.Whichhistoricsite（onthemap）liesinthesouthoftoday’sNezPerceReservation?A.BuffaloEddy.B.DugBar.C.JosephCanyonViewpoint.D.ChiefLookingGlassCamp.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNezPercelandsfromthemap?A.TheywereinthestateofOregon.B.Theyhavebecomeahistoricsite.C.Theyhavebecomemuchsmaller.D.TheywerelimitedtotheWallowaValley.【答案與解析】1.D此題考查學(xué)生的圖示理解實(shí)力。首先要找到并標(biāo)出現(xiàn)在NezPerceReservation所在的位置，然后找到它以南的歷史景點(diǎn)。可以看到ChiefLookingGlasscamp位于NezPerceReservation的南部。2.C從地圖中我們可以看到，NezPerce原先所擁有的土地比現(xiàn)在NezPerce保留區(qū)的位置大多了。6．代詞指代題解題技能代詞指代題要求考生肯定的上下文推想代詞的指代意義。此類題一般是在人物或事物關(guān)系比較困難的狀況下運(yùn)用的一種題型，所以理清人物及事物之間的邏輯關(guān)系是關(guān)鍵所在。【2024·山東威海高三二模，B】ThewayJasonMomoadescribesHawaii’sbelovedinactivevolcano,MaunaKea,makesyouunderstandwhyit’sconsideredsacred(神圣的)."It’skindoftheumbilicalcord(臍帶)toearth,"theactortellsCNN."Youknow,ifyouthinkabouttheHawaiianislands,that’sthebiggestmountainintheworld,right?Allthewayup.SoMaunaKeaisthemostsacred.Wecallitthebellybutton,too.That’slikeourbirthplace.That’showourislandswereformed.Sohowcanthatnotbesacred?"Hewouldknow.Jason,anativeofHawaii,hashadanear-constantpresencetherewhenhe’snotworking,fightingwithlocalprotestorstostoptheconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope,orTMT,whichwoulddrilldirectlyintothemountainandinvadeitspreciouswatersupply.Sofar,protestorshavesuccessfullyblockedtheonlyroadcrewsseekingtogoupthemountaininordertobuildthebillion-dollarobservatory."Itstartedin2024.What’shappeningovertherewasjustnotright,"Jasonsays."AndIwentovertheretomeetwitheveryonetobringthepointtotheworld."Jasonjoinstheprotestswhenhecan.Hecaredsodeeplyaboutthepreservationofthelandthatwhenhehadsparetimetolendhissupport,hewasthere."Youalsohavetoremember,that’sourwatersource.Sohavingan18-storybuildingbuiltontopofthetallestmountainfromthesealevelonourwaterlevelisterrible."TheGameofThronesstarsayshefeelsthemovementisworkinganddescribinghispartinitasacallingtodowhathefeelsrightinhissoul."There’smassiveprogressthat’sbringingourpeopletogether,"hesays,adding,"IthinktherearealotofproblemsinHawaii.Therearealotofthingsthathavehappenedinourhistory,alotofinjustice,andsowe’reshiningalightonit.PeoplelikemyselforDwayneJohnson,BrunoMarsaretryingtospreadtheconcernallaroundtheworld.FormysoulIneedtobethere."25．Whatdoes“It”refertoinParagraph4?A．TheprojectofbuildingTMT. B．Theeventofblockingtheroadcrews.C．TheshootingofGameofThrones. D．Themovementofpreservingtheland.【答案】25．A【解析】25．詞義揣測(cè)題。此題猜it的意思，it是對(duì)上文事物的指代。依據(jù)上文Jason,anativeofHawaii,hashadanear-constantpresencetherewhenhe’snotworking,fightingwithlocalprotestorstostoptheconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope,orTMT,whichwoulddrilldirectlyintothemountainandinvadeitspreciouswatersupply.可知杰森是夏威夷人，在他不工作的時(shí)候，他幾乎常常出現(xiàn)在那里，與當(dāng)?shù)氐目棺h者戰(zhàn)斗，以阻擋30米望遠(yuǎn)鏡TMT的建設(shè)，TMT將干脆鉆到山上，并侵入山上珍貴的水源。所以這里的it指代的是TMT項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)。故此題選A。題組一（2024年高考真題）Passage1(2024·新課標(biāo)II卷，A)TheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuideDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensHistory,Culture&Landscape(景觀).Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedandaward-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679,hometotheInternationalMarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques,plantsales,museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.Open:29Mar-29Oct，SuntoThurs.Tearoom，Gardens&GiftShop:10:30-17:00(16:00inOct).House:11:15-16:00(15:00inOct)Town:PooleyBridge&PenrithAbbotHallartGallery&MuseumThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall’stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareinacitygallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.Open:MontoSatandSummerSundays.10:30-17:00Sumner.10:30-16:00Winter.Town:KendalTullieHouseMuseum&ArtGalleryDiscover,exploreandenjoyaward-winningTullieHouse,wherehistoriccollections,contemporaryartandfamilyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisitfromfinearttointeractivefun,sothere’ssomethingforeveryone!Open:HighSeason1Apr–31Oct:MontoSat10:00–17:00,Sun11:00–17:00.LowSeason1Nov–31Mar:MontoSat10:00–16:30,Sun12:00–16:30.Town:CarlisleDoveCottage&ThewordsworthMuseumDiscoverWilliamWordsworth’sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafé.Exhibitions,eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.Open:Daily,09:30–17:30(lastadmission17:00).Town:Grasmere21．WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly?A．09:30-17:30. B．10:30-16:00. C．11:15-16:00. D．12:00-16:3022．WhatcanvisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museum?A．EnjoyRonney’sworks.B．Havesomeinteractivefun.C．Attendafamousfestival.D．Learnthehistoryofafamily23．WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth’slife?A．Penrith. B．Kendal. C．Carlisle. D．Grasmere.Passage2(2024·新課標(biāo)II卷，B)Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrentheUniversityofChicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelopbetterspatialskills.Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognition(認(rèn)知)aftercontrollingfordifferencesinparents’income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.“Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthatassessedtheirabilitytorotate(旋轉(zhuǎn))andtranslateshapes,”Levinesaidinastatement.Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabouthalfofchildreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythanparentsofgirls.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.24．Inwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfrompuzzleplay?A．Buildingconfidence. B．Developingspatialskills.C．Learningself-control. D．Gaininghigh-techknowledge.25．WhatdidLevinetakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningherexperiment？A．Parents’age. B．Children’simagination.C．Parents’education. D．Child-parentrelationship.26．Howdoboydifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?A．Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.B．Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.C．Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.D．Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.27．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Amathematicalmethod. B．Ascientificstudy.C．Awomanpsychologist D．Ateachingprogram.Passage3(2024·新課標(biāo)III卷，C)Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤獨(dú)),morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law,shelivesonthegroundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree-storeyVictorianhouseinBristol-oneofagrowingnumberofmultigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashingmachine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingatahouse,”saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:“WespokemorewithNickbecauseIthinkit’sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.”AndwhatdoesNickthink?“Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould.”It’shardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeenrisingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000in2013.Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeirelderlyparents;manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itissaidthatabout20%of25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.ThetotalnumberofallmultigenerationalhouseholdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8million.Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworldwheremultigenerationallivingismorefirmlyrooted.InIndia,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband’sfamilywhentheygetmarried.28．WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?A．Nick. B．Rita. C．Kathryn D．Thedaughters.29．WhatisNick’sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother-in-law?A．Positive. B．Carefree. C．Tolerant. D．Unwilling.30．Whatistheauthor’sstatementaboutmultigenerationalfamilybasedon?A．Familytraditions. B．Financialreports. C．Publishedstatistics. D．Publicopinions.31．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Lifestylesindifferentcountries. B．Conflictsbetweengenerations.C．AhousingprobleminBritain. D．ArisingtrendoflivingintheUK.Passage4(2024·新課標(biāo)I卷，C)Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.It’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.28．Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A．Theymustrunlongdistances.B．Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C．Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D．Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.29．Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A．It’smorepopularattheOlympics.B．It’slesschallengingphysically.C．It’smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D．It’slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.30．WhatisDr.Norberg’ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A．Gettingexperts’opinions.B．Havingamedicalcheckup.C．Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D．Doingregularexercises.31．Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoracewalking?A．Skeptical. B．Objective.C．Tolerant. D．Conservative.題組二（2024年高考真題）Passage1(2024·新課標(biāo)II卷，A)【2024·全國卷I，A】NeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合條件)forthisprogram.Whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities(社區(qū)).SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunities(機(jī)會(huì))ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.21.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.22.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15-18. B.15-24. C.15-29. D.16-17.23.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A.JobsforYouth. B.SummerCompany.C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram. D.SummerEmploymentOp