2025年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)之被動語態(tài)

第1頁（共1頁）2025年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)之被動語態(tài)一．選擇題（共16小題）1．（2024?天津模擬）Mysister'snewly﹣publishednovelintofourforeignlanguagesbytheendoflastmonth.（）A．hastranslated B．hadtranslated C．hasbeentranslated D．hadbeentranslated2．（2024?天津模擬）Whenrebuildingtheancientcityaftertheearthquake，thelocalgovernmentmadesurethattheoriginalculturesandarchitecturecarefullypreserved.（）A．a(chǎn)re B．were C．havebeen D．hadbeen3．（2024?濟(jì)南二模）—There'salotofwindinNorthChina.—Well，moretrees______everyyeartostopthewind.（）A．beplanted B．shouldplant C．shouldbeplanted D．canplant4．（2024?青島一模）Abeautifulforestparkhereinthreeyears.（）A．willbebuilt B．isbuilt C．willbuild D．hasbeenbuilt5．（2024?天津一模）﹣Howaredoingwiththejobhunting？﹣IamstillhesitatingwhethertoacceptthepositionI________atthejobfair．（）A．hadbeenoffered B．wasoffered C．offered D．hadoffered6．（2024?河北區(qū)模擬）It'samazingthattheoceancontains99%ofthelivingspaceontheplanetandyetlessthan10%ofthatspace________byhumansuptonow.（）A．hasbeenexplored B．isbeingexplored C．havebeenexplored D．a(chǎn)rebeingexplored7．（2023?東麗區(qū)校級模擬）Thefamousdirector，aswellasthemainactorsinthefilm，_______toaTVprogramtohaveaface﹣to﹣facetalkwiththeaudiencelastSaturday.（）A．havebeeninvited B．hasbeeninvited C．wasinvited D．wereinvited8．（2023?天津二模）Thewoodentowerthat_________willbeopentotouristssoon，andtheworkisalmostfinished.（）A．isbeingrestored B．isrestored C．isrestoring D．restores9．（2023?南開區(qū)模擬）Currently，almost50percentofjobs，includingjournalism，______withtechnologythatcanoperateautomatically.（）A．hasbeenreplacing B．isbeingreplaced C．havebeenreplacing D．a(chǎn)rebeingreplaced10．（2023?紅橋區(qū)二模）Intheschoolgym，wheretheopeningceremony____，someteachersandstudentsweremakingpreparations．（）A．isbeingheld B．willbeheld C．hasbeenheld D．wastobeheld11．（2023?和平區(qū)校級一模）Aftertheageofsixteen，as_________，thenumberofourbraincellsbeginstodecreaseataspeedofseveralmillionayear.（）A．werediscovered B．havediscovered C．hasbeendiscovered D．hadbeendiscovered12．（2022?寧河區(qū)校級模擬）Itisreportedthatamenuof678dishesfortheBeijing2022OlympicWinterGames______tomeetthedifferenttasteneedsofathletes.（）A．hasdesigned B．havebeendesigning C．havedesigned D．hasbeendesigned13．（2022?河北區(qū)模擬）Variousefforts________inthepastdecadestoprotecttheenvironment．（）A．hadmade B．havemade C．weremade D．havebeenmade14．（2022?河西區(qū)一模）Onthelastdayoftheirweek﹣longstay，John，aswellashisfriends______toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars.（）A．invited B．wasinvited C．wereinvited D．hadbeeninvited15．（2022?天津模擬）Asfossilfuelsareunsustainable，alternativeenergy，suchassunlight，windandwater，_____currently.（）A．wasemployed B．isbeingemployed C．wereemployed D．a(chǎn)rebeingemployed16．（2022?河北區(qū)模擬）Johnwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan________inthepastfiveyears.（）A．hadbeencarriedout B．wouldbecarriedout C．isbeingcarriedout D．hasbeencarriedout二．完形填空（共1小題）17．（2022?中山區(qū)校級模擬）OnedayIcamehome，frustrated.IaskedmymomtonolongerputMiddleEastern（1）inmylunch.Sheandmyfatherbecamequiet.Myfather（2）hiscrosswordpuzzleandmymother，throughquestioning，gotmeto（3）thattheotherstudentsgavemeaverydifficulttimewhenIpulledoutfoodthatdidn'tlooklikeeverybodyelse's.SoIasked，"Fromnowon，couldwedopeanutbutterandjellyonWonderBreadandanapple？"Andthenmybrotherandsisterwalkedinandsaidthey'dlikethesamebecausetheywere（4）itaswell.Myfather'sfamilywasfromSyria；mymom'sfromPalestine.Wehad（5）thatweren'texactlyinagreementwithourschoolmates；wehadfoodthatwas（6）；wehadholidaycustomsthatwerenotthesameaseverybodyelse.Sometimeswecould（7）out.Mymotherdidn'tsaytoomuchwhenIbroughtupthelunch（8）.Butaboutaweeklatertheteacher（9）thatweshouldnotbringlunchesthefollowingday，norshouldwebringlunch（10）forthecafeteria，thatweweregoingtohavesomesortofa（11）foodevent.Thenextdayatlunch，in（12）mymotherwithboxesofMiddleEasternfood.Theteacher（13）her."ThisisMrs.Nimen.ThisisTom'smom."Shepulledouttabbouleh，hummus，babaghanoush，andherhomemadebread.Shehadbakedbreadforthe（14）classtotakehome.Now，Iwouldliketotellyouthatthis（15）someofthelow﹣graderacialissueswefaced.Andshe，ifIthinkaboutitnow，isaveryearlypioneerofdiversity，inaverysmartway，usingMiddleEasternhospitality.（1）A．meatB．roastC．foodD．bacon（2）A．finishedB．droppedC．raisedD．solved（3）A．revealB．confirmC．a(chǎn)dvocateD．deny（4）A．diggingthroughB．doingwithC．goingthroughD．connectingwith（5）A．expressionsB．housesC．looksD．friends（6）A．preservedB．differentC．tastyD．processed（7）A．stickB．figureC．makeD．reach（8）A．boxB．traditionC．recipeD．issue（9）A．a(chǎn)nnouncedB．lecturedC．reportedD．claimed（10）A．equipmentB．hourC．breakD．money（11）A．delicateB．nutritiousC．bitterD．special（12）A．cameB．engagedC．brokeD．went（13）A．greetedB．introducedC．supportedD．told（14）A．briefB．specificC．entireD．private（15）A．interruptedB．endedC．concludedD．raised三．閱讀理解（共2小題）18．（2023?綿竹市校級模擬）Doyouhavefrighteningdreamswhilesleeping？AccordingtoanemailinterviewbyclinicalpsychologistandsleepexpertDr.MichaelBreus，roughly5percentofthegeneralpopulationhasatleastonebaddreamperweek.NightmarestypicallyhappenduringREMsleep，duringthemiddleandlaterpartsofthenight.Thereisnoexactexplanationfornightmares，butBreussaysit'spossiblethattheyhelpthebrainpractise，prepareforandevenanticipatedifficultordangerousexperiencesinwakinglife.Ofcourse，it'spossiblethatnightmares，likedreamsingeneral，don'thaveaprimaryfunction—thatthey'reaby﹣productofotheractivitiesinthebody.Butmostsleepscientiststhinkthatdreamsandnightmaresexistforsomepurposes.Onestudyfoundthemostcommonnightmarewasfalling，followedbydreamsofbeingchased，feelinglost，andfeelingtrapped.Thenwhydonightmareshappen？"Certaincircumstancesandcharacteristicsmakesomepeoplemorelikelytohavenightmaresthanothers，"sayssleepmedicinespecialistDr.BarryKrakow.Hethinkspeoplewho'vebeentraumatized（使受精神創(chuàng)傷）arecertainlyatahigherriskofnightmares.Examplesareofferedofthosewhohavesufferedcriminalattacks，orwhohavebeeninlife﹣threateningaccidents.Peoplewithsomedegreeofsensitivityintheirbiologicalmake﹣uparealsomorelikelytohavebaddreams，sothey'remorecommoninpeoplewhosufferfromanxietyordepression，orwhouseexcessdrugsoralcohol.Thetraditionalbeliefoftenhasitthatnightmaresaretheresultofeatingtoomuchrichfoodbeforebedtime，butitisstilluncertainwhetherthisistrue.Onestudyfrom2015didfindalinkbetweeneatingdairyorhotfoodsbeforebedtimeandhavingdisturbingdreams，butthestudyauthorsnotedthatthiscouldn'tbeprovendefinitelybecausethedatawasself﹣reportedandtherewerealotofotherfactorstoconsider.However，researchinrecentdecadeshasshownthatpeoplewhosufferfromsleepdisordersarealsomorelikelytohavenightmares.（1）WhatmayDr.Breusagreewithaboutnightmares？A．Theyhappenforcertainpurposes.B．Theyaresimilartodaydreams.C．Theypossiblyhelppredictfutureevents.D．Theycometrueonceinawhile.（2）WhodoesDr.Krakowthinktendstosuffernightmares？A．Johnwhooftenstaysuplate.B．Peterwhohashadterribleexperiences.C．Jackwhoissensitivetoalcohol.D．Paulwhosleepssoundlyatnight.（3）Howdoesthetraditionalbeliefexplainnightmares？A．Theyareoftencausedbyirregularbedtimes.B．Theyarebasedondisturbinglifeexperiences.C．Theyaretheconsequenceofnegativefeelings.D．Theyarerelatedtowhatistakenbeforebedtime.（4）Fromwhichsectionofawebsiteisthetextprobablytaken？A．Mentalhealth.B．Lifeexperiences.C．Eatinghabits.D．Popularculture.19．（2023?浙江模擬）Onthedayhealmostdied，KimbalMuskhadfoodonthebrain.TheInternetstartuptalentandrestaurateurhadjustarrivedinJacksonHolefromaconferencewherechefJamieOliverhadspokenaboutthebenefitsofhealthyeating.ThiswassomethingMuskthoughtaboutalot﹣howhemightmakeadifferencetothefoodindustry—butbeyondexpandinghisfarm﹣to﹣tablemovementalongwithhisrestaurant，Muskhadn'tyetbrokenthecode.Thenhewentsailingdownasnowyslope（坡）andfellover，breakinghisneck.Theleftsideofhisbodywasparalyzed.Muskeventuallymadeafullrecovery，butitinvolvedspendingtwomonthsonhisback，whichgavehimplentyoftimetocomeupwithaplan.Sincethen，hehaslaunchedaninitiativetoput"learninggardens"inpublicschoolsacrossAmerica；attractedGenerationZtothefarmingprofessionbychangingshippingcontainersintohigh﹣tech，data﹣driven，year﹣roundfarms；andthisyear，iskickingoffanewcampaigntocreateonemillionat﹣homegardens.Aimedatreachinglow﹣incomefamilies，theMillionGardensMovementwasinspiredbythepandemic，asbothadesiretofeelmoreconnectedtonatureandfoodinsecurityhavebeenattheforefrontofsomanypeople'slives."Weweregettingalotofinquiriesaboutgardeningfrompeoplethathadnevergardenedbefore，"saysMusk."Peoplewerelookingtogardenforabunchofreasons：tosupplementtheirbudget，toimprovethenutritionalqualityoftheirdiets，orjusttocuretheboredomthatcamewiththelockdown."Theprogramoffersfreegardenkitsthatcanbegrownindoorsoroutdoors，andwillbedistributedthroughschoolsthatMusk'snon﹣profit，BigGreen，hasalreadypartneredwith.Italsooffersfreecoursesonhowtogetthegardengrowingandfreshseedsandmaterialsforthechanginggrowingseasons."IgrewupintheprojectswhenIwasyoung，inwhatwenowcallfooddeserts，"saysEVE，oneofthemanycelebritieswhohaveteamedupwiththeorganizationtoencouragepeopletopickupafreegarden."WhatIloveaboutthisisthatit'snotdifficult.Weareallabletogrowsomething."（1）WhatinspiredMusktobedevotedtofoodindustry？A．Anaccident.B．JamieOliver'sspeech.C．Thepandemic.D．Thefarm﹣to﹣tablemovement.（2）WhatcanwelearnabouttheMillionGardensMovement？A．Ithasmainlyattractedyounggenerations.B．Ithasjustaccomplisheditstarget.C．Itmaybestimulatedbyalackoffoodsecurity.D．Itincreaseseconomicburdensforthepoor.（3）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMusk？A．Charitable.B．Honest.C．Flexible.D．Strict.（4）WhyisEVEtakenasanexample？A．Todemonstratetheprogramtobenon﹣profit.B．Tosharehisexperienceinafooddesert.C．Toencouragepeopletostartafreegarden.D．Toclarifythereasonwhyhelovesagarden.四．信息匹配（共1小題）20．（2023?安寧區(qū)校級模擬）Ashumanbeings，ourabilitytopredictandpreventtroubleisoneofthosesuperpowersthatsetusapartfrombirdsandbeasts.（1）Dr.MichelleNewman，directoroftheLaboratoryforAnxietyandDepressionResearchatPennsylvaniaStateUniversity，presentssomecharacteristicsofout﹣of﹣controlworrying，likefocusingonthingsoverwhichyouhavenocontrol，orwhichhavealowprobabilityofhappening，and"catastrophizing"them.Worryingaboutalovedonewho'sdrivingandpicturingthehorribleconsequencesofanaccidentisoneexample.（2）Constantworryingandanxietycanincreaseyourbloodpressureandheartrate，whichhasbeenlinkedtoahigherriskforcardiovascular（心臟血管的）diseases.Anxietycanalsooveractivateyourimmunesystem.Butisn'tthereabenefittolotsofworrying？Afterall，ifyourmindisdealingwithemergenciesandpotentialthreats，youcanactnowtopreventthem，right？（3）"Mostlyworryingbecomesaprocesstoitselfthatdoesn'tleadtoproblemsolvingorhelpingyouinanyway，"shesays."Ifyou'reworryingaboutsomething，"shesays，"you'renottakingstepstoaddressthesourceofyourworry，ifthat'sevenpossible."Infact，worryisreallyafailuretoliveinthemoment，Newmansays.（4）Exercise，massageandotherthingsthatrelievephysicaltensionarealsohelpful，shesays.（5）Selectaspotyoucangettoeasilyeveryday，butthatisn'taplacewhereyounormallyspendtime，Newmanadvises.Yourgoalistogiveyourself20or30minutesadayinthatspace，devotedonlytoworrying."Therestoftheday，youtellyourselfyouaren'tgoingtoworrybecauseyouwillatthattimeandplace，"Newmanexplains."Theideaisthatbysettingapartyourworry，youcancontrolit."A．That'sbadnewsforseveralreasons.B．Unfortunately，Newmanopposesthisidea.C．Activitieslikeyogathatattempttocomfortyourmindtothepresentmayhelp.D．Focusingonafavoriterelaxingsettinghasalsoprovenworry﹣reducingbenefits.E．Butnonstopworryingcanruinyourlifeandyourimmunesystemtosomedegree.F．Imaginingissuesthatmightleadtoyourlosingyourjobandyourhomeisanother.G．Anothergreatwaytocontrolyourworryistosetasideaspecifictimeandplaceforit.

2025年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)之被動語態(tài)參考答案與試題解析一．選擇題（共16小題）1．（2024?天津模擬）Mysister'snewly﹣publishednovelintofourforeignlanguagesbytheendoflastmonth.（）A．hastranslated B．hadtranslated C．hasbeentranslated D．hadbeentranslated【分析】截至上月底，我姐姐新出版的小說已被翻譯成四種外語?！窘獯稹糠治隹芍?，此處為句子謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語bytheendoflastmonth可知，此處表示過去的過去，應(yīng)用過去完成時，主語mysister'snewly﹣publishednovel與translate之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：hadbeendone。故選：D。【點評】過去完成時的被動語態(tài)表示到過去某個時間點之前一直持續(xù)到那個時間點的動作或狀態(tài)且主語是動作的承受者。在過去完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)中，動詞使用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)形式，即hadbeendone形式。2．（2024?天津模擬）Whenrebuildingtheancientcityaftertheearthquake，thelocalgovernmentmadesurethattheoriginalculturesandarchitecturecarefullypreserved.（）A．a(chǎn)re B．were C．havebeen D．hadbeen【分析】在地震后重建古城時，當(dāng)?shù)卣_保原始文化和建筑被精心保存?！窘獯稹糠治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處是從句中的謂語，根據(jù)前面主句中時態(tài)及時間狀語可知，本句陳述的是過去的事情，所以用一般過去時，空格后面是動詞preserve的過去分詞，從句中的主語和preserve之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，空格處用be動詞的過去式，從句中的主語是theoriginalculturesandarchitecture，所以be動詞用were。故選：B。【點評】考查時態(tài)要注意句中所給時間狀語，如果沒有明顯的時間狀語，則根據(jù)上下文判斷，使用恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)和語態(tài)。同時注意主謂一致。3．（2024?濟(jì)南二模）—There'salotofwindinNorthChina.—Well，moretrees______everyyeartostopthewind.（）A．beplanted B．shouldplant C．shouldbeplanted D．canplant【分析】﹣﹣中國北方風(fēng)很大。﹣﹣嗯，每年應(yīng)該種更多的樹來擋風(fēng)?！窘獯稹縫lant"種植"，與trees之間是動賓關(guān)系，因表示的是一般事實，要用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。C項正確。故選：C?！军c評】解答此類問題要了解各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)的基本含義，并區(qū)別各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)之間的差異，了解某些時態(tài)和語態(tài)的特殊用法，然后結(jié)合語境選擇正確答案。4．（2024?青島一模）Abeautifulforestparkhereinthreeyears.（）A．willbebuilt B．isbuilt C．willbuild D．hasbeenbuilt【分析】一個美麗的森林公園將在三年內(nèi)建成?！窘獯稹緼beautifulforestpark與build之間是動賓關(guān)系，根據(jù)時間狀語inthreeyears可知，要用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。A項正確。故選：A?！军c評】解答此類問題要了解各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)的基本含義，并區(qū)別各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)之間的差異，了解某些時態(tài)和語態(tài)的特殊用法，然后結(jié)合語境選擇正確答案。5．（2024?天津一模）﹣Howaredoingwiththejobhunting？﹣IamstillhesitatingwhethertoacceptthepositionI________atthejobfair．（）A．hadbeenoffered B．wasoffered C．offered D．hadoffered【分析】﹣你找工作的事情怎么樣了？﹣我還在猶豫是否接受人才市場上給我提供的職位．【解答】根據(jù)句子語境可知，我是找工作的，所以應(yīng)該是：我被提供工作，句中需要被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)上下文，被提供工作是在過去，所以本句用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)．故選：B．【點評】考生需要分析句子語境，理解主語和動詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系，同時注意上下文之間的聯(lián)系．6．（2024?河北區(qū)模擬）It'samazingthattheoceancontains99%ofthelivingspaceontheplanetandyetlessthan10%ofthatspace________byhumansuptonow.（）A．hasbeenexplored B．isbeingexplored C．havebeenexplored D．a(chǎn)rebeingexplored【分析】令人驚訝的是，海洋包含了地球上99%的生存空間，但到目前為止，人類探索的空間還不到10%?！窘獯稹糠治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句是and連接的并列句，時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時，根據(jù)and后句子中的時間狀語uptonow"到目前為止"可知，該空所填的謂語動詞，動作發(fā)生在過去，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語lessthan10%ofthatspace"不到10%的生存空間"是單數(shù)概念，與動詞explore是被動關(guān)系，所以該空要使用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動式。故選：A?！军c評】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，了解句意，準(zhǔn)確判斷時間點，明確謂語動詞與主語的關(guān)系后，選擇正確的時態(tài)與語態(tài)。7．（2023?東麗區(qū)校級模擬）Thefamousdirector，aswellasthemainactorsinthefilm，_______toaTVprogramtohaveaface﹣to﹣facetalkwiththeaudiencelastSaturday.（）A．havebeeninvited B．hasbeeninvited C．wasinvited D．wereinvited【分析】上周六，這位著名導(dǎo)演以及電影中的主要演員應(yīng)邀參加了一個電視節(jié)目，與觀眾進(jìn)行了面對面的交談?！窘獯稹慨?dāng)主語后面跟有aswellas，asmuchas，morethan，ratherthan等連接的詞組時，其謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)不受這些詞語的影響，和前邊的主語保持一致，主語Thefamousdirector是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，排除A、D項；根據(jù)時間lastSaturday要用一般過去時，排除B項，只有C項正確，即一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選：C。【點評】解答此類問題要了解各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)的基本含義，并區(qū)別各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)之間的差異，了解某些時態(tài)和語態(tài)的特殊用法，然后結(jié)合語境選擇正確答案。8．（2023?天津二模）Thewoodentowerthat_________willbeopentotouristssoon，andtheworkisalmostfinished.（）A．isbeingrestored B．isrestored C．isrestoring D．restores【分析】正在修復(fù)的木塔很快將對游客開放，工程即將完工?！窘獯稹緼.isbeingrestored正在被修復(fù)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)；B.isrestored被修復(fù)，一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)；C.isrestoring正在修復(fù)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時；D.restores修復(fù)，一般現(xiàn)在時。此句thewoodentower是先行詞，做定語從句的主語，restore是定語從句的謂語動詞，二者在邏輯上是被動關(guān)系，所以要用被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)后文theworkisalmostfinished，修復(fù)工作幾乎快要結(jié)束，說明還沒結(jié)束，修復(fù)、復(fù)原工作正在進(jìn)行。所以要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)。故選：A。【點評】考查時態(tài)要注意句中所給時間狀語，如果沒有明顯的時間狀語，則根據(jù)上下文判斷，使用恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)和語態(tài)。同時注意主謂一致。9．（2023?南開區(qū)模擬）Currently，almost50percentofjobs，includingjournalism，______withtechnologythatcanoperateautomatically.（）A．hasbeenreplacing B．isbeingreplaced C．havebeenreplacing D．a(chǎn)rebeingreplaced【分析】目前，包括新聞工作在內(nèi)的近50%的工作正在被可以自動操作的技術(shù)所取代?！窘獯稹縭eplace"取代"，與almost50percentofjobs之間是動賓關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意結(jié)合Currently可知句子用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)，主語almost50percentofjobs是復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞用are。D項正確。故選：D?！军c評】解答此類問題要了解各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)的基本含義，并區(qū)別各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)之間的差異，了解某些時態(tài)和語態(tài)的特殊用法，然后結(jié)合語境選擇正確答案。10．（2023?紅橋區(qū)二模）Intheschoolgym，wheretheopeningceremony____，someteachersandstudentsweremakingpreparations．（）A．isbeingheld B．willbeheld C．hasbeenheld D．wastobeheld【分析】在學(xué)校的體育館，在活動的開幕式即將舉行的時候，一些老師和學(xué)生當(dāng)時正在做準(zhǔn)備．【解答】答案：D．根據(jù)后面的主句中的謂語動詞weremakingpreparations可知，這是過去進(jìn)行時的時態(tài)，由此可推測，活動的開幕式將要舉行，應(yīng)該是過去將來時態(tài)，因為主語為theopeningceremony，所以應(yīng)該使用被動語態(tài)；故選D．【點評】本題難度適中．動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)放在一起考查增加了試題的難度，需要考生有分析理解復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力，必須會根據(jù)語境或已給動詞的形式來判斷動詞的時態(tài)．11．（2023?和平區(qū)校級一模）Aftertheageofsixteen，as_________，thenumberofourbraincellsbeginstodecreaseataspeedofseveralmillionayear.（）A．werediscovered B．havediscovered C．hasbeendiscovered D．hadbeendiscovered【分析】十六歲以后，正如已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣，我們的腦細(xì)胞數(shù)量開始以每年數(shù)百萬的速度減少?！窘獯稹縜s引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是一個句子，所以謂語動詞要多單數(shù)形式，且"我們的腦細(xì)胞數(shù)量內(nèi)年以數(shù)百萬的速度減少"這件事是被發(fā)現(xiàn)的，因此要使用被動語態(tài)，這件事已經(jīng)被發(fā)現(xiàn)，要使用現(xiàn)在完成時，故填hasbeendiscovered。故選：C?！军c評】謂語動詞的選擇要考慮時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。12．（2022?寧河區(qū)校級模擬）Itisreportedthatamenuof678dishesfortheBeijing2022OlympicWinterGames______tomeetthedifferenttasteneedsofathletes.（）A．hasdesigned B．havebeendesigning C．havedesigned D．hasbeendesigned【分析】據(jù)報道，北京2022年冬季奧運會已經(jīng)設(shè)計出678道菜，以滿足不同運動員的口味需求?！窘獯稹糠治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，it是形式主語，真正的主語是that從句，所以that從句是主語從句，空處在that從句中做謂語，根據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)計這個動作到現(xiàn)在報道的時候已經(jīng)完成，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是amenu（菜單）和動詞design（設(shè)計）二者之間是被動關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動，主語是單數(shù)，應(yīng)用hasbeendesigned。故選：D?！军c評】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合句意判斷時態(tài)語態(tài)。13．（2022?河北區(qū)模擬）Variousefforts________inthepastdecadestoprotecttheenvironment．（）A．hadmade B．havemade C．weremade D．havebeenmade【分析】在過去幾十年中已經(jīng)做了各種各樣的努力來保護(hù)環(huán)境．【解答】根據(jù)句意和時間狀語inthepastdecades可知這句話使用現(xiàn)在完成時，efforts和make是被動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動．故選：D．【點評】本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時，現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的事情對現(xiàn)在造成影響，或過去的動作延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，一般和recently，sofar，inthepast/last…搭配．14．（2022?河西區(qū)一模）Onthelastdayoftheirweek﹣longstay，John，aswellashisfriends______toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars.（）A．invited B．wasinvited C．wereinvited D．hadbeeninvited【分析】在他們?yōu)槠谝恢艿亩毫舻淖詈笠惶?，約翰和他的朋友們被邀請到北岸一個美麗的農(nóng)場，在星空下聽一場私人音樂會?！窘獯稹扛鶕?jù)狀語Onthelastdayoftheirweek﹣longstay要用一般過去時，排除D項；當(dāng)主語后面跟有aswellas連接的詞組時，其謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)不受這些詞語的影響，本句主語John是單數(shù)，排除C項；且John與invite之間是動賓關(guān)系，要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，排除A項，只有B項正確。故選：B?！军c評】解答此類問題要了解各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)的基本含義，并區(qū)別各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)之間的差異，了解某些時態(tài)和語態(tài)的特殊用法，然后結(jié)合語境選擇正確答案。15．（2022?天津模擬）Asfossilfuelsareunsustainable，alternativeenergy，suchassunlight，windandwater，_____currently.（）A．wasemployed B．isbeingemployed C．wereemployed D．a(chǎn)rebeingemployed【分析】由于化石燃料是不可持續(xù)的，目前正在使用替代能源，如陽光、風(fēng)和水?！窘獯稹靠疾闀r態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句意和時間狀語"currently"（目前）可知，此空要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時；句子主語為alternativeenergy，其后附件加成分"suchassunlight，windandwater"不影響主語的人稱和數(shù)，energy是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)形式；主語與謂語動詞employ之間是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；所以空格處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)。故選：B。【點評】考查謂語部分的形式時，要充分考慮謂語部分需要用什么時態(tài)、語態(tài)以及分析主語的單復(fù)數(shù)。16．（2022?河北區(qū)模擬）Johnwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan________inthepastfiveyears.（）A．hadbeencarriedout B．wouldbecarriedout C．isbeingcarriedout D．hasbeencarriedout【分析】上個月我被派到村里去看看在過去的兩年里發(fā)展計劃是如何執(zhí)行的?！窘獯稹扛鶕?jù)句中時間狀語lastmonth和inthepasttwoyears可知，空格處所用的動詞carryout發(fā)生在sent之前，表示"過去的過去"，要用過去完成時，且plan與carryout之間是動賓關(guān)系，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。A項正確。其它選項不符合語境。故選：A?！军c評】解答此類問題要了解各種時態(tài)的基本含義，并區(qū)別各種時態(tài)之間的差異，了解某些時態(tài)的特殊用法，然后結(jié)合語境選擇正確答案。二．完形填空（共1小題）17．（2022?中山區(qū)校級模擬）OnedayIcamehome，frustrated.IaskedmymomtonolongerputMiddleEastern（1）Cinmylunch.Sheandmyfatherbecamequiet.Myfather（2）Bhiscrosswordpuzzleandmymother，throughquestioning，gotmeto（3）AthattheotherstudentsgavemeaverydifficulttimewhenIpulledoutfoodthatdidn'tlooklikeeverybodyelse's.SoIasked，"Fromnowon，couldwedopeanutbutterandjellyonWonderBreadandanapple？"Andthenmybrotherandsisterwalkedinandsaidthey'dlikethesamebecausetheywere（4）Citaswell.Myfather'sfamilywasfromSyria；mymom'sfromPalestine.Wehad（5）Cthatweren'texactlyinagreementwithourschoolmates；wehadfoodthatwas（6）B；wehadholidaycustomsthatwerenotthesameaseverybodyelse.Sometimeswecould（7）Aout.Mymotherdidn'tsaytoomuchwhenIbroughtupthelunch（8）D.Butaboutaweeklatertheteacher（9）Athatweshouldnotbringlunchesthefollowingday，norshouldwebringlunch（10）Dforthecafeteria，thatweweregoingtohavesomesortofa（11）Dfoodevent.Thenextdayatlunch，in（12）AmymotherwithboxesofMiddleEasternfood.Theteacher（13）Bher."ThisisMrs.Nimen.ThisisTom'smom."Shepulledouttabbouleh，hummus，babaghanoush，andherhomemadebread.Shehadbakedbreadforthe（14）Cclasstotakehome.Now，Iwouldliketotellyouthatthis（15）Bsomeofthelow﹣graderacialissueswefaced.Andshe，ifIthinkaboutitnow，isaveryearlypioneerofdiversity，inaverysmartway，usingMiddleEasternhospitality.（1）A．meatB．roastC．foodD．bacon（2）A．finishedB．droppedC．raisedD．solved（3）A．revealB．confirmC．a(chǎn)dvocateD．deny（4）A．diggingthroughB．doingwithC．goingthroughD．connectingwith（5）A．expressionsB．housesC．looksD．friends（6）A．preservedB．differentC．tastyD．processed（7）A．stickB．figureC．makeD．reach（8）A．boxB．traditionC．recipeD．issue（9）A．a(chǎn)nnouncedB．lecturedC．reportedD．claimed（10）A．equipmentB．hourC．breakD．money（11）A．delicateB．nutritiousC．bitterD．special（12）A．cameB．engagedC．brokeD．went（13）A．greetedB．introducedC．supportedD．told（14）A．briefB．specificC．entireD．private（15）A．interruptedB．endedC．concludedD．raised【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者因為帶到學(xué)校作為午餐的食物與其他同學(xué)的不同而遭遇歧視，但是作者的母親以友好而智慧的方式改變了這一局面?！窘獯稹浚?）C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.meat肉；B.roast烤；C.food食物；D.bacon培根。句意：我讓我媽媽不要再在我的午餐里放中東食物。根據(jù)"whenIpulledoutfoodthatdidn'tlooklikeeverybodyelse's.（當(dāng)我拿出跟別人不一樣的食物時）"可知，這里作者是因為午餐食物不受歡迎，所以不想讓媽媽放食物。故選C。（2）B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.finished完成；B.dropped下降；C.raised提高；D.solved解決。句意：父親放下了手里的填字游戲，母親經(jīng)過一番詢問我，問出了緣由，我跟她說，當(dāng)我拿出和別人不一樣的食物時，其他學(xué)生的反應(yīng)讓我很難受。根據(jù)上文"Sheandmyfatherbecamequiet.（爸爸媽媽立即安靜下來）"可知，此處爸媽聽到作者的話，顯得吃驚，所以會停下手里的事情，開始詢問。故選B。（3）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.reveal揭示；B.confirm確認(rèn)；C.advocate提倡；D.deny否認(rèn)。句意：父親放下了手里的填字游戲，母親經(jīng)過一番詢問我，問出了緣由，我跟她說，當(dāng)我拿出和別人不一樣的食物時，其他學(xué)生的反應(yīng)讓我很難受。根據(jù)上文"throughquestioning（經(jīng)過一番詢問）"可知，媽媽問我緣由，所以我會說出真相，故選A。（4）C.考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.diggingthrough挖掘；B.doingwith處理；C.goingthrough經(jīng)歷；D.connectingwith結(jié)合。句意：然后我哥哥和姐姐走進(jìn)來，說他們也不想讓媽媽放中東食物了，因為他們經(jīng)歷了同樣的事。根據(jù)"they'dlikethesame（他們也不想讓媽媽放中東食物了）"可知，在學(xué)校里我，哥哥，姐姐都因為午餐食物受到了同樣的困擾，所以才不讓媽媽放了，所以是他們經(jīng)歷的遭遇。故選C。（5）C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.expressions表達(dá)；B.houses房屋；C.looks相貌；D.friends朋友。句意：我們的長相與同學(xué)們不太一樣。根據(jù)上文"Myfather'sfamilywasfromSyria；mymom'sfromPalestine.（爸爸來自利比亞，媽媽來自巴勒斯坦）"可知，因為一家人不是本土美國人，因此我們的外貌不同于大多數(shù)同學(xué)。故選C。（6）B.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.preserved保留的；B.different不同的；C.tasty美味的；D.processed處理的。句意：我們吃的食物不同。根據(jù)上文"Myfather'sfamilywasfromSyria；mymom'sfromPalestine.（爸爸來自利比亞，媽媽來自巴勒斯坦）"可知，由于我們來自不同的民族，因此飲食文化會不一樣，故選B。（7）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.stick刺；B.figure弄清楚；C.make使得；D.reach到達(dá)。句意：有時我們站在人群中特別顯眼。根據(jù)上文"Myfather'sfamilywasfromSyria；mymom'sfromPalestine.（爸爸來自利比亞，媽媽來自巴勒斯坦）"可知，我們來自中東地區(qū)，因此著裝打扮，飲食文化與周圍人有著顯著不同，因此會顯得與別人與眾不同。短語"stickout"意為"醒目，顯眼"，故選A。（8）D.考查名詞及語境理解。A.box盒子；B.tradition傳統(tǒng)；C.recipe配方；D.issue問題。句意：當(dāng)我提出午餐的問題時，我母親沒有說太多。根據(jù)上文"theotherstudentsgavemeaverydifficulttimewhenIpulledoutfoodthatdidn'tlooklikeeverybodyelse's.（當(dāng)我拿出與別人不一樣的食物時，同學(xué)的反應(yīng)讓我很難受）"可知，因為食物原因，同學(xué)們的反應(yīng)對我構(gòu)成困擾，因此這對我來說是一個難堪的問題。故選D。（9）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.announced宣布；B.lectured作報告；C.reported報道；D.claimed聲稱。句意：但大約一個星期后，老師宣布第二天我們不用帶午餐，也不用帶去食堂吃飯的飯錢，我們將舉行一個特殊的午餐活動。根據(jù)下文"weshouldnotbringlunchesthefollowingday（我們明天不用帶午餐來）"可知，老師在宣布告知我們明天的安排。故選A。（10）D.考查名詞及語境理解。A.equipment設(shè)備；B.hour榮譽；C.break休息；D.money錢。句意：但大約一個星期后，老師宣布第二天我們不用帶午餐，也不用帶去食堂吃飯的飯錢，我們將舉行一個特殊的午餐活動。根據(jù)上文"weshouldnotbringlunchesthefollowingday（我們明天不用帶午餐來）"可知，按照常理，如果不帶做好的午餐，那么就要在午餐時付錢購買，因此這里指買飯的錢。故選D。（11）D.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.delicate精致的；B.nutritious營養(yǎng)的；C.bitter痛苦的；D.special特殊的。句意：但大約一個星期后，老師宣布第二天我們不用帶午餐，也不用帶去食堂吃飯的飯錢，我們將舉行一個特殊的午餐活動。根據(jù)下文"withboxesofMiddleEasternfood.（帶著一些中東食物）"可知，這次的午飯形式與往常是不一樣的，是特殊的午餐內(nèi)容和形式。故選D。（12）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.came來；B.engaged訂婚；C.broke打破；D.went走。句意：第二天吃午飯的時候，我母親帶著幾盒中東食物進(jìn)來了。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處是倒裝句，"camein"意為"走進(jìn)來"，表示媽媽走進(jìn)教室，帶著一些中東食物。故選A。（13）B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.greeted歡迎；B.introduced介紹；C.supported支持；D.told告訴。句意：老師向大家介紹了她。這是尼曼太太，也是湯姆的媽媽。根據(jù)下文"ThisisMrs.Nimen.ThisisTom'smom（這是尼曼太太，是Tom的媽媽）"可知，這里是老師在向同學(xué)們介紹媽媽，故選B。（14）C.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.brief簡短的；B.specific具體的；C.entire全部的；D.private私人的。句意：她烤了面包給全班同學(xué)帶回家。根據(jù)上文"weshouldnotbringlunchesthefollowingday（我們明天不用自帶午餐）"可知，這里老師讓全班同學(xué)不帶午飯，說明這里媽媽帶來的食物是要分享給全班同學(xué)。故選C。（15）B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.interrupted打斷；B.ended終結(jié)；C.concluded總結(jié)；D.raised提高。句意：現(xiàn)在，我想說的是，這一舉動終結(jié)了我們面臨的一些低級種族問題。根據(jù)下文"Andshe，ifIthinkaboutitnow，isaveryearlypioneerofdiversity，inaverysmartway，usingMiddleEasternhospitality.（如果現(xiàn)在想想，我覺得媽媽她一個開明的人，以一種非常睿智的方式，利用了中東的好客的特點幫我化解了這種無形的種族歧視）"可知，媽媽的行為最終終結(jié)了因為午餐問題引起的種族歧視問題。故選B?！军c評】考查完形填空。做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合上下文及選項做出正確的選擇。三．閱讀理解（共2小題）18．（2023?綿竹市校級模擬）Doyouhavefrighteningdreamswhilesleeping？AccordingtoanemailinterviewbyclinicalpsychologistandsleepexpertDr.MichaelBreus，roughly5percentofthegeneralpopulationhasatleastonebaddreamperweek.NightmarestypicallyhappenduringREMsleep，duringthemiddleandlaterpartsofthenight.Thereisnoexactexplanationfornightmares，butBreussaysit'spossiblethattheyhelpthebrainpractise，prepareforandevenanticipatedifficultordangerousexperiencesinwakinglife.Ofcourse，it'spossiblethatnightmares，likedreamsingeneral，don'thaveaprimaryfunction—thatthey'reaby﹣productofotheractivitiesinthebody.Butmostsleepscientiststhinkthatdreamsandnightmaresexistforsomepurposes.Onestudyfoundthemostcommonnightmarewasfalling，followedbydreamsofbeingchased，feelinglost，andfeelingtrapped.Thenwhydonightmareshappen？"Certaincircumstancesandcharacteristicsmakesomepeoplemorelikelytohavenightmaresthanothers，"sayssleepmedicinespecialistDr.BarryKrakow.Hethinkspeoplewho'vebeentraumatized（使受精神創(chuàng)傷）arecertainlyatahigherriskofnightmares.Exa