《紅對勾》2022屆高考英語人教版新課標(biāo)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)-滾動測試2

課時作業(yè)2EnglisharoundtheworldⅠ.閱讀理解(2021·湖北省天門中學(xué)元月質(zhì)檢)Heavysnowfallandchillingtemperaturesof－30℃donotstopcriminalsinnorthernRussia.Nowpolicetryingtomaintainlawintheregionarestrugglingontheirsnowmobilesandwanttousereindeertocombatcrimeonthebleaktundra(陰冷的凍土地帶)．Theysaythatthatmammalsaremorereliablethantheirmachinesandcanrunfastondeepsnowthankstotheiradaptablehooves.Someareasofthecountry'sArcticregionareonlyaccessiblebyreindeerandthelzvestianewspaperhasreportedthatagangofSiberia'sindigenous(本土的)peopleareusingreindeertomakeaspeedygetawayfromcrimescenes,leavingpoliceonsnowmobilesbehind.Russianpolicechasingthecriminalstoldthenewspaperthattheirsnowmobilescanbreakdownandrunoutofgas—unlikereindeer.IrinaPimkinafromtheregion'sInteriorsaid：“Ofcoursewehavesnowmobilesinservice,butoneshouldunderstandthatamachineisamachine.”“Asnowmobilecanbreakdownorgetstuckinthetundra,butthedeerwillrunatalltimes.”Theforcebelievesthattheanimalswillgivethemanedgeinpolicingtheremoteareaandtheyhavebeenaskingforreindeerrecruitsfortwoyears.Reindeer'shoovesareuniquebecausetheyadapttoseasonalweatherconditions,MotherNatureNetworkreported.Whengroundissoftinthesummer,thebottomsoftheanimal'shoovesactlikespongestoprovidetraction(牽引力)，whiletherim(邊緣)ofthehoofbecomesexposedinthewinter.Thismeansthattheycancutintoiceandsnowtostopthemfromslipping.Theyevenusethemtodigdownthroughhardsnowsotheycanfindtheirfavoritefood—alichenknownasreindeermoss.Thevisionofreindeermayalsooutperformasnowmobile'slights,becausetheanimalscanseeultravioletlight.Snowreflectsupto90percentofUVlightandthisabilityhelpstheanimalstoseeclearlyindimlightingandlandscapesthatarelargelywhite,wheremayobjectsblenduntothelandscape.Thingslikefurandurine,forexample,showupclearlyinultravioletlight,comparedtowhathumanssee.AstudybyUniversityCollegeLondon(UCL)revealedin2011thatreindeercanseelightwithwavelengthsasshortas320nanometers(nm),considerablybelowthehumanthresholdof400nm.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTromsdiscoveredthattheeyesofreindeerchangecoloraccordingtotheseasonstoo.Whileitmayseemfunnythatpolicemencouldusereindeerlikeapolicecar,thecountry'snavyalreadyusesanimalstoenforcerules.TheRussianDefenseMinistryusesdonkeystopatrol(巡邏)thecountry'smountainranges,whiletheNavyemployedthehelpofdolphinstoenablethemtodetectunderwatermines.1．WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTthereasonwhypolicewanttousereindeertochasecriminalsonsnow?A．Theirhoovescanstopthemfromslipping.B．Theycanseeultravioletlight.C．Theirhoovesactlikespongestoprovidetraction.D．Theywillrunatalltimes.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outperform”inParagraph11mean?A．a(chǎn)sstrongas B．strongerthanC．a(chǎn)sgoodas D．betterthan3．Whatdoesthelasttwoparagraphsimply?A．Theideaofusingreindeerasapolicecarisfunny.B．Theideaofusinganimalstoenforcerulesisnotnew.C．Animalsareclevererthanhumanbeings.D．Dolphinscanhelpdetectunderwatermines.4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Mammalsaremorereliablethanmachines.B．PoliceinnorthernRussianwanttousereindeertofightagainstcrime.C．Theversionofreindeerisbetterthanman.D．Reindeer'shoovescanadapttoseasonalweatherconditions.答案與解析1．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第六段最終一句．..butthedeerwillrunatalltimes.可知D項(xiàng)正確；從第十一小段．..becausetheanimalscanseeultravioletlight.可知B項(xiàng)正確；從第九小段Whengroundis...actlikespongestoprovidetraction(牽引力)．..可知A項(xiàng)正確。2．D詞義猜想題。從畫線后的becausetheanimalscanseeultravioletlight可知D項(xiàng)正確。3．B推理推斷題。從最終兩段內(nèi)容可知B項(xiàng)正確。4．B主旨大意題。從其次段Nowpolicetryingtomaintainlawintheregionare...andwanttousereindeertocombatcrime...可知B項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.完形填空J(rèn)oeSimpsonandSimonYateswerethefirstpeopletoclimbtheWestFaceoftheSiulaGrandeintheAndesmountains.Theyreachedthetop__1__，butontheirwaybackconditionswerevery__2__.Joefellandbrokehisleg.TheybothknewthatifSimon__3__alone,hewouldprobablygetback__4__.ButSimondecidedtoriskhis__5__andtrytolowerJoedownthemountainonarope(繩)．Asthey__6__down,theweathergotworse.Thenanother__7__occurred.Theycouldn'tseeorheareachotherand,__8__，Simonloweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁).Itwas__9__forJoetoclimbbackorforSimontopullhimup.Joe's__10__waspullingSimonslowlytowardstheprecipice.__11__，aftermorethananhourinthedarkandtheicycold,Simonhadto__12__.Intears,hecuttherope.Joe__13__intoahugecrevasse(裂縫)intheicebelow.Hehadnofoodorwaterandhewasinterriblepain.Hecouldn'twalk,buthe__14__togetoutofthecrevasseandstartedto__15__towardstheircamp,nearlytenkilometers__16__.Simonhad__17__thecampatthefootofthemountain.HethoughtthatJoemustbe__18__，buthedidn'twanttoleave__19__.Threedayslater,inthemiddleofthenight,heheardJoe'svoice.Hecouldn't__20__it.Joewasthere,afewmetersfromtheirtent,stillalive.1．A.hurriedly B．carefullyC．successfully D．early2．A.difficult B．similarC．special D．normal3．A.climbed B．workedC．rested D．continued4．A.unwillingly B．safelyC．slowly D．regretfully5．A.fortune B．timeC．health D．life6．A.lay B．settledC．went D．looked7．A.damage B．stormC．change D．trouble8．A.bymistake B．bychanceC．bychoice D．byluck9．A.unnecessary B．practicalC．important D．impossible10．A.height B．weightC．strength D．equipment11．A.Finally B．PatientlyC．Surely D．Quickly12．A.standback B．takearestC．makeadecision D．holdon13．A.jumped B．fellC．escaped D．backed14．A.managed B．plannedC．waited D．hoped15．A.run B．skateC．move D．march16．A.around B．a(chǎn)wayC．a(chǎn)bove D．a(chǎn)long17．A.headedfor B．traveledtoC．leftfor D．returnedto18．A.dead B．hurtC．weak D．late19．A.secretly B．tiredlyC．immediately D．a(chǎn)nxiously20．A.find B．believeC．make D．a(chǎn)ccept答案與解析喬和西蒙是首批登上安第斯山脈SiulaGrande峰的人，但在下山時，由于氣候條件的變化，喬失足摔下，雖然摔斷了一條腿，但三天后西蒙聽到喬的聲音毀滅在離他們帳篷幾米遠(yuǎn)的地方。1．C依據(jù)空后的“butontheirwayback...”可推知他們成功登頂，故選successfully。2．A由空后的“Joefellandbrokehisleg.”可推知當(dāng)時的氣候條件確定很糟糕，故選difficult。3．D上句提到了喬失足摔下，故此處用continued表示“他們兩個都知道，假如西蒙獨(dú)自連續(xù)下去的話”。4．B此處用safely表示“他或許能夠平安地返回?！?．Dfortune“運(yùn)氣，財寶”；time“時間”；health“健康”；life“生命”。此處用life表示“但是西蒙打算拿自己的生命去冒險”。6．C此處用went表示“當(dāng)他們往山下去的時候，天氣變得更加糟糕。”7．D由上句中的“theweathergotworse”可知，另外的麻煩毀滅了，故選trouble。8．A由于上句提到了“Theycouldn'tseeorheareachother”，所以此處應(yīng)選擇bymistake，表示“他錯誤地把他的伴侶降到了峭壁的邊緣”。9．D由上句的“l(fā)oweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁)”可知，對喬來說，爬回來或者西蒙把他拽回來是不行能的，故選D項(xiàng)。10．B由于喬在峭壁的邊緣，所以他的體重把西蒙也漸漸地拉向了峭壁。故選B項(xiàng)。11．A由“aftermorethananhourinthedarkandtheicycold”可知，此處用Finally表示“最終……”。12．C此處用makeadecision表示“西蒙不得不下決心，割斷繩子”。13．B既然西蒙把繩子割斷了，所以喬掉進(jìn)了下面一個巨大的冰縫里。故選fell。14．A由上句的“Hecouldn'twalk”以及空前的but可知此處用managed表示“他設(shè)法從冰縫中爬了出去”。15．C由第一段內(nèi)容可知，此處應(yīng)選擇move表示“朝他們的營地移動”。16．B表示“他們的營地在接近10千米遠(yuǎn)的地方”要用away。17．Dheadfor“前往”；travelto“到……去”；leavefor“動身去……”；returnto“回到……”。此處用returnedto表示“西蒙已經(jīng)回到了山腳下的營地?！?8．A由空后的“buthedidn'twanttoleave”可知此處應(yīng)選擇dead與該段最終的alive呼應(yīng)，表示“他認(rèn)為喬確定死了。”19．C此處用immediately表示“他不想馬上離開?！?0．B此處用believe表示“他不敢信任這件事情是真的：喬就在距離他們的帳篷幾米遠(yuǎn)的地方，照舊活著”。Ⅲ.語法填空(2021·河南省周口市月考)A：IlikeEnglishverymuch.Onereasonis__1__itisimportantand__2__(frequent)usedininternationalbusiness.B：Yes.Itplaysanimportantpart__3__themodernworld.__4__presentalargenumberofpeople__5__learningitandthenumberofthepeoplelearningEnglish__6__increasing.A：__7__weallknow,therearealotof__8__(express)usedindailycommunication.CouldyouspeakstandardEnglish?B：No,butbelieve__9__ornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.WhatweneedtodoistospeakfluentEnglishandmakeuse__10__thelanguageasoftenaspossible.A：Maybeyouareright.Let'stryourbest.答案與解析1．thatthat引導(dǎo)表語從句，無意義，也不充當(dāng)任何句子成分。2．frequently修飾實(shí)義動詞用副詞。3．inplayanimportantpartin在……中起作用。4．Atatpresent目前，現(xiàn)在。5．a(chǎn)realargenumberof...作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。6．isthenumberof...作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。7．Asasweallknow就我們所知。8．expressionsalotof后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞。9．itbelieveitornot信不信由你。10．ofmakeuseof利用。Ⅳ.短文改錯DearLucy，Iamveryexcitedtolearnthatyou'recomingtoXi'anfortravel.Bothmyparentmissyoualot.Soisourfriend,Ruby.AprilisbesttimeoftheyeartovisitXi'an.Thereisonlyafewrainandtheweatherisneithertoohotortoocold.Therearesom