機械精度設(shè)計與檢測課件：基本偏差的計算（三）

基本偏差的計算（三）《機械精度設(shè)計與檢測》

目錄基本偏差計算相關(guān)表格和公式01孔和軸的基本偏差計算02內(nèi)容基本偏差計算相關(guān)表格1.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)公差數(shù)值表表標(biāo)準(zhǔn)公差數(shù)值（GB/T1800.1-2009）公差等級IT01IT0IT1IT2IT3IT4IT5IT6IT7IT8IT9IT10IT11IT12IT13IT14IT15IT16IT17IT18基本尺寸/mm/μm/mm~30.30.50.81.2234610142540600.100.140.250.400.601.01.4>3~60.40.611.52.545812183048750.120.180.300.480.751.21.8>6~00.40.611.52.546915223658900.150.220.360.580.901.52.2>10~180.50.81.2235811182743701100.180.270.430.701.101.82.7>18~300.611.52.546912213352841300.210.330.520.841.302.13.3>30~500.611.52.54711162539621001600.250.390.621.001.602.53.9>50～800.81.2235813193046741201900.300.460.741.201.903.04.6>80~12011.52.5461015223554871402200.350.540.871.402.203.55.4>120~1801.223.55812182540631001602500.400.631.001.602.504.06.3>180~250234.571014202946721151852900.460.721.151.852.904.67.2>250~3152.54681216233252811302103200.520.811.302.103.205.28.1>315~40035791318253657891402303600.570.891.402.303.605.78.9>400~500468101520274063971552504000.630.971.552.504.006.39.7內(nèi)容基本偏差計算相關(guān)表格2.軸的基本偏差數(shù)值表表軸的基本偏差值（GB/T1800.1-2009）（總表）基本尺寸/mm基本偏差上偏差es下偏差ei所有公差等級5,6784~7≤3>7大于至abccddeefffgghjsjk?3?270?140?60?34?20?14?10?6?4?20偏差等于?2?4?60036?270?140?70?46?30?20?14?10?6?40?2?4?+10610?280?150?80?56?40?25?18?13?8?50?2?5?+101014?290?150?95??50?32??16??60?3?6?+1014181824?300?160?110??65?40??20??70?4?8?+2024303040?310?170?120??80?50??25??90?5?10?+204050?320?180?1305065?340?190?140??100?60??30??100?7?12?+206580?360?200?15080100?380?220?170??120?72??36??120?9?15?+30100120?410?240?180120140?460?260?200??145?85??43??140?11?18?

+3

0140160?520?280?210160180?580?310?230180200?660?340?240??170?100??50??150?13?21?+40200225?740?380?260225250?820?420?280250280?920?480?300??190?110??56??170?16?26?+40280315?1050?540?330315355?1200?600?360??210?125??62??180?18?28?+40355400?1350?680?400400450?1500?760?440??230?135??68??200?20?32?+50450500?1650?840?480基本尺寸/mm基本偏差下偏差ei所有公差等級大于至mnprstuvxyzzazbzc?3+2+4+6+10+14?+18?+20?+26+32+40+6036+4+8+12+15+19?+23?+28?+35+42+50+80610+6+10+15+19+23?+28?+34?+42+52+67+971014+7+12+18+23+28?+33?+40?+50+64+90+1301418+39+45?+60+77+108+1501824+8+15+22+28+35?+41+47+54+63+73+98+136+1882430+41+48+55+64+75+88+118+160+2183040+9+17+26+34+43+48+60+68+80+94+112+148+200+274405054+70+81+97+114+136+180+242+3255065+11+20+32+41+53+66+87+102+122+144+172+226+300+4056580+43+59+75+102+120+146+174+210+274+360+48080100+13+23+37+51+71+91+124+146+178+214+258+335+445+585100120+54+79+104+144+172+210+254+310+400+525+690120140+15+27+43+63+92+122+170+202+248+300+365+470+620+800140160+65+100+134+190+228+280+340+415+535+700+900160180+68+108+146+210+252+310+380+465+600+780+1000180200+17+31+50+77+122+166+236+284+350+425+520+670+880+1150200225+80+130+180+258+310+385+470+575+740+960+1250225250+84+140+196+284+340+425+520+640+820+1050+1350250280+20+34+56+94+158+218+315+385+475+580+710+920+1200+1550280315+98+170+240+350+425+525+650+790+1000+1300+1700315355+21+37+62+108+190+268+390+475+590+730+900+1150+1500+1900355400+114+208+294+435+530+660+820+1000+1300+1650+2100400450+23+40+68+126+232+330+490+595+740+920+1100+1450+1850+2400450500+132+252+360+540+660+820+1000+1250+1600+2100+2600內(nèi)容基本偏差計算相關(guān)表格3.孔的基本偏差數(shù)值表表孔的基本偏差值（GB/T1800.1-2009）（總表）基本尺寸/mm基本偏差下偏差EI上偏差ES所有公差等級678≤8>8≤8>8≤8>8大于至ABCCDDEEFFFGGJKMN?3+270+140+60+34+20+14+10+6+4+2+2+4+600?2?2?4?436+270+140+70+46+30+20+14+10+6+4+5+6+10?1+Δ??4+Δ?4?8+Δ0610+280+150+80+56+40+25+18+13+8+5+5+8+12?1+Δ??6+Δ?6?10+Δ01014+290+150+95?+50+32?+16?+6+6+10+15?1+Δ??7+Δ?7?12+Δ014181824+300+160+110?+65+40?+20?+7+8+12+20?2+Δ??8+Δ?8?15+Δ024303040+310+170+120?+80+50?+25?+9+10+14+24?2+Δ??9+Δ?9?17+Δ04050+320+180+1305065+340+190+140?+100+60?+30?+10+13+18+28?2+Δ??11+Δ?11?20+Δ06580+360+200+15080100+380+220+170?+120+72?+36?+12+16+22+34?3+Δ??13+Δ?13?23+Δ0100120+410+240+180120140+460+260+200?+145+85?+43?+14+18+26+41?3+Δ??15+Δ?15?27+Δ0140160+520+280+210160180+580+310+230180200+660+340+240?+170+100?+50?+15

+22+30+47?4+Δ??17+Δ?17?31+Δ0200225+740+380+260225250+820+420+280250280+920+480+300?+190+110?+56?+17+25+36+55?4+Δ??20+Δ?20?34+Δ0280315+1050+540+330315355+1200+600+360?+210+125?+62?+18+29+39+60?4+Δ??21+Δ?21?37+Δ0355400+1350+680+400400450+1500+760+440?+230+135?+68?+20+33+43+66?5+Δ??23+Δ?23?40+Δ0450500+1650+840+480基本尺寸/mm基本偏差Δ值上偏差ES公差等級≤IT7>IT7標(biāo)準(zhǔn)公差等級大于至P~ZCPRSTUVXYZZAZBZC345678?3

在大于7級的相應(yīng)數(shù)值上增加一個Δ?6?10?14??18??20??26?32?40?6000000036?12?15?19??23??28??35?42?50?8011.51346610?15?19?23??28??34??42?52?67?9711.523671014?18?23?28??33??40??50?64?90?1301233791418?39?45??60?77?108?1501824?22?28?35??41?47?54?63?73?98?136?1881.52348122430?41?48?55?64?75?88?118?160?2183040?26?34?43?48?60?68?80?94?112?148?200?2741.53459144050?54?70?81?97?114?136?180?242?3255065?32?41?53?66?87?102?122?144?172?226?300?405235611166580?43?59?75?102?120?146?174?210?274?360?48080100?37?51?71?91?124?146?178?214?258?335?445?58524571319100120?64?79?104?144?172?210?254?310?400?525?690120140?43?63?92?122?170?202?248?300?365?470?620?80034671523140160?65?100?134?190?228?280?340?415?535?700?900160180?68?108?146?210?252?310?380?465?600?780?1000180200?50?77?122?166?236?284?350?425?520?670?880?115034691726200225?80?130?180?258?310?385?470?575?740?960?1250225250?84?140?196?284?340?425?520?640?820?1050?1350250280?56?94?158?218?315?385?475?580?710?920?1200?155044792029280315?98?170?240?350?425?525?650?790?1000?1300?1700315355?62?108?190?268?390?475?590?730?900?1150?1500?1900457112132355400?114?208?294?435?530?660?820?1000?1300?1650?2100400450?68?126?232?330?490?595?740?920?1100?1450?1850?2400557132334450500?132?252?360?540?660?820?1000?1250?1600?2100?2600內(nèi)容基本偏差計算相關(guān)表格4.偏差計算公式術(shù)語定義符號孔軸偏差極限尺寸或?qū)嶋H尺寸與基本尺寸的代數(shù)差

極限偏差上偏差極限尺寸與基本尺寸的代數(shù)差ES=Dmax?Des=dmax?d下偏差EI=Dmin?Dei=dmin?d基本偏差靠近零線的那個偏差，A～J是EI，J～ZC是ES，a～j是es，j～zc是ei實際偏差實際尺寸與基本尺寸的代數(shù)差Da?Dda?d尺寸公差允許尺寸的變動范圍Th=Dmax?Dmin=ES?EITs=dmax?dmin=es?ei標(biāo)準(zhǔn)公差I(lǐng)T國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的任一公差ES=EI+Th,es=ei+Ts內(nèi)容例1：查表計算軸f25f6的基本偏差和另外一個偏差查軸的基本偏差數(shù)值表，f25在24-30mm區(qū)間，對應(yīng)f的基本偏差為-20μm，是上偏差，因此有es=-20μm。孔和軸的基本偏差計算內(nèi)容例1：查表計算軸f25f6的基本偏差和另外一個偏差查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)公差數(shù)值表，f25在18-30mm區(qū)間，IT6=12μm，因此下偏差ei=es-IT6=-32μm孔和軸的基本偏差計算公差等級IT01IT0IT1IT2IT3IT4IT5IT6IT7IT8IT9IT10IT11IT12IT13IT14IT15IT16IT17IT18基本尺寸/mm/μm/mm~30.30.50.81.2234610142540600.100.140.250.400.601.01.4>3~60.40.611.52.545812183048750.120.180.300.480.751.21.8>6~00.40.611.52.546915223658900.150.220.360.580.901.52.2>10~180.50.81.2235811182743701100.180.270.430.701.101.82.7>18~300.611.52.546912213352841300.210.330.520.841.302.13.3>30~500.611.52.54711162539621001600.250.390.621.001.602.53.9>50～800.81.2235813193046741201900.300.460.741.201.903.04.6>80~12011.52.5461015223554871402200.350.540.871.402.203.55.4>120~1801.223.55812182540631001602500.400.631.001.602.504.06.3>180~250234.571014202946721151852900.460.721.151.852.904.67.2>250~3152.54681216233252811302103200.520.811.302.103.205.28.1>315~40035791318253657891402303600.570.891.402.303.605.78.9>400~500468101520274063971552504000.630.971.552.504.006.39.7內(nèi)容孔和軸的基本偏差計算例2：查表計算軸f60s7的基本偏差和另外一個偏差查軸的基本偏差數(shù)值表，f60在50-65mm區(qū)間，對應(yīng)s的基本偏差為+53μm，是下偏差，因此有ei=+53μm?；境叽?mm基本偏差下偏差ei所有公差等級大于至mnprstuvxyzzazbzc?3+2+4+6+10+14?+18?+20?+26+32+40+6036+4+8+12+15+19?+23?+28?+35+42+50+80610+6+10+15+19+23?+28?+34?+42+52+67+971014+7+12+18+23+28?+33?+40?+50+64+90+1301418+39+45?+60+77+108+1501824+8+15+22+28+35?+41+47+54+63+73+98+136+1882430+41+48+55+64+75+88+118+160+2183040+9+17+26+34+43+48+60+68+80+94+112+148+200+274405054+70+81+97+114+136+180+242+3255065+11+20+32+41+53+66+87+102+122+144+172+226+300+4056580+43+59+75+102+120+146+174+210+274+360+48080100+13+23+37+51+71+91+124+146+178+214+258+335+445+585100120+54+79+104+144+172+210+254+310+400+525+690120140+15+27+43+63+92+122+170+202+248+300+365+470+620+800140160+65+100+134+190+228+280+340+415+535+700+900160180+68+108+146+210+252+310+380+465+600+780+1000180200+17+31+50+77+122+166+236+284+350+425+520+670+880+1150200225+80+130+180+258+310+385+470+575+740+960+1250225250+84+140+196+284+340+425+520+640+820+1050+1350250280+20+34+56+94+158+218+315+385+475+580+710+920+1200+1550280315+98+170+240+350+425+525+650+790+1000+1300+1700315355+21+37+62+108+190+268+390+475+590+730+900+1150+1500+1900355400+114+208+294+435+530+660+820+1000+1300+1650+2100400450+23+40+68+126+232+330+490+595+740+920+1100+1450+1850+2400450500+132+252+360+540+660+820+1000+1250+1600+2100+2600內(nèi)容孔和軸的基本偏差計算例2：查表計算軸f60s7的基本偏差和另外一個偏差查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)公差數(shù)值表，f60在50-80mm區(qū)間，IT7=30μm，因此上偏差es=ei+IT7=83μm公差等級IT01IT0IT1IT2IT3IT4IT5IT6IT7IT8IT9IT10IT11IT12IT13IT14IT15IT16IT17IT18基本尺寸/mm/μm/mm~30.30.50.81.2234610142540600.100.140.250.400.601.01.4>3~60.40.611.52.545812183048750.120.180.300.480.751.21.8>6~00.40.611.52.546915223658900.150.220.360.580.901.52.2>10~180.50.81.2235811182743701100.180.270.430.701.101.82.7>18~300.611.52.546912213352841300.210.330.520.841.302.13.3>30~500.611.52.54711162539621001600.250.390.621.001.602.53.9>50～800.81.2235813193046741201900.300.460.741.201.903.04.6>80~12011.52.5461015223554871402200.350.540.871.402.203.55.4>120~1801.223.55812182540631001602500.400.631.001.602.504.06.3>180~250234.571014202946721151852900.460.721.151.852.904.67.2>250~3152.54681216233252811302103200.520.811.302.103.205.28.1>315~40035791318253657891402303600.570.891.402.303.605.78.9>400~500468101520274063971552504000.630.971.552.504.006.39.7內(nèi)容例3：查表計算孔f25F7的基本偏差和另外一個偏差查孔的基本偏差數(shù)值表，f25在24-30mm區(qū)間，對應(yīng)F的基本偏差為+20μm，是下偏差，因此有EI=+20μm。孔和軸的基本偏差計算內(nèi)容例3：查表計算孔f25F7的基本偏差和另外一個偏差查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)公差數(shù)值表，f25在18-30mm區(qū)間，IT7=21μm，因此上偏差ES=EI+IT6=+41μm孔和軸的基本偏差計算公差等級IT01IT0IT1IT2IT3IT4IT5IT6IT7IT8IT9IT10IT11IT12IT13IT14IT15IT16IT17IT18基本尺寸/mm/μm/mm~30.30.50.81.2234610142540600.100.140.250.400.601.01.4>3~60.40.611.52.545812183048750.120.180.300.480.751.21.8>6~00.40.611.52.546915223658900.150.220.360.580.901.52.2>10~180.50.81.2235811182743701100.180.270.430.701.101.82.7>18~300.611.52.546912213352841300.210.330.520.841.302.13.3>30~500.611.52.54711162539621001600.250.390.621.001.602.53.9>50～800.81.2235813193046741201900.300.460.741.201.903.04.6>80~12011.52.5461015223554871402200.350.540.871.402.203.55.4>120~1801.223.55812182540631001602500.400.631.001.602.504.06.3>180~250234.571014202946721151852900.460.721.151.852.904.67.2>250~3152.54681216233252811302103200.520.811.302.103.205.28.1>315~40035791318253657891402303600.570.891.402.303.605.78.9>400~500468101520274063971552504000.630.971.552.504.006.39.7內(nèi)容孔和軸的基本偏差計算例4：查表計算孔f25P8的基本偏差和另外一個偏差查孔的基本偏差數(shù)值表，f25在24-30mm區(qū)間，對應(yīng)P的基本偏差為-22μm，是上偏差，因此有ES=-22μm。內(nèi)容孔和軸的基本偏差計算例4：查