專題41 9BU1-2023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識點一遍過（江蘇專用）

9BU1-2023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識點一遍過（江蘇專用）過單詞短語過單詞短語Comicstrip&WelcometotheunitTheGreatWallisamazing,isn’tit?【拓展】反義疑問句的幾種特殊形式1.)不定代詞everyone,someone,somebody,everybody等做陳述句的主語時，附加問句的主語在正式語體中用they.Eg:someonewenthome,didn’the/they?有人回家了不是嗎？2.)陳述部分含有never，seldom，no,nothing,nobody,few,little等表示否定意義的詞時，反問部分用肯定形式。Eg:YouhaveneverbeentoBeijingbefore,haveyou?Shehasfewclosefriends,doesshe?3.)前面是祈使句，其反義疑問句的表達方式為：

Eg:Let'smeetattheairport,shallwe?Letusgoswimming,willyou?

4.)當陳述句中出現(xiàn)hadbetter時，附加問句用hadn’t.Eg:you’dbetteraskthepoliceman,hadn’tyou?你最好問問警察好不好5.)this,that,something,everything,anything,nothing以及動詞不定式（短語）現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）等作陳述句的主語時，附加問句的主語長用it.Eg:Thisisn’tagoodbook,isit?Everythingisready,isn’tit?6.)therebe句型中的附加問句用“bethere/benotthere?”Eg:Thereislittlemilkintheglass,isthere?7.)當陳述句部分是“Ithink/believe…+that從句時，附加問句主語和謂語應從句的人稱，數(shù)和時態(tài)保持一致。Eg:Ithinksheisright,isn’tshe?【例題】1.Theoldmancanhardlydresshimself.(改為反意疑問句)Theoldmancanhardlydresshimself,______?2.Jimisill.Let’sgoandseehimafterschool.(改為反意疑問句)Jimisill.Let’sgoandseehimafterschool，__________?3.Thereislittlefruitinthefridge.(改為反意疑問句)Thereislittlefruitinthefridge,________?【答案】canhe;shallwe;isthere2.Itistiringtoclimbthesteps.【解析】tiringadj.使人疲勞的，是人勞累的；修飾物tiredadj.疲勞的，累的，修飾人【拓展】betiredwith…因……而疲勞betiredof…對……感到厭煩3.Iamtakingarest.【解析】此處用現(xiàn)在進行時表示即將發(fā)生的動作，即說話前已經(jīng)計劃好的事情?！就卣埂坑⒄Z中一些表示位置移動的動詞（如：gocomeleavestayarriveflystartbeginplanmovewalkridedrivetake等）通常用現(xiàn)在進行時表示已經(jīng)計劃好的，將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生的動作。Eg:TheBlacksareleavingforBeijingIhearyouaredrivingtoSuzhouforyourholiday.4.We’dbetterkeepmoving.（1）hadbetter意為“最好”常用來表示對別人的建議和勸告，或表達一種愿望。hadbetterdosth最好做某事/hadbetternotdosth最好不要做某事（2）keepdoingsth“繼續(xù)做某事,一直做某事”相當于keepondoingsth.【拓展】keepsb.fromdoingsth阻止某人做某事keepsb/sthdoingsth使某人或某物一直做某事5.Wakemeuponyourwayback.wakeup是動詞+副詞詞組1)若后面的賓語是名詞的話，可放在副詞后面，也可放在兩詞中間；如：putupamap=putamapup2)若賓語是代詞（如：it或them）的話，則只能放在動詞和副詞的中間。如：putituptakethemaway6.Thankyouforyoursuggestion.【解析】(1)Thankyouforsth/doingsth(2)suggestionn.“建議，意見”可數(shù)名詞【拓展】suggestv.suggeststhtosbsuggestdoingsthadvicen.“建議”不可數(shù)名詞一條建議apieceofadviceadvisev.建議advisesbtodosth注意：建議某人做某事不能用suggestsbtodosthReading1.InthemiddleoftheancientcityofBeijingisthePalaceMuseum,alsocalledtheForbiddenCity.inthemiddleof“在……中間”即可以用于空間也可以用于時間和活動等。Middle指長形物的中央，道路兩側(cè)的中間，或某期間，表示的位置沒有center精確只與介詞in連用center指圓，球或城市中心，只用于空間，可與介詞in或at連用2.TheemperorsoftheMingandQingdynastiesusedtolivethere.【解析】usedtodosth.過去常常做某事e.g.1.Ohboy,Iusedtodosomecrazythings.哦，小家伙！我過去常干些傻事兒。2.Whatdidheusedtodo?他以前經(jīng)常是做什么的？3.IusedtodoeverydaythingsforChairmanMao.我過去常為主席做些日常事務?！就卣埂縰sedtodo，beusedto(doing)sth，beusedtodo，getusedto(doing)sth的區(qū)別①usedtodo，用于過去式，表示過去常常做某事（暗含現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做了）②beusedto+名詞或動名詞表示“習慣于某事或做某事”，后面的動詞須用-ing形式。I’vebecomeusedtohavingfood.我已習慣吃這樣的食品。③beusedtodo表示“被用來做某事”，這里beused是被動語態(tài)，后面接不定式。Thisroomisusedtostorerice.這間屋是用來存放稻谷的。=4\*GB3④getusedto(doing)sth表示“變得習慣于...”強調(diào)習慣做某事這一動作用。3.Itwasturnedintoamuseumin1925.【解析】turnsth.intosth.把…變成…Eg:TurnthesentenceintoEnglish.【拓展】turnon/off/up/downturnto轉(zhuǎn)到，把…轉(zhuǎn)向turnover翻轉(zhuǎn)turnaround轉(zhuǎn)向，轉(zhuǎn)過去takeone’sturn輪流4.Manytouristsliketogatherthereearlyinthemoringtowatchtheraisingofthenatinalflag.許多游客喜歡一大早聚集在哪里觀看升旗儀式。【解析】raisingn.升起raisevt.舉起，提起（某物）提高；提高（價格等）；養(yǎng)育；籌集，強調(diào)依靠外界的力量【拓展】rise&raise區(qū)別rise是不及物動詞，而arise是及物動詞。rise是不及物動詞，不用跟賓語，沒有被動語態(tài)。因此我們說thesunrisesup.太陽升起來了。用的是這個詞的主動語態(tài)。表示主語本身的動作。raise是及物動詞，后面一定要有賓語。Heraisesitup.他把它舉起來了?！纠洹縏hesuitcaseistooheavyformetoraise.這個行李箱太重，我舉不起來。Ihavetoraisemyvoicesothateveryonecanhearmeclearly.為了讓每個人挺清楚，我不得不提高嗓音。Hewenttoaskforaraise.他要求增加工資。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太陽東升西落。5.Withwonderfulbuildingsandarttreasuresinside,itiswellworthavisit.【解析】worthadj.beworthsthbe(well)worthdoing注意：worth是表語形容詞，不可以作定語。6.Itisoneofthewondersoftheword.【解析】wondern.奇跡v.Iwonderwhatreallyhappened.我想知道究竟出了什么事。adj.wonderful極好的；美妙的7.ItliesonthetwosidesofLijiangRiver.【解析】lie(liedliedlyinglies)說謊；謊言（n.）lie(laylainlyinglies)位于，躺，平放lay(laidlaidlayinglays)放置，下蛋口訣：規(guī)則的撒謊，不規(guī)則的躺，躺過就下蛋。8.Somehangdown,andotherspointupwards.【解析】hangvt.垂下，懸掛Mymotherhungthewashingonthelinetodry.hangvi.上吊，絞死Hehangedhimselftwohoursafterarrivingatamentalhospital.注意：hang意為垂下，懸掛時其過去式&過去分詞分別為hung;hunghang意為上吊，絞死時其過去式&過去分詞分別為hanged;hanged9.Guilinisfamousforitsbeautifullandscape.【解析】befamousfor因/以……而著名相當于bewell-knownfor【辨析】befamousfor因/以……而著名/出名/聞名表示人或物之所以聞名的原因例：GongLiisfamousforherfineacting.befamousas以……(身份)而著名as后接表示職業(yè)的名詞例：QiBaishiwasfamousasanartistintheworld.befamousto對……來說是著名的to后常接人例：Thepopsingerisfamoustotheyoungpeople.10.Youneedtobuyabicycletoridearoundthecountryside.【解析】need實義動詞“需要”有人稱和時態(tài)的變化needtodosth【拓展】need情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化needdoingsth主語是動作的承受者，表示被動的動作，相當于needtobedoneeg:Thebikeneedsrepairing.GrammarThepalaceisaChinesegardenandmainlyincludesahillandalake.【解析】Includevt.其后常跟名詞，代詞，或動詞-ing做賓語?！就卣埂縤ncludingprep.包括……在內(nèi)后跟名詞/代詞構(gòu)成的介詞短語，在句中做狀語，對主句做補充說明，一般用逗號與主句隔開。Eg:Therearethirtypeopleinall,includingus.Thelakeisverybig-ittakesupthreequartersofthearea.【解析】占據(jù)（空間）占用（時間或精力）Eg:Idon’twanttotakeuptoomuchofyourtime.【拓展】takeaway拿走takeplace發(fā)生takeoff起飛；脫掉takeaction采取行動have/takepityon同情Itwasfrozen,sowecouldnotrowaboatthere.【解析】frozenadj.凍結(jié)的；結(jié)冰的eg:Itwascoldnowandthegroundwasfrozenhard.【拓展】frozev.結(jié)冰；凝固freezingn.冰點adj.極冷的；凍結(jié)的eg:whenthetemperatureisbelowfreezing,freshwaterwillfreeze.TheexchangestudentsleftforShanghai.【解析】Leavev.動身，離開【拓展】Leavevt.留下；忘帶；n.請假，休假Eg:Ileftmykeysathomethismorning.Eg:Youmustaskforleaveifyouhavenotime.注意：把某物留在某地，應用leave不用forget【解析】Leave指“遺忘某物在某地”其后可接地點或場所。Forget意為“忘記，遺忘”主要強調(diào)遺忘了某件事或某件東西，其后不接表示地點的狀語。Thetrafficisoftenbusy,butpublictransporthereisquitegood,soitiseasyforpeopletogetaround.【解析】traffic不可數(shù)名詞,意為“交通，路上行駛的車輛”。形容交通擁擠用heavybusybad等詞。IntegratedskillsLeaveJapanforanotherAsiacountry【解析】another另一個三者或三者以上的人或事物中的另一個，其后面常跟單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞?！颈嫖觥縪ther/others意思為別的，other+名詞相當于others,因前面以提到該名詞，所以后面用others代替theother與one連用構(gòu)成one…theother….theothers“theother+名詞相當于theothers意為其余的Lookdown向下看【拓展】Lookout當心，向外看lookup查找，向上看lookthrough/around瀏覽Lookgoodonsb穿在某人身上看上去不錯lookgoodinsth穿……看上去不錯Task1…….thesecondlargestpopulationintheworld……【解析】Population意為人口，人口總數(shù)。它是集體名詞，沒有復數(shù)形式，不能用數(shù)詞來修飾，但可以與a/the連用。(1)Population作主語時謂語動詞用三單Eg:Thepopulationofthecityisgrowingveryfast.(2)當poupulation前有分數(shù)和百分數(shù)修飾并且做主語時，謂語動詞應用復數(shù)形式。Twothirdsofthepopulationofthattownareveryrich.(3)表示“人口眾多”時習慣上用，large或big表示人口稀少時用small而不用many,much/few,little(4)詢問人口多少時，通常用what,不用howmany/howmuch;常用what’sthepopulationof…?(5)表示人口增加或減少時用grow/increase或fall/decrease而不用more/lessEg:By2017thepopulationofthecitywillfallto8,000,000.表示某地有多少人口用：thepopulationof….is…./haveapopulationof… 過語法過語法人稱代詞it指人it指人主要用于指不性別不明的嬰兒或用于確認某人的身份。如：Isitaboyoragirl?是男孩還是女孩?Thereisaknockonthedoor.Itmustbethepostman.有人在敲門，一定是郵遞員。【說明】在答語中，常用來指本人，如說It’sme。非人稱代詞it1.基本用法it作非人稱代詞的用法，主要用于指時間、距離、價值、天氣、氣候及溫度等自然現(xiàn)象。如：Itrainedalldayyesterday.昨天下了一天的雨。2.用于某些句型1）It’stimeforsth.該做某事了。2）It’stimeforsbtodosth.某人該干某事了。3）It’sone’sturntodosth輪到某人做某事4）It’sfirst(second)time+that-從句.某人第幾次干某事。(從句謂語用現(xiàn)在完成時)5）It’s+時間段+since-從句.自從……有一段時間了=Ithasbeen+一段時間+that從句6）It’s+時間段+before-從句.過多長的時間才……7）It’sbelieved/reported/said/considered/that從句引導詞it

1.Itis+被強調(diào)部分+that...ItwasyesterdaythatImetyourfatherinthestreet．

ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourfatheryesterday．注意：被強調(diào)部分為人時，可用who(主格或賓格)和whom(賓格)代替that，用that也行。Itwasyourfatherthat/whom/whoImetinthestreetyesterday．

比較：1)Itwasteno'clockwhenwegothomelastnight．我們昨晚到家時已十點了。

2)Itwasatteno'clockthatwegothomelastnight．我們昨晚是在十點到家的。

It的一些習慣用法That’sit.這就對了。Makeit.成功做到。Gotit.明白了。can’thelpit.沒有辦法。重難點訓練重難點訓練一、翻譯句子1．她常常夢想能觀看升國旗儀式。2．你知道哪個國家是世界上第二大人口大國嗎?3．我發(fā)現(xiàn)和當?shù)厝私涣骱芾щy。4．南京是一座古城，位于長江兩岸。5、這個湖占了這個區(qū)域的四分之三。Thislake_______________________________________thearea.6、這家飯店給旅客提供了高水準的服務。Thishotel__________________________________thevisitor.7、據(jù)報道，到2016年，印度的人口將超過中國。It’sreportedthat________________________________thatofChinaby2016.8、我認為污染沒有我所想象的嚴重。Idon’tthinkthepollution____________________________________.9、中國是他們參觀過的第一個亞洲國家。Chinais_________________________________________.【答案】1．Shealwaysdreamsofwatchingtheraisingofthenationalflag.2．Doyouknowwhichcountryhasthesecondlargestpopulationintheworld?3．Ifoundit(was)hardtocommunicatewiththe1ocalpeople．4．Nanjingisanancientcitywhichliseonbothsides／thetwosides／eithersideof5.takesupthreequartersof6.providesahighlevelof7.thepopulationofIndiawillbelargerthan8.isas/soseriousasIimagined9.thefirstAsiancountrythattheyhavevisited二、動詞填空1.Thechildren_______________(fly)kitesonthesquarewhenitbegantorain.2.Weshouldmakecontributionsto_______________(build)ourcountry.3.Listen!Howbeautifulthemusic_______________(sound).4.Nohurry!I_______________(wait)foryouuntilyoufinishdrawingyourpicture.5.Youmustn’ttouchanythinginthelabunlessyou_______________(tell)to.6.Theteacheraswellasthestudents_______________(read)thisbookmanytimes.7.—Doyouknowwhat_______________(cause)himtolosethegame?—Hewasbusydoinghishomework.8.Duringyesterday’svisitinPekingUniversity,we_______________(remind)nottowalkonthegrass.9.Doyouhaveanyproblems_______________(pass)theexam?10.—HaveyouseenthenewestmovieCinderella?—Oh,Ithinkyou_______________(talk)abouttheonewhichisverypopularatpresent.【答案】wereflying2.building3.sounds4.willwait5.aretold6.hasread7.caused8.werereminded9.passing10.aretalking三、根據(jù)句意、首字母或中文提示，完成下列句子1．TheLeaningTowerofPisaisoneofthe______(奇跡)oftheworld．2．Youwillbe_____(吸引)bythebeautifuldesignofthebuildings．3．EveryMondaymorning，wewatchthe______(升起)ofthenationalflag．4．OurEnglishteacherhasovertwentyyears’teaching______(經(jīng)驗)．5．Comeandseethebeautifuls______inmyhometown．6．1decidedtoh______acarforthreedaysformyholiday．【答案】wondersattractedraisingexperiencesightshire四、單項填空()1.Themooncakesaredelicious.I’dliketoeat_______thirdonebecause_______secondoneistoosmall.A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a()2.—Yourwatchisquitenice.Wheredidyoubuy_______?—InSwiss.Doyouwanttohave_______likethis?A.it;oneB.it;itC.one;itD.one;one()3.—Whyareyouso_______,Lisa?—Oh,it’svery_______toclimbthehillstepbystep.A.tired;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiredD.tiring;tiring()4.It_______thathergrandmadied_______cancer.A.issaid;ofB.issaid;fromC.said;toD.says;for()5.NeilArmstrong,thefirstman_______onthemoon,passedawayonAugust25,2012.A.walkingB.walkedC.towalkD.towalking()6.Inthemiddleofthestudents_______ourmathsteacher.A.isB.areC.beD.tobe()7.Weallthink_______impolitetofool_______littlechildren.A.that;soB.that;suchC.it;soD.it;such()8.Jayisfamous_______asinger_______hissongs.A.as;asB.for;forC.for;asD.as;for()9.Readinginbedisbadforeyes,_______?A.isitB.isn’titC.isreadingD.isn’treading()10._______ofthelandinthatplace_______coveredwithsandandrocks.A.Twofifths;isB.Threeeighth;isC.Threequarters;areD.Twothird;are()11.ThepopulationofChina_______over1.3billionandChinahasabiggerpopulationthan_______intheworld.A.is;anycountryB.is;anyothercountryC.are;theothercountriesD.are;anyothercountries()12.—Whowascallingyou_______thephonejustnow?—_______wasmycousin.A.in;ThisB.on;ThisC.in;ItD.on;It()13.—HowcanIgetonwellwithothers,Mom?—Trytosmiletoothers,boy.Thatwillmake_______much_______.A.them;easierB.them;moreeasyC.it;easyD.it;easier()14.Lookingaround,hefound_______wasnochairintheroomforhimto_______.A.there;sitonitB.it;sitonitC.there;sitonD.it;siton()15.—Excuseme,Iwonderifyoucanhelpme.—Sure._______?A.WhathelpB.WhatisthisC.What’sitD.Whatdoyouwant【答案】1-5CABAC6-10ADDBA11-15BDDCC五、完型填空Jenny,fromGermany,spentsometimetravelinginIndia.Whileshewasthere,shestayedwithherIndianfriend,Leela.However,therewasa1barrier(障礙)forherthere.Itwasvery2forhertocommunicateinthenewenvironment,whichwasverydifferentfromthatofherowncountry.Oneday,togetherwithLeela,Jennywentto3anorphanage(孤兒院).Allthechildrentherewereveryyoung.Atfirst,Jennywasnotsureifshecouldhaveawaytocommunicatewiththem.Shewentovertothechildren4andsatbesidethem.Aftersometime,oneofthechildren5ather.Shefeltalittlerelaxedandsmiledback.Thenshewentclosetothechild.Sheslowlyputherarmaroundthechildandstarted6asonginGerman.Thechildkeptsmilingandstartedrepeatingthewordsafterher.Jennysangalittlemoreandthechildfollowedheragain.Wantingtojoininthe7,anotherchildwentuptoJenny-andstartedsinging.Thenmorechildrenjoined.They8manysmilestogether.Fromtheothersideofthehall,Leelawassmilingandwatchingthem.NoticingLeela'seyesonher,Jennyhadan9feelingfromherheart:"See,Idon'thaveanylanguagebarriershere.Wecanspeakandcommunicate!"Atthatmoment,sheunderstood:we'reallsimplehuman,andwehavetheabilityto10witheachother.()l.A.transport B.foodC.language D.tour()2.A.niceB.strange C.lucky D.difficult()3.A.showB.visit C.build D.improve()4.A.slowlyB.early C.hardly D.easily()5.A.movedB.laughedC.shouted D.smiled()6.A.singingB.writingC.saying D.playing()7.A.clubB.talk C.fun D.dance()8.A.forgotB.rememberedC.shared D.missed()9.A.awfulB.excited C.active D.important()10.A.communicateB.laughC.stay D.travel【答案】CDBADACCBA六、閱讀理解Ahabitisanyactionthatwehaveperformedsooftenthatitbecomessomethingthatwedoalmostwithoutthinking.Someofthemarethoughttobebadhabits.Peoplespendcountlesshoursanddollarseachyeartryingtogetridof(除去)thesebadhabitsbutoftenfail.Why?Changeishardworkandthereisnoshortcuttoachieveit.However,thereisstillsomeadviceforyoutofollow.First,lookatwhyyoudoit.Inotherwords,what’stheresultofdoingthisthing?Ifyourbadhabitisshoutingatpeoplewhenyouareunhappyorunderpressure,whatdoyougetfromit?Itmaymakeyoufeelalittlebetterforthemoment.Ormaybeyouhaveabadhabitofleavingyourhomeworkundone.Theresultcouldbethatyougetmoretimetospend