2024年牛津深圳版中考英語(yǔ)閱讀填空與綜合閱讀

試題PAGE1試題閱讀填空題一、閱讀填空題的考查重點(diǎn)：閱讀填空題是一種新的任務(wù)題型，是在掌握基本詞匯量的前提下，考察對(duì)文章有效信息的歸納分析，從而概括總結(jié)。閱讀填空題不僅考查學(xué)生的詞匯量、對(duì)文章基本大意的掌握情況，還著重考查學(xué)生對(duì)所獲信息進(jìn)行加工處理的能力。這種能力是通過(guò)一定的練習(xí)，不斷積累總結(jié)出來(lái)的，因此閱讀填空題并不是僅僅對(duì)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)層面上的考查，更注重對(duì)語(yǔ)言的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力。二、閱讀填空題的特點(diǎn)分析：（一）設(shè)置題目的特點(diǎn)閱讀填空題的題目設(shè)置特點(diǎn)，簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)主要是大量的詞匯量上，深層面而言就是對(duì)文章信息的深層次挖掘和體會(huì)。設(shè)置題目的專家主要是根據(jù)選材，來(lái)讓學(xué)生對(duì)比閱讀，從而根據(jù)學(xué)生的閱讀水平和結(jié)果，科學(xué)設(shè)置題目。（二）選取文章的特點(diǎn)閱讀填空題的選材特點(diǎn)，主要選擇的是記敘文和說(shuō)明文，無(wú)論是哪種類型的文章，都要求學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀中獲得的信息進(jìn)行梳理并使之具有邏輯性，達(dá)到條理化的程度。在填空過(guò)程中，要準(zhǔn)確、高度的概括全文的主要內(nèi)容，對(duì)全文有一個(gè)清晰的梳理，層次清晰。再做具體的題目時(shí)候，把每個(gè)問(wèn)題細(xì)節(jié)化，對(duì)應(yīng)到相對(duì)的段落中去，這樣就能應(yīng)對(duì)自如，對(duì)號(hào)入座。三、閱讀填空題的解題步驟：（一）通讀全文，了解大意，重視首句，綜合判斷。首先跳過(guò)空格，不看選項(xiàng)，快速地閱讀全文，了解文章的主要內(nèi)容，理清文章的脈絡(luò)，判斷全文的時(shí)態(tài)，從整體上感知全文，掌握主題及大意。?注意：要重視首尾句，善于利用首句提供的信息要點(diǎn)，準(zhǔn)確抓住記敘文的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事物等要素。??（二）精讀文章，確定語(yǔ)義，綜合所學(xué)，全面分析。在把握短文大意后，再次認(rèn)真閱讀短文，利用上下文的語(yǔ)境，綜合所學(xué)知識(shí)，確定空格處所填詞的意義，再根據(jù)空格在句中的位置和前后搭配判斷其在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，從而確定所填詞的詞性，最后根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)搭配和語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，判斷所填詞的正確形式。注意：先易后難，即先考慮固定詞組、常見(jiàn)句型或明顯的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，再考慮名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等各種詞性之間的轉(zhuǎn)化形式。（三）復(fù)讀短文，重審文章，利用語(yǔ)境，核驗(yàn)答案。填入所缺的單詞之后，再次細(xì)讀全文，深入體會(huì)文章的含義，明確所填詞匯的合理性和準(zhǔn)確性。填完后應(yīng)整體閱讀一至兩遍，看看意思是否連貫、通順，首字母是否對(duì)應(yīng)，大、小寫(xiě)是否有誤，書(shū)寫(xiě)是否規(guī)范，有無(wú)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。注意：聯(lián)系上下文，驗(yàn)證答案，先內(nèi)容后語(yǔ)法，即先看上、下文內(nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章，再看語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無(wú)誤。四、閱讀填空題的解題方法：（一）若所填詞為名詞，要注意單復(fù)數(shù)形式、所有格的用法。不可數(shù)名詞都默認(rèn)為單數(shù)，所以常與is或者was連用，最好不要根據(jù)some,any,a?lot?of等詞去作判斷，以免受誤導(dǎo)。注意：1.可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化，如：sheep-sheep,mouse-mice,woman-women.2.不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量表達(dá)用“量詞+of”，如：a?glass?of?water,?a?piece?of?paper.3.有些名詞既可數(shù)又不可數(shù)，如：fish,time,orange,hair.（二）若所填詞為形容詞、副詞，要注意是否比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)形式，最高級(jí)前要加the。注意：1.形容詞變副詞+ly/ily，如：slow—slowly,?quick—quickly,?happy—happily.2.一些雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)在原級(jí)前加more或themost，如：beautiful-more?beautiful,quietly-more?quietly,?interesting-themost?interesting.?3.有些不規(guī)則變化的，如：good/well–better,many/much–more,old–older/elder.?4.“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”譯為“越來(lái)越?”5.“the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”譯為“越…越…”（三）若所填詞為動(dòng)詞，要考慮是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。若是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，若是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，分析該動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序，以及該非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與句子主語(yǔ)的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系。注意：1.各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)2.祈使句的句首、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加動(dòng)詞原型3.?一句話中不可出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（四）若所填詞為代詞，要考慮其指代的名詞是人還是物，單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，主格還是賓格，形容詞性物主代詞還是名詞性物主代詞，人稱代詞還是反身代詞，指示代詞還是不定代詞。注意：1.一般句首填人稱代詞主格或名詞性物主代詞（意為“誰(shuí)的什么東西”，一般有提示）2.如果空前是及物動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或介詞，填人稱代詞賓格或名詞性物主代詞3.句中若出現(xiàn)某個(gè)人名或者人稱代詞主格形式，且空處譯為“誰(shuí)自己”，填反身代詞（五）若所填詞為數(shù)詞，要注意基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的轉(zhuǎn)化形式。（六）若所填空沒(méi)有提示詞，一般填虛詞（介詞、連詞、冠詞）或常用的固定句型。注意：1.填介詞，要考慮動(dòng)詞和介詞的搭配、介詞和名詞的搭配等。2.填連詞，首先考慮并列連詞，其次考慮引導(dǎo)從句的從屬連詞。3.若是固定句型或詞組，注意瞻前顧后，有時(shí)搭配之間離得較遠(yuǎn)，很難一下分辨出來(lái)。五、閱讀填空題的解題技巧：所謂技巧即如何判斷空格處填什么詞性，判斷時(shí)先詞法后句法，先詞義后句意。（一）當(dāng)空格的前一個(gè)單詞是動(dòng)詞時(shí)，考慮填名詞、代詞或副詞（如：readbooks,askhim）；（二）當(dāng)空格的后一個(gè)單詞是名詞時(shí)，考慮填形容詞（如：interestingbooks）；（三）當(dāng)空格的前一個(gè)單詞是冠詞時(shí)，考慮填名詞或形容詞（如：ateacher,anhonestboy）；（四）當(dāng)空格的后一個(gè)單詞是形容詞時(shí)，考慮填副詞（如：reallygood）；（五）當(dāng)空格的后一個(gè)單詞是副詞時(shí)，考慮填動(dòng)詞（如：studycarefully）需要注意的是，以上五大技巧并不是絕對(duì)的，和漢語(yǔ)一樣，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言十分靈活，因此大家對(duì)英語(yǔ)也要活學(xué)活用，做題時(shí)懂得融會(huì)貫通，找到適合自己的解題方法。俗話說(shuō)，量變達(dá)到一定的程度才能引起質(zhì)變，所以要想擅長(zhǎng)做閱讀填空題，就要保證做一定量的題，大量做題不僅是數(shù)量要多，而且內(nèi)容要廣泛。想要真正提高英語(yǔ)水平就必須在不同的場(chǎng)合多接觸它們，掌握詞匯的不同含義和用法以及英文的習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式，而閱讀正是積累語(yǔ)言材料、豐富語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的過(guò)程。它不僅可以提高一個(gè)人的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)水平和答題技能，還可以增加語(yǔ)言背景知識(shí)和其他專業(yè)方面的知識(shí)?！倦S堂練習(xí)】（A）“IknowwhatIcando,soIneverdoubt1(I)”.Heiscalledthe“l(fā)ightningBolt”.Peopleseehimastheworld’sfastestman.UsainBoltwasborninJamaicaonAugust21,1986.Asakid,hespent2(much)ofhistimeplayingcricketandsoccer.Whenhestartedelementaryschool,hefoundhistalentforrunning.Laterinhighschool,hebegantofocusonrunning,andsooncaughttheworld’s3(attend).Boltsrunningcareerwasnotsmoothatthe4(begin)becauseofhisinjuries.Afterhe5(final)gothealthy,hewon9goldmedalsatthreeOlympics(2008.2012,2016).Ontopofwinninggoldinallthreeofhisevents(100m,200m,4x100mrelay),he6(break)theworldrecordinachone!Boltretiredafterheranatthe2017WorldChampionships（世錦賽）inLondoninAugust.Hehasbeenoneofakindandisoneofthe7(great)runnersofalltime.（B）Betsy?was?born?in?Brooklyn,?New?York.?Most?of?her?childhood?was?spent?in?NewYork?City,?in?a?housefilled1books.?It?was?then?that?she?grew?to?love?books?and?reading.?Before?she?became?a2(write),?Betsy?taught?kindergarten?and?first?grade.?The?best?part?of?the?school?day?for?her3(be)?story?time,?when?she?could?share?her?favorite?books?with?the?class.?She?decided4(try)?writing?her?own?children’s?books?after?she?met?her?husband,?illustrator（插畫(huà)家）Giulio.?Together,?they?have5(create)?many?books.?She?writes?the?words,andherhusband6(draw)?the?pictures.?Betsy?believes?that?writers?should?always?edittheir?own?work?and?then?ask?someoneelse?to?look?it?over.?“Your?editor?can?be?your?teacher,?one?of?your?parents,your7(old)brother?or?sister,?or?someone?in?your?class?who?is?good?at?writing.?Your?editor?will?seeyour?work8(different)?from?the?way?you?see?it,?so?you?will?get?a?new?point?of?view.”?Betsy?and?her?husband?like?to?travel,?and?they?sometimes?do?research?for?theirbooks?on9(they)?trips.?They?also?enjoy?talking?to?students?when?they?visit?schools?and10(library)．【課后作業(yè)】（A）I?was?in?a?shopping?mall,?so?I?decided?to?go?and?get?a?cup?of?coffee.?As?I?was?making?my?way?to?the?coffee?shop,?I?noticed?an?old?gentleman?poorly?dressed1(sit)?near?the?shop.?I?knew?from?the?first?sight?that?he?needed?help.?He?had?a?little?lunch?in?front?of?him?and?was?enjoying?it.?It?was?clear?there?wassomething?wrong2his?right?eye.?I?then?joined?the?line?and?waited?to?be3(serve)．?Then?one?of4(beautiful)?gestures（姿態(tài)）that?I?had?ever?seen?in?mylife?happened.?There?was?a?young?man?in?front?of?me?in?the?line?who?was?also?waiting?to?be?served.The?next?thing?I?knew?was?that?the?young?man?handed?the?waitress?20?dollars?and5(request)?a?glass?of?juice?as?a?favor（善行）.?Thewaitress?looked?at?the?young?man?a?little?perplexed,?not?fully?understanding?the?request.?That?was?when?the?young?man?asked?her6(give)?the?juice?totheold?gentlemaneating?his?lunch?outside,?as?well?as?the?change?from?the?20?dollars.?The?young?man?also?told?her?that?he?would?be?watching?every?second?so?that?she?would?be7(complete)?safe.?Then?there?was?a?wonderful?exchange8the?waitress?and?the?old?man.?I?only?wished?I?could?take?a?photo?of?the9(smile)?on?both?of?their?faces.?As?I?was?considering?this?event?later,?I?wondered?why?the?young?man?didn’t?perform?this?act?of?kindness10(he).?Maybe?he?was?hoping?that?this?act?of?kindness?might?inspire?others?to?do?something?for?this?old?man?as?well.?（B）?I?believe?there?are?many?things?that?we?can?do?to?make?life?in?our?town?a?lot?better?for?teenagers.?First?of?all,?I?think?more?bike?lanes?should1(build).?A?lot?of?teenagers?in?my?town?bike?everywhere,2it’s?very?dangerous?because?there?is?a?lot?of?traffic.?If?there?are?more?bike?lanes?in?the?future,?it?will?be?much3(safe)?for?us.4(two),?I?believe?that?we?need?more?places?for?teenagers?to?go?to.5my?opinion,?teenagerswillnot?cause?problems?in?the?street?if?there?are?more?places?for?us?to?go?to.?So?we?need?more6(club)?and?other?places?where?we?can?meet.?Thirdly,?teenagers?here?need?more?sports?facilities.There7(be)?places?to?play?ball?games?so?far?like?tennis?and?basketball,?but?what?about?other?sports,like8(skate)?and?rollerblading??Finally,?I’m?sure?we’ll?make?the?town?betterifwe9(do)?drop?litter.?If?we?all?do?something10(help)?now,?our?town?will?be?much?better?for?everyone?in?the?future.?（C）Thanks?to?the?nonprofit（非盈利的）program?Music?and?the?Brain,1(recent)?it?has?offered?Mayfield?School?keyboards,music?classes?and?teacher?training.?When?the?students?saw?piano?keyboards?in?neat?rows,they?were?quite?amazed.After?all,it?was?the2(one)time?for?them?to?see?something?like?that.With?the?help?of?the?program,the?children?become?morecreative?through?music.When?they?practise?playing?the?piano,they?have?to?be?3?(patience).The?students?need?all4(kind)of?abilities?to?work?together.?They?have?to?see?musical?notes?and?decode（解碼）them?in?their?brains.At?the?same?time,they?use?their?fingers?to?make?sounds.Music?improves?the?5(students)brains.?Music?has?a?special?connection?with?science?as?well.?You?can?see?that?many?scientists?are?good?at6?(play)musical?instruments:Einstein?played?the?violin,and?German?physicist?Max?Planck?played?the?piano?wonderfully.?In?a?word,to?earn?music7(be)beneficial.?參考答案【隨堂練習(xí)】(A)1.myself2.most3.attention4.beginning5.finally6.broke7.greatest(B)1.with 2.writer 3.was 4.totry 5.created 6.draws 7.elder 8.differently 9.their 10.libraries【課后作業(yè)】(A)1.sitting 2.with3.served4.themostbeautiful5.requested6.togive7.completely8.between9.smiles10.himself(B)1.bebuilt 2.but 3.safer 4.Secondly 5.In 6.clubs 7.havebeen 8.skating 9.don’t 10.helpful(C)1.recently2.first3.patient4.kinds5.students’6.playing7.is（19沈陽(yáng)中考）綜合閱讀一、命題特點(diǎn)：（一）兩篇閱讀，每篇5小題，共20分，通常一篇課內(nèi)文，一篇課外文；出題比較靈活，綜合性較強(qiáng)，考查學(xué)生的整體能力，是學(xué)生易丟分的部分（二）題型固定，主要分為同義詞（組）轉(zhuǎn)換、句型轉(zhuǎn)換、指代、翻譯、填詞、找中心詞（句），同義詞（組）轉(zhuǎn)化和句型轉(zhuǎn)換屬于偏積累類的題型；翻譯句子考查孩子平時(shí)對(duì)詞組、搭配、時(shí)態(tài)等掌握以及應(yīng)用情況；中心詞主要考查對(duì)文章的整體把握情況，但整體難度不大，孩子不易丟分；代詞要求學(xué)生掌握前后文的聯(lián)系；填詞難度較大，丟分較嚴(yán)重，是本題型中的難點(diǎn)。二．做題方法（一）同義詞（組）：顧名思義，同義詞（組）最基本的要做到詞義相同，但除了同義之外，還要注意時(shí)態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)等細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題。具體方法如下：1.積累類：此類比較簡(jiǎn)單，一般在授課過(guò)程中教師都會(huì)直接給出同義詞，直接應(yīng)用便可；例如should=oughtto=besupposed,each=every,achance=anopportunity2.根據(jù)自己已掌握的同義詞加前綴后綴進(jìn)行變化；例如possibility=probability(possible=probably),unluckily=unfortunately(luck=fortune)（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換：做題前注意觀察原句和改寫(xiě)句子，將兩個(gè)句子進(jìn)行對(duì)比，找出缺少的部分，即需要我們做出轉(zhuǎn)換的部分，缺什么補(bǔ)什么，同樣要注意時(shí)態(tài)等細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題1.積累類：此類和同義詞（組）轉(zhuǎn)換有些相似，比較簡(jiǎn)單，注意細(xì)節(jié)，不犯低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤；例如：Iarrivedattheairportontime.=Igottotheairportontime.2.主被動(dòng)互換：對(duì)句子觀察后發(fā)現(xiàn)原句和改寫(xiě)句子主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)互換，此時(shí)應(yīng)該發(fā)生句子主被動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)換PS:被動(dòng)句中的by可以省略，要通過(guò)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)bedone來(lái)判斷其語(yǔ)態(tài)Weusewatertowashdishes.=Waterisusedforwashingthedishes.（三）指代：確定代詞指代的單復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)代詞問(wèn)題檢查時(shí)可以把我們的答案代入原文中，如果符合語(yǔ)法以及句意要求，則指代回答沒(méi)有問(wèn)題1.前文找指代內(nèi)容：通常情況下指代的代詞指代的前文提到的內(nèi)容(1)形容詞性物主代詞：這類代詞的指代一定要把名詞所有格答出來(lái)（即’s）(2)前文沒(méi)提出來(lái)的概念，在指代時(shí)不能把該概念答出來(lái)，此用法參考8AUnit4MorePractice第一段最后一句話it指代問(wèn)題，此it指代hisinvention,而不能答aballpointpen,原因如上(3)冠詞a/an/the的添加，注意指代部分是泛指還是特指，正確使用冠詞2.后文找指代內(nèi)容：it做形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，it指代todo不定式ItisdifficultformetostudyMathswell.It指代TostudyMathswell（PS:注意T大寫(xiě)）（四）翻譯句子：翻譯句子一定要注意搭配問(wèn)題，介詞搭配是易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)，翻譯時(shí)一定要聯(lián)系上下文，注意整篇文章的時(shí)態(tài)以及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題（五）填詞：難度偏大，考點(diǎn)比較綜合，孩子不易總結(jié)方法，主要是聯(lián)系上下文，出現(xiàn)理解偏差問(wèn)題1.固定搭配：填詞類問(wèn)題，首先考慮的一定是固定搭配，平時(shí)注意對(duì)詞組的積累，找到固定搭配的關(guān)鍵詞即可，此類填詞在于固定搭配之間單詞比較多，容易忽略2.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與連詞的關(guān)系：此類適用于從句較多的填詞，句子中最重要的詞便是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，找準(zhǔn)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，減去1便是應(yīng)該有的連詞數(shù)，通過(guò)這種方式對(duì)句子進(jìn)行拆分，拆分成短的句子，便于自己分析3.前后呼應(yīng)：填詞必定不能脫離文章，有時(shí)前文會(huì)給出關(guān)鍵詞，后文與其呼應(yīng)，此方法在完形填空類題型中同樣適用，例如usedto通常與now對(duì)應(yīng)（六）找中心詞（句）：中心詞（句）要特別注意標(biāo)題、文章收尾段，讀題認(rèn)真【隨堂練習(xí)】Passage1Peopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferentwaysofdoingthings.Somethingpoliteinonecountrymaybequiteimpoliteinanothercountry.Doyouknowhowtheyhavedinnerinthefollowingcountries?TheJapanesedietisalwaysplainandsimple,andthedinneroftenleavespeopleasenseofnotbeingfull.Ifyousetupthedinnerinthemorning,aglassofmilkandahotdogareenough.Atnoon,maybealittlebitricher.(A)總體來(lái)說(shuō)，晚餐是最豐富的.Thereisriceandvegetablesoup,andthemost(B)keythingisthatwinecouldonlybeincludedatnightinJapan.VodkaisRussia'swine,andtheRussiansjustputvodkaasa(C)signfordinner,becausenomatterwhosetsupthedinner,vodkacan'tbemissed.Duringthedinner,theRussianpeopleholdaglassofvodka.Thefirstcupisusuallydrunktogether.Singaporeanseattheirdinnerverycautiously,and(D)theywillnotinviteguestsiftheyhaveunknowneachother.AndSingapore'sgovernmentofficialscan'tacceptthedinnerinvitationofsociability(社交),or(E)theywillbepunished.1.在文中找出兩個(gè)描述日本飲食的形容詞：_______；_______2.將文中畫(huà)線部分（A）譯成英語(yǔ)：________________3.寫(xiě)出文中畫(huà)線部分(B)和（C）的近義詞或同義詞：_______；_______4.將文中畫(huà)線部分（D）改寫(xiě)為theywill_______inviteguests_______theyhaveknowneachother.5.文中畫(huà)線部分（E）指代的是：_______Passage2YoumayhaveheardthatElizabethⅡ,theQueenofBritain,recentlycelebratedher70thweddinganniversary(結(jié)婚紀(jì)念日)withherhusband,PrincePhilip.That’sright—thetwohavebeenmarriedfor70years!IntheUnitedStatesandBritain,70thweddinganniversariesare(A)______as“platinumanniversaries(鉑金婚)”.Infact,therearemanydifferenttermsthatareusedtodescribedifferentmarriagelengths.Forexample,celebratingthefirstyearofmarriageisknownasa“paperanniversary”.Fiftyyearsofmarriagemarksa“goldanniversary”.Andtheterm“diamond（鉆石）anniversary”isused(B)________describeamarriagethathaslastedfor60years.(C)Peopleindifferentcountrieshavetheirownwaysofcelebratingweddinganniversaries.IntheUS,peoplegivegiftstocoupleswhentheyreachcertainyearsoftheirmarriage.Thefirstyearanniversaryismarkedbygivingthecoupleaclock.Ifacouplereachestheir10thanniversary,theycanexpecttoreceivediamondjewelry(珠寶).And(D)theycangetmusicalinstrumentswhentheyreachtheir24thanniversary.InCanadaandtheUS,couplescanevenreceivespecialcongratulationsfromworldleadersoncertainanniversaries.InCanada,couplescanreceiveamessagefromthecountry’sgovernorgeneral(總督)ontheir50thanniversary,andoneveryfifthanniversaryafterthat.IntheUS,thepresident(總統(tǒng))himselfwillsend(E)agreetingtocoupleswhoreachtheir50thanniversaryandforeveryanniversaryafterthat.(F)它會(huì)是多么酷啊togetaletterfromthepresident！Or(G)perhapsthetrulycoolthingiscelebratingsuchalonglifefullofloveandhappinesswithyourspecialsomeone.1.在文中（A）和（B）的空白處分別填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~：_________;___________2.將文中劃線部分（C）改寫(xiě)為：Peopleindifferentcountrieshavetheirownways_______________anniversaries.3.文中劃線部分（D）指代的是：______________4.寫(xiě)出文中劃線部分(E)和（G）的同義詞或近義詞：__________;_________5.將文中劃線部分（F）譯成英語(yǔ)：_______________【課后作業(yè)】Passage1BeforemyvisittotheUnitedStatesduringsummervacation,allthatIknewabouttheUnitedStateswasthatitisalargeanddevelopedcountry.(A)但是旅途中最吸引我的是很多指示牌.Therearenotonlysomesignswarningusnottodothings,asweseeinChina,butalsosomeotherspecialsigns.(B)AtYellowstoneNationalPark,differentsignswereeverywhere.“Don’tfeedtheanimals,”“Don’tplaywithwildanimals,”“Don’tcatchthefish,”etc.ThesesignsreallyshowustheAmericanpeople’srespectforlifeandnature.Tokeeptheecologicalbalance（生態(tài)平衡),(C)theytrytoprotectmostoftheirforestsandbodiesofwater.Theytryto(D)______allkindsoflivingcreatures.(E)______kindofspecialsignistheepitaphs（墓志銘）ontombstones（墓碑）.Isawmany(F)funnyepitaphsneartheGreatCanyoninArizona.“Inabloom,onatee,inwit&lovethatsing—lookforme”;“InlovingmemoryJoeYurosek‘BigDaddyfromyourfamily”;“Heavenisalittlecloserwhenyouareonthelake.”Thesewordsshowrelatives’orfriends’great(G)wishesandmemoriesofthedead,withalittlesenseofhumoraswell.DuringmyvacationintheUS,Iwasbusyreadingthesesigns.Tosomedegree,ImightsaythattheUSisa“kingdomofsigns”.Doyouagree?1.將文中畫(huà)線部分（A）譯成英語(yǔ)：________________2.將文中畫(huà)線部分（B）改寫(xiě)為：Differentsignswere______and______atYellowstoneNationalPark.3.文中畫(huà)線部分（C）指代的是：___________4.在文中（D）和（E）的空白處分別填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~：_______；_______5.寫(xiě)出文中畫(huà)線部分（F）和（G）的近義詞或同義詞:______;_______Passage2WhenIwasinelementaryschool,Igotintoanargumentwithaboyinmyclass.Theteacherdecidedtoteachusaveryimportantlesson.Shebroughtusup(A)_______thefrontoftheclassroomandplacedhimononesideofherdeskandmeontheother.Inthemiddleofherdeskwasalarge,roundobject.Icouldclearlyseethatitwasblack.Sheaskedtheboywhatcolorherobjectwas.“White,”heanswered.Icouldn’tbelievehesaidtheobjectwaswhite,because(B)itwasclearlyblack!Anotherargument(C)startedbetweenmyclassmateandmeaboutthecoloroftheobject.TheteacheraskedmetostandwheretheboywasstandingandtoldhimtostandwhereIhadbeen.Wechanged(D)places,andnowsheaskedmewhatthecoloroftheobjectwas.Ihadtoanswer,“White.”Itwasanobjectwhosetwosideshavedifferentcolors.From(E)________viewpoint（視角）itwaswhite,andfrommysideitwasblack.IhaveneverforgottenthelessonthatIlearnedthatday.Sometimesweneedtolookatthematterfromtheotherperson’sviewpoint(F)是為了trulyunderstandhis/herview.1.在文中（A）和（E）的空白處分別填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~：________；________2.在文中找出兩個(gè)描述物體形狀的形容詞：_______；_______3.文中畫(huà)線部分（B）指代的是：_______4.寫(xiě)出文中劃線部分(C)和（D）的近義詞或同義詞：_______；_______5.將文中畫(huà)線部分（F）譯成英語(yǔ)：________________Passage3Iwassixyearsold,whilemysister,SallyKaywasathree-year-oldgirl.Forsomereason,Ithoughtweneededtomakesomemoney.Idecidedtovisittheneighbors,offeringtocleanhousesforthemfor30cents.Everythingwentwell.Butoneneighbor（A）telephonedmymothertoletherknowwhatIweredoing.“Girls,”motherasked,“whywereyoutwotellingpeopleyouwouldcleantheirhouses?”(B)媽媽沒(méi)有生我們的氣.Butwesaidwedidn’tdoanysuchthing.MotherthentoldusthatMrs.Joneshadjustcalledandtold(C)herwehadbeentoherhouse.Facedwiththetruth,weadmittedwhatwehaddone.Mothertriedtoexplainwhyafib(小謊)hurt,butshedidn’tfeelthatwereallyunderstood.ThenMotherasked,“WouldyoutwoliketogotoseethemovieTheMatineethisafternoon?”“Oh,fantastic!”Afterlunch,wealldressedup.Beforegettingonthebus,Momsuddenlysaid,“Girls,wearenotgoingtothemovietoday.”“What?”Motherexplainedthisiswhatafibfeltlike.”Momsaid,“Ifibbedtoyoujustnowanditfeltawfultome.(D)Idon’twanttofibagainandI’msureyoudon’twanttofibagaineither.Peoplemustbeableto(E)believeeachother.”Thatishowoverfiftyyearsago,mysisterandIlearnedtobetruthful.Wehaveneverforgottenhowmuchafibcanhurtpeople.1.寫(xiě)出文中畫(huà)線部分（A）和（E）的近義詞或同義詞:______;_______2.將文中畫(huà)線部分（B）譯成英語(yǔ)：_____________________3.文中畫(huà)線部分（C）指代的是：____________4.將文中畫(huà)線部分（D）改寫(xiě)為:I’msurethat______ofuswanttofib______.5.從文中找出能說(shuō)明本文主旨大意的中心詞：___________Passage4Someteensdreamofanewcarorover-the-toppartyfortheirsweet16,butagrandfatherspentyearsmakingathoughtfulgiftforhisgranddaughter.WhenLaurenwastwoyearsold,hergrandpa(A)startedtotakenoteseverytimetheyspenttimetogether.Hekeptthehabituntilshewasfiveyearsold,fillingupthreenotebooksinthepastthreeyears.OnLauren’s16thbirthday,hergrandfatherthoughtshewasoldenoughtofullyappreciate（領(lǐng)會(huì)）themeaningofthenotebooks,sohegavethemtoherasagift.WhenLaurenrealizedwhatthegiftwas,shewasintotalshock.(B)Therestofherfamilyweresosurprisedthattheycouldn'tsayanything.LaurenpostedapictureofthegiftonTwitter,and（C）ithasreceivedmorethan600,000comments.ThenotebookwritesthingsLaurenhadsaidordone.Hergrandparecordedhismemoriesoftheirlaughingandplayinggames.“Throughoutthestorieshewouldrepeatedlyaddhowmuchhelovedandcaredforme,”saysLauren.Laurensaysshe’ll(D)cherishthegiftforever—morethananyotherpresent.“(E)這份禮物是我已經(jīng)收到的禮物中最棒的?！?.在文中找出能說(shuō)明本文主旨大意的短語(yǔ)：________________2.寫(xiě)出文中畫(huà)線部分(A)和（D）的同義詞或近義詞：_______；_______3.將文中畫(huà)線部分（B）改寫(xiě)為：Therestofherfamilywere_______surprised_______sayanything.4.文中畫(huà)線部分（C）指代的是：________________5.將文中畫(huà)線部分（E）譯成英語(yǔ)：________________參考答案【隨堂練習(xí)】Passage1主旨大意:本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了不同的國(guó)家有不同的飲食方式。日本人的飲食一貫樸素簡(jiǎn)單，飯局上也如此；俄羅斯人無(wú)論誰(shuí)設(shè)的飯局，飯局上都少不了伏特加酒；新加坡人對(duì)飯局持非常謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度，他們一般不會(huì)邀請(qǐng)初次見(jiàn)面的客人吃飯。1.plain;simple【解析】由第二段第一句“TheJapanesedietisalwaysplainandsimple...”可知日本人的飲食樸素簡(jiǎn)單。2.Generallyspeaking,dinneristherichest.【解析】總體來(lái)說(shuō)generallyspeaking；“最豐富的”應(yīng)用最高級(jí)therichest。3.important；symbol【解析】根據(jù)第二段最后一句句意可知key意為“重要的”，故其同義詞或近義詞為important；根據(jù)第三段第一句句意可知sign意為“象征；標(biāo)志”，故其同義詞或近義詞為symbol。4.not;until【解析】句意為：如果他們相互不熟悉，將不會(huì)邀請(qǐng)賓客。此句可替換為not...until句型，即直到他們熟悉彼此才會(huì)邀請(qǐng)賓客。5.Singapore'sgovernmentofficials【解析】由最后一段的“...Singapore'sgovernmentofficialscan'tacceptthedinnerinvitationofsociability(社交),ortheywillbepunished.”可知指代新加坡政府官員。Passage2主旨大意:本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。不同的文化背景下，慶祝結(jié)婚紀(jì)念日的方式也有所不同。文章介紹了英、美、加拿大人是如何慶祝他們不同階段的結(jié)婚紀(jì)念日的。1.known;to【解析】beknownas被認(rèn)為是故填known；beusedtodosth.被用來(lái)做某事，故填to。2.tocelebrate【解析】同義替換題。句意為：不同國(guó)家的人們都有他們自己慶祝結(jié)婚紀(jì)念日的方式。Wayofdoingsth.做的方式；waytodosth.做某事的方式，故填tocelebrate。3.Thecouplewhoreachtheir10thanniversary.【解析】代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Ifacouplereachestheir10thanniversary,theycanexpecttoreceivediamondjewelry(珠寶).”可知答案。4.wish;maybe【解析】同義替換題。(E)處句意為：在美國(guó)，總統(tǒng)本人將向第五十周年紀(jì)念日的夫婦以及之后的每一次結(jié)婚紀(jì)念日送去祝福。wish愿望，祝福。Perhaps可能，maybe可能。故填wish;maybe。5.Howcoolwoulditbe【解析】句子翻譯題。根據(jù)中文提示可知句子為感嘆句，且中心詞為形容詞，故，感嘆詞用how【課后作業(yè)】Passage1主旨大意:本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了作者在美國(guó)度假期間看到的各種類型的指示牌，通過(guò)這些指示牌，讓作者對(duì)美國(guó)文化有了進(jìn)一步的了解。1.Butmanysignsattractedmemostduringthejourney/trip【解析】但是But表轉(zhuǎn)折，旅途中duringthejourney/trip；很多指示牌manysigns，在句中作主語(yǔ)；吸引attract，注意要使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.here;there【解析】原句意為：在黃石國(guó)家公園，到處都是不同的指示牌。everywhere和hereandthere同義。故填here;there。3.Americanpeople【解析】根據(jù)前一句“ThesesignsreallyshowustheAmericanpeople’srespectforlifeandnature.”可知此處的they指的是Americanpeople。4.protect；Another【解析】D空所在句意為：他們盡力所有