2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)課時(shí)分層作業(yè)11Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅡ含解析新人教版選修6

PAGE1-課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(十一)SectionⅡ(建議用時(shí)：30分鐘)[語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)練習(xí)固基礎(chǔ)]單句語(yǔ)法填空1．I'llneverunderstandhowitcameaboutthatyouwerelatethreetimesaweek．2．Afteraquickglanceatthepatient，thedoctorarrangedforanambulance．3．Yourstatement(state)istoogeneral．Couldyoubemorespecificaboutwhatyou'regoingtodointhefuture?4．Opposed(oppose)tothenewplan，mostofthemembersleftthemeetingroom．5．Youshouldeatalittlemoreevenif/thoughyoudon'tlikethefood．6．Ifyousubscribetothenewspaper，itwillbedeliveredtoyourdoor．7．Thoughheislessthanoneyearold，heisstrongenoughtowalksteadily(steady)．8．Itendtowake(wake)upearlyinthemorning．9．Oncethebalanceofnatureisdisturbed，itmayresultinanumberofunforeseeneffects．10．Idon'tdoubtthathecanfinishthetaskontime．[高考題型練習(xí)提實(shí)力]Ⅰ．閱讀理解Weusemorethan20milliontonsofsodiumchloride(氯化鈉)onourroadwayseverywinter．That'sabout13timesmoresaltthanisusedbytheentirefoodprocessingindustry．Saltlowersthefreezingtemperatureofwaterandthusmeltssnowandice．Butitspublicsafetybenefitsdocomewithsomeecologicaldrawbacks．Thebiggestconcernwithroadsaltishowitaffectswaterquality．Thematerialdoesn'tjustdisappearwhenthesnowandicemelts：Itiswashedawayintolakesandstreamsorgetsintogroundwatersupplies．Researchersrecentlyfoundthat，intheurbanTwinCitiesarea，70percentofthesaltappliedtoroadsstayswithintheregion'swatershed(水源區(qū))．Onceitgetsthere，thepollutionisdifficultandexpensivetoremove．Saltygroundwatercanmakeforsaltydrinkingwells．That'sahealthissueforpeopleonrestricted-sodiumdietsandatasteproblemforeveryoneelse．Whensaltgetsintolakesandstreams，itcanalsoharmplantsandanimalsthere．Roadsaltcanaffecttheenvironmentinotherways，too．Itcanerode(腐蝕)soilandplantsasfaras650feetaway．Roadsidescanalsoturnintoasortofartificialsaltlick(鹽堿地)thatwouldbeattractivetoanimals．Asaresult，theyrunahigherriskofbecomingroadkill．Birdsarecommonvictims，aswell．Soifsaltissoproblematic，whyarewestillusingit?Becauseit'scheap．Alternativechemicalscanbemuchmoreexpensive，andtheyoftenrequirenewspreadingequipment．Asresearcherscontinuetolookforsubstitutes，thereareplentyofwaysthatroadcrewscancutbackontheirsaltusage．Pre-wettingthesalt，forexample，allowsformorecontrolledapplicationandbetterstickingpower．Weathermonitoringiskey，too：Applyingsaltjustbeforeastormhits，sothatthesnowcan'tadhere(附著)totheground，isusuallymoreefficientthanwaitinguntilafterthesnowhasfallen．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是爭(zhēng)論文。主要論述了道路用鹽對(duì)環(huán)境的負(fù)面影響及削減道路用鹽的方法。1．Howdoesroadsaltmeltsnowandice?A．Bychangingtheweather．B．Byraisingtheirtemperatures．C．Byraisingthetemperatureofroads．D．Bychangingthefreezingpointofwater．D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Saltlowersthefreezingtemperatureofwaterandthusmeltssnowandice．”可知，道路用鹽通過(guò)降低水的冰點(diǎn)使冰雪溶化。]2．Theauthorismostworriedabouttheinfluenceofroadsalton．A．trafficsafety B．waterqualityC．soilconditions D．plantsandanimalsB[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段開(kāi)頭的“Thebiggestconcernwithroadsaltishowitaffectswaterquality．”可得出答案。]3．It'smentionedinthetextthatbirds．A．oftendiebecauseoferodedsoilB．oftendiebecauseofpollutedwaterC．a(chǎn)reoftenkilledbyvehiclesonroadsD．a(chǎn)reoftenkilledbyotheranimalsinthefieldsC[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Roadsidescanalsoturnintoasortofartificial．．．Birdsarecommonvictims，aswell．”可推斷出，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)常在舔食道路用鹽時(shí)被路上的交通工具碾壓致死。]4．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Howtouseroadsaltmoreefficiently．B．Researchersarelookingforsubstitutes．C．Roadcrewsaremonitoringtheweather．D．Theadvantagesofalternativechemicals．A[段落大意題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“thereareplentyofwaysthatroadcrewscancutbackontheirsaltusage”及下文列舉的方法可知，本段主要講如何用較少的道路用鹽達(dá)到溶化冰雪的效果，也就是如何更有效地運(yùn)用道路用鹽。]Ⅱ．完形填空Globalwarmingischangingthemigrationpatternsofmanybirds，alteringflightpathsthathaveremainedunchangedforgenerationsandthatwerefirmlyanchored(固定)intheirgenes，scientists1．“WarminginEuropehaschanged2themigrationdirectionofthewarbler(鶯)，”saidbehaviour3EberhardCurioofBochumUniversityinwesternGermany'sRuhrregion．ThesmallbirdsnativetocentralandeasternEurope4tomigratesouthwesttospendwinterinsouthernFrance，Spain5northernAfrica．ButnowCuriosaysmanyofthemflywestwardtospendthe6monthsinsouthernEngland．“7changesinmigrationpatternsaretheresultof8selection．Thebirdsthatflyina(n)9directionwilldie，”thebiologistsaid，“whilethebirdsthatflytomorefavorabledestinationspassonthisbehaviourpatterntotheir10．”Researchers11believethatbirdsuseakindofsecondsensetoorienttheirmigrationpatterns，eithera12orientation(定向；定位)basedonthepositionofthesun，orwiththe13ofasortofinnercompass．“Sinceanimalspossessapreciseinnerclock，theycandeterminetheirpositionbythesunandthestars，”saidCurio．Navigationbyinnercompass14theEarth'smagnetic(有磁性的)field．15，theroutestakenbydifferentspeciesofbirdsareverymuchinfluencedbytheirflightcapabilities．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】全球變暖正在變更很多鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的遷徙模式，并變更其世世代代都保持不變的飛行路徑。1．A．say B．interpretC．recall D．solveA[前面提到的事為科學(xué)家所“說(shuō)；講”，故選A項(xiàng)。interpret說(shuō)明；翻譯；recall回想；回憶；solve解決。]2．A．verbally B．likelyC．similarly D．probablyD[verbally言詞上；口頭地；similarly相像地；likely和probably都有“很可能”的意思，但likely在此搭配有誤。]3．A．learner B．researcherC．doctor D．fellowshipB[由第三段克里奧(Curio)所視察到的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)遷徙現(xiàn)象然后得出結(jié)論可知，他是一個(gè)行為探討者。researcher探討者；探討員。]C．remembered D．usedD[由下文“ButnowCuriosays．．．”一句可知，這些鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)“過(guò)去經(jīng)常”遷徙到西南方。]5．A．but B．suchasC．a(chǎn)nd D．toC[幾個(gè)地區(qū)、國(guó)家名稱(chēng)并列，用and連接。]6．A．hotter B．coolerC．colder D．warmerC[上句winter有示意。]7．A．Such B．SoC．Suchmany D．ManyaA[承接上文，遷徙方式的這些變更，用“suchchanges”。]8．A．a(chǎn)rtificial B．naturalC．intentional D．physicalB[依據(jù)自然科學(xué)常識(shí)，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)遷徙的變更是自然選擇的結(jié)果。natural自然的。]9．A．unfavorable B．a(chǎn)dvantageousC．favorite D．badA[該句與下句形成對(duì)比，由morefavorable可知此句填unfavorable。]10．A．forefathers B．parentsC．counterparts