2024年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)沖刺過關(guān)專題03 非謂語動詞（原卷版）

【查補知識漏洞·通關(guān)練】專題03非謂語動詞（原卷版）一、單項選擇1．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）—Doyoualwaysgetupsoearly?—Yes.________thefirstbus.Myhomeisfarawayfromschool.A．Tocatch B．Catching C．Caught D．Catches2．（2023·四川甘孜·中考真題）Mikemadefacestomakehislittlebrother__________.A．laughs B．laugh C．tolaugh D．laughing3．（2022·西藏·中考真題）________toomuchsweetfoodwillmakepeoplegetfat.A．Eating B．Eats C．Eat D．Ate4．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）Travellerscan’twait________theirnewtoursinthecomingholiday.A．tostart B．starting C．started D．start5．（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）IhavedecidedtogotoBeijingand________oneofmyoldfriendsthere.A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit二、單詞拼寫6．（2023·江蘇淮安·中考真題）Ourgovernmenthastakenaction(make)lifeinthecountrysidebetter.7．（2023·江蘇淮安·中考真題）—ProfessorWangwillgiveusatalkonthehistoryofHuai’antomorrow.—Really?Ilookforwardto(attend)it.8．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）Don’tgiveup(嘗試).I’msureyouwillsucceed.9．（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）Goandhaveagoodsleep,baby.Letme(worry)aboutthesethings.10．（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）Thefiremenhadnochoicebut(break)thewindow.考點一不定式1.不定式的構(gòu)成基本形式:to+動詞原形(這里的to是不定式符號,本身無詞義,有時可以省略)。動詞不定式的否定形式是“not(+to)+動詞原形”。動詞不定式具有動詞的特點,可以有自己的賓語和狀語,有不同的時態(tài)和被動語態(tài),但它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。2.不定式的句法功能功能知識拓展例句作主語不定式作主語時,通常用it作形式主語,而把不定式放在后面。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:It+be

+adj.

(+for/of

sb.)+動詞不定式.It’s

easy

for

me

to

do

it

well.

對于我來說,我可以輕易地把它做好。作賓語①作某些動詞的賓語,一般不作介詞的賓語。常見的后面接動詞不定式的動詞(短語):agree(同意)、afford(負擔(dān)得起)、begin

(開始)、decide

(決定)、expect

(期望)、forget(忘記)、hope/wish(希望)、learn(學(xué)習(xí))、manage(完成,應(yīng)付)、offer(提供)、prefer(更喜歡)、prepare(準備)、

pretend(假裝)、

plan(計劃)、promise(承諾)、refuse(拒絕)、want/would

like(想要)等②

find、

think等后跟不定式作賓語時,常用it作形式賓語,而將真正的賓語放在后面You

must

learn

to

look

after

yourself.

你必須學(xué)著照顧自己。I

can’t

afford

to

buy

the

ring.

我買不起這枚戒指。作賓語補足語①常見的后面接不定式作賓補的動詞(短語)有:

advise(建議)、allow(允許)、ask(要求)、expect

(期望)、force(強迫)、invite(邀請)、teach

(教)、tell(告訴)、warn(警告)②在make、let、see、feel、notice、hear、watch等使役動詞、感官動詞后,不定式省略to(但在被動語態(tài)中to不能省略)Can

you

teach

me

to

swim?你能教我游泳嗎?I

saw

him

cross

the

street.

/He

was

seen

to

cross

the

street.

我看見他穿過了街道。作表語多數(shù)情況下,不定式作表語,可轉(zhuǎn)換為作主語To

see

is

to

believe.

眼見為實。作定語不定式作定語,要放在被修飾詞的后面Would

you

like

something

to

eat?你想要些吃的東西嗎?作狀語表目的I

went

to

the

store

to

buy

some

food.

我去商店買了些食物。表原因I’m

sorry

to

trouble

you.

我很抱歉給你添麻煩了。表結(jié)果He

was

too

excited

to

say

a

word.

他太激動以至于一句話也說不出來。和疑問詞連用不定式常和疑問詞what、which、when、where、how連用,在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語等成分“疑問詞+不定式”這一結(jié)構(gòu)常用于tell、know、advise、teach、find

out、decide、discuss等詞匯后,

充當(dāng)賓語I

don’t

know

what

to

say.我不知道該說些什么。I

haven’t

decided

where

to

go

for

my

summer

holiday.

我還沒決定去哪里過暑假?？键c二動名詞1.動名詞的構(gòu)成動名詞由“動詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成。2.動名詞的句法功能功能知識拓展例句作主語謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式Reading

in

the

sun

is

bad

for

your

eyes.

在陽光下讀書對你的眼睛有害。作賓語動名詞可作動詞或介詞的賓語。常見接動名詞的詞或短語有:avoid(避免)、consider(考慮)、enjoy(喜歡)、finish(完成)、imagine(想象)、keep(堅持)、practice(練習(xí))、mind(介意)、suggest(建議)等,

be

busy

(忙于),

be

worth(值得),

be/get

used

to(習(xí)慣),

can’t

help(情不自禁),

have

fun(開心……),

feel

like(想要),

give

up(放棄),

look

forward

to(期望)We

have

fun

working

together.

我們一起工作很開心。作表語多數(shù)情況下,動名詞作表語可轉(zhuǎn)換為作主語My

work

is

cleaning

the

house.

=Cleaning

the

house

is

my

work.

我的工作是打掃這個房子。作定語動名詞作定語要位于所修飾的詞之前She

is

in

the

reading

room.

她在閱覽室里?？键c三分詞1.分詞的構(gòu)成分詞有現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種?，F(xiàn)在分詞由“動詞+-ing”形式構(gòu)成;過去分詞的基本形式是“動詞+-ed”,但也有不規(guī)則的形式?，F(xiàn)在分詞表主動、進行;過去分詞表被動、完成。2.現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能功能知識拓展例句作定語分詞作定語,其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的詞Do

you

know

the

boy

playing

on

the

playground?你認識在操場上玩耍的男孩嗎?作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語為句子的主語The

worker

came

into

the

room,

carrying

a

heavy

box.

這位工人搬著一個重箱子進入了房間。作補語現(xiàn)在分詞作補語,被補充說明的賓語或主語是它的邏輯主語(即主動關(guān)系)I

saw

the

boy

dancing

when

I

passed

by.

當(dāng)我經(jīng)過的時候,我看到這個男孩在跳舞。3.過去分詞的句法功能功能知識拓展例句作狀語分詞或分詞短語作狀語時,可表示時間、伴隨、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、條件等The

teacher

came

in,

followed

by

some

students.

老師進來了,后面跟著一些學(xué)生。作定語表示被動或完成,單個分詞置于所修飾詞前,分詞短語則后置He

is

an

unexpected

visitor.

他是個不速之客。作表語現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征;過去分詞表示某種狀態(tài)The

girl

was

excited

about

the

news.

這個女孩對這則消息感到興奮。作補語過去分詞作補語,被補充說明的賓語或主語是它的邏輯賓語(即被動關(guān)系)My

mom

wants

to

have

her

hair

cut.

我媽媽想剪頭發(fā)。一、單項選擇1．（2024·江蘇南通·一模）________theMuseum’s90thyear,NanjingMuseumdisplayedmorethan200valuabletreasuresin90groups.A．Celebrate B．Celebrating C．Tocelebrating D．Tocelebrate2．（2024·云南紅河·一模）—Lingling,I’dlovetogobikeridingwithyou,butIhavesomehomework________.—Ifyoudon’tgo,neitherwillI.A．finishing B．tofinish C．finished D．finish3．（2024·上海閔行·二模）Youshouldavoid________ontheunderground.It’simpoliteandalsoagainsttherules.A．eat B．eating C．a(chǎn)te D．toeat4．（2024·云南昭通·二模）OnAugust24th,2023,Japanstartedpouringnuclearwastewaterintothesea.Itplanstokeep__________itslowlyforatleast30years,whichcausedpeople’sworriesaroundtheworld.A．pour B．pouring C．poured D．topour5．（2024·江蘇宿遷·一模）—Bequick!Thereislittletime________beforethefilmstarts.—OK.Let’sgonow.A．leaving B．toleave C．leaves D．left6．（2024·江蘇宿遷·二模）—WhatelseshouldIpayattentionto________myEnglish?—YoushouldwatchEnglishvideosasoftenaspossible.A．improve B．improves C．improving D．toimprove7．（23-24九年級下·吉林長春·階段練習(xí)）Weshouldusedifferentkindsofwayswecanthinkof________peopleinneed.A．helping B．tohelp C．help D．helped8．（2024·吉林長春·一模）________ingoodhealth,we’dbettereatmorefruitsandvegetables.A．Keep B．Tokeep C．keeping D．Keeps9．（2024·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·一模）IntheearthquakeinNorthwestChina’sGansuProvince,parentsdideverythingtheycan________theirchildren.A．toprotect B．protect C．protects D．protecting10．（2024·湖南懷化·二模）It’ssaidthattheworkersinthefactoryaremade________withAIrobots.A．working B．worked C．work D．towork二、單詞拼寫11．（2024·甘肅隴南·一模）Alanhasmadeadecision(give)upthechancetogoabroad.12．（2024·西藏昌都·一模）Theteacheralwaystellsus(notswim)intheriver.13．（2024·江蘇揚州·一模）Theyarebusyreadyfortheexam.(get)14．（2024·四川成都·二模）Cwithfacetofacecommunication,booksoftentouchpeople’sheartsbetter.15．（2024·甘肅臨夏·一模）(wash)handsfrequentlyisagoodhabitforourhealth.16．（2024·甘肅隴南·一模）(collect)stampsismyhobby.17．（2024·浙江杭州·一模）Mycousinborrowedmydictionarywithout(歸還)it.18．（2024·甘肅武威·一模）Bobremembered(meet)histeacherinBeijinglastmonth.19．（2023·安徽·模擬預(yù)測）It’simpoliteforstudentstoenterteacher’sofficewithoutk(敲)atthedoor.20．（2023·安徽宣城·模擬預(yù)測）R(閱讀)isagoodhabitforpeopleofallages.三、完成句子21．（2023·貴州·中考真題）向他人學(xué)習(xí)并自我提升對我們極其重要。othersandimprovingourselvesisessentialforus.22．（2024·上海普陀·二模）Iwillcontactyoulatertotellyouwhenyoucancome.(改為簡單句)Iwillcontactyoulatertotellyoucome.23．（2024