名師原創(chuàng)：Unit3-單元語(yǔ)法詳解課件

Unit3Familymatters

單元語(yǔ)法詳解

原創(chuàng)

Cao

本單元語(yǔ)法主要涉及常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的回顧。中學(xué)階段常用時(shí)態(tài)有：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；一般過(guò)去時(shí)；一般將來(lái)時(shí)；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；過(guò)去完成時(shí)。在我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中，這些時(shí)態(tài)始終與我們形影不離，成為我們學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的好朋友。“動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)”再回首◆一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式.(1)表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與often,usually,always,never,sometimes,everyday,onceamonth等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(2)表示普遍存在的真理和客觀事實(shí)(3)表示按規(guī)定或時(shí)刻表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，僅限少數(shù)動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))，如begin,come,go,leave,start,arrive,end,return,takeoff等(4)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用于描述主語(yǔ)的性格或能力等(5)在主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)描述將來(lái)的事情時(shí)，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)用法歸納：1.Ioftenreadbooksinmysparetime.2.Maryisgoodatmusic.

3.Helikes(like)playingbasketballwhilehisbrotherloves(love)surfingtheInternet.4.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.5.You‘llmakegreatprogressifyouworkhard！6.Thetrainleavesat7：25thisevening.【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】

1.Theearth____________(travel)aroundthesun.2.I'llwritetoherwhenI____________(have)time.3.Timeandtide____________(wait)fornoman.4.Theyalways_____________(care)foreachotherandhelpeachother.5.Tomorrow_____________(be)Wednesday.【例句鑒賞】

travelshavewaitcareis◆現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：is/am/are＋現(xiàn)在分詞(1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與now，atpresent，atthismoment，thesedays，thisweek/month等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。(2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常與always，continually，constantly，forever等表示頻度的副詞連用，表示經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常含有厭煩、責(zé)備、憤怒、抱怨、贊揚(yáng)等情感。(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，主要用于表示按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與come，go，leave，depart，arrive，stay，start/begin，lecture，takeoff等動(dòng)詞(詞組)連用?！纠滂b賞】用法歸納：1.Alltheclassmatesarereviewingthelessonintheclassroomnow.2.Thesedayswearehelpingthefarmersworkonthefarm.3.Sheisalwaysthinkingofothersinsteadofherself.4.Theboyisconstantlyaskingsuchsillyquestions.5.Mr.SmithisleavingforNanjingtonight.6.Themeetingisbeginningatthreethisafternoon.1.He_______________(work)onapapernow.2.I__________________(meet)Mr.Wangtonight.3.She_____________________(read)ahandbookongardening.4.Thegirl______always__________(talk)loudinpublic.5.Technology_____always_____________(develop)veryfast，soeventhenewestmodelwillbeoutofdatesoon.isworking

ammeeting

isreading

istalking

isdeveloping

【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】◆一般過(guò)去時(shí)用法歸納(1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或者某一段時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)。常與then,atthattime,justnow,amomentago,theotherday,inthepast,atonetime,threedaysago,lastyear,yesterday,in2019等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。(2)表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，常與often,always,usually等表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。(3)有些情況，雖然沒(méi)有明確表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，但可根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷出動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式【例句鑒賞】Tomwantedtohelpusyesterday,buthewasverybusy.Duringhismiddleschoolyears,heplayedfootballnearlyeveryday.Yourphonenumberagain,please.Ididn'tquitecatchit.1.We________(meet)herinthestreetyesterday.2.Whenhewasyoung,he________(take)coldbathsregularly.3.I______________(notexpect)toseeyoustudyingatthelibrary.4.He________(buy)awatchbutlostit.5.Pahlssonandherhusband________(search)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】◆一般將來(lái)時(shí)構(gòu)成：shall/will＋動(dòng)詞原形，begoingto＋動(dòng)詞原形，be(about)todosth.用法歸納(1)will＋動(dòng)詞原形表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與tomorrow，nextweek,inthefuture,inafewdays等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。還可以表示說(shuō)話時(shí)臨時(shí)做出的決定(2)begoingto表示按計(jì)劃、打算要做某事，此外，還可以表示根據(jù)某些跡象判斷將要發(fā)生的事情。met

took

didn'texpect

bought

searched1.Asyougothroughthisbook,youwillfindthateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.2.IamgoingtomeetMr.Smithattheairportat8：30tonight.3.Lookattheblackclouds!Itisgoingtorain.4.Iwasabouttogotohavedinnerwhenhecalledmeup.5.Wearetomeetattheschoolgateatsixinthemorning.

(3)beabouttodo表示即將發(fā)生的將來(lái)動(dòng)作，該結(jié)構(gòu)不與表示具體的將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，多與when連用。(4)betodo表示按照約定、職責(zé)、義務(wù)或要求等即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。還可以表示打算做某事?！纠滂b賞】【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】1.We________(have)ameetingtomorrow.2.Inaword,massmedia________(be)allthemoreimportantinthefutureandtheirfunctionwillenormouslyexpand.3.Ifyou________________________________akeycollege,yourEnglishmustbeexcellent.4.Thesummerholiday________________.I'mgoingtohaveagoodrest.

用法歸納willhave

willbe

aretogoto

iscoming

◆

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：have/has+過(guò)去分詞.(1)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，著眼于現(xiàn)在。常與already,Just(剛剛),yet,never,before,lately,recently,inthelast/pastfewyears,uptonow,tillnow,sofar等連用(2)表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始而延續(xù)至今的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與for＋一段時(shí)間，since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。(3)在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可代替將來(lái)時(shí)(4)在“This/Itisthefirst/second...time＋that從句”句式中，that從句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)【例句鑒賞】1.Inthelastfewyears,Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.2.Hehasworkedhereforovertwentyyears.3.HehaslivedinLondonsince2018.4.Wewon'tstarttheworkuntilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.5.This/ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedtheGreatWall.6.Thisisthemostinterestingfilmthathehaswatched.1.ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI____________(attend)sinceIcametothisschool.2.ItisthefirsttimethatI______________(be)toBeijing.3.Oneofournumber__________(make)averyinterestingdesignofflooring,whichhaswonaprize.4.Mycousin________________________________foraweek.5.Hemovedherein2017andhe_________________________eversince.【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】haveattended

havebeen

hasmade

hasbeenawayhome

haslivedhere

◆

過(guò)去完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：had+過(guò)去分詞.

用法歸納(1)句中含有by,bytheendof,bythetime,until,before,since等后接表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)或從句時(shí)，句子常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)(2)表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等，常用hadhoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等或用上述動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式接不定式的完成式，即hoped/planned...＋tohavedone(3)“時(shí)間名詞＋before”在句中作狀語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；“時(shí)間名詞＋ago”在句中作狀語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)(4)在hardly/scarcely...when...，nosooner...than...句型中，主句常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示“一……就……”。當(dāng)hardly,scarcely,nosooner置于句首時(shí)，其后要用部分倒裝(5)This/That/Itwasthefirst/second...timethat...(過(guò)去完成時(shí))【例句鑒賞】1.Bytheendoflastyear,wehadproduced20，000cars.2.Wehadplannedtofinishtheworkbeforedark,butwewereheldupbyaheavyrain.3.Tomsaidhisfirstteacherhadleftthatschoolatleas