名師原創(chuàng)：Unit3-單元語法詳解課件

Unit3Familymatters

單元語法詳解

原創(chuàng)

Cao

本單元語法主要涉及常見動詞時態(tài)的回顧。中學階段常用時態(tài)有：一般現(xiàn)在時；現(xiàn)在進行時；一般過去時；一般將來時；現(xiàn)在完成時；過去完成時。在我們學習英語的過程中，這些時態(tài)始終與我們形影不離，成為我們學習過程中的好朋友?！皠釉~時態(tài)”再回首◆一般現(xiàn)在時構成：動詞原形或動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式.(1)表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，常與often,usually,always,never,sometimes,everyday,onceamonth等時間狀語連用(2)表示普遍存在的真理和客觀事實(3)表示按規(guī)定或時刻表將要發(fā)生的動作，僅限少數(shù)動詞(短語)，如begin,come,go,leave,start,arrive,end,return,takeoff等(4)一般現(xiàn)在時用于描述主語的性格或能力等(5)在主從復合句中，當描述將來的事情時，主句用將來時，條件狀語從句、時間狀語從句和讓步狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時用法歸納：1.Ioftenreadbooksinmysparetime.2.Maryisgoodatmusic.

3.Helikes(like)playingbasketballwhilehisbrotherloves(love)surfingtheInternet.4.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.5.You‘llmakegreatprogressifyouworkhard！6.Thetrainleavesat7：25thisevening.【考點訓練】

1.Theearth____________(travel)aroundthesun.2.I'llwritetoherwhenI____________(have)time.3.Timeandtide____________(wait)fornoman.4.Theyalways_____________(care)foreachotherandhelpeachother.5.Tomorrow_____________(be)Wednesday.【例句鑒賞】

travelshavewaitcareis◆現(xiàn)在進行時構成：is/am/are＋現(xiàn)在分詞(1)現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在或目前一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作，常與now，atpresent，atthismoment，thesedays，thisweek/month等時間狀語連用。(2)現(xiàn)在進行時常與always，continually，constantly，forever等表示頻度的副詞連用，表示經(jīng)常、反復發(fā)生的動作，常含有厭煩、責備、憤怒、抱怨、贊揚等情感。(3)現(xiàn)在進行時可以表示將來的動作，主要用于表示按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作。常與come，go，leave，depart，arrive，stay，start/begin，lecture，takeoff等動詞(詞組)連用?！纠滂b賞】用法歸納：1.Alltheclassmatesarereviewingthelessonintheclassroomnow.2.Thesedayswearehelpingthefarmersworkonthefarm.3.Sheisalwaysthinkingofothersinsteadofherself.4.Theboyisconstantlyaskingsuchsillyquestions.5.Mr.SmithisleavingforNanjingtonight.6.Themeetingisbeginningatthreethisafternoon.1.He_______________(work)onapapernow.2.I__________________(meet)Mr.Wangtonight.3.She_____________________(read)ahandbookongardening.4.Thegirl______always__________(talk)loudinpublic.5.Technology_____always_____________(develop)veryfast，soeventhenewestmodelwillbeoutofdatesoon.isworking

ammeeting

isreading

istalking

isdeveloping

【考點訓練】◆一般過去時用法歸納(1)一般過去時表示過去某一時刻或者某一段時間發(fā)生的動作或者狀態(tài)。常與then,atthattime,justnow,amomentago,theotherday,inthepast,atonetime,threedaysago,lastyear,yesterday,in2019等時間狀語連用。(2)表示過去的習慣動作，常與often,always,usually等表示頻度的時間狀語連用。(3)有些情況，雖然沒有明確表示過去的時間狀語，但可根據(jù)語境判斷出動作發(fā)生在過去，應用過去時態(tài)。構成：動詞過去式【例句鑒賞】Tomwantedtohelpusyesterday,buthewasverybusy.Duringhismiddleschoolyears,heplayedfootballnearlyeveryday.Yourphonenumberagain,please.Ididn'tquitecatchit.1.We________(meet)herinthestreetyesterday.2.Whenhewasyoung,he________(take)coldbathsregularly.3.I______________(notexpect)toseeyoustudyingatthelibrary.4.He________(buy)awatchbutlostit.5.Pahlssonandherhusband________(search)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.【考點訓練】◆一般將來時構成：shall/will＋動詞原形，begoingto＋動詞原形，be(about)todosth.用法歸納(1)will＋動詞原形表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與tomorrow，nextweek,inthefuture,inafewdays等時間狀語連用。還可以表示說話時臨時做出的決定(2)begoingto表示按計劃、打算要做某事，此外，還可以表示根據(jù)某些跡象判斷將要發(fā)生的事情。met

took

didn'texpect

bought

searched1.Asyougothroughthisbook,youwillfindthateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.2.IamgoingtomeetMr.Smithattheairportat8：30tonight.3.Lookattheblackclouds!Itisgoingtorain.4.Iwasabouttogotohavedinnerwhenhecalledmeup.5.Wearetomeetattheschoolgateatsixinthemorning.

(3)beabouttodo表示即將發(fā)生的將來動作，該結構不與表示具體的將來時間狀語連用，多與when連用。(4)betodo表示按照約定、職責、義務或要求等即將發(fā)生的動作。還可以表示打算做某事?！纠滂b賞】【考點訓練】1.We________(have)ameetingtomorrow.2.Inaword,massmedia________(be)allthemoreimportantinthefutureandtheirfunctionwillenormouslyexpand.3.Ifyou________________________________akeycollege,yourEnglishmustbeexcellent.4.Thesummerholiday________________.I'mgoingtohaveagoodrest.

用法歸納willhave

willbe

aretogoto

iscoming

◆

現(xiàn)在完成時構成：have/has+過去分詞.(1)表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果，著眼于現(xiàn)在。常與already,Just(剛剛),yet,never,before,lately,recently,inthelast/pastfewyears,uptonow,tillnow,sofar等連用(2)表示從過去某時開始而延續(xù)至今的動作或狀態(tài)，常與for＋一段時間，since＋時間點等表示一段時間的狀語連用。(3)在時間或條件狀語從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時可代替將來時(4)在“This/Itisthefirst/second...time＋that從句”句式中，that從句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時【例句鑒賞】1.Inthelastfewyears,Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.2.Hehasworkedhereforovertwentyyears.3.HehaslivedinLondonsince2018.4.Wewon'tstarttheworkuntilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.5.This/ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedtheGreatWall.6.Thisisthemostinterestingfilmthathehaswatched.1.ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI____________(attend)sinceIcametothisschool.2.ItisthefirsttimethatI______________(be)toBeijing.3.Oneofournumber__________(make)averyinterestingdesignofflooring,whichhaswonaprize.4.Mycousin________________________________foraweek.5.Hemovedherein2017andhe_________________________eversince.【考點訓練】haveattended

havebeen

hasmade

hasbeenawayhome

haslivedhere

◆

過去完成時構成：had+過去分詞.

用法歸納(1)句中含有by,bytheendof,bythetime,until,before,since等后接表示過去某一時間的短語或從句時，句子常用過去完成時(2)表示未曾實現(xiàn)的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等，常用hadhoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等或用上述動詞的過去式接不定式的完成式，即hoped/planned...＋tohavedone(3)“時間名詞＋before”在句中作狀語，謂語動詞用過去完成時；“時間名詞＋ago”在句中作狀語，謂語動詞用一般過去時(4)在hardly/scarcely...when...，nosooner...than...句型中，主句常用過去完成時，表示“一……就……”。當hardly,scarcely,nosooner置于句首時，其后要用部分倒裝(5)This/That/Itwasthefirst/second...timethat...(過去完成時)【例句鑒賞】1.Bytheendoflastyear,wehadproduced20，000cars.2.Wehadplannedtofinishtheworkbeforedark,butwewereheldupbyaheavyrain.3.Tomsaidhisfirstteacherhadleftthatschoolatleas