浙江省9+1高中聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

絕密☆考試結(jié)束前寧波市2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末九校聯(lián)考高二英語(yǔ)試題考生須知：1.本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）。滿(mǎn)分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘：2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫(xiě)班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字：3.所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卷上，寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效：4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題卷。第I卷第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howwillthewomangotothepostoffice?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inalibrary.3.WhyneedthewomantalktoJohnny?A.Forhisabsence.B.Forhisgrades.C.Forhislateness4.Whatdoesthemando?A.Achef.B.Awaiter.C.Asecretary.5.Howmuchdoesthemanpayintotal?A.$5.45.B.$5.35.C.$5.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置，聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthematterwiththewoman?A.Shehasafever.B.Shehasatoothache.C.Shehasaheadache.7.Whenshouldthewomantakemedicine?A.Twohoursbeforethemeal.B.Onehourafterthemeal.C.Onehourbeforethemeal.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthehousesinEccles?A.They'reinthecheapestarea.B.They'reinthenewestarea.C.They'reinthebusiestarea9.WhatisthedisadvantageofthehouseinManton?A.It'sunfurnished.B.It'snoisyC.It'sold-fashioned.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Realestateagentandcustomer.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatwillthewomanwatchat7:00p.m.?A.News.B.TheCeltiesgame.C.MasterChef.12.WhowilltheCelticsplayagainsttonight?A.TheLakers.B.TheClippers.C.TheWarriors.13.WhatistheperformanceoftheClippers?A.Theydon'tplaysowellinthisseason.B.Theyarethechampionofthisseason.C.TheyareverylikelytobeattheCelties.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatproblemarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Therearen'tenoughbrochures.B.Thenumberoftelephonesisincorrect.C.Thewomansentoutunrelatedbrochures.15.WhatdoesMs.Greypromisetodo?A.Makeanotherorder.B.Bearthefullcostofthedelivery.C.Talkabouttheproblemwithherboss.16.WhatdoesMr.DunphythinkofMs.Grey'sresponse?A.It'ssatisfyingB.It'screative.C.It'sunacceptable.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題17.Whereistheflightflyingfrom?A.NewOrleans.B.NewYork.C.Shanghai.18.Howmuchearlierwilltheflightprobablyarriveatthedestination?A.10minutes.B.13minutes.C.30minutes.19.Whatareservedonthisflightaccordingtothespeaker?A.Dessertsandsnacks.B.Pillowsandblankets.C.Moviesandearphones.20.Whydoesthecaptainmakethisannouncement?A.Toeasethepassengers'tension.B.TointroducethesceneryofShanghai.C.Toencouragethepassengerstoorderfood.第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，共37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A“Critic’sPick.Themovieisextremelyemotional(likeaToniMorrisonnoveloraMaryOliverpoem).”LISAKENNEDY,THENEWYORKTIMESRavenJaskson*2023*U.S.*97minutes2023GothamAwardNomineeforBreakthroughFigure(RavenJackson)Oneofthemostvisuallystriking,profoundlymovingAmericanmoviemakingdebuts(首次亮相)inyears,RavenJackson’sAllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltisaneye-catchingimmersionintoayoungwoman’sinnerworld,filmedandeditedwithanextraordinaryattentiontothetiniestdetail.ThisimpressionisticjourneyskipsaheadandbackthroughdecadestotellthestoryofMack,whoseupbringinginruralMississippiistouchedbygrace,dottedwithheartbreak,andalwayscarriedhighintheskybythesurroundingnaturalbeauty.Assheages,sheloseslovedonesandgainsothers,whilemakingdecisionsthatchangethecourseofherlife,andthatofherbelovedsister.Relyingonsoundsandimagestotellherstory,andemployingminimaldialogue,Jacksonhascreatedsomethingbreathtakinglyquietandultimatelytransportingaspiritualrespecttothemoments,feelings,andconnectionsthatmakealife.AnA24release.ShowTimes:November7—November1512:15PM2:15PM4:15PM6:15PM8:15PMPleasenote:*OpencaptionscreeningsofthefilmwillplayonNovember8—November1312:15PM6:15PM*Audiodescriptionavailableatallscreenings.1.Accordingtothepassage,RavenJacksonisa(n)____________.A.critic B.director C.actor D.editor2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Mack’slifeisfullofupsanddowns.B.AllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltishighlythoughtof.C.Newtechnologyisusedtocreatesomethrillingscenes.D.Mack,theleadingrole,isbroughtupinthecountryside.3.WhichshowtimewillbesuitableforJelly,agirlwithhearingdisorder?A.11/7at6:15PM B.11/11at12:15PMC.11/12at8:15PM D.11/14at6:15PM【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一部名叫“AllDirtRoadsTasteofSalt”的電影?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句“Oneofthemostvisuallystriking,profoundlymovingAmericanmoviemakingdebuts(首次亮相)inyears,RavenJackson’sAllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltisaneye-catchingimmersionintoayoungwoman’sinnerworld,filmedandeditedwithanextraordinaryattentiontothetiniestdetail.(RavenJackson《AllDirtRoadsTasteofSalt》是近年來(lái)美國(guó)電影制作中最引人注目、最感人的處女作之一，它引人注目地沉浸在一個(gè)年輕女人的內(nèi)心世界中，拍攝和剪輯都非常注重最微小的細(xì)節(jié)。)”可知，RavenJackson是個(gè)導(dǎo)演。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一、二句“Oneofthemostvisuallystriking,profoundlymovingAmericanmoviemakingdebuts(首次亮相)inyears,RavenJackson’sAllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltisaneye-catchingimmersionintoayoungwoman’sinnerworld,filmedandeditedwithanextraordinaryattentiontothetiniestdetail.ThisimpressionisticjourneyskipsaheadandbackthroughdecadestotellthestoryofMack,whoseupbringinginruralMississippiistouchedbygrace,dottedwithheartbreak,andalwayscarriedhighintheskybythesurroundingnaturalbeauty.(RavenJackson的《AllDirtRoadsTasteofSalt》是近年來(lái)美國(guó)電影制作中最引人注目、最感人的處女作之一，它引人注目地沉浸在一個(gè)年輕女人的內(nèi)心世界中，拍攝和剪輯都非常注重最微小的細(xì)節(jié)。這段前后跳躍了幾十年的印象主義旅程，講述了Mack在密西西比州農(nóng)村長(zhǎng)大的故事，他的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷充滿(mǎn)了優(yōu)雅，點(diǎn)綴著心碎，并總是被周?chē)淖匀幻谰皫У礁呖铡?”可知，文章中談到這部電影受到好評(píng)，男主角Mack在農(nóng)村長(zhǎng)大，他的生活充滿(mǎn)了起起落落。沒(méi)有提到C項(xiàng)，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Pleasenote下列“OpencaptionscreeningsofthefilmwillplayonNovember8—November13,12:15PM,6:15PM(這部電影的開(kāi)放字幕放映將于11月8日至11月13日下午12:15、6:15進(jìn)行)”可知，11月11日下午12:15適合患有聽(tīng)力障礙的女孩Jelly。故選B項(xiàng)。BGrowinguponamountainfarminTyrol,Fritzenjoyedwatchinghowcowsandhorsesinteractedwitheachothermorefreely,oncethey’dbeenledoutofthebarnandintopasture.Itwaswhatheobservedinhisboyhoodthattookrootinhispursuitofbecomingabiologist.Afterhefinishedhisstudyatuniversity.FritzlandedworkatAustria’sKonradLorenzResearchCenter,raisingravenchicksbyhandandteachinggraylaggeesehowtoopenboxesashepursuedhisPhD.Workingthiscloselywithfree-livinganimalswasexactlywhathe’ddreamedofasaboy.In1997,azoogavetheresearchcenteritsfirstnorthernbaldibischicks(隱鹮)Nowherenearasteachableasgeese—andnotevenclosetosuperintelligentravens—theibisesfrustratedmostofthescientists.ButFritzwasfascinated.Hedevotedhimselftotakingcareofthem.Aftertheibiseswerefirstreleasedbackintothewildmorethan20yearsago,Fritzlearnedthatspendinggenerationsinzoohadn’treducedtheirdrivetomigrate(遷徙),thoughitdidleavethemgeographicallyuninformed.Intheirsearchfor“south”,someendedupinRussia.Whattheibisesneeded,Fritzthought,wasaguide.Fritzdecidedhewouldteachthebirdsanew,safermigrationroutebyguidingthemhimselfinatinyaircraft.Andhewasconfidenthecouldsucceedinthisdaring,unconventionalplan—becausehehaddoneitbefore.“Aroundthattime,themovie‘FlyAwayHome’wasahugehitwithusbiologists,”Fritzsays.Whenheannouncedthathe’ddothesamewiththeibises,hewasinitiallylaughedat.ButFritzdidn’tgiveup.Hemodifiedanultralightaircraftsoitwouldtravelatspeedsslowenoughforhiswingedstudentstokeepup.Hehadbeenhisyoungpupils’onlyprovideroffood,loveandhugssincetheywerejustafewdaysold,andtheibiseseagerlyfollowedtheirteacher,whojusthappenedtopilotafairlynoisymachine.In2004,threeyearsaftersomeinitiallybumpy(顛簸的)experiments,FritzledthefirstbatchofbirdsfromAustriatoItaly,andhassinceled15suchmigrations.Overthattime,hehasrewilded277youngibises,manyofwhichthenstartedtopasstherouteontotheirownyoung.4.WhatdeterminedFritz’scareerchoice?A.Fritz’schildhoodobservation. B.Fritz’spassionforbiology.C.Fritz’sgrowthenvironment. D.Fritz’sinteractionwithanimals.5.Whatdisappointedthescientistsaboutibischicks?A.Theyareeasytogetlostinthemigration.B.Theyarelackinginthedesiretomigrate.C.Theyareaccustomedtothelifeinthezoo.D.Theyarestrikinglyfarfromeasytoteach.6.WhydidFritzdecidetoteachtheibisesanewmigrationroute?A.Theibisesweretooawkwardtofindanewmigrationroute.B.Theibisesneededaguideforlackofgeographicalknowledge.C.Fritzwantedtoprovethathecouldsucceedinadaringplan.DFritzwantedtorecreateatouchingsceneofapopularmovie.7.WhatisFritzlikeaccordingtothepassage?A.sensitivebutcourageous. B.innovativebutdemanding.C.persistentandinsightful. D.enthusiasticandcooperative.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了生物學(xué)家Fritz教給朱鷺一種新的遷徙路線，使這種鳥(niǎo)兒安全遷徙的故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itwaswhatheobservedinhisboyhoodthattookrootinhispursuitofbecomingabiologist.(正是他在少年時(shí)代的觀察，使他立志成為一名生物學(xué)家。)”可知，是Fritz童年的觀察決定了他的職業(yè)選擇。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“In1997,azoogavetheresearchcenteritsfirstnorthernbaldibischicks(隱鹮)Nowherenearasteachableasgeese—andnotevenclosetosuperintelligentravens—theibisesfrustratedmostofthescientists.(1997年，一家動(dòng)物園給了研究中心第一批北方禿頭朱鹮幼鳥(niǎo)，它們遠(yuǎn)不如鵝那么容易教，甚至遠(yuǎn)不如超級(jí)聰明的烏鴉——朱鹮讓大多數(shù)科學(xué)家感到沮喪。)”可知，朱鷺幼鳥(niǎo)非常不容易教，這讓科學(xué)家感到失望。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Aftertheibiseswerefirstreleasedbackintothewildmorethan20yearsago,Fritzlearnedthatspendinggenerationsinzoohadn’treducedtheirdrivetomigrate(遷徙),thoughitdidleavethemgeographicallyuninformed.Intheirsearchfor‘south’,someendedupinRussia.Whattheibisesneeded,Fritzthought,wasaguide.(20多年前，朱鷺第一次被放生到野外后，F(xiàn)ritz了解到，在動(dòng)物園里生活幾代并沒(méi)有減少它們遷徙的動(dòng)力，盡管這確實(shí)讓它們對(duì)地理環(huán)境一無(wú)所知。在尋找‘南方’的過(guò)程中，一些人來(lái)到了俄羅斯。Fritz認(rèn)為，朱鷺需要的是一個(gè)向?qū)А?”可知，朱鷺缺乏地理知識(shí)，需要一個(gè)向?qū)?，所以Fritz決定教朱鷺一種新的遷徙路線。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Fritzdecidedhewouldteachthebirdsanew,safermigrationroutebyguidingthemhimselfinatinyaircraft.Andhewasconfidenthecouldsucceedinthisdaring,unconventionalplan—becausehehaddoneitbefore.(Fritz決定親自駕駛一架小飛機(jī)，教這些鳥(niǎo)一條新的、更安全的遷徙路線。而且他相信自己能在這個(gè)大膽的、非傳統(tǒng)的計(jì)劃中取得成功——因?yàn)樗郧白鲞^(guò)。)”、“Whenheannouncedthathe’ddothesamewiththeibises,hewasinitiallylaughedat.ButFritzdidn’tgiveup.(當(dāng)他宣布他將對(duì)朱鷺做同樣的事情時(shí)，他最初遭到了嘲笑。但Fritz沒(méi)有放棄。)”以及最后一段“In2004,threeyearsaftersomeinitiallybumpy(顛簸的)experiments,FritzledthefirstbatchofbirdsfromAustriatoItaly,andhassinceled15suchmigrations.(2004年，在經(jīng)歷了一些最初坎坷的實(shí)驗(yàn)三年后，F(xiàn)ritz帶領(lǐng)第一批鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)從奧地利遷徙到意大利，此后又帶領(lǐng)了15次這樣的遷徙。)”可知，F(xiàn)ritz堅(jiān)持不懈并且富有洞察力。故選C項(xiàng)。CImaginethis:Youwalkintoaplaceandtheatmosphereislightandairy.Thesubtlescentofcoffeebeansfillstheairandeveryonethatapproachesyouisfriendlyandwelcoming.You’recomfortableandfeellikeyoubelong.Asinmostcities,it’saplacewherepeoplemeet,discussideas,andconductbusiness.AftertakingafewsipsofthatCaramelMacchiato,youimmediatelygetthatfeelingofenergyandoptimism.Perhapsit’spartlyduetothecaffeineandsugarrush,ormaybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.InDecemberof2017,Trenton’sfirstStarbuck’scaféwasopenedtothepublicat102WarrenStreet.Walkingin,peoplelivinginTrentonscreamateverythingaboutthiscafé,fromthediversebutlocalstufftotheTrentonthemeddécor(室內(nèi)裝飾)andart.Tomakethingsbetter,thisStarbucksalsoservesasan“opportunitycafé”whichessentiallymeanstheyoungpeopleinourcommunitiesarerecruitedandofferedjobtrainingandemployment.Thisprogramnotonlyupliftsouryouth,butalsoincreasestheamountofminoritybusinessinthecity.Intheinterviewswithcustomers,atrendinresponsesarose.Tomany,theStarbuckswasa“favoriteplacetostopinafterwork”andprovided“averyrelaxingenvironment.”Thestaffwereoftenhighlypraised,notedasbeingfriendly,helpful,andworkinginharmony.Theinteriordécorofthecaféstruckalotofpeople’sattention,giventhefamiliarityoftheatmosphere.Paintedonthewalls,allaroundthestore,aremurals(壁畫(huà))withbright,colorful,graffiti-likedesignsverysuigenerisinTrenton,showcasinglocalmonumentsliketheStateHouseandthefamous“TrentonMakes”bridge.ThisnewStarbucksbringsasenseofmodernitytoDowntownTrentonandremindsusthatourcityisalwaysdeveloping.Openfrom6a.m.until7p.m.everyday,thebuildingishardlyeverempty.ThisspaceismadeforeveryoneinTrenton,eventhenon-coffeelovers.8.WhatisthemajorfunctionofParagraph1inthepassage?A.Topresentanintroductiontothetopic.B.Tosetabackgroundforthemaintheme.C.Tosummarizethemainideaofthepassage.D.Todescribeacommonphenomenonforthereaders.9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.PeopleareamazedatthenumberofjobopportunitiesprovidedbytheStarbucks.B.“Opportunitycafé”programhelpsachieveboomingeconomyandbringspiritualbenefits.C.MostrespondentsregardedtheStarbucksasaharmoniousandentertainingworkplace.D.Numerouspeopleareattractedtostopinafterworkbythemuralswithoriginaldesigns.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“suigeneris”meaninParagraph3?A.Substantial. B.Delicate. C.Inspirational. D.Unique.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.StarbucksIsDesignedforEveryoneB.StarbucksGainsPopularityinTrentonC.StarbucksSetsanAtmosphereofProgressD.StarbucksCreatesMoreJobOpportunities【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了特倫頓市第一家星巴克咖啡館的開(kāi)業(yè)情況及其給市民帶來(lái)的積極影響。該咖啡館不僅提供舒適的氛圍和美味的咖啡，還擔(dān)任著“機(jī)會(huì)咖啡館”的角色，為社區(qū)年輕人提供工作培訓(xùn)和就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，促進(jìn)了城市經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第一段中“Imaginethis:Youwalkintoaplaceandtheatmosphereislightandairy.Thesubtlescentofcoffeebeansfillstheairandeveryonethatapproachesyouisfriendlyandwelcoming.You’recomfortableandfeellikeyoubelong.Asinmostcities,it’saplacewherepeoplemeet,discussideas,andconductbusiness.AftertakingafewsipsofthatCaramelMacchiato,youimmediatelygetthatfeelingofenergyandoptimism.(想象一下：你走進(jìn)一個(gè)地方，那里的氣氛明亮而通風(fēng)?？諝庵袕浡Х榷沟那逑?，每個(gè)接近你的人都很友好和熱情。你很舒服，覺(jué)得自己屬于這里。和大多數(shù)城市一樣，這是一個(gè)人們見(jiàn)面、討論想法和開(kāi)展業(yè)務(wù)的地方。喝了幾口焦糖瑪奇朵后，你會(huì)立刻感到精力充沛和樂(lè)觀)”先描述一個(gè)輕松、友好且彌漫著咖啡香氣的環(huán)境，下文“Perhapsit’spartlyduetothecaffeineandsugarrush,ormaybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.(也許部分是由于咖啡因和糖的刺激，或者可能是星巴克的存在通常表明一個(gè)城市正在崛起)”接著提出本文的話題：星巴克咖啡館。由此推知，第一段的主要作用是引入主題。故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“maybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.(也許是因?yàn)樾前涂说拇嬖谕ǔ１砻饕粋€(gè)城市正在崛起)”和第二段中“Tomakethingsbetter,thisStarbucksalsoservesasan“opportunitycafé”whichessentiallymeanstheyoungpeopleinourcommunitiesarerecruitedandofferedjobtrainingandemployment.Thisprogramnotonlyupliftsouryouth,butalsoincreasestheamountofminoritybusinessinthecity.(更好的是，這家星巴克也作為一個(gè)“機(jī)會(huì)咖啡館”，本質(zhì)上意味著我們社區(qū)的年輕人被招募并提供工作培訓(xùn)和就業(yè)。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目不僅鼓舞了我們的年輕人，而且還增加了城市中少數(shù)族裔企業(yè)的數(shù)量)”可推知，“機(jī)會(huì)咖啡”項(xiàng)目可以幫助增加就業(yè)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)常發(fā)展，同時(shí)鼓舞年輕人，帶來(lái)精神上的益處。所以““Opportunitycafé”programhelpsachieveboomingeconomyandbringspiritualbenefits.(“機(jī)會(huì)咖啡”項(xiàng)目幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮，帶來(lái)精神利益)”是正確的表述。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theinteriordécorofthecaféstruckalotofpeople’sattention,giventhefamiliarityoftheatmosphere.(因?yàn)樗煜さ姆諊Х瑞^的內(nèi)部裝飾引起了很多人的注意)”和劃線詞下文“showcasinglocalmonumentsliketheStateHouseandthefamous“TrentonMakes”bridge.(展示了當(dāng)?shù)氐募o(jì)念碑，比如州議會(huì)大廈和著名的“特倫頓制造”橋)”可推知，咖啡館內(nèi)部裝飾展示的是特倫頓本地大家熟悉的事物。由此推知，“murals(壁畫(huà))withbright,colorful,graffiti-likedesigns”是當(dāng)?shù)鬲?dú)一無(wú)二的，人們熟悉的壁畫(huà)。故劃線詞suigeneris與unique同義。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“maybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.(也許是因?yàn)樾前涂说拇嬖谕ǔ１砻饕粋€(gè)城市正在崛起)”、第二段中“InDecemberof2017,Trenton’sfirstStarbuck’scaféwasopenedtothepublicat102WarrenStreet.(2017年12月，特倫頓的第一家星巴克咖啡館在沃倫街102號(hào)向公眾開(kāi)放)”和最后一段中“ThisnewStarbucksbringsasenseofmodernitytoDowntownTrentonandremindsusthatourcityisalwaysdeveloping.Openfrom6a.m.until7p.m.everyday,thebuildingishardlyeverempty.(這家新的星巴克給特倫頓市中心帶來(lái)了一種現(xiàn)代感，并提醒我們，我們的城市一直在發(fā)展。每天從早上6點(diǎn)開(kāi)放到晚上7點(diǎn)，這家咖啡館幾乎從來(lái)沒(méi)有空過(guò))”可知，文章介紹了特倫頓的第一家星巴克咖啡館給城市帶來(lái)了現(xiàn)代感，推動(dòng)了城市的崛起，營(yíng)造了發(fā)展的氛圍，故“StarbucksSetsanAtmosphereofProgress(星巴克營(yíng)造出發(fā)展的氛圍)”是文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。DInrecentyearsAmericansocietyhasbecomeincreasinglydependentonitsuniversitiestofindsolutionstoitsmajorproblems.Itistheuniversitiesthathavebeentoblamefordevelopingtheexpertisetoplacemenonthemoon;fordealingwithoururbanproblemsandwithourworseningenvironment;fordevelopingthemeanstofeedtheworld’srapidlyincreasingpopulation.Theeffortinvolvedinmeetingthesedemandspresentsitsownproblems.Inaddition,however,thisconcentrationonthecreationofnewknowledgesignificantlyimpingesontheuniversities’effortstoperformtheirotherprincipalfunctions,thetransmissionandinterpretationofknowledge-theimpartingoftheheritageofthepastandthepreparingofthenextgenerationtocarryitforward.Withregardtothis,perhapstheirmosttraditionallyacknowledgedtask,collegeanduniversitiestodayfindthemselvesinaserioussituation.Ononehand,thereistheAmericancommitment,especiallysinceWorldWar

Ⅱ,toprovidehighereducationforallyoungpeoplewhocanprofitfromit.Theresultofthecommitmenthasbeenadramaticriseinenrollments(登記入學(xué))inouruniversities,coupledwithastrikingshiftfromtheprivatetothepublicsectorofhighereducation.Ontheotherhand,thereareseriousandcontinuinglimitationsontheresourcesavailableforhighereducation.Whilehighereducationhasbecomeagreat”growthindustry“,itisalsoatthesametimeatremendousdrain(耗竭)ontheresourcesofthenation.Withthevastincreaseinenrollmentandtheshiftinprioritiesawayfromeducationinstateandfederal(聯(lián)邦的)budgets,thereisinmostofourpublicinstitutionsasignificantdecreaseinexpensesfortheirstudents.Onecrucialaspectofthisdrainonresourcesliesinthepersistentshortageoftrainedfaculty(全體教師),whichhasled,inturn,toadecliningstandardofcompetenceininstruction.Intensifyingthesedifficultiesis,asindicatedabove,theconcernwithresearch,withitsincreasingclaimsonresourcesandtheattentionofthefaculty.Inaddition,thereisastrongtendencyfortheinstitutions’organizationandfunctioningtofulfillthedemandsofresearchratherthanthoseofteaching.12.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatshouldbethemostimportantfunctionofAmericanuniversities?A.Sparingnoefforttocreatenewknowledgeforstudents.B.Enhancingstudents’competenceoftacklingsocialproblems.C.Makingexpertsonadvancedindustriesoutoftheirstudents.D.Preparingtheirstudentstotransmittheknowledgeofthepast.13.InAmericanuniversities,thereisacontradictionbetween________.A.morestudentsandlessinvestment B.educationqualityandeconomicprofitC.lowenrollmentrateandhigheducationdemand D.privateownershipandAmericancommitment14.Aseriousoutcomebroughtaboutbytheshortageofresourcesisthat________.A.manypublicinstitutionshavetocutdownenrollmentsofstudentsB.teachersarenotcompetentenoughtoperformsatisfactorilyinclassC.someinstitutionsareforcedtoreducethetotalexpensesonresearchD.thereiskeencompetitionforresourcesbetweenpublicandprivateinstitutions15.WhatworsenedtheseverityoftheproblemsfacedbyAmericanuniversities?A.TheimproperdistributionofAmericanuniversities’resources.B.TheincreasingargumentoverAmericanuniversities’primarytask.C.TheinabilityofAmericanuniversities’organizationandfulfillment.D.ThegrowingfocusonAmericanuniversities’functionofresearch.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)大學(xué)現(xiàn)在存在的問(wèn)題。大學(xué)承擔(dān)起了開(kāi)發(fā)登月技術(shù)、應(yīng)對(duì)我們城市問(wèn)題及日益惡化的環(huán)境、尋求方法養(yǎng)活全球迅速增長(zhǎng)的人口等重任，同時(shí)，對(duì)新知識(shí)創(chuàng)造的高度關(guān)注，也在很大程度上影響了大學(xué)履行其其他主要職能，即傳授過(guò)去的文化遺產(chǎn)以及培養(yǎng)下一代接班人繼續(xù)傳承下去的能力，從而使美國(guó)大學(xué)面臨科研和教學(xué)無(wú)法兼顧的尷尬局面?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Inaddition,however,thisconcentrationonthecreationofnewknowledgesignificantlyimpingesontheuniversities’effortstoperformtheirotherprincipalfunctions,thetransmissionandinterpretationofknowledge-theimpartingoftheheritageofthepastandthepreparingofthenextgenerationtocarryitforward.(此外，對(duì)新知識(shí)研究的關(guān)注嚴(yán)重影響大學(xué)完成其他重要任務(wù)，即知識(shí)的傳承與解釋——對(duì)過(guò)去傳統(tǒng)的傳播和教育年青一代并將其發(fā)揚(yáng))”可知，美國(guó)大學(xué)最重要的職能應(yīng)該是讓學(xué)生做好傳遞過(guò)去知識(shí)的準(zhǔn)備。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Withregardtothis,perhapstheirmosttraditionallyacknowledgedtask,collegeanduniversitiestodayfindthemselvesinaserioussituation.Ononehand,thereistheAmericancommitment,especiallysinceWorldWar

Ⅱ,toprovidehighereducationforallyoungpeoplewhocanprofitfromit.Theresultofthecommitmenthasbeenadramaticriseinenrollmentsinouruniversities,coupledwithastrikingshiftfromtheprivatetothepublicsectorofhighereducation.(關(guān)于這個(gè)可能是傳統(tǒng)上公認(rèn)的任務(wù)，如今的學(xué)院和大學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處境嚴(yán)峻。一方面，美國(guó)承諾，特別是自第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以來(lái)，為所有能夠從中受益的年輕人提供高等教育。這一承諾的結(jié)果是，我們大學(xué)的入學(xué)人數(shù)急劇增加，同時(shí)伴隨著高等教育從私營(yíng)部門(mén)向公共部門(mén)的顯著轉(zhuǎn)變)”及第三段“Ontheotherhand,thereareseriousandcontinuinglimitationsontheresourcesavailableforhighereducation.(另一方面，可用于高等教育的資源存在嚴(yán)重且持久的局限性)”可知，在美國(guó)大學(xué)里，學(xué)生多與投入少之間存在矛盾。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Onecrucialaspectofthisdrainonresourcesliesinthepersistentshortageoftrainedfaculty( 全體教師 ),whichhasled,inturn,toadecliningstandardofcompetenceininstruction.(這種資源消耗的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵方面是受過(guò)培訓(xùn)的教師持續(xù)短缺，這反過(guò)來(lái)又導(dǎo)致教學(xué)能力水平下降)”可知，資源短缺帶來(lái)的一個(gè)嚴(yán)重后果是教師的能力不夠，無(wú)法在課堂上取得令人滿(mǎn)意的成績(jī)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Intensifyingthesedifficultiesis,asindicatedabove,theconcernwithresearch,withitsincreasingclaimsonresourcesandtheattentionofthefaculty.Inaddition,thereisastrongtendencyfortheinstitutions’organizationandfunctioningtofulfillthedemandsofresearchratherthanthoseofteaching.(如上所述，加劇這些困難的是對(duì)研究的關(guān)注，研究對(duì)資源的需求日益增長(zhǎng)，同時(shí)也吸引了教員的注意力。此外，學(xué)院的組織結(jié)構(gòu)和運(yùn)行功能更傾向于滿(mǎn)足研究需求而非教學(xué)需求，這一傾向也非常明顯)”可知，美國(guó)大學(xué)對(duì)研究職能的日益重視加劇了其所面臨的難題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。There’snothingmorefrustratingthanaparentsaying“no”tosomethingyoureallywant,whetherit’sadog,oranewphone.___16___However,therearealotofsimplethingsyoucandotohelpyouconvinceyourparentstogiveyouwhatyouwant!Picktherighttimetoapproachthesubject.Usuallyfamilydinnertimeisasafebet.Itisnotagoodideatoaskforsomethingwheneitherparentseemsstressed,distracted,ortired.___17___Especiallynotifthey’reupsetatyou.Maintainacalmtoneduringthetalk.Askingforsomethingcanbeanemotionalexperience:youmightfeelpassionateaboutthethingyou’reaskingfor,andyoumightfeelangryorfrustratedifyourparentssayno.___18___Studiesshownegotiationismoresuccessfulifit’sdonepeacefullyandrationally.Bepatientandgivethemtimetothinkaboutit.___19___Tellthemtogetbacktoyouinacouplehoursordayswithanyquestionsorconcernstheyhave.Letthemknowthatyouwanttodiscussthisasmature,responsibleadultsandyouarewillingtoworkthroughanypotentialissues.Sayitlikethat,andyou’llbesuretoimpressthemwithhowwell-roundedandbalancedyourargumentis.___20___Beforeyougotoyourparentstoaskforthatnewpuppy,makesureyouknowexactlywhatadoptingapetrequires.Havingagoodunderstandingofwhatyou’llbeaskingyourparentsaboutwillhelpyoupresentyourcasesuccessfully;byknowingyourtopicinsideandout,you’llhaveconfidentanswersfortheir(many,many)questions.A.Understandyourparents’currentfeelingsaboutyourrequirement.B.Dobackgroundresearchonthethingyouwant.C.You’dbetterneverforcethemtogiveyouananswerrightaway.D.Youshouldtrytokeepyourheadalltheway.E.Youwon’talwaysbeabletopersuadeyourparentstoseethingsyourway.F.It’sgoodtodiscusswithyourparentsaboutwhatyouneedatthattime.G.Don’tbringitupwhenthey’renotinagoodmood.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.C20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹了幫助說(shuō)服父母同意自己想要的東西的幾個(gè)方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“However,therearealotofsimplethingsyoucandotohelpyouconvinceyourparentstogiveyouwhatyouwant!(然而，你可以做很多簡(jiǎn)單的事情來(lái)幫助你說(shuō)服你的父母給你想要的)”可知，空處與下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，是描述無(wú)法說(shuō)服父母的情況，E項(xiàng)“你不可能總能說(shuō)服你的父母站在你的角度看問(wèn)題”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段主題句“Picktherighttimetoapproachthesubject.(選擇合適的時(shí)間接近主題)”以及空前“Itisnotagoodideatoaskforsomethingwheneitherparentseemsstressed,distracted,ortired.(當(dāng)父母一方看起來(lái)有壓力、心煩意亂或疲憊時(shí)，向父母要東西并不是一個(gè)好主意)”可知，本段是說(shuō)向父母提要求的合適時(shí)機(jī)，G項(xiàng)“不要在他們心情不好的時(shí)候提起這件事”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段主題句“Maintainacalmtoneduringthetalk.(在談話中保持冷靜的語(yǔ)氣)”以及下文“Studiesshownegotiationismoresuccessfulifit’sdonepeacefullyandrationally.(研究表明，和平理性的談判更容易成功)”可知，本段是說(shuō)要保持冷靜，D項(xiàng)“你應(yīng)該一直保持頭腦清醒”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段主題句“Bepatientandgivethemtimetothinkaboutit.(要有耐心，給他們時(shí)間去思考)”以及下文“Tellthemtogetbacktoyouinacouplehoursordayswithanyquestionsorconcernstheyhave.(告訴他們?nèi)绻腥魏螁?wèn)題或擔(dān)心，幾個(gè)小時(shí)或幾天后再來(lái)找你)”可知，本段是說(shuō)要給父母時(shí)間思考，C項(xiàng)“你最好不要強(qiáng)迫他們馬上給你答復(fù)”與本段語(yǔ)義一致，故選C。【20題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Beforeyougotoyourparentstoaskforthatnewpuppy,makesureyouknowexactlywhatadoptingapetrequires.(在你去找父母要一只新的小狗之前，確保你確切地知道收養(yǎng)寵物需要什么)”可知，本段是說(shuō)在向父母提要求前做好背景調(diào)查，B項(xiàng)“對(duì)你想要的東西做背景調(diào)查”適合作為主題句，故選B。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IcouldfeeltheexcitementrisinginmeasIheldthebeautifullywrappedpresentinmyhands.Unableto___21___mycuriosityanylonger,Irippeditopen,surprisedtoseeabrand-newlaptop.Iwas___22___withitforscoringstraight“A”sformyexaminations.Ihadalways___23___myfriendswhowereexchangingnewsabout“chatrooms”,“instantmessaging”and“emailing”,allofwhichIknewnothingabout.NowIwasgoingto___24___.Itstartedout___25___enough.IwasjustsearchingforsomeinformationonlinewhenI___26___asocialnetworkingsite.SoonIbecame___27___tomynew-foundelectronicfriend,begantospendmoretimeonYouTube,andevenbecameenslavedbyFacebookandTwitter.Neverinmy___28___dreamshadIthoughtaboutthedaywhenIwassofocusedontheglowingscreenbeforeme.Astimepassed,itevencametoa___29___w