2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第一編必修3Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina課時(shí)作業(yè)含解析外研版

PAGEModule5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina課時(shí)作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀A(2024·吉林省長(zhǎng)春外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校月考)Whenitcomestothegreatestinventionsoftheworld,China'snameissuretobementionedseveraltimes.TherearehundredsofthingswhichwereinventedbytheChinese.AlcoholShocked?IwasbecausewhentheysaidalcoholIthoughtabouteithertheUSortheUK.Chinahadnevercrossedmymind.InChina,alcoholwasmadebytwolegendarypersonsnamedYiDiandDuKangwhobelongedtotheXiaDynasty.Thisperiodwasabout2000BC1600BC.ResearchsaysthatinancientChina,beerwith4%alcoholiccontentwaswidelyconsumedbypeople.TeaChinaistheproudinventorofteawhichwasfirstdrunkbyShenNong,aChineseemperoraround2737BC.Teaproductionwasrapidlydeveloped,makingteaapopulardrinkduringtheTangandSongDynasties.TheMechanicalClockHaveyoueverwonderedwhatonearthwewouldbedoingwithoutanyideaoftime?Aclockreallyisaninventionwithoutwhichthingswereincomplete.ThecreditofmakingthefirstmechanicalclockgoestoancientChina.ThefirstmechanicalclockwasinventedbyYiXingintheTangDynasty.Thiswasduring618and907.SilkFabricSilk,thefavoritefabricofmanygirlsoutthere,isalsoaChineseinvention.Althoughweallknowthatsilkismadebysilkworms,itwasChinesepeoplewhofirstinventedawaytoharvestthesilkandthenuseittomakeclothes.TheoldestsilkwhichhasbeenfoundsofarisinHenan篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了四種中國(guó)的獨(dú)創(chuàng)：酒、茶、機(jī)械鐘以及絲綢。1．WecanlearnfromParagraph2that________.A．peopleintheUSlikealcoholB．beerwaspopularintheXiaDynastyC．YiDiandDuKanginventedalcoholbyaccidentD．theauthordidn'tknowalcoholisaChineseinvention答案：D推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“Shocked?IwasbecausewhentheysaidalcoholIthoughtabouteithertheUSortheUK.”(震驚嗎？我震驚，因?yàn)楫?dāng)他們說(shuō)到酒的時(shí)候，我想到的不是美國(guó)就是英國(guó)。)可推想，作者并不知道酒是一項(xiàng)中國(guó)獨(dú)創(chuàng)。故選D。2．TheauthorasksthequestioninParagraph4toshow________.A．a(chǎn)ncientChineseinventorswerewiserB．manythingsinourlivesareincompleteC．a(chǎn)ncientChinesepeopleneverwastedtimeD．theinventionofthemechanicalclockisimportant答案：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段其次句“Aclockreallyisaninventionwithoutwhichthingswereincomplete.”(時(shí)鐘的確是一項(xiàng)沒(méi)有它一切都會(huì)不完整的獨(dú)創(chuàng)。)可知，第四段第一句提出的問(wèn)題是為了說(shuō)明機(jī)械鐘獨(dú)創(chuàng)的重要性。故選D。3．Whichofthefollowinginventionhasalongerhistory?A．Tea. B．Alcohol.C．Silkfabric. D．Themechanicalclock.答案：C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知：酒大約是公元前2000年到公元前1600年獨(dú)創(chuàng)的；茶葉大約在公元前2737年；機(jī)械鐘表是在618年和907年；絲綢可追溯到公元前3630年。綜上可知，絲綢的歷史更久遠(yuǎn)，故選C?！驹~匯積累】①legendaryn.傳聞的，傳奇的②contentn.內(nèi)容③wonderv.想知道④datebackto追溯到【難句分析】原文：Althoughweallknowthatsilkismadebysilkworms,itwasChinesepeoplewhofirstinventedawaytoharvestthesilkandthenuseittomakeclothes.雖然我們都知道絲綢是由蠶吐出的，但中國(guó)人首先獨(dú)創(chuàng)了一種獲得絲綢然后用來(lái)做衣服的方法。(最終一段其次句)分析：本句是主從復(fù)合句。Although引導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)折讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，從句中含有know的賓語(yǔ)從句，主句為itwas...who的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。B(2024·廣東省試驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期第一次考試)TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)needstoproveitsworththroughrigorousclinicaltrials,accordingtotheheadofoneofChina'slargestherbalremedycompanies,asacontentiousnewlawtoboostthe$40bnsectorcomesintoeffect.TraditionalChineseMedicineisestimatedbyanalyststoaccountforathirdofsalesinChina's$117bnpharmaceutical(藥學(xué))market,theworld'ssecondlargest.Butmostofthosesalesareofrelativelycheapover-the-counterdrugs,withmanyChinesehospitaldoctorsunwillingtoprescribeTCMremediesbecauseofthelackofevidencefortheireffectiveness.China'sfirstlawpromisingequalstatusforTCMandwesternmedicineinthecountry'sstate-dominatedhealthcaresystemcomesintoeffectthisweekend.ProvisionsincludeencouragementforhospitalstosetupTCMcentres,andalicensingsystemforpractitioners(從業(yè)者).“ThislawisveryimportantforsecuringthestatusofTCM，”saidWuYiling,chairmanofYilingPharmaceutical,acompanythatmakesherbalremediesbasedontraditionalrecipesinthenorthernprovinceofHebei.ListedinShenzhen,WuYilinghasamarketcapitalizationofRMB20.7bn($3bn).MrWu,thesonofaherbalpractitioner,controlsafamilyfortuneof$1.6bn,accordingtotheHurunRichList.MrWuisbothasupporterofthenatureofQi—themysticalenergyforcethatprovidesthebasisformuchofTCMtheory—andtheclinicaltrialsvitaltowesternpharmaceuticalcompanies.“TCMneedstodevelopusingmodernresearchmethods，”hesaid.Forinstance,researchersfromPekingandCardiffUniversitiestestedthehealthbenefitsofYiling'sherbalmedicineYangzhengXiaoji,publishingpapersintheInternationalJournalofAnalystssaysuchtestscanhelpgainsupportfromdoubtfulhospitaldoctorsandboostprescriptions.“Doctorsneedstrongevidencethatdrugsdefinitelywork，”saidSerenaShao,healthcareanalystatbrokerageCLSA.“Someofthesecompaniesarecurrentlydoingclinicaltrials,andgettingproofthattheirdrugshavethesameefficacy(功效)aschemicaldrugs.That'sthewaytogo.”sheadded.TheTCMlawhasbeengreetedwithdoubtfromChina'swestern-schooledmedicalestablishment,whichpointstoalackofrigoroustrainingforTCMdoctors,andarecentseriesofshockingeventsinvolvingherbalinjectionsbelievedtohavebeenharmful.“OfficialswilltryandencourageTCM,butalsowillbeverycautiousaboutwhatkindsofTCMtheyuseinhospitals，”addedMsShao.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。中國(guó)最大草藥公司之一的負(fù)責(zé)人表示，隨著一項(xiàng)有爭(zhēng)議的新法律生效，傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)TCM須要通過(guò)嚴(yán)格的臨床試驗(yàn)證明其價(jià)值。4．WhydoesTraditionalChineseMedicineneedtoproveitsworththroughrigorousclinicaltrials?A．BecauseChinesemedicineisallcheapover-the-counterdrugs.B．BecauseChinesemedicinemarketistheworld'ssecondlargestone.C．BecauseChinesegovernmentwantstoboostthelawofChinesemedicine.D．BecausedoctorsareunwillingtoprescribeTCMremedieslackingevidenceofeffectiveness.答案：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Butmostofthosesalesareofrelativelycheapover-the-counterdrugs,withmanyChinesehospitaldoctorsunwillingtoprescribeTCMremedies(療法)becauseofthelackofevidencefortheireffectiveness.”可知，醫(yī)生不情愿開(kāi)中醫(yī)療法因?yàn)槿狈ψC據(jù)證明它們的有效性，所以中醫(yī)須要通過(guò)嚴(yán)格的臨床試驗(yàn)證明其價(jià)值。故選D。5．Whichwordscanbeusedtoreplacetheunderlinedword“Provisions”inthethirdparagraph?A．Articlesoflaw.B．Waysofsupplying.C．Methodsofmotivation.D．Approachestoinspiring.答案：A詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后的“includeencouragementforhospitalstosetupTCMcentres,andalicensingsystemforpractitioners(從業(yè)者)．”可知，激勵(lì)醫(yī)院建立TCM中心，以及為從業(yè)者供應(yīng)許可證制度，這些屬于規(guī)定的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容，因此畫(huà)線詞指的是“法律條款”。故選A。6．Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthatMrWuYiling________.A．isaherbalpractitioner,controllingafamilyfortuneB．hasacompanyinShenzhenthathasamarketcapitalizationof$3bnC．lethiscompanyevaluateherbalmedicineswithwesternevidence-basedmethodsD．thinksthatifweneedtodevelopTCM,weshoulduseChinesetraditionalresearchmethods答案：C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第六段中的“ThetheoryandrecipeisTCM,butinpracticetheevaluationofourmedicinesiscarriedoutaccordingtowesternevidence-basedmethods，”可知，武夷嶺先生讓他的公司用西方循證方法評(píng)估草藥。故選C。7．Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,weinferthat________.A．westerndoctorsdenytheeffectivenessofTCMB．TCMhasn'tbeenrecognizedinthewesternmedicineC．thereisalackofrigoroustrainingforTCMdoctorsD．a(chǎn)recentseriesofshockingeventshasdestroyedChinesemedicine答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“TheTCMlawhasbeengreetedwithdoubtfromChina'swestern-schooledmedicalestablishment,whichpointstoalackofrigoroustrainingforTCMdoctors,andarecentseriesofshockingeventsinvolvingherbalinjectionsbelievedtohavebeenharmful.”可推知，中醫(yī)在西方醫(yī)學(xué)中尚未得到認(rèn)可。故選B?！驹~匯積累】①rigorousadj.謹(jǐn)慎的；細(xì)致的；嚴(yán)格的②boostv.使增長(zhǎng)；使興盛③comeintoeffect起先生效；起先實(shí)施④establishmentn.機(jī)構(gòu)；大型組織；企業(yè)【難句分析】原文：China'sfirstlawpromisingequalstatusforTCMandwesternmedicineinthecountry'sstate－dominatedhealthcaresystemcomesintoeffectthisweekend.中國(guó)首部承諾中西醫(yī)在國(guó)家主導(dǎo)的醫(yī)療體系中享有同等地位的法律將于本周末生效。(第三段第一句)分析：本句為簡(jiǎn)潔句。句子主體為China'sfirstlawcomesintoeffectthisweekend；promisingequalstatusforTCMandwesternmedicineinthecountry'sstate－dominatedhealthcaresystem為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞law。C(2024·湖北省龍泉中學(xué)、宜昌一中高三聯(lián)考)MaryAnningwasanEnglishfossilcollector,dealerandpaleontologist(古生物學(xué)家).Herfossil－h(huán)untinghelpedchangethewaypeoplethoughtabouttheworld.MarywasbornintoapoorfamilyinEnglandonMay21,1799.ShelivedintheseasidetownofLymeRegis,inDorset.Thefamilyhadninechildren.OnlyMaryandherbrotherJosephgrewup.Mary'sfathertookhischildrenalongthebeach.Theypickedupshellsandstonestoselltovisitors.Marydidnotgotoschoolmuch.Herfamilywastoopoor.Andschoolsdidnotteachchildrenaboutfossils.Marycouldreadandwrite.Shetaughtherself.Shelearnedaboutrocksandhowbodiesaremade.In1811whenMaryandJosephwerefossilhunting,Josephsawabonestickingoutoftherock.Maryhadahammertochipawayattherock.Verycarefullysheuncoveredit.Shefoundthefirstcompletefossiloftheichthyosaur(魚(yú)龍)．Sincethen,Marybecamecrazyaboutfossilhunting.Shelikedtohuntonthebeachafterastorm.Thewind,rainandwavesmadetherockscrumble.Itwaseasytospotfossils.MostdaysMarywentfossilhuntingwithherdog,Tray.RichfriendshelpedMarybysellingfossilsforher.Theysenthermoney.Scientistswrotelettersandcametoseeher.OnegoodfriendwasWilliamBuckland,aprofessoratOxfordMaryAnningdiedin1847.Howevolution(進(jìn)化)workswasexplainedbyCharlesDarwinnotlongafterMarydied.Herfossilshadhelpedscientistsunderstandhowthingsbegan.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了英國(guó)化石保藏家、商人和古生物學(xué)家瑪麗·安靜的故事。8．WhydidMary'sfathertakehischildrenalongthebeach?A．Toenjoylife.B．Tomakealiving.C．Tolookforfossils.D．Toteachthemaboutfossils.答案：B推理推斷題。由其次段中的“MarywasbornintoapoorfamilyinEnglandonMay21,1799.”“Mary'sfathertookhischildrenalongthebeach.Theypickedupshellsandstonestoselltovisitors.”可知，1799年5月21日，瑪麗誕生于英國(guó)一個(gè)貧困的家庭?，旣惖母赣H常常帶著他的孩子們沿著海灘走。他們撿貝殼和石頭賣(mài)給游客。所以瑪麗的父親帶孩子們?nèi)ズ＿吺菫榱酥\生。故選B項(xiàng)。9．WhatcanwelearnaboutMary?A．Herfatherwasapaleontologist.B．Herfathereducatedherathome.C．Shehadninebrothersandsistersinall.D．Shemightbepopularatthattime.答案：D推理推斷題。由倒數(shù)其次段中的“Scientistswrotelettersandcametoseeher.”“Maryalsoopenedashoptosellfossils,stonesandshells.Shechattedwithvisitors.”可知，科學(xué)家寫(xiě)信并來(lái)探望她?，旣愡€開(kāi)了一家商店出售化石、石頭和貝殼且與到訪的游客聊一些關(guān)于化石的信息。所以通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞“Scientistswrotelettersandcametoseeher.”“Shechattedwithvisitors.”可以推斷出，在那個(gè)時(shí)候她很出名，很受歡迎。故選D項(xiàng)。10．Whowasthefirstonetocatchsightoftherockcontainingthefirstcompleteichthyosaurfossil?A．CharlesDarwin. B．Mary'sdog.C．Mary. D．Joseph.答案：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“In1811whenMaryandJosephwerefossilhunting,Josephsawabonestickingoutoftherock.”可知，1811年，當(dāng)瑪麗和約瑟夫在找尋化石時(shí)，約瑟夫看到一根骨頭從巖石中伸出來(lái)了。所以約瑟夫是第一個(gè)看到含有第一個(gè)完整魚(yú)龍化石的人。故選D項(xiàng)。11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crumble”inthefourthparagraphmeans?A．Break. B．Shake.C．Float. D．Dive.答案：A詞義揣測(cè)題。由第四段中的“Shelikedtohuntonthebeachafterastorm.Thewind,rainandwavesmadetherockscrumble.Itwaseasytospotfossils.”可知，暴風(fēng)雨過(guò)后她喜愛(ài)在海灘上找尋化石。風(fēng)、雨、浪使巖石變得碎裂，很簡(jiǎn)潔發(fā)覺(jué)化石。所以通過(guò)上下文語(yǔ)境可以推斷出第四段加下劃線的“crumble”是break“裂開(kāi)”的意思。故選A項(xiàng)?！驹~匯積累】①fossiln.化石②dealern.交易商；貿(mào)易商③hammern.錘子；榔頭④completeadj.完全的，徹底的【難句分析】原文：In1811whenMaryandJosephwerefossilhunting,Josephsawabonestickingoutoftherock.1811年，當(dāng)瑪麗和約瑟夫在找尋化石時(shí)，約瑟夫看到一塊骨頭從巖石中伸出來(lái)。(第三段第一句)分析：本句為主從復(fù)合句。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空(2024·四川省成都市高三畢業(yè)班摸底測(cè)試)StudentsataprimaryschoolinHangzhouhadtheirfirstclass__1__March1stonmovabletype.Thisis__2__ancientChineseprintingsystem.TheWestLakePrimarySchoolinZhejiangProvincehasintroducedthecourseinthenewterm.AnexpertinChinesecharactersculturehasbeeninvitedtothecampus，__3__majorresponsibilityistoteachstudentshow__4__(use)theancientprintingtechnology.Studentsattendlecturesonthehistoryofmovabletypealongwith__5__(interest)classesontypesettingandprinting.Theythenprinttheirowndocument,__6__(apply)theknowledgethey'velearned.Onestudentprintedher____8__(know)asoneofthefour