2024年四川省瀘州市中考英語試題含解析

瀘州市二○二四年初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語試題第一部分（選擇題共70分）一、基礎(chǔ)知識運用（共兩節(jié)；滿分30分）第一節(jié)單項選擇（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。1.—Thankyouforlendingmeyourumbrellayesterday.—_________.A.Takeiteasy B.WelldoneC.It’suptoyou D.Mypleasure2.Youwillnevertrulyunderstandyourparents’greatlove______yougrowup.A.until B.if C.since D.as3.Whenyou________Mamianqun(horse-faceskirt),youwillsensethebeautyofChina’straditionalclothing.A.turnon B.getonC.puton D.dependon4.______healthy,westudentsalwaysdomorningexerciseseverydayatschool.A.Keep B.TokeepC.Keeping D.Keeps5.—CanyouteachmehowtoimprovespokenEnglish?—Themoreyoupractice,______itbecomes.A.theworse B.theworstC.thebetter D.thebest6.—Rebecca,haveyoudecidedwhattodothisSaturday?—Notyet.I______volunteerattheoldpeople’shome.A.may B.mustC.should D.would7.—Thebestthingsinlifearefree.—Couldn’tagreemore.Aircosts______,butwecan’tlivewithoutit.A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything8.—Tom,thehigh-speedrailway(高鐵)connectingLuzhouwithChongqing______thisyearhopefully.—Amazing!I’mlookingforwardtoit!A.completes B.iscompletedC.wascompleted D.willbecompleted9.—Hi,Ethan.Icalledyouat8:00lastnight,butyoudidn’tanswer.—Sorry,I______thedishes.A.wash B.washedC.amwashing D.waswashing10.Atruefriendisaperson________willalwaysbetheretoshareyourlaughterandtears.A.what B.which C.who D.whom第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）通讀下面的短文，然后從后面各題所給A、B、C、D四個選項中選擇可以填入空白處的最佳答案。AThehistoryofthecompass(指南針)datesbacktotheWarringStatesPeriod(476—221BC),whenChinesepeopleusedatoolcalledSiNantopointthedirection.Aftercontinuousimprovement,aroundcompass____11____atinymagnetizedneedle(磁針)wasinventedduringtheearlySongDynasty.Oneendoftheneedlepointstothesouthandtheothertothenorth.Thenitwas____12____toEuropeduringtheNorthernSong(960—1127).Beforetheinventionofthecompass,peopledependedonreadingthe____13____ofthesun,themoon,andpolestarstotelldirections.However,travellingwas____14____inbadweather.Aftertheinvention,peoplecouldeasilyfindadirectionwhengoingouttoseaandexploringunknownareas.Theinventionofthecompasshasastronginfluenceontheworld.Thecompasshugely____15____thetradeandcommunicationbetweencountries.11.A.in B.with C.of D.at12.A.borrowed B.pushed C.returned D.introduced13.A.positions B.numbers C.sizes D.colors14.A.lonely B.difficult C.tiring D.meaningless15.A.controlled B.checked C.improved D.recordedBWhenIwasturningthirtyyearsold,afriendaskedmetosharemybiggest____16____inlife.Itonlytookmea(n)____17____tosayImostregrettednotcompletingcollege.IexplainedthatIwasconsideredtobe____18____inschool,gotgreatgrades,andhadbigdreams.____19____finishinguniversity,IfeltlikeIwasnotonlylettingmyselfdown,butalsoeveryonewhobelievedinme.Myfriendsaid,“Whynotnow?”Butwithasoninprimaryschool,abusyjob,andlotsofotherresponsibilitiesathome,Ihadamillion____20____.TheoneIthoughtwasthestrongest:IfIwentback,Iwouldbethirty-two____21____Igraduated.WhatIheardwassomethingIwouldnever____22____:“You’regoingtobethirty-twoanyway(無論如何).”Lookingback,Ifeelit’sthe____23____andwisestadviceIhaveeverreceived.Iwouldturnthirty-twowithacollegedegree(學(xué)位)orwithoutoneanyway.SoI____24____tocontinuemystudy.Igraduatedfromuniversity____25____andfeltproudofmyself.AndIhavereviewedthis____26____manytimes.Ibelieveit’snevertoolateformetodoanythingexceptbecomingateenager.DoIreallywantto____27____myfirstbookinmyforties?I’mgoingtobefortyanyway.DoIreallywanttorunahalfmarathon(馬拉松)inmyfifties?I’mgoingtobefiftyanyway.DoIreallywanttotravelaroundthe____28____inmysixties?I’mgoingtobesixtyanyway.Ihopeyouneverhearmesay,“I’mtoooldforthat.”____29____,Ihopeyouhearmesay,“I’mgoingtobeseventyanyway.”It’snevertoo____30____tostartsomethingnew,todoallthosethingsthatyou’vebeenwishingtodo.16.A.regret B.happiness C.role D.success17.A.week B.day C.hour D.minute18.A.lovely B.polite C.smart D.friendly19.A.Givingup B.Makingup C.Endingup D.Takingup20.A.ways B.reasons C.chances D.steps21.A.although B.because C.unless D.when22.A.reply B.accept C.forget D.guess23.A.simplest B.funniest C.strangest D.coldest24.A.happened B.decided C.helped D.failed25.A.smoothly B.patiently C.silently D.suddenly26.A.activity B.promise C.plan D.suggestion27.A.read B.write C.buy D.choose28.A.university B.city C.village D.world29.A.Finally B.Besides C.Instead D.Also30.A.dangerous B.poor C.late D.slow二、閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案。AKoalasarecuteandeasytorecognize,withfluffyearsandalarge,spoon-shapednose.They’repopularwithpeople.TheyusedtobecommonacrossAustralia,butthelast200yearshaven’tbeengoodforthem.Theirforestshavebeencutdownandburntinbushfires.Now,koalasareendangered,soit’snecessarytomakesureofkoalapopulationsbycounting(數(shù))themindifferentareas.Thisinformationcanbeusedtofindoutwherehelpismostneeded.Thenit’llbecomemucheasiertoprotectthemandtheirhomes.HOWTOCOUNTKOALASWecancountkoalasindifferentways,suchas:·walkingaroundandlookingfromtheground·sendingupdronestolookfromthesky·recordingkoalacalls·usingtraineddogs.HELPCOUNTKOALAS!YOUWILLNEED·Asmartphone·Walkingshoes,ahatandabackpack·Binoculars(望遠鏡).Safety:Askparentsbeforeyougointotheforest.Whenyouareoutdoors,remembertobesunsafewithahat.WHATTODOTOCOUNTKOALAS·FillinyourpersonalinformationinKoalaSpotter(anApp).·Goouttotheforestandsearchforkoalas.Lookupcarefullyinthetrees.·Reportanykoalasightingsintheapp.·Remembertorecordwhenyoudon’tseeakoala.31.Whyisitnecessarytocountkoalas?A.Becausepeoplelovethemsomuch.B.Becausetheyareeasytorecognize.C.BecausetheyarecommonacrossAustralia.D.Becausetheirpopulationinformationishelpful.32.Howmanywaysaretheretocountkoalas?A.2． B.3．C.4． D.5．33.WhichofthefollowingisNOTneededtocountkoalas?A.Ahat. B.Awatch.C.Asmartphone. D.Abackpack.34.Whatshouldbedonefirsttocountkoalas?A.Searchforkoalas. B.Goouttotheforest.C.Recordwhennotseeingakoala. D.Fillinpersonalinformation.35.Whoisthepassagemostprobablywrittenfor?A.Teenagers. B.Workers.C.Teachers. D.Keepers.BWhatyearwereyoubornin?Areyouadragon?Thatistosay,wereyoubornintheYearoftheDragon?Asweknow,theYearoftheDragonhasarrivedwithusforawhile,andeveryoneisexcitedabouttalkingaboutdragons.Manyofthemhavenoticedthatmoreandmorepeopleareusingtheword“l(fā)oong”insteadof“dragon”intheirdailylife.Actually,theloongsinChineseculture,believeitornot,arefardifferentfromthedragonsinWesternculture.First,let’stalkabouttheirorigins(起源).Loongsareconnectedtostarsandrain.Theyarebelievedtohavetodowiththepowerofemperorsinthepast.Dragons,however,arerelatedtofloodsanddangerouswatersunderground.Second,let’sdigintotheirstories.Loongsarelikemessengersbetweentheskyandtheearth.Theyhelpouttherulers,whobecomekingsbecauseofthem.Dragons,though,aretroublemakers.Theyfightwiththerulersandcanevenbeatthem!Butastimepasses,dragonslosetheirshineandheroesstartkillingthem.Third,let’slookatwhattheymean.Sinceloongsrepresent(代表)power,theyareseenasasymboloftheemperorandanimportantpartofceremoniesandtraditions.Dragons,though,arebadnews.Theyareasymbolofevil(惡),andbeatingthedragonsisseenasavictoryoverevil.Lastly,let’scheckouthowtheylook.Loongsarelikeamixofanimals,withheadslikecamelsandneckslikesnakes.Theydon’tneedwingstoflybecausetheyarealreadyskilledatit.Dragonsaremorelikesnakes,livingundergroundandcausingproblems.Theydon’thavewingseither,butpeopleaddthosetomakethemlookmoreimpressive.36.Whydoesthewriterstartthepassagebyaskingquestions?A.Tomakeareport. B.Todoasurvey.C.Tointroduceanormalyear. D.Tocatchreaders’interests.37.Whatareloongsconnectedwithaccordingtothepassage?A.Starsandthemoon. B.Thepowerofemperors.C.Troublemakersandevil. D.Dangerouswatersunderground.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph4referto?A.Rulers. B.Snakes. C.Heroes. D.Loongs.39.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Loongshavewings. B.Dragonsaregoodnews.C.Loongsareusedinceremonies. D.Dragons’headsarelikecamels.40.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theoriginsofdragonsandloongs. B.Themeaningsofdragonsandloongs.C.Thestoriesbetweendragonsandloongs. D.Thedifferencesbetweendragonsandloongs.CAnnaMaryRobertsonwasafamousAmericanpainter.ItisoftensaidthatAnnafirsttookuppaintingwhenshewasnearly80yearsold.Infact,whenshewasalittlegirl,shedrewwhenevershehadachance.Longbeforeshebecameknown,Annalivedalifefullofchallenges.Shealwayskeptbusywithfarmchores,housework,andchildren,butsheneverreallystoppedpursuing(追求)art.InAnna’slateage,shepicturedsomescenesinhermindbeforepainting.Shewouldclosehereyesandrecallahappytimefromherearlylife.Shewouldrememberhelpingherfatheronthefarm.Shewouldseethepeople,thefarmbuildings,andtheanimals.Shewouldimaginethebluemountainsandthesoftlyfallingsnow.Anna’sfriendsandfamilymemberslovedthepaintings.Shegavethemawayasgifts.Afriendhungseveralofthepaintingsinalocalstore.Onedayastrangercameintothestoreandboughteveryoneofherpaintings.HetookherpaintingstoNewYorkCityandshowedthemtosomeartcollectors.Oneofthesecollectors,Dr.Kallir,likedthepaintings.Hehungsomeoftheminhisgallery(畫廊).Thenewspaperdidastoryabouttheartshow.ThereportercalledAnna“GrandmaMoses.”Fromthenonalmosteveryonecalledherthatway.GrandmaMoseskeptonpainting.Herpaintingsgotbetter,andtheygotmorepopular.Inherlifetime,Mosescreatedabout1,500worksofart.Theywerecheerful,warmandfulloflife,justlikeGrandmaherself.Herpaintingsstillremainpopulartoday.“AsIlookbackonmylife,it’slikeagoodday’swork.ItwasdoneandIfeelsatisfiedwithit.Iknewnothingbetterthanpaintingandmadefulluseofwhatlifeoffered.Andlifeiswhatwemakeit,alwayshasbeen,alwayswillbe,”shesaid.41.WhendidAnnafirsttakeuppainting?A.Whenshewasalittlegirl.B.Whenshewasabout80yearsold.C.Whenshesawthebluemountains.D.Whenshehelpedherfatheronthefarm.42.AccordingtoParagraph3,what’sthemainthemeofAnna’spaintings?A.Farming. B.Animals.C.Countrylife. D.Familymembers.43.What’sthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?①Annawasknowntothepublic.②Anna’sfriendsreceivedherpaintingsasgifts.③AnartshowaboutAnna’spaintingswasreported.④AmanbroughtAnna’spaintingstoNewYorkCity.A.②④①③ B.②④③① C.①④②③ D.①④③②44.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeAnna?A.Honestandfriendly. B.Outgoingandindependent.C.Cleverandwell-educated. D.Creativeandhard-working.45.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthispassage?A.Languageandculture. B.Artandpeople.C.Natureandenvironment. D.Scienceandtechnology.DWeallwanttodothingswell.Forexample,asstudentsallofuswanttohaveagoodperformanceinstudyandgetgoodgrades.However,growingupalsoincludesacceptingwhenthingsgowrong.Infact,mistakescanleadtosomeofthemostinterestingandmeaningfulresults.Aimingforgoodresultscanhelpyoufocuson(關(guān)注)yourgoals,butit’salsoimportanttofocusonenjoyingtheprocess.Gettingtoohunguponwhetherthingsgoasplannedcanputalotofpressureonyouandleadtoworry.That’swhyit’sgoodtoleavesomeroomformistakesandimperfections.Dr.RekhaVaraisadoctorwhohelpspeoplewiththeirmentalhealth(心理健康).Shesaysgettingthingswrongispartofgrowingup.“Wealsohavetoexperiencetheuncomfortablefeelingwhenwegetthingswrong.Thishelpsustobecomestronger,”saysDr.Vara.“Orwe’llbetooscaredtomakemistakes.Thisfearcanleadustoputoffdoingdifficultthingsoravoidtryingnewthings.”Learningfromyourmistakesisnecessaryduringgrowingup.Themostimportantthingiswhatyouchoosetodonext.Trynottotakeittooseriously,blame(責備)yourselforfeeltoodisappointedorupset.Dr.Varaexplains,“Rememberyou’reacommonman.Humansmakemistakes.”______,thenthesefeelingswillsoonpassandthenyou’llfeelhappier.Instead,thinkingaboutwhatyoumightdodifferentlynexttimehelpsalot.Inonestudy,ifstudentswereremindedtoforgive(寬恕)andbekindtothemselveswhentheyfailedatest,theyfeltmoreencouragedtotryagain,whileotherstudentswerelesspleasedtohaveasecondtry.46.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2probablymean?A.執(zhí)迷 B.懊悔 C.遺憾 D.忽略47.WhichofthefollowingwouldDr.Varaagreewith?A.Fearleadsustotrynewthings.B.Failureisnormalingrowingup.C.Goodresultsmakeusstronger.D.Peoplehardlyevergetthingswrong.48.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin“______”inParagraph4?A.Everyonewillgrowup B.ProcessisreallyimportantC.Youshouldenjoyyourfeelings D.Youmightfeeluncomfortableatfirst49.HowdoesthewritersupporthisideainthelastParagraph?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bylistingnumbers. D.Bydescribingaproblem.50.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Sticktoyourgoals B.AvoidmakingmistakesC.Imperfectioncanbeagift D.Pressureisthekeytosuccess第二部分（非選擇題共50分）注意事項：第二部分共2頁，用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆答在答題卡上，不能答在試卷上。三、完成對話（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，在每個空缺處填入一個適當?shù)脑~，使整段對話意思完整。（每空限填一詞）A:Bob,doyoulikeplayingsports?B:OfcourseIdo.Sportsaregood____51____ourhealth.A:Whatsportsdoyoulikebest?B:Ilikebasketball.A:How____52____doyouplaybasketball?B:Aboutthreetimesaweek.AndIalsolikewatchingbasketballgamesonTV.A:Whoisyour____53____basketballplayer?B:YaoMing.A:Couldyou____54____mesomethingabouthim?B:Sure.Heisafamousbasketballplayer.AndIwanttobeastarlikehim.Howaboutyou?A:Ilikescience,soIhopetobea____55____justlikeDengJiaxian.B:That’scool.Ihopeourdreamswillcometrue!四、短文填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）通讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后選出可以填入短文空格處的詞，并將該詞的字母代號（不寫出該詞）填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。A．becomeB．butC．ofD．effortE．challengesF．expensiveG．themH．crossI．enoughJ．safelyImaginelivinginaworldyoucan’tseetheobstacles(障礙)inyourway,thetrafficlightsatacrossing,orthefacesofpeoplearoundyou.Formillions____56____theblind,thisisadailyreality(現(xiàn)實).Traditionalguidedogshaveprovidednecessarysupportfortheblind,helpingthemmove____57____.However,trainingatraditionalguidedogisunbelievably____58____andtakestonsoftime.Itmeansthatthenumberofguidedogsissmallerthanthatofblindpeople.Luckily,goodnewscomes!ThankstoresearchersfromNorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity(西北工業(yè)大學(xué))inChina,AIguidedogsmaysoon____59____availabletothem.Theyachievedabreakthrough(突破)usinganAIlanguagemodel.TheresearchersaredevelopinganAIguidedogthatcanhelpblindpeople____60____streets,useliftsandwalkaroundindoorswithouthavingtobeconnectedtotheInternet.“Inrecentyears,therehavebeensomeelectronicguidedogs,____61____theycannothaveconversationswithpeopleorfullyunderstandhumaninstructions,”saidSunZhe,ateacherattheuniversity.“Theycanonlycarryouttasksaccordingtopre-designedprograms.Theyarejustcoldmachines.That’snot____62____.”“Ourresearchmakesitpossiblefortheblindtogetbetterguidanceserviceandbelesslonely.Blindpeoplefacemany____63____indailylife.AIguidedogscanoffer____64____amoreconvenientandsaferlife.”Sunadded.Accordingtotheresearchteam,therearestillsomewaystogobeforetheguidedogcanbeputintouse,andtheywillputmore____65____intoitandmakeitavailabletopeopleinneedassoonaspossible.五、閱讀短文并回答問題（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答文后所給出的問題，并按要求將答案填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。Becauseofhisexcellentperformance,HaoYongquan,58,waschosenasGansu’smostbeautifulforestranger(護林員)inDecember,2023.Haohasbeenaforestrangerfor37yearssincehestoppedservinginthearmyin1987.HeandhisworkmatesatGuanyinForestFarmarecalledthe“forestseyes”and“greenguardians”.“Dailyworkusuallystartswithpatrolling(巡邏).Everymorning,wecarrynecessaryequipmentafterhavingbreakfastandthensetofftoforestswithdryfoodandwaterbottles,patrollinguntilitgetsdark,”Haosaid.Rangershavebeenlivinginthemountainsandforestsforyears,gettingusedtodifficultiesandloneliness.Theyalwaysgooutearlyandreturnatsunsetduringthewholeyear,andtheirdutyistoprotectgreenmountainsandclearwaters.Aforestrangeroftenhastowalkmorethan12kilometersaday,andapairofshoeswearsoutintwotothreemonths,accordingtoHao.HaoYongquanworksatLiupingForestManagementOffice.Itmanages10,511.6hectares(公頃).“Becauseofpoorroadconditions,ifrangersgotothefarthestvillagesforpatrols,theyhavetowalk30to40kilometersonmountainroads,climbfourmountains,andcrossmorethan10rivers,”Haosaid.“Andeachpatroltakesthreetofourdays.”WhenHaoreturnsfromhispatroleveryday,hewritesdowntheresultsinthepatroldiary,recordinghisloveformountainsandforests.“Theenvironmentisimprovingdaybyday,andthatmakesmefeelmyworkisworthit,”hesaid.66.WhenwasHaoYongquanchosenasGansu’smostbeautifulforestranger?___________________________________________________________________________________________67.WhatareHaoYongquanandhisworkmatescalled?___________________________________________________________________________________________68.Whatisthedutyoftheforestrangers?___________________________________________________________________________________________69.Howmanydaysdoesthefarthestvillagepatroltake?___________________________________________________________________________________________70.WhydoesHaoYongquanfeelhisworkisworthit?___________________________________________________________________________________________六、書面表達（共1題，滿分25分）71.時光如梭，三年轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝。假如你是李華，請你代表全班同學(xué)給你的英語老師Mr.Wu寫一封英語邀請函，請他參加畢業(yè)晚會。要點提示：1．發(fā)出邀請；2．時間和地點；3．晚會安排：分享回憶；談?wù)摾硐?；感謝恩師和同窗；……（除前三項外，至少補充一項活動）。要求：1．要點提示均須涉及，可適當增加內(nèi)容；2．文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名、校名、地名；3．語句通順，語意連貫，書寫規(guī)范，卷面整潔；4．詞數(shù)100左右，首句已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。參考詞語：memory,activity,friendshipDearMr.Wu,Wearegoingtohaveagraduationparty.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案一、基礎(chǔ)知識運用（共兩節(jié)；滿分30分）第一節(jié)單項選擇1.【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——謝謝你昨天把傘借給我?！液軜芬膺@樣做?？疾榍榫敖浑H。Takeiteasy別緊張；Welldone做得好；It’suptoyou由你決定；Mypleasure我很樂意這樣做。上文“Thankyoufor…”表示感謝，下文回應(yīng)“我很樂意幫忙”符合語境。故選D。2.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：直到你長大，你才會真正理解父母之愛有多偉大?？疾檫B詞辨析。until直到；if如果；since既然；as隨著。根據(jù)“Youwillnevertrulyunderstandyourparents’greatlove…yougrowup”可知，直到長大才會理解父母的愛，故選A。3.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：當你穿上馬面裙時，你會感受到中國傳統(tǒng)服飾的美?？疾閯釉~短語。turnon打開；geton上車；puton穿上；dependon依靠。根據(jù)“Mamianqun(horse-faceskirt)”可知，此處指“穿上”馬面裙。故選C。4.【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：為了保持健康，我們學(xué)生每天在學(xué)?？偸亲鲈绮??？疾榉侵^語動詞。分析句子可知，學(xué)生們在學(xué)校做早操的目的是為了保持健康，此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故選B。5.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——你能教我如何提高英語口語嗎？——你練習(xí)得越多，口語就越好?？疾楸容^級。worse更差的；worst最差的；better更好的；best最好的。練習(xí)得越多，英語口語就會越好。此處是“The+比較級,the+比較級”句式，意為“越……，就越……”。故選C。6.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——Rebecca，你決定這個星期六做什么了嗎？——還沒有。我可能會在敬老院做志愿者?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞辨析。may可能；must一定；should應(yīng)該；would將。根據(jù)“Notyet”及“volunteerattheoldpeople’shome”可知，還沒有做決定，在敬老院做志愿者只是一種可能性，故選A。7.【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——生命中最美好的東西都是免費的?！耆??？諝獠换ㄥX，但我們離不開它?？疾榇~辨析。something某事物；nothing沒有什么；anything任何事物；everything每件事物。根據(jù)“Thebestthingsinlifearefree.”和“Aircosts...,butwecan’tlivewithoutit.”可知，空氣不花錢，是免費的，故選B。8.【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——湯姆，連接瀘州和重慶的高速鐵路有望在今年建成?！袅?！我很期待！考查動詞時態(tài)及被動語態(tài)。主語thehigh-speedrailway與動詞complete之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，高鐵被建成，應(yīng)為被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“thisyearhopefully”及“I’mlookingforwardtoit!”可知，高鐵建成發(fā)生在將來，故此處是一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。故選D。9.【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——嗨，伊森。我昨晚8點給你打電話，但你沒有接?！?，我當時正在洗碗?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)“at8:00lastnight”可知，此處指昨晚8點打電話時伊森正在洗碗，過去某一時間點正在做某事，應(yīng)用過去進行時。故選D。10.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：真正的朋友是一個永遠會與你分享歡笑和淚水的人?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。what什么，不引導(dǎo)定語從句；which哪一個，先行詞指物；who誰，先行詞指人，在從句中作主語或賓語；whom誰，先行詞指人，在從句中作賓語。分析句子可知，此處是含定語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞aperson指人，且連接詞在從句中作主語，故用who引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選C。第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）A【答案】11.B12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了指南針的發(fā)明、作用以及對世界的影響?！?1題詳解】句意：經(jīng)過不斷改進，宋初發(fā)明了帶小磁針的圓形羅盤。in在……里面；with和，具有；of……的；at在。根據(jù)“aroundcompass…atinymagnetizedneedle”可知，此處指一種帶有小磁針的羅盤，應(yīng)用介詞with表“帶有，具有”。故選B。【12題詳解】句意：然后在北宋(960-1127)期間傳入歐洲。borrowed借入；pushed推；returned返回；introduced引進。根據(jù)“Thenitwas…toEuropeduringtheNorthernSong”可知，此處指上文提到的羅盤被引進到歐洲。故選D?！?3題詳解】句意：在指南針發(fā)明之前，人們依靠辨別太陽、月亮和北極星的位置來判斷方向。positions位置；numbers數(shù)字；sizes尺寸；colors顏色。根據(jù)“peopledependedonreadingthe…ofthesun,themoon,andpolestarstotelldirections”及常識可知，人們通過觀察太陽、月亮和北極星的位置判別方向。故選A?！?4題詳解】句意：然而，在惡劣的天氣里旅行很困難。lonely孤獨的；difficult困難的；tiring勞累的；meaningless無意義的。根據(jù)“However,travellingwas…inbadweather.”可知，沒有指南針，人們在惡劣的天氣中出行困難。故選B?！?5題詳解】句意：指南針極大地促進了國與國之間的貿(mào)易和交流。controlled控制；checked檢查；improved改善；recorded記錄。根據(jù)“Theinventionofthecompasshasastronginfluenceontheworld.Thecompasshugely…thetradeandcommunicationbetweencountries.”可知，指南針的發(fā)明對世界產(chǎn)生了重大影響，促進了國家之間的貿(mào)易交流。故選C。B【答案】16.A17.D18.C19.A20.B21.D22.C23.A24.B25.A26.D27.B28.D29.C30.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文作者從朋友的一個問題引出自己對人生憾事的思考，從而開始關(guān)注自我，著眼當下，并落實行動。文章告訴我們要勇敢追求和實現(xiàn)自己的人生理想?！?6題詳解】句意：在我快30歲的時候，一個朋友讓我分享我生命中最大的遺憾。regret遺憾；happiness幸福；role角色；success成功。根據(jù)下文“Imostregrettednotcompletingcollege”可知，朋友詢問作者生命中最大的憾事是什么。故選A?！?7題詳解】句意：我只用了一分鐘就說出了我最后悔沒有完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)。week周；day天；hour小時；minute分鐘。根據(jù)“only”可知，作者只用了一分鐘就說出了自己最大的憾事，強調(diào)時間非常短。故選D?！?8題詳解】句意：我解釋說，我在學(xué)校被認為很聰明，成績很好，有很大的夢想。lovely可愛的；polite有禮貌的；smart聰明的；friendly友好的。根據(jù)下文“gotgreatgrades”可知，作者成績優(yōu)異，在學(xué)校是聰明的。故選C。【19題詳解】句意：放棄完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)，我覺得我不僅讓自己失望，也讓所有相信我的人失望。Givingup放棄；Makingup編造；Endingup結(jié)束；Takingup占據(jù)。根據(jù)“IfeltlikeIwasnotonlylettingmyselfdown,butalsoeveryonewhobelievedinme.”可知，作者覺得讓自己和周圍人失望，可知作者放棄了大學(xué)的學(xué)業(yè)。故選A?！?0題詳解】句意：但我有一個上小學(xué)的兒子，工作很忙，家里還有很多其他的責任，我有一百萬個理由。ways方式；reasons理由；chances機會；steps步驟。根據(jù)上文“Butwithasoninprimaryschool,abusyjob,andlotsofotherresponsibilitiesathome”可知，有一個上小學(xué)的兒子，工作很忙等都是作者認為自己不能繼續(xù)學(xué)業(yè)的理由。故選B?！?1題詳解】句意：如果我回去，我畢業(yè)時就三十二歲了。although盡管；because因為；unless除非；when當……時。根據(jù)“Iwouldbethirty-two…Igraduated”可知，此處指當作者畢業(yè)時就32歲了，用when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。故選D?！?2題詳解】句意：我聽到的是一句我永遠不會忘記的話：“無論如何，你都要三十二歲了?！眗eply回答；accept接受；forget忘記；guess猜測。根據(jù)下文“AndIhavereviewedthis…manytimes.”可知，作者永遠不會忘記朋友的這句話，在以后的時光中經(jīng)?；叵肫疬@句話。故選C?！?3題詳解】句意：現(xiàn)在回想起來，我覺得這是我收到的最簡單、最明智的建議。simplest最簡單的；funniest最有趣的；strangest最奇怪的；coldest最冷的。根據(jù)上文“You’regoingtobethirty-twoanyway(無論如何).”可知，朋友說，不管怎樣你都要32歲，這句話最簡單，最富有智慧，激勵了作者追求夢想。故選A?！?4題詳解】句意：所以我決定繼續(xù)我的學(xué)習(xí)。happened發(fā)生；decided決定；helped幫助；failed失敗。根據(jù)下文“Igraduatedfromuniversity”可知，作者決定繼續(xù)學(xué)業(yè)。故選B?！?5題詳解】句意：我順利地從大學(xué)畢業(yè)，并為自己感到自豪。smoothly順利地；patiently耐心地；silently沉默地；suddenly突然。根據(jù)“Igraduatedfromuniversity…andfeltproudofmyself.”可知，此處指作者順利得完成了大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)，并為自己感到自豪。故選A?！?6題詳解】句意：我已經(jīng)多次回顧了這一建議。activity活動；promise承諾；plan計劃；suggestion建議。根據(jù)“Lookingback,Ifeelit’sthe…andwisestadviceIhaveeverreceived.”及“AndIhavereviewedthis…manytimes.”可知，此處指作者多次回想起上文中朋友給出的建議。故選D?！?7題詳解】句意：我真的想在四十多歲的時候?qū)懳业牡谝槐緯鴨?？read閱讀；write寫；buy買；choose選擇。根據(jù)“DoIreallywantto…myfirstbookinmyforties?”可知，在四十多歲時，作者的夢想是“寫”書，其他三項不符合情景。故選B?！?8題詳解】句意：我真的想在六十多歲的時候環(huán)游世界嗎？university大學(xué)；city城市；village鄉(xiāng)村；world世界。根據(jù)“DoIreallywanttotravelaroundthe…inmysixties?”可知，作者在六十多歲時的夢想是環(huán)游世界，其他三項不符合情景。故選D?！?9題詳解】句意：相反，我希望你聽到我說：“反正我也要70歲了?！?Finally最終；Besides此外；Instead相反；Also也。根據(jù)上下文可知，作者不希望他人聽到自己說出“我太老了”這句話，相反，作者希望自己說“反正我也要70歲了”。故選C?！?0題詳解】句意：開始新事物永遠不會太晚，去做那些你一直想做的事情。dangerous危險的；poor可憐的；late晚的；slow慢的。根據(jù)“It’snevertoo…tostartsomethingnew”及作者的經(jīng)歷可知，文章告訴我們不要囿于年紀，任何時候嘗試新的事物都不會晚。故選C。二、閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）A【答案】31.D32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了深受人們歡迎的考拉處于危險之中，因此需要統(tǒng)計不同地區(qū)的考拉數(shù)量來確?？祭陌踩?。文章介紹了如何數(shù)考拉的方法。【31題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thisinformationcanbeusedtofindoutwherehelpismostneeded.Thenit’llbecomemucheasiertoprotectthemandtheirhomes.”可知，統(tǒng)計不同地區(qū)的考拉的數(shù)量有助于幫助人們更好地保護考拉。故選D?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wecancountkoalasindifferentways,suchas:·walkingaroundandlookingfromtheground·sendingupdronestolookfromthesky·recordingkoalacalls·usingtraineddogs.”可知，文章介紹了四種統(tǒng)計考拉數(shù)量的方法。故選C?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“·Asmartphone·Walkingshoes,ahatandabackpac·Binoculars”可知，需要智能手機、帽子、背包及望遠鏡，文章未提到“手表”。故選B?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WHATTODOTOCOUNTKOALAS·FillinyourpersonalinformationinKoalaSpotter(anApp).”可知，統(tǒng)計考拉數(shù)量需要先填寫個人信息。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Safety:Askparentsbeforeyougointotheforest.”可知，進入森林前需要先詢問父母，故文章是寫給青少年的。故選A。B【答案】36.D37.B38.A39.C40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹中國文化中的龍與西方文化中的龍的起源和故事?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Whatyearwereyoubornin?Areyouadragon?Thatistosay,wereyoubornintheYearoftheDragon?”可知，作者用幾個問題開始文章，是為了吸引讀者的注意，故選D?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Loongsareconnectedtostarsandrain.Theyarebelievedtohavetodowiththepowerofemperorsinthepast.”可知，Loongs與星星和雨相連，它們被認為與過去皇帝的權(quán)力有關(guān)。故選B?！?8題詳解】代詞指代題。根據(jù)“Dragons,though,aretroublemakers.Theyfightwiththerulersandcanevenbeatthem!”可知，Dragons是麻煩制造者，它們與統(tǒng)治者斗爭，甚至可以打敗他們！此處them指的是“統(tǒng)治者”，故選A?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sinceloongsrepresent(代表)power,theyareseenasasymboloftheemperorandanimportantpartofceremoniesandtraditions.”可知，由于loongs代表著權(quán)力，它們被視為皇帝的象征，也是儀式和傳統(tǒng)的重要組成部分。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Actually,theloongsinChineseculture,believeitornot,arefardifferentfromthedragonsinWesternculture.”可知，本文主要介紹中國文化中的龍與西方文化中的龍的區(qū)別。故選D。C【答案】41.A42.C43.B44.D45.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了美國著名畫家“摩西”奶奶的人生經(jīng)歷及成就?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Infact,whenshewasalittlegirl,shedrewwhenevershehadachance.”可知