安徽省合肥市合肥第一中學(xué)高三最后一卷（三模）英語(yǔ)試題

合肥一中2024屆高三最后一卷英語(yǔ)試題(考試時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：150分)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，務(wù)必在答題卡和答題卷規(guī)定的地方填寫(xiě)自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)和座位號(hào)后兩位。2.答題時(shí)，每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。3、答題時(shí)，必須使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卷上書(shū)寫(xiě)，要求字體工整、筆跡清晰。作圖題可先用鉛筆在答題卷規(guī)定的位置繪出，確認(rèn)后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水簽字筆描清楚。必須在題號(hào)所指示的答題區(qū)域作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上答題無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束，務(wù)必將答題卡和答題卷一并上交。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Howdoesthewomanchecktheweather?A.Sheusesherphone.B.Shelistenstotheradio.C.Shewatchestelevision.2.Whydoesthemanprefertogobycar?A.Itisfast.B.Itischeap.C.Itisconvenient.3.HowmuchshouldthemanpayfortheTshirt?A.$30.B.$45.C.$60.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.George’sworks.B.George’sapplication.C.George’slistofsamples.5.Whydidtheboyebackearly?A.Hewashungry.B.Theclassfinishedearly.C.Hehadastomachache.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdothespeakersthinkofMr.Scott’sidea?A.It’sreasonable.B.Itcostsmuchmoney.C.Ittakestimeandeffort.7.Whatactivitywillthespeakersorganizeprobably?A.Aconcert.B.Aquiz.C.Acakesale.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whendoesthemanwanttocheckout?A.Tomorrow.B.In2days.C.In3days.9Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Changetheroom.B.Cancelthereservation.C.Jointhetourgroups.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoestheman,thinkofselfhelpbooks?A.They’redramatic.B.They’reunappealing.C.They’repractical.11.Whatisthebookabout?A.Campuslife.B.Technicaladvance.C.Personalexperience.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipofthetwospeakers?A.Classmates.B.Colleagues.C.Neighbors.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman?A.Anathlete.B.Ahostess.C.Acoach.14.WhoinfluencedBradtostarthorseriding?A.Hisbrother.B.Hissister.C.Hisfriends.15HowhasBradbenefitedfromhorseriding?A.Heisfitter.B.Heishappier.C.Heismorepatient.16.WhatwillBradprobablychoosetodowhenhegetsolder?A.Teachchildren.B.Trainhorses.C.Takepartinmoreraces.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whichisthemostpopularamongvisitors?A.The19thcenturypaintings.B.ThesculpturegalleryC.The20thand21stcenturypaintings.18.Whatdoweknowaboutthemuseum?A.Itstartedbyordinarypeople’sdiscovery.B.Itwasopenedinthemiddleofthe19thcentury.C.Finesculpturesareondisplaynow.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthecollectionofcoins?A.Itisaspecialpartinthemuseum.B.Ithascoinsmade2,000yearsago.C.Ithascoinsfromallovertheworld.20.Whatwillthespeakerprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Themuseum’srepairwork.B.Themuseum’slonghistory.C.Themuseum’spublicfacilities.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACHINATOWNWALKINGGUIDEACulturalFeastGetaquickinsightintoitscultureandheritagereligionandcuisinedelightsatChinatownHeritageCentre,THKTemple(oneofthenation’soldesttemples)andChinatownFoodStreet.ThenpickupsomegreatethnicsouvenirsatPagodaStreet.LifeinChinatownAsthedescendantsofthenation’searlyimmigrants,today’sChinesestillkeepmanyofthetraditionsandpracticesoftheirancestors.Auniqueblendofoldandnewawaitsyouatoneofthenation’soldestethnicsettlements.Againstabackgroundoftoweringskyscrapers,you’llseerowsofcarefullypreservedhistoricshophousesfromdecadesoldfamilyrunbusinessesandfamilyassociations,toCDstores,spasandhightechpanies.SouvenirsofChinatownLacquerware,woodcraftsandmasksChinesesilk,calligraphyandsealcarvingsTheRoutesChinatownextendsoverafairlylargearea,andso,amainroutehasbeenplannedtohelpyoucapturethesoulofChinatown,whileanextensionofferamoreindepthperspective.PLACESOFINTERESTMainRoute1.Themajestic2.ChinatownStreetMarkets3.ChinatownHeritageCentre4.SMTemple5.Chinatownplex,MarketandFoodCentre6.TPark7.TeaChapterExtension1.ChineseWeeklyEntertainmentClub2.FTCMuseumBestTimeofWeektogoWeekdays—setoutearlyaround10a.m.orlaterintheafternoon,whenit’scooler.Manyplacesofinterestclosefrom5p.m.,sodon’tsetofftoolate.DressCodeMostplacesofworshiprequiremodestdressing.Womenareadvisedtowearlongskirtsortrousersandtopswithsleeves1.Touristscanenjoycuisinedelightsandshoppingat______.A.TeachapterandfamilyassociationB.TParkandfamilyrunbusinessesCChinatownFoodStreetandPagodaStreetD.ChinatownStreetMarketsandPagodaStreet2.Fromthewalkingguide,anexampleof“auniqueblendofoldandnew”is_______.A.CDstoresandskyscrapersB.skyscrapersandshophousesC.templesandfamilyassociationsD.spasandhightechpanies3.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtotheadvertisement?A.Chinatownisidealforvisits24hoursaday.B.Womenforplacesofworshipareadvisedtowearshortsandlongsleevedblouse.C.AlocalmuseumcanbevisitedalongtheMainRoute.D.“Aculturalfeast”referstosightsandfoodofdifferentethnicgroupsinChinatown.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要為游客提供了一個(gè)全面的唐人街步行指南，幫助游客更好地了解和體驗(yàn)唐人街的文化、生活和景點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ACulturalFeast部分中第一段“GetaquickinsightintoitscultureandheritagereligionandcuisinedelightsatChinatownHeritageCentre,THKTemple(oneofthenation’soldesttemples)andChinatownFoodStreet.ThenpickupsomegreatethnicsouvenirsatPagodaStreet.(在唐人街文化遺產(chǎn)中心、THKTemple（全國(guó)最古老的寺廟之一）和唐人街美食街，快速了解它的文化和傳統(tǒng)宗教和美食。然后在寶塔街買(mǎi)一些很棒的民族紀(jì)念品。)”可知，游客可以在唐人街美食街和寶塔街享受美食和購(gòu)物。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ACulturalFeast部分中第三段“Againstabackgroundoftoweringskyscrapers,you’llseerowsofcarefullypreservedhistoricshophousesfromdecadesoldfamilyrunbusinessesandfamilyassociations,toCDstores,spasandhightechpanies.(在高聳的摩天大樓的背景下，你會(huì)看到一排排保存完好的有歷史意義的店鋪，從擁有幾十年歷史的家族企業(yè)和家族協(xié)會(huì)，到CD店、水療中心和高科技公司。)”可知，從步行指南中，一個(gè)“獨(dú)特的新舊融合”的例子是摩天大樓和（有歷史意義的）商店。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ACulturalFeast部分第一段“GetaquickinsightintoitscultureandheritagereligionandcuisinedelightsatChinatownHeritageCentre,THKTemple(oneofthenation’soldesttemples)andChinatownFoodStreet.ThenpickupsomegreatethnicsouvenirsatPagodaStreet.(在唐人街文化遺產(chǎn)中心、THKTemple(全國(guó)最古老的寺廟之一)和唐人街美食街，快速了解它的文化和傳統(tǒng)宗教和美食。然后在寶塔街買(mǎi)一些很棒的民族紀(jì)念品。)”可知，“文化盛宴”指的是唐人街不同民族的景點(diǎn)和食物，D項(xiàng)正確。故選D。BAtthebeginningofgraduateschool,IknewthatifIwantedtogettenure(長(zhǎng)期聘用),Ihadtobeproductive.However,whenmyfirstthreepaperswererejectedbymajorjournals,aleadingexperttoldmemyprojectswerehopeless,andIwonderedifIshoulddropout.Weallgetrejectedatwork,whetherit’shavingoursuggestionsshotdownorgettingfiredfromajob.Itcausespain.Neuroscientists(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家)havescannedthebrainsofpeoplewhohavecruellybeenexcludedfromanonlinegame.Thephysiological(生理學(xué)的)responselooksfairlysimilartoprocessingphysicalpain.Apparently,thiswasadaptiveinourevolutionarypast.Ifrejectiondidn’thurt,youmighthavebeenperfectlyfortableleavingyourtribe,whichwouldnotbegoodforyoursurvival.Butit’sleftusnervousandlikelytooverreacttoeverydayrejections.Ifyou’veevergivenapresentationandfeltupsetbytheoneunfriendlyfaceinaroomfullofsmiles,youknowwhatImean.That’sthebadnews.Thegoodnewsisthatwecanlearntoacceptrejectioncalmly.“Whenyou’reinsecureinone,yourelyontheotheronethat’sdoingbetteratthattime.Pliability(柔韌性)isthedefinitionofstrength,”saidfilmmakerM.NightShyamalan.Whenmyworkgotrejectedearlyinmyacademiccareer,pliabilitybecamemysourceofstrength.Myidentityasaresearcherwasunderthreat,butthatwasn’twhathaddrawnmetograduateschoolinthefirstplace.Ihadanother,strongeridentity:Iwantedtobeateacher.However,Ihadn’thadthechance:Thefirsttwoyearsofmyprogramweresupposedtofocusentirelyonresearch.IrealizedthatifIwantedtobouncebackfromtheresearchrejections,Ihadtofindawaytoteach.Iconvincedanadvisertosignoffonindependentstudyprojectsforagroupofstudents,andIstartedmeetingwiththemweeklytoteachmyownlittleclass.Theconversationswiththestudentsgaverisetomyfirsttwomajorpapers,whichgavemeaheadstarttowardtenure.4.Whatwastheauthor’sreactiontotheleadingexpert’swords?A.Hetookhisadvice. B.Hefeltdiscouraged.C.Hepaidnoattention. D.Heconsultedanotherexpert.5.Whathaveneuroscientistsfoundout?A.Rejectionreallyhurts.B.Rejectionisimportanttosurvival.C.Peopletendtooverreacttorejection.D.Physicalpaingrowsbecauseofrejection.6.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodowhenfacingrejection?A.Findoutthereasonsbehindit.B.Forgivethosewhorejectus.C.Turntoourstrongeridentity.D.Learnalessonfrompastfailures.7.Whathappenedtotheauthoratlast?A.Heleftgraduateschool.B.Heturnedintoamiddleschoolteacher.C.Heworkedonpracticinghisphysicalpliability.D.Heacplishedsomeresearchworksuccessfully.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議，主要討論的是個(gè)人在面對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)和職業(yè)上的拒絕時(shí)如何調(diào)整心態(tài)和尋找新的機(jī)會(huì)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,whenmyfirstthreepaperswererejectedbymajorjournals,aleadingexperttoldmemyprojectswerehopeless,andIwonderedifIshoulddropout.(然而，當(dāng)我的前三篇論文被主要期刊拒絕時(shí)，一位權(quán)威專(zhuān)家告訴我，我的項(xiàng)目沒(méi)有希望了，我想知道我是否應(yīng)該退學(xué)。)”可知，作者對(duì)權(quán)威專(zhuān)家的話的反應(yīng)是感到灰心喪氣。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Neuroscientists(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家)havescannedthebrainsofpeoplewhohavecruellybeenexcludedfromanonlinegame.Thephysiological(生理學(xué)的)responselooksfairlysimilartoprocessingphysicalpain.(神經(jīng)科學(xué)家掃描了被殘忍地排除在網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲之外的人的大腦。生理反應(yīng)看起來(lái)與處理生理疼痛非常相似。)”可知，神經(jīng)學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了拒絕真的讓人感到疼痛。故選A。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whenmyworkgotrejectedearlyinmyacademiccareer,pliabilitybecamemysourceofstrength.Myidentityasaresearcherwasunderthreat,butthatwasn’twhathaddrawnmetograduateschoolinthefirstplace.Ihadanother,strongeridentity:Iwantedtobeateacher.(在我的學(xué)術(shù)生涯早期，當(dāng)我的作品被拒絕時(shí)，柔韌性成了我力量的源泉。我作為一名研究員的身份受到了威脅，但這并不是吸引我進(jìn)入研究生院的首要原因。我有另一個(gè)更強(qiáng)烈的身份：我想成為一名教師。)”可知，面對(duì)拒絕，作者建議我們轉(zhuǎn)向我們更強(qiáng)大的身份。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theconversationswiththestudentsgaverisetomyfirsttwomajorpapers,whichgavemeaheadstarttowardtenure.(與學(xué)生們的對(duì)話促成了我最初的兩篇主要論文，這使我在獲得終身教職方面有了一個(gè)良好的開(kāi)端。)”可知，作者最后成功地完成了一些研究工作。故選D。CFromstudentstoexecutives,intelligenceisshowntobeakeyfactorinbetterleadership,asitisvitalfornavigatingthroughplexsituationslikemarketchangesandlegalobstacles.ButnewresearchonleadershipsuggeststhathavingahigherIQcanbeviewedasharmful.Paststudiesindicatethatgroupsledbysmarterindividualstendtoperformbetterobjectively,yetsomeresearchsuggestsfollowersperceiveextremelyintelligentleadersaslesseffective.DeanSimontonfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,proposedthatsuchleaders’plexideasmightbedifficultforpeopletograsp,theirsolutionshardertocarryout,andfollowersmightfindithardertorelatetothem.Recently,Simontonandhisteamputthistheorytothetest.Theresearcherslookedat379maleandfemalebusinessleaders,acrossfieldsthatincludedbanking,retail(零售)andtechnology.ThemanagerstookIQtests,andeachwasratedonleadershipstyleandeffectivenessbyanaverageofeightcoworkers.IQpositivelycorrelatedwithratingsofleadereffectiveness,strategyformation,visionandseveralothercharacteristics—uptoapoint.TheratingspeakedatanIQofaround120,whichishigherthan8percentofofficeworkers.Beyondthattheratingsdeclined.Theresearcherssuggestthe“ideal”IQcouldbehigherorlowerinvariousfields,dependingonwhethertechnicalversussocialskillsaremorevaluedinagivenworkculture.“It’saninterestingandthoughtfulpaper,”saysPaulSackett,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesota.“Tome,therightinterpretationoftheworkwouldbethatithighlightsaneedtounderstandwhathighIQleadersdothatleadstoloweropinionsbyfollowers.Thewronginterpretationwouldbe,‘Don’thirehighIQleaders.”Thestudy’sleadauthor,JohnAntonakis,apsychologistattheUniversityofLausanne,suggestsleadersshouldusetheirintelligencetogeneratecreativemetaphors(隱喻)thatwillpersuadeandinspireothers—thewayformerU.S.PresidentObamadid.“Ithinktheonlywayasmartpersoncansignaltheirintelligenceappropriatelyandstillconnectwiththepeople,”Antonakissays,“istospeakinappealingways.”8.WhyaresomehighIQleadersregardedaslesseffective?A.Followersassessthemirresponsibly.B.Followerslackunderstandingpower.C.Theyfailtoexpressthemselvesproperly.D.Theyperformbetterbyobjectivemeasures.9.WhatdoestheIQtestsindicate?A.IQisn’trelatedtoleadereffectiveness.B.IQtestsareuselessandimperfect.C.IOisrelatedtopeople’ssocialstatus.D.IQcanbeaffectedbycertainfactors.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatPaulSackettsays?A.HighIQleaderscan’tbeemployed.B.Hewasnotinvolvedintheresearch.C.Theresearchcanbeinterpreteddifferently.D.Theresearchisinterestingandaccurate.11.The“Obama”exampleinthelastparagraphillustrates______.A.howtobeahighIQleaderinthefutureB.howtomunicatewithpeopleeffectivelyC.whatistheappealingwaytospeaktovotersD.whatisthebestwaytogeneratecreativemetaphors【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和智商之間的復(fù)雜關(guān)系，特別是高智商在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力中的優(yōu)勢(shì)和潛在的挑戰(zhàn)，以及領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)如何平衡智商和社交技能來(lái)有效地領(lǐng)導(dǎo)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“DeanSimontonfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,proposedthatsuchleaders’plexideasmightbedifficultforpeopletograsp,theirsolutionshardertocarryout,andfollowersmightfindithardertorelatetothem.Recently,Simontonandhisteamputthistheorytothetest.(加州大學(xué)的DeanSimonton提出，這些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的復(fù)雜想法可能很難讓人們理解，他們的解決方案更難實(shí)施，而追隨者可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更難與他們建立聯(lián)系)”可知，一些高智商的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者被認(rèn)為效率較低是因?yàn)樗麄儾荒芮‘?dāng)?shù)乇磉_(dá)自己。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“IQpositivelycorrelatedwithratingsofleadereffectiveness,strategyformation,visionandseveralothercharacteristics—uptoapoint.(在一定程度上，智商與領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者效能、戰(zhàn)略形成、愿景和其他幾個(gè)特征的評(píng)分呈正相關(guān))”可知，智商測(cè)試表明智商會(huì)受到某些因素的影響。故選D。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Tome,therightinterpretationoftheworkwouldbethatithighlightsaneedtounderstandwhathighIQleadersdothatleadstoloweropinionsbyfollowers.Thewronginterpretationwouldbe,‘Don’thirehighIQleaders.(對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究的正確解讀應(yīng)該是，它強(qiáng)調(diào)了有必要了解高智商領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的哪些行為會(huì)導(dǎo)致下屬對(duì)他們的評(píng)價(jià)較低。錯(cuò)誤的解釋是，“不要雇傭高智商的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者?！?”可知，從PaulSackett的話中可以推斷出這項(xiàng)研究可以有不同的解釋。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Ithinktheonlywayasmartpersoncansignaltheirintelligenceappropriatelyandstillconnectwiththepeople,”Antonakissays,“istospeakinappealingways.”(Antonakis說(shuō)：“我認(rèn)為，聰明人既能恰當(dāng)?shù)乇砻髯约旱闹巧蹋帜芘c他人保持聯(lián)系，唯一的方法就是用吸引人的方式說(shuō)話?！?”可推知，最后一段中的“奧巴馬”的例子說(shuō)明了如何有效地與人溝通。故選B。DInthelate19thcenturyYellowstonebecamethefirstgreatNationalPark,describedasAmerica’s“bestidea.”ButtheparkwasdevastatingfortheNativeAmericanswhohadlivedorhuntedwithintheirbordersandwhoweredisplaced.TheU.S.hastakenonesmallsteptopensatebyreturningtheNationalBisonRangetoitsNativeownersasafirststep.Next,atthe2021UNBiodiversityConference,thegovernmentshouldensurenewconservationplanssupportIndigenous(本土的)andlocalmunitiesfortheirconservationachievements.In2016biologistEdwardrespondedtothebiodiversitycrisisbycallingforhalfofEarthtobelefttowilderness,birthingthe“30×30”campaigntoprotect30percentofEarth’slandandseasurfaceby2030.Backedbymanyscientists,majorconservationorganizations,thetargetislikelytobeadoptedbytheCBD.Criticsarguethatthe“30×30”initiative,aimedatconservation,couldbeeatoolforexploitation(剝削).Theyclaimitmayunjustlyburdenthoseleastresponsibleforenvironmentalissueslikeclimatechangeandbiodiversityloss.There’sconcernthatpowerfulentitiescouldusetheproposalasanexcuseforseizinglandfromdisadvantagedgroups.Indigenousterritories,whichhost80%ofEarth’sremainingbiodiversity,areparticularlyatriskofbeingtargetedinthenameofprotection.Tragically,theverymunitiesthatbravelyprotectnatureagainstexploitationcouldfacedisplacement,withestimatessuggestingupto300millionpeoplecouldlosetheirhomes.Thereisawaytodoglobalconservationright.IndigenousmunitiesareasgoodasorbetterthangovernmentsatprotectingbiodiversityandalreadyconserveaquarterofEarth’slandsurface.TheCBDneedstoensurethattheygetsecurerightstotheirterritories,aswellastheresourcestodefendthem.TheNationalParkcouldleadthewayinthiseffortbyhelpingrescuenatureanditsmostpassionatedefendersfromthemilitarized(軍事化)conservationmodelitpioneeredoneandahalfcenturiesago.Thatisacrucialsteptowardarelieffortheincrediblelifeformsthatshareourplanet,aswellastheirIndigenousguardians.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastating”inparagraph1mean?A.innovative B.beneficial C.promising D.disastrous13.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthe“30×30”campaign?A.Abiologist’sadvocatetoconservenature.B.CBD’sambitiontoempowerIndigenes.C.ThepensationmadebytheUnitedStates.D.Anexcusetoseizelandfromdominantgroups.14.Whatisanidealwaytohandleglobalconservation?A.PrecautionsagainstreducingPygmypeopletopovertyandmisery.B.Relyingonthegovernmentstodisplacelocalsfromtheirhomeland.C.MilitarizedconservationmodelpioneeredbytheUnitedSates.D.ReturningthelandinthecareoftheIndigenousmunities.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ConservationorModernization?B.WhereIstheNextYellowstone?C.ProtectBiodiversity’sProtectors.D.GovernmentasNature’sGuardian.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是如何在全球保護(hù)生物多樣性的同時(shí)，確保土著社區(qū)的權(quán)益得到保護(hù)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了土著社區(qū)在保護(hù)生物多樣性方面的重要作用?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“fortheNativeAmericanswhohadlivedorhuntedwithintheirbordersandwhoweredisplaced(對(duì)于那些在他們的邊界內(nèi)生活或狩獵并流離失所的美洲原住民來(lái)說(shuō))”和第二段“TheU.S.hastakenonesmallsteptopensate(作為補(bǔ)償，美國(guó)已經(jīng)邁出了一小步)”可知，對(duì)于那些在他們的邊界內(nèi)生活或狩獵并流離失所的美洲原住民來(lái)說(shuō)，黃石公園是毀滅性的，劃線詞devastating的意思是“毀滅性的，極具破壞力的”，和disastrous意思相近。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In2016biologistEdwardrespondedtothebiodiversitycrisisbycallingforhalfofEarthtobelefttowilderness,birthingthe“30×30”campaigntoprotect30percentofEarth’slandandseasurfaceby2030.(2016年，生物學(xué)家愛(ài)德華回應(yīng)了生物多樣性危機(jī)，呼吁將地球的一半留給荒野，發(fā)起了“30×30”運(yùn)動(dòng)，到2030年保護(hù)地球30%的陸地和海洋表面。)”可知，“30×30”運(yùn)動(dòng)是一個(gè)生物學(xué)家保護(hù)大自然的主張，故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thereisawaytodoglobalconservationright.(有一種方法可以正確地進(jìn)行全球保護(hù)。)”和“TheCBDneedstoensurethattheygetsecurerightstotheirterritories,aswellastheresourcestodefendthem.(CBD需要確保他們獲得對(duì)其領(lǐng)土的安全權(quán)利，以及保護(hù)這些領(lǐng)土的資源。)”可知，處理全球環(huán)境保護(hù)的理想方式是歸還土地，由土著社區(qū)照管。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第三段“In2016biologistEdwardrespondedtothebiodiversitycrisisbycallingforhalfofEarthtobelefttowilderness,birthingthe“30×30”campaigntoprotect30percentofEarth’slandandseasurfaceby2030.Backedbymanyscientists,majorconservationorganizations,thetargetislikelytobeadoptedbytheCBD.(2016年，生物學(xué)家愛(ài)德華回應(yīng)了生物多樣性危機(jī)，呼吁將地球一半留給荒野，發(fā)起了“30×30”運(yùn)動(dòng)，到2030年保護(hù)地球30%的陸地和海洋表面。在許多科學(xué)家和主要保護(hù)組織的支持下，這一目標(biāo)很可能被CBD采納。)”可知，本文主要講的是如何在全球保護(hù)生物多樣性的同時(shí)，確保土著社區(qū)的權(quán)益得到保護(hù)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了土著社區(qū)在保護(hù)生物多樣性方面的重要作用，因此最好的標(biāo)題是C選項(xiàng)“ProtectBiodiversity’sProtectors.(保護(hù)生物多樣性的保護(hù)者。)”。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoMakeYourWritingFlow?Writingflowreferstohowsmoothlytextflowsfromonesentencetothenextandoneparagraphtoanother.____16____Ontheotherhand,choppy(不連貫的)writinglackingflowdisruptsthereadingexperience.Luckily,youhavethetipsbelowtoimprovetheflowofyourwriting.1.Varyyoursentencestructure.Usingonlyshort,choppysentencescreatesadisconnectedrhythmthatdisruptstheflow,whileaseriesoflong,plexsentencesoverwhelmreaders.____17____Varyingsentencestructurekeepsreadersengagedandcreatesnaturalmovementfromoneideatothenext.2.Usetransitionwordsandphrases.Transitionwordsandphrasesactlikebridgesbetweensentencesandparagraphs.Theycreatelogicalconnectionsbetweenideas.Usetransitionslike“however,”“therefore,”“similarly,”and“incontrast”togluesentencesandparagraphstogethersmoothly.____18____3.Structureparagraphsaroundacentralidea.____19____Thesupportingsentencesintheparagraphshouldworktogethertoexplain,develop,orarguethatcentralidea.Thiscreatescohesionwithinparagraphsandconnectsthemtoeachotherlogically.Usetopicsentencestointroducethemainideaofeachparagraph.Paragraphsstructuredaroundasingularfocusimprovewritingflowandreadability.4.____20____Revisitingwritingwithfresheyesmakesflawsinflowandtransitionsmorenoticeable.Letyourdraftsrestforadayortwotopreventgettingstuckreworkingthesamepassagerepeatedly.Approachingwritinganewallowsyoutoevaluateflowandsmoothoutimperfectionswithdistanceandobjectivity.A.Don’tleaveouttherevisingprocess.B.Letpleteddraftsrestbeforeediting.C.Thekeyistomixsentencelengthstocreatefluidvariety.D.Placethematthebeginningofasentenceorbetweenindependentclauses.E.Flowingwritingmaintainsthecontinuityofideasandtransitionslogically.F.Eachparagraphshouldhaveacontrollingidearelatingtoyouroveralltheme.G.Asawriter,itisyourresponsibilitytopresentyourreaderswithacentralidea.【答案】16.E17.C18.D19.F20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是如何讓你的寫(xiě)作流暢?！?6題詳解】空后“Ontheotherhand,choppy(不連貫的)writinglackingflowdisruptsthereadingexperience.(另一方面，不連貫的寫(xiě)作會(huì)破壞閱讀體驗(yàn))”說(shuō)明了不連貫的寫(xiě)作會(huì)破壞閱讀體驗(yàn)，由“Ontheotherhand”可知，空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)連貫的寫(xiě)作會(huì)帶來(lái)什么好處，E選項(xiàng)“Flowingwritingmaintainsthecontinuityofideasandtransitionslogically.(流暢的寫(xiě)作保持了思想的連續(xù)性和邏輯上的過(guò)渡)”說(shuō)明了連貫的寫(xiě)作的好處，因此引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。【17題詳解】空后“Varyingsentencestructurekeepsreadersengagedandcreatesnaturalmovementfromoneideatothenext.(不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)能讓讀者保持專(zhuān)注，并使從一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)到下一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)形成自然的過(guò)渡)”說(shuō)明了不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)的好處，空格處應(yīng)該引出要用不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，C選項(xiàng)“Thekeyistomixsentencelengthstocreatefluidvariety.(關(guān)鍵是要混合句子長(zhǎng)度，以創(chuàng)造流暢的變化)”說(shuō)明了要混合句子的長(zhǎng)度，也就是用不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，因此引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?8題詳解】空前“Usetransitionslike“however,”“therefore,”“similarly,”and“incontrast”togluesentencesandparagraphstogethersmoothly.(使用“however”、“therefore”、“similar”和“incontrast”這樣的過(guò)渡詞，將句子和段落流暢地粘合在一起)”說(shuō)明要用過(guò)渡詞，空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)該怎么用，把它們放在哪里，D選項(xiàng)“Placethematthebeginningofasentenceorbetweenindependentclauses.(把它們放在句子的開(kāi)頭或獨(dú)立分句之間)”說(shuō)明了要把過(guò)渡詞放在什么位置，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。【19題詳解】本段小標(biāo)題是“Structureparagraphsaroundacentralidea.(圍繞中心思想組織段落)”，說(shuō)明本段主要講的是每一段都要有一個(gè)中心思想，空格處也是關(guān)于中心思想的，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Eachparagraphshouldhaveacontrollingidearelatingtoyouroveralltheme.(每一段都應(yīng)該有一個(gè)與你的整體主題相關(guān)的控制思想)”說(shuō)明了每一段都要有中心思想，符合本段語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?0題詳解】空格處是本段小標(biāo)題，由空后的“Letyourdraftsrestforadayortwotopreventgettingstuckreworkingthesamepassagerepeatedly.(讓你的草稿休息一兩天，以防止反復(fù)修改相同的段落)”可知，本段主要講的是要讓草稿休息一兩天，B選項(xiàng)“Letpleteddraftsrestbeforeediting.(在編輯之前讓完成的草稿休息一下)”說(shuō)明了要讓草稿休息一下，因此概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為小標(biāo)題，故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)Itwasinthecoldmidwinter,andthehomelesscouplestruggledthroughthenightsnow,seekingshelter.Thefathertobe____21____theroadsideforsomeplacewherehisstruggling____22____mightrestsafelyforthenight.ThatDecembernight,GusKiebel,acountywildlifeofficer,wasdrivinghomefromworkwhenhe____23____thepairintheflashofhisheadlights.Heparkedhistruckand____24____theanimals.Gus____25____outhishandstothebeagles(比格犬),whichmadenoefforttoescape.Then,heplacedthedogsinhistruck.Gus____26____hisphone,tookapictureofthepairandsentittohiswife,KatieKiebelbeforecallingKatie.“Youcannotputthem____27____inthesnow,”shesaid.“Bringthemhome.”TheKiebelspreparedabedforthedogsontheirwarmhomewherethe____28____animalslaytogether.However,alreadyhavingadog,theKiebelscouldn’t____29____tokeepnewones.Thenextday,Katietookthedogstotheshelter—ononecondition.“I’mnot____30____thedogsovertoyouifyou’regoingtoseparatethem,”shesaid.Theshelterworkerspromisedtokeepthecoupletogether.SoonafterChristmas,thebeagleswere____31____—asa____32____,toalovingfamily.It’sasimplestory,butitspeakstothe____33____ofournature.Andwhen____34____andlovetriumphovercrueltyandneglect,itcanfeellikethegreatest____35____ofall.21.A.looked B.headed C.searched D.figured22.A.panion B.pany C.friend D.effort23.A.scared B.attracted C.appealed D.spotted24.A.scared B.approached C.attracted D.appealed25.A.put B.laid C.made D.stretched26.A.broughtup B.tookout C.warmedup D.putdown27.A.down B.up C.back D.aside28.A.disappointed B.lovely C.unparalleled D.exhausted29.A.afford B.offend C.intend D.succeed30.A.turning B.driving C.signing D.giving31.A.weled B.received C.adopted D.presented32.A.pet B.pair C.family D.reward33.A.bottom B.basis C.fundamental D.best34.A.kindness B.curiosity C.generosity D.patience35.A.achievement B.miracle C.career D.job【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.D26.B27.C28.D29.A30.C31.C32.B33.D34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是在寒冷的冬夜，縣野生動(dòng)物官員GusKiebel發(fā)現(xiàn)了一對(duì)無(wú)家可歸的比格犬，后來(lái)他和他的妻子凱蒂為這對(duì)狗狗提供了溫暖和庇護(hù)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這位準(zhǔn)父親在路邊尋找讓他苦苦掙扎的同伴可以安全地過(guò)夜的地方。A.looked看；B.headed朝（某方向）行進(jìn)；C.searched搜索，在（某地）搜尋；D.figured認(rèn)為，估計(jì)。結(jié)合上文“seekingshelter”可知，他在尋找一個(gè)可以休息的地方。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位準(zhǔn)父親在路邊尋找讓他苦苦掙扎的同伴可以安全地過(guò)夜的地方。A.panion同伴，伴侶；B.pany公司；C.friend朋友；D.effort努力。根據(jù)上文“thehomelesscouple”可知，這位準(zhǔn)爸爸是給自己的伴侶尋找過(guò)夜的地方。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那個(gè)12月的晚上，縣野生動(dòng)物官員GusKiebel下班開(kāi)車(chē)回家時(shí)，在車(chē)燈的閃爍下發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一對(duì)。A.scared使害怕；B.attracted吸引；C.appealed呼吁；D.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“thepairintheflashofhisheadlights”可知，GusKiebel是在閃爍的車(chē)燈下發(fā)現(xiàn)了這兩只動(dòng)物。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他停好卡車(chē)，走近動(dòng)物們。A.scared使害怕；B.approached接近；C.attracted吸引；D.appealed呼吁。根據(jù)下文“outhishandstothebeagles

(比格犬),whichmadenoefforttoescape”可知，Gus是下車(chē)接近這兩只動(dòng)物。故選B。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Gus向比格犬們伸出手，比格犬們沒(méi)有試圖逃跑。A.put放；B.laid放置；C.made制作；D.stretched伸出。根據(jù)下文“outhishandstothebeagles”以及“Then,heplacedthedogsinhistruck.”可知，Gus向比格犬伸出手。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Gus拿出，給這一對(duì)拍了張照片，發(fā)給了他的妻子KatieKiebel，然后給Katie打。A.broughtup撫養(yǎng)成人；B.tookout拿出；C.warmedup溫暖；D.putdown放下。根據(jù)下文“tookapictureofthepairandsentittohiswife”可知，Gus是拿出給這兩只比格犬拍了照片，并發(fā)送給妻子。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：你不能把它們放回雪地里。A.down朝下，向下；B.up向上；C.back向后，回原處；