鄭州市高中英語必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters知識集錦

單選題1、As

is

often

suggested,

we

should

try

to

deal

with

everything

in

a

peaceful

way

rather

than

by

means

of

______.A．forceB．strengthC．powerD．energy答案：A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正如人們經(jīng)常建議的那樣，我們應該嘗試用和平的方式而不是用武力來解決一切問題。A.

force武力；B.

strength力量，優(yōu)勢；C.

power權(quán)力；D.

energy精力。根據(jù)“

in

a

peaceful

way”和“rather

than”可知，此處表示用和平的方式而不是用武力來解決一切問題。故選A。2、It’s

such

a

difficult

problem

_______

nobody

can

work

out.A．a(chǎn)sB．thatC．whichD．so

that答案：A考查定語從句。句意：這是一個沒人可以算出來的困難問題。分析句子可知，此處是定語從句關(guān)系詞，先行詞為problem，被such修飾，且在從句中充當賓語，應用關(guān)系代詞as，故選A項。小提示：本題考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。確定定語從句關(guān)系代詞一般分為三步：找出先行詞；分析先行詞在從句中充當什么成分；考慮特殊情況。以本題為例：1

.找出先行詞：problem2

.分析先行詞在從句中充當?shù)某煞郑合刃性~problem在從句_______

nobody

can

work

out.中充當賓語，應用關(guān)系代詞3

.考慮特殊情況：先行詞被such修飾，關(guān)系代詞只能用as故選A項。3、—Tomorrow

is

Teachers’

Day.

What

is

your

surprise

for

our

English

teacher?—The

first

thing

________

I

will

do

is

to

make

an

English

card

for

her.A．whoB．whichC．whoseD．that答案：D考查定語從句。句意：——明天是教師節(jié)。你給我們的英語老師什么驚喜？——我要做的第一件事是給她做一張英語卡。該空引導限制性定語從句，先行詞是thing，被序數(shù)詞first修飾，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語，只用關(guān)系代詞that。故選D項。4、The

boy

is

always

found______in

reading

books.A．to

buryB．buryingC．buriedD．buries答案：C考查過去分詞作主語補足語。句意：男孩總是被發(fā)現(xiàn)埋頭讀書。be

buried

in是“埋頭于”，find

sb

done“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人被”的被動是：sb

be

found

done，過去分詞作主語補足語。故選C。5、He

bought

a

new

building

_____top

is

different

from

those

of

the

others

around.A．whatB．whichC．thatD．whose答案：D考查定語從句。句意：他買了一幢新樓，它的頂部和周圍其他的不同。句中包含定語從句，先行詞是building，_____top

is

different

from

those

of

the

others

around是定語從句，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作top的定語，指樓的頂部，用關(guān)系代詞whose引導。故選D。6、The

nurse

will

be

______

when

needed,

so

it’s

unnecessary

to

worry

about

the

patient.A．in

the

open

airB．on

handC．in

shockD．now

and

then答案：B考查固定短語詞義辨析。句意：需要時護士會在旁邊，所以不必擔心病人。A.

in

the

open

air在戶外；B.

on

hand在場，在旁邊；C.

in

shock處于震驚之中；D.

now

and

then時而，有時。根據(jù)句意可知，不必擔心病人，因為如果病人有需要，護士會在旁邊，“on

hand”意為“在跟前，在旁邊”，符合句意。故選B項。7、The

house,

___________I

bought

last

year,

needs

to

be

repaired.A．whichB．whereC．thatD．when答案：A考查非限制性定語從句。句意：我去年買的房子需要修理。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，非限制性定語從句當中缺少賓語，先行詞是the

house，所以應用關(guān)系代詞which來引導。故選A。8、I

wish

to

thank

Mrs.

Smith,

without

______help

I

would

never

make

so

much

progress.A．whoB．whoseC．whomD．which答案：B考查定語從句。句意：我要感謝史密斯太太，沒有她的幫助，我決不會取得這么大的進步。此處為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞

Mrs.

Smith，在從句中作定語，應用whose，故選B。9、Stores

sell

pet

pants

and

bikinis,

and

doctors

will

perform

cosmetic

surgery

________your

pet

needs

a

facelift.A．in

caseB．even

thoughC．a(chǎn)s

ifD．ever

since答案：A考查狀語從句。句意：商店出售寵物褲和比基尼，如果你的寵物需要整容，醫(yī)生會給它做整容手術(shù)。A.

in

case假如，如果；B.

even

though雖然，即使；C.

as

if猶如，好似；D.

ever

since從那時起。根據(jù)句意，“your

pet

needs

a

facelift”是“doctors

will

perform

cosmetic

surgery”的條件，應用in

case引導條件狀語從句。故選A項。10、With

much

heat

__________

from

the

sun,

the

panels

__________

it

into

energy

__________the

building.A．capturing;

dominate;

poweredB．capturing;

convert;

poweredC．captured;

dominate;

poweringD．captured;

convert;

powering答案：D考查過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和固定搭配。句意：利用從太陽捕獲的大量熱量，電池板將其轉(zhuǎn)化為能源，為建筑提供動力。分析句子可知，第一空作賓補，表示與賓語heat之間的被動關(guān)系，所以應填其過去分詞形式captured；第二空填謂語動詞，句子描述的是客觀事實，應用一般現(xiàn)在時，o...為固定搭配，表示“將轉(zhuǎn)換為”，符合語境，dominate“統(tǒng)治，支配”，不合語境；第三空填現(xiàn)在分詞powering作后置定語，表示“提供動力”，修飾名詞energy，表示與其邏輯主語energy之間的主動關(guān)系。故選D項。11、This

is

the

first

birthday

gift

________

I

received.

I’ve

kept

it

many

years.A．whichB．thatC．whoD．what答案：B考查定語從句。句意：這是我收到的第一份生日禮物。我已經(jīng)保存了很多年了?？仗幰龑ФㄕZ從句，在定語從句中缺少賓語，且先行詞gift被序數(shù)詞first修飾，所以應用關(guān)系代詞that。故選B。12、I

can

never

understand

the

reason

_______

he

explained

to

me.A．whyB．thatC．whenD．where答案：B考查定語從句。句意：我不明白他向我解釋的原因。分析句子可知，此處是定語從句關(guān)系詞，先行詞reason在從句中充當explain的賓語，應用關(guān)系代詞which/that，故選B項。小提示：本題考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。確定定語從句關(guān)系代詞一般分為三步：找出先行詞；分析先行詞在從句中充當什么成分；考慮特殊情況。以本題為例：1

.找出先行詞：reason2

.分析先行詞在從句中充當?shù)某煞郑合刃性~reason在從句_______

he

explained

to

me中充當賓語，應用關(guān)系代詞which/that3

.考慮特殊情況：無故選B項。13、The

man

________

coat

is

black

is

waiting

at

the

gate.A．who’sB．whoseC．thatD．of

which答案：B考查定語從句。句意：穿黑色外套的那個人正在門口等著。分析句子可知，空處引導定語從句，先行詞是man，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，和coat是所屬關(guān)系，應用whose引導。故選B項。14、Even

Amundsen

was

moved

by

Scott's

death

saying

"Captain

Scott

left

a

record,

for

honesty,

sincerity,

for

bravery,

for

everything

_______makes

a

man".A．thatB．whichC．whoD．不填答案：A考查定語從句。句意：就連阿蒙森也被斯科特的死感動了，他說:“斯科特上尉留下了一份記錄，記錄了他的誠實、真誠、勇敢，造就了一個人的一切。分析句子，定語從句部分缺主語，引導詞用關(guān)系代詞且不可省略。故可排除D項。再根據(jù)先行詞指物可排除C項。本題定語從句的先行詞為復合不定代詞everything故引導詞只能為that不用which。綜合分析,故選A

項。15、We

should

do

all

________

is

useful

to

people.A．whoB．thatC．itD．which答案：B考查定語從句。句意：我們應該做一切對人們有幫助的事。A.

who誰；B.

that那個，引導從句；C.

it它；D.

which哪個。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句是定語從句，先行詞是all，排除D。引導詞用that，在從句中作主語。故選B。16、We

sell

a

lot

of

products

abroad

and

the

opportunity

to

open-up

markets

in

regions

________

we

don’t

currently

sell

a

lot

to

is

a

great

one.A．whereB．thatC．whatD．when答案：B考查定語從句。句意：我們在海外銷售了很多產(chǎn)品，在目前銷量不大的地區(qū)打開市場的機會非常大?？仗幰龑ФㄕZ從句，先行詞regions，指物，在定語從句中作賓語，需用關(guān)系代詞that引導。故選B。17、Understanding

the

cultural

habits

of

another

nation,

especially

________

containing

as

many

different

cultures

as

the

United

States

is

a

difficult

thing.

A．whichB．oneC．thatD．it答案：B考查不定代詞。句意：要了解一個國家的文化習慣，尤其是像美國這樣一個集成了多種文化國家的文化，是很困難的。A.

which指代物；B.

one一個；C.

that指代人或物；D.

it它。通過句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷，整句話中只有一個謂語動詞is，所以不能使用從句的引導詞，排除A和C，同時it指代的是同類同物，表示特指，不符合題意。整個句子的主語是Understanding

the

cultural

habits

of

another

nation，one作為同位語，泛指前文提到的一個國家的文化習慣。后面的containing

as

many

different

cultures

as

the

United

States是對one進行修飾，使用的是現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。故選B。18、The

experience

in

Paris

gave

the

young

musician

a

unique________

into

the

influence

of

music

on

children,

so

he

founded

a

school

to

teach

children

to

play

the

piano.A．privilegeB．libertyC．insightD．emergency答案：C考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在巴黎的經(jīng)歷讓這位年輕的音樂家對音樂對兒童的影響有了獨特的見解，所以他創(chuàng)辦了一所學校教孩子們彈鋼琴。A.

privilege特權(quán)；B.

liberty自由；C.

insight洞察力，見解；D.

emergency緊急情況。根據(jù)“the

influence

of

music

on

children”可知，此處表示這位年輕的音樂家對音樂對兒童的影響有了獨特的見解。故選C。19、I

will

never

forget

the

days

________

we

spent

together.A．whenB．whichC．whereD．why答案：B考查定語從句。句意：我永遠不會忘記我們一起度過的日子。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需用關(guān)系詞引導定語從句，先行詞是days，指時間，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作動詞spent的賓語，所以空處需用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導定語從句。故選B。20、Try

to

avoid

such

things

________will

do

you

harm,

unless

you

don't

care

about

the

rumors

from

all

directions.A．thatB．a(chǎn)sC．whichD．a(chǎn)s

that答案：B考查定語從句。句意：除非你不在乎四面八方的謠言，否則盡量避免那些對你有害的事情。在定語從句中缺少主語，且先行詞things被such修飾，所以應用關(guān)系代詞as。故選B。語法填空21、Many

houses

____________(destroy)

and

worse

still,

many

people

were

injured

or

some

even

killed.

(所給詞的適當形式填空)答案：were

destroyed考查動詞語態(tài)。句意：許多房屋被毀，更糟的是，許多人受傷，甚至一些人死亡。destroy與主語Many

houses是邏輯動賓關(guān)系，應用被動語態(tài)，由many

people

were

injured

or

some

even

killed可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，應用一般過去時，主語是復數(shù)，be動詞用were。故填were

destroyed。22、Many

westerners

________

came

to

China

cook

much

less

than

in

their

own

countries

once

they

realize

how

cheap

it

can

be

to

eat

out.

(用適當?shù)脑~填空)答案：that##who考查定語從句。句意：許多來到中國的西方人一旦意識到在外面吃飯有多便宜，就會比在自己的國家做飯少得多?？仗幰龑拗菩远ㄕZ從句，修飾先行詞westerners，指人，從句中缺少主語，應用關(guān)系代詞that/who。故填that/who。23、On

social

media

sites,

people

tend

to

post

only

positive

updates

_________

make

them

appear

happy

and

friendly.

（用適當?shù)脑~填空）答案：which##that考查定語從句。句意：在社交媒體網(wǎng)站上，人們傾向于只發(fā)布讓自己看起來快樂友好的積極消息。分析句子可知，空處引導定語從句，先行詞是positive

updates，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，可用which或that引導。故填which/that。24、Martin

Luther

King

gave

a

famous

and

inspiring

speech

_______

started

with

the

words

“I

have

a

dream”.

(用適當?shù)脑~填空)答案：that##which考查定語從句。句意：馬丁·路德·金發(fā)表了一篇著名而鼓舞人心的演講，他的開場白是“我有一個夢想”。分析可知，空格處引導的是限定性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，先行詞speech是物，因此空格處用關(guān)系代詞that或which。故填that或which。25、What

differed

from

the

previous

case

was

that

the

suspect________(destroy)the

database

and

the

corresponding

data.

(所給詞的適當形式填空)答案：had

destroyed考查過去完成時。句意：與前一案件不同的是，嫌疑犯已經(jīng)銷毀了數(shù)據(jù)庫和相應的數(shù)據(jù)。分析句子可知，空處為表語從句的謂語，結(jié)合句意可知，destory的動作在主句動作was之前已經(jīng)完成了，表示過去的過去，應用過去完成時，the

suspect與destory之間為主動關(guān)系，所以應用過去完成時的主動語態(tài)。故填had

destoryed。26、That

is

the

house________

roof

was

blown

off

by

the

strong

wind.

(用適當?shù)脑~填空)答案：whose考查定語從句。句意：那就是房頂被大風刮掉的那所房子。定語從句修飾先行詞house，從句缺少定語，故用whose引導。故填whose。27、Without

oxygen,

the

brain

________(damage)

quickly.

(所給詞的適當形式填空)