2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)UNIT1PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENTSection4夯基提能作業(yè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

PAGEUnit1SectionⅣⅠ.閱讀理解When45-year-oldRandyPauschwasdiagnosedwithpancreatic(胰腺)cancer,hechosetofocusonlivingratherthandying.AsacomputerscienceprofessoratCarnegieMellonUniversity,Pauschwasaskedtodelivera“l(fā)astlecture”.Thiswell-knowncampustraditionallowedprofessorstoshareworldlywisdomwithstudentsasiftheyweredyingandhadonelastlecturetogive.TheonlydifferenceinPausch’scaseisthatPauschreallywasdying,butitonlymotivatedhimmore.Hedeliveredhislastlecture,“ReallyAchievingYourChildhoodDreams”onSept.18,2007.Pauschbeganbysharingseveralofhisboyhooddreams,someofwhichhehadachievedandtheothershehadn’t.Hedescribedtheimportanceofhavingdreamsandhowanyonecanstilllearnalotbyreachingforthosedreams,eveniftheydon’talwayssucceed.Hesharedthevalueslearnedthroughexperience,whichhehopedtopassontoothershardwork,honesty,laughterandgratitude.Pausch’slastlecturereceivedagreatdealofpraiseandattention.ItbecameacrazyYouTubehit,andinOctober2007,hepresentedanabridged(刪節(jié)的)versionon“TheOprahWinfreyShow”.Heturnedthelectureintoabookbythesamename,whichquicklybecameabest-seller.Readersweredeeplymovedbythebook’srepresentationofPausch’slifelongphilosophyandthewayitrevealedthebiggestsourceofhismotivation—histhreeyoungchildren.PauschpassedawayonJuly25,2008,buthisvoicelivesonintherecordedlectureandhisbook.Hecontinuestomotivateusallbyencouragingustonevergiveupourchildhooddreams—asourceofinspirationthatcanneverrundry.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了身患胰腺癌的Pausch教授做最終的演講激勵(lì)我們不要放棄自己的幻想。1．WhywasPauschaskedtogivehis“l(fā)astlecture”？__A__A．Toteachthestudents.B．Tomakehimhaveabetterlife.C．Tocurehiscancer.D．Toachievehisdream.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Pauschwasaskedtodelivera’lastlecture’.Thiswell-knowncampustraditionallowedprofessorstoshareworldlywisdomwithstudentsasiftheyweredyingandhadonelastlecturetogive.”可知，Pausch教授被要求做一次最終的演講是為了與學(xué)生們共享世俗的才智，也就是為了教化學(xué)生。2．WhatwasPausch’slecturemainlyabout？__B__A．Hisprivatelifeinboyhood.B．Havingdreamsandgoodvalues.C．Thereasonforhissuccess.D．Theexperiencelearnedfromothers.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Hedescribedtheimportanceofhavingdreamsandhowanyonecanstilllearnalotbyreachingforthosedreams,eveniftheydon’talwayssucceed.Hesharedthevalueslearnedthroughexperience,whichhehopedtopassontoothershardwork,honesty,laughterandgratitude.”可知，Pausch在演講中講解并描述了擁有幻想的重要性以及通過(guò)追求幻想學(xué)到的努力、誠(chéng)懇、樂(lè)觀和感恩等，也就是說(shuō)他的演講主要是關(guān)于擁有幻想和良好的價(jià)值觀。3．WhichofthefollowingmotivatedPauschmost？__B__A．Hisdreams. B．Hischildren.C．Hiswork. D．Hisstudents.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“itrevealedthebiggestsourceofhismotivation—histhreeyoungchildren.”可知，Pausch的三個(gè)孩子給他的動(dòng)力最大。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？__A__A．KeeponDreaming B．TheMeaningofLifeC．MotivationfromLife D．GivetheLastLecture解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特殊是最終一段中的“Hecontinuestomotivateusallbyencouragingustonevergiveupourchildhooddreams—asourceofinspirationthatcanneverrundry.”可知，本文講解并描述了身患胰腺癌的Pausch教授做最終一次的演講激勵(lì)我們不要放棄自己的幻想。Ⅱ.七選五依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2024·四川綿陽(yáng)期末)Withbusyschedulesandlimitedhoursofdaylight,somerunnersgorunninginthedarknessofearlymorningorevening.__1.C__.Butifyouhavetorunatnightorintheearlymorning，makesuretofollowtheseguidelines.●Chooseawell-lit(光線好的)routeItmightnotbeyourfavouriteroutetorun,butthemostwell-litrouteisyourfirstchoice.__2.A__andyou’llalwaysbeabletoseetheroadandavoidpotentialdangers.●AlwaysrunagainsttrafficIt’seasiertoavoidcarsifyoucanseethemcoming.Avoidbusyroadsandthosewithnoshouldersorsidewalks.●Runwithafriend__3.B__.Ifpossible,trytoneverrunalone.Ifyou’rerunningalone,letsomeoneknowtherouteyou’rerunningandapproximatelyhowlongyouwillbeout.●WatchoutforbikesandrunnersEvenifyou’rerunningonapathorinaparkwithnocars,alwaysbeawareofotherrunnersandcyclists.__4.E__.Thisadviceappliestorunninginbothdaylightanddarkness.●PutawayyourmusicMakesureyouleaveyourradio,MP3player,oriPadathome.__5.F__.Youcan’thearoncomingcars,cyclistsyellingtomove,dogs,oranyotherpotentialthreat.A．OncomingcarscanseeyoubetterB．There’sstrengthandsafetyinnumbersC．RunningindaylightisalwaysasaferchoiceD．AheadlampisalsoanessentialitemforrunnersE．Beforeyoustoporturnaround,makesureyourpathisclearF．CuttingoffyoursenseofhearingleavesyouatadisadvantageG．Putyourdriver’slicenseinyourpocketorwearanIDtagonyourshoe文章大意：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。由于日程繁忙，白天時(shí)間有限，一些跑步者便在早晨或傍晚的黑暗中跑步。文章給出了此時(shí)跑步的一些建議。解析：1．依據(jù)下文中的“Butifyouhavetorunatnightorintheearlymorning,makesuretofollowtheseguidelines.”可知，C項(xiàng)Runningindaylightisalwaysasaferchoice(在白天跑步總是更平安的選擇)切題。下文中的But將上下句緊密連在一起。故選C。2．空后的“you’llalwaysbeabletoseetheroadandavoidpotentialdangers”與空處是順承關(guān)系，故A項(xiàng)Oncomingcarscanseeyoubetter(迎面而來(lái)的汽車(chē)能看你看得更清晰)切題。故選A。3．依據(jù)本部分小標(biāo)題“Runwithafriend”及下文內(nèi)容可知，B項(xiàng)There’sstrengthandsafetyinnumbers(人多力氣大，保險(xiǎn))切題。故選B。4．依據(jù)上文中的“alwaysbeawareofotherrunnersandcyclists”可知，E項(xiàng)中的makesureyourpathisclear與之呼應(yīng)。故選E。5．依據(jù)下文“Youcan’thearoncomingcars,cyclistsyellingtomove,dogs,oranyotherpotentialthreat”可知，要回避危急就不應(yīng)切斷你的聽(tīng)覺(jué)，故F項(xiàng)Cuttingoffyoursenseofhearingleavesyouatadisadvantage(切斷聽(tīng)覺(jué)使你處于不利地位)切題。故選F。Ⅲ.完形填空Everyonebackhometoldmethatoneofthenicestthingsaboutcollegeisthepeopleyoumeet.TheyallassuredmethatIwould__1.A__friendshipsthatcouldlastalifetime.Iwouldalwayssmileandagree.Frankly,beforeI__2.C__college,Ireallydidn’tcare.Ilivedinthe__3.A__wheresixguyslivedintwosmallconnectingrooms.Allmyroommatesseemedtobegoodguys,butIdidn’treallytrytogettoknowthem.Ihavealwaysbeenratherquietandneverbeenabletomakefriends__4.B__.IwouldalwaysforgetnamesafterImetpeople.Whenwe__5.C__againandtheycalledoutmyname,Iwouldreplywitha(n)__6.C__waveandaweakhello.Thiswashowthingswentforthefirstmonthorso.Afterawhile,thingsstartedto__7.D__.Acoupleofmyroommateswouldtryandkeepmetalking.Soon,thesetworoommatesandIstartedbecomingfairly__8.D__.Webegangoingtothecafeteriatogether，__9.A__together,andmeetinginthelibrarytostudy.Onenightmyroommatesinvitedmetolistentoafellowroommate’spracticewithoneofourcollegechoirs.Theydrovemeacrosscampuswheremyroommatewasto__10.B__.Itsohappenedthatthiswasmybirthday,butIhadkeptquietaboutit.Soyoucanimaginemy__11.A__whenweenteredtherecitalhallandthe120-memberchoirbegantosing“HappyBirthday”tome.__12.C__atthedorm,myfriendsheldasmallpartyforme,completewithacardandcake.Iwascompletelyshocked,andIfelt__13.D__tobeabletocallthemfriends.ItwasthenthatIrealizedthatcollegemeans__14.A__thepieceofpaperyoureceiveattheend—It’sa(n)__15.D__inbothlifeandpeople.文章大意：這是一篇記敘文。記敘了作者剛上高校時(shí)并不在乎友情，過(guò)了一段時(shí)間，狀況起先發(fā)生變更，作者和兩個(gè)室友越來(lái)越密切，室友也幫作者打算了生日驚喜。作者意識(shí)到高校的意義不僅僅是你最終收到的那張紙——它是對(duì)生活和人的一種教化。1.A．form B．followC．a(chǎn)pproach D．introduce解析：句意：他們都向我保證，我會(huì)建立可以持續(xù)一生的友情。form構(gòu)成；建立；follow跟隨；approach接近；introduce介紹。依據(jù)下文friendships可知是建立持續(xù)一生的友情。故選A。2．A.leaveout B．leavebehindC．leavefor D．leaveaside解析：句意：坦白地說(shuō)，在我上高校之前，我真的不在乎。leaveout遺漏；leavebehind留下；leavefor動(dòng)身去；leaveaside擱置。短語(yǔ)leaveforcollege“上高?！薄９蔬xC。3．A.dorm B．hotelC．inn D．canteen解析：句意：我們六個(gè)人住在兩個(gè)相連的小房間的宿舍里。dorm宿舍；hotel旅館；inn小旅館；canteen食堂。依據(jù)下文“wheresixguyslivedintwosmallconnectingrooms”可知是宿舍。故選A。4．A.deliberately B．easilyC.greedily D．merely解析：句意：我始終很寧?kù)o，從不輕易交摯友。deliberately有意地；easily簡(jiǎn)單地；greedily貪欲地；merely僅僅。依據(jù)上文“Ihavealwaysbeenratherquietandneverbeenabletomakefriends”可知作者始終很寧?kù)o，從不輕易交摯友。故選B。5．A.attended B．emergedC.passed D．proposed解析：句意：當(dāng)我們?cè)俅谓?jīng)過(guò)時(shí)，他們喊出我的名字，我會(huì)尷尬地?fù)]一揮手，輕輕地打個(gè)招呼。attended參與；emerged出現(xiàn)；passed經(jīng)過(guò)；proposed提議。依據(jù)下文again可知是再次經(jīng)過(guò)相遇。故選C。6．A.splendid B．uniqueC.embarrassed D．upset解析：句意：當(dāng)我們?cè)俅谓?jīng)過(guò)時(shí)，他們喊出我的名字，我會(huì)尷尬地?fù)]一揮手，輕輕地打個(gè)招呼。splendid輝煌的；unique獨(dú)特的；embarrassed尷尬的；upset懊喪的。依據(jù)上文“IwouldalwaysforgetnamesafterImetpeople.”可知作者并不記得這些人的名字因此只能尷尬地?fù)]手。故選C。7．A.turn B．worsenC．a(chǎn)rise D．change解析：句意：過(guò)了一段時(shí)間，狀況起先發(fā)生變更。turn轉(zhuǎn)變；worsen惡化；arise上升；change變更。依據(jù)下文“Acoupleofmyroommateswouldtryandkeepmetalking.”可知事情發(fā)生了變更。故選D。8．A.intangible B．a(chǎn)ggressiveC.tiresome D．close解析：句意：很快，我和這兩個(gè)室友起先變得相當(dāng)密切。intangible無(wú)形的；aggressive侵略性的；tiresome煩人的；close密切的。依據(jù)下文“Webegangoingtothecafeteriatogether”可知作者和室友變得密切。故選D。9．A.exercising B．droppingC.rising D．kicking解析：句意：我們起先一起去自助餐廳，一起熬煉，一起去圖書(shū)館學(xué)習(xí)。exercising熬煉；dropping落下；rising上升；kicking踢。依據(jù)上文“Webegangoingtothecafeteriatogether”可知是一起進(jìn)行一些日常生活上的活動(dòng)。故選A。10．A.preserve B．performC.settle D．serve解析：句意：他們開(kāi)車(chē)送我穿過(guò)我室友要表演的校內(nèi)。preserve保存；perform表演；settle定居；serve服務(wù)。依據(jù)上文“Onenightmyroommatesinvitedmetolistentoafellowroommate’spracticewithoneofourcollegechoir.”可知室友要演出。故選B。11．A.surprise B．dislikeC．disappointment D．bonus解析：句意：所以你可以想象當(dāng)我們進(jìn)入演奏廳，120人的唱詩(shī)班起先為我唱“生日歡樂(lè)”時(shí)，我是多么驚異。surprise驚喜；dislike不喜愛(ài)；disappointment悲觀；bonus獎(jiǎng)金。依據(jù)上文“Itsohappenedthatthiswasmybirthday,butIhadkeptquietaboutit.”可知作者很驚異。故選A。12．A.Away B．DownC.Back D．Out解析：句意：回到宿舍，我的摯友們?yōu)槲遗e辦了一個(gè)小型聚會(huì)，聚會(huì)上有一張卡片和一個(gè)蛋糕。Away離去；Down向下；Back回去；Out在外面。依據(jù)下文“myfriendsheldasmallpartyforme”可知是回到了宿舍。故選C。13．A.aware B．a(chǎn)fraidC.sure D．proud解析：句意：我完全驚呆了，我為能稱他們?yōu)閾从讯械津湴?。aware意識(shí)到的；afraid膽怯 的；sure確信的；proud傲慢的。依據(jù)下文“tobeabletocallthemfriends”可知作者為能稱他們?yōu)閾从讯械津湴?。故選D。14．A.morethan B．ratherthanC．lessthan D．otherthan解析：句意：就在那時(shí)，我意識(shí)到高校的意義不僅僅是你最終收到的那張紙——它是對(duì)生活和人的一種教化。morethan多于；不僅僅；ratherthan而不是；lessthan少于；otherthan除了。依據(jù)下文“thepieceofpaperyoureceiveattheend—It’san__15__inbothlifeandpeople.”可知高校的意義不僅僅是你最終收到的那張紙——它是對(duì)生活和人的一種教化。故選A。15．A.culture B．traditionC．custom D．education解析：句意：就在那時(shí)，我意識(shí)到高校的意義不僅僅是你最終收到的那張紙——它是對(duì)生活和人的一種教化。culture文化；tradition傳統(tǒng)；custom習(xí)俗；education教化。依據(jù)下文“inbothlifeandpeople”可知高校是對(duì)生活和人的一種教化。故選D。Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ayoungmanwantedtofindajobafter__1.finishing__(finish)school.Onedayhecametoabigcompanyforit.Thereweresixyoungpeoplethatday__2.but__thecompanyonlywantedone.Theinterviewwasveryeasy.Itwasonlyfive__3.minutes’__(minute)shorttalk.Thenthesixyoungpeopleallwenthome.__4.On__themorningofthethirdday，theyoungmangotatextmessage.It__5.said__(say)，“Wearesorrytotellyouthatyoucannotworkinourcompany.”Theyoungmanfeltverysad，butheanswered__6.politely__(polite)“Thankyouallthesame.”__7.Later__(late)thatafternoon，theyoungmangotanothertextmessagesaying“Weareglad__8.totell__(tell)youthatyoucanbeoneofus！”Theyoungmandidn’tknowwhy.Peopleinthecompanytoldhim,“That’sbecauseof__9.the__samemessageinthemorning.Onlyyousaid’Thankyou’．Thatwastherealtest，andonlyyougavetherightanswer.”Whenyoufeel__10.disappointed__(disappoint)，donotforgettosay“thankyou”totheonewhodisappointsyou.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文，講解并描述了一個(gè)畢業(yè)找工作的年輕人因?yàn)槎Y貌的舉止被公司錄用。解析：1．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：一個(gè)年輕人想在畢業(yè)后找一份工作。介詞after后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填finishing。2．考查連詞。句意：來(lái)面試的有六個(gè)人，但那家公司只要一個(gè)人。前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but。3．考查名詞全部格。句意：面試只有五分鐘的簡(jiǎn)短談話。故填minutes’。4．考查介詞。句意：第三天上午，這個(gè)年輕人收到了一條短信。在詳細(xì)某一天的上午或下午用介詞on。故填On。5．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：短信上說(shuō)“很缺憾通知你，你沒(méi)有通過(guò)面試”，事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，應(yīng)當(dāng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填said。6．考查副詞。句意：那個(gè)年輕人很難受，但他還是禮貌地回復(fù)“仍舊感謝您”。修飾動(dòng)詞answered用副詞。故填politely。7．考查副詞。句意：那天下午晚些時(shí)候，他又收到了一條短信，內(nèi)容是“很興奮通知你，你已經(jīng)被我公司錄用了”。此處表示“那天下午晚些時(shí)候”。故填Later。8．考查不定式。句意參考上題解析。be＋形容詞＋不定式表示“做某事是……的”。故填totell。9．考查定冠詞。句意：因?yàn)橥瑯右粭l短信，只有你說(shuō)了感謝。same常和the連用，表示“相同的”。故填the。10．考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)你感到悲觀時(shí)，不要忘了對(duì)讓你悲觀的人說(shuō)聲感謝。表示人的感受用-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞。故填disappointed。Ⅴ.應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作假如你是高一新生李華，請(qǐng)你依據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，給你的美國(guó)摯友Tom寫(xiě)一封信，介紹你的高一英語(yǔ)老師MissLin：教我們兩個(gè)多月了；漂亮、活潑、和善；有耐性，上課生動(dòng)形象易于理解；在課上很?chē)?yán)厲，沒(méi)人敢在她的課上說(shuō)話；課下與學(xué)生們相處得很好，大家都喜愛(ài)與她交談；良師益友。留意：1.詞數(shù)80左右，開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearTom，I’msohappytowritetotellyousome