初中英語常用動詞搭配和動詞短語以及辨析

動詞后接to

appreciatedoingsth.suggestdoing asksb.todosth.請（叫）某人做某事tellsbtodosth告訴某人做某事ordersbtodosth.命令某人做某事wantsbtodosth.想要做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.wishsbtodosth.希望某人做某事wouldliketodosth.想要做某事invitesb.todosth.drivesb.todosth.驅(qū)使某人做某事expectsb.todosth.forbidsb.todosth.forcesb.todosth.強迫某人做某事hopetodosth.希望做某事offertodosth.主動提出做某事plantodosth.計劃做某事preparetodosth.預(yù)備做某事pretendtodosth.假裝做某事promisetodosth.許諾做某事decidetodosth. refusetodosth.拒絕做某事failtodosth. happentodosth.碰巧做某事needsbtodosth需要某人做某事動詞后接considerdoingsth.考慮做某事enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事escapedoingsth.逃脫做某事feellikedoingsth.finishdoingsth.完成做某事giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事imaginedoingsth.想象做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事practicedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事preventdoingsth.阻止做某事putoffdoingsth.推遲做某事riskdoingsth.冒險做某事forbiddoingsth.制止做某事forgivedoingsth.原諒做某事stopsb.fromdoing

be/getusedtodoingsth. payattentiontodoing注意做某事avoiddoing 動詞后既接to又接remembertodosth.rememberdoingsth.forgettodo forgetdoing regrettodo regretdoing trytodo trydoing stoptodo stopdoingsth. meantodo meandoing can’thelptodosth. can’thelpdoingsth.goon/continuetodosth.繼續(xù)做另goon/continuedoingsth. like/love/hatetodosth具體活動（一次性like/love/hatedoingsth（一貫性need/wanttodosth.想要做某事（主動need/wantdoing 想要被做（動allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某allowdoing advisesb.todosth.advisedoing encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵某人encouragedoing permitsbtodosth permitdoing seesb.dosth.seesb. hearsb.dosth.hearsb. findsb.dosth.findsb.doingsth.watchsb.dosth.hadbatterdosth.

letsb.do makesb.dosth.=makesthhavesb.dosth.=havesth bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.把某物帶給某人handsb.sth.=handsth.tosb.把某物遞給某人lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.把某物借給某人mailsb.sth.=mailsth.tosb.把某物寄給某人offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.將某物給某人passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.把某物遞給某人paysb.sth.paysth.tosb.（錢）readsb.sth.=readsth.tosb.returnsb.sth.returnsth.tosb.sellsb.sth.=sellsth.tosb.把某物賣給某人sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.把某物送給某人showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.拿某物給某人看takesb.sth.=takesth.tosb.把某物拿給某人teachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.教某人某物tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.告訴某人某情況throwsb.sth.throwsth.tosb.writesb.sth.=writesth.tosb.給某人寫信 booksb.sth.=booksth.forsb.為某人預(yù)定某物buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.為某人買某物choosesb.sth.choosesth.forsb.cooksb.sth.=cooksth.forsb.為某人煮某物drawsb.sth.=drawsth.forsb.為某人畫某物findsb.sth.=findsth.forsb.為某人找到某物getsb.sth.=getsth.forsb.為某人拿來某物makesb.sth.=makesth.forsb.為某人做某物ordersb.sth.=ordersth.forsb.為某人訂購某物picksb.sth.=picksth.forsb.為某人采摘某物preparesb.sth.preparesth.forsb.savesb.sth.=savesth.forsb.為某人留某物singsb.sth.=singsth.forsb.為某人唱某物（歌stealsb.sth.=stealsth.forsb.beableto

bepopularwithbeproudofbeafraidtodo(內(nèi)心)害怕\不敢做某事beafraidofdoingdoingbeangrywithbeathome=stayathomebeback/in/outbebadforbebusydoing/withsthbecareful becovered bedifferentfrombefamous/knownas作為……出名befamous/knownfor befree befriendly/kindtobefrom=comefrombefullof/filledwithbegoodat=dowellinbegoodforbe(ill)inbedbeinterested bein belate bemadatbemadefrom/ofbemadein在……地方制造bemadeupofbeon（燈）bepleasedwithbepolite/impoliteto

beready besurprised(at)bestrictinsth.對某事嚴格bestrictwithsb.besupposedtodosth.應(yīng)該做某事beusedfordoingbeusedtodobeusedto beworriedabout=beanxiousaboutaimatagreewithsb.askforaskforadayoffachieveavictoryarrivein﹙大地方﹚arriveat﹙小地方﹚arguewith與…爭吵apologizeto向…道歉breakupwithsb.與某人斷絕關(guān)系breakout爆發(fā)breakdownbreakoffbreaktherulebreakintobelieveinbegin/startwithbelongtobaseonborrow…from…comeintobeingcometrue實現(xiàn)comeforavisitcomeoncomebackcometodosth.逐漸做某事comeabout發(fā)生comefromcomeupwithcomealongcomeovercomeintocomein進來comeoutcomeoutofcatchupwith趕上…catchafirecatchholdof抓住…catchabus趕公共汽車cutup cutinhalfcutoff﹙電源、水源﹚cutinlinecareforcareaboutcallforcallbackcallatsp.callonsb.拜訪某人calloutcallupcallsb.atsomenumbercalmdowncommunicatewith

complainaboutcan’twaittodosth.迫不及待做某事cleanup清理、打掃干凈carryoutconnect…to…chatonlinecheckoverdropbydropoutofschooldroplitterdoanexperimentdoanoperationonsb.dosth.inpersondobusinessdoexercisedowith=dealwithdowrong做錯事doone’shomework=doone’lessondosomesportsdomorningexercisesdowellindothedishes洗餐具doone’sbesttodosth.盡力做某事dosomecleaning掃除dosomereadingdosomeshoppingdosomecookingdothelaundrydosomechoresdisagreewithsb.describe…as…dieof死于﹙直接內(nèi)因，如疾病、饑渴﹚diefrom﹙間接外因，如車禍、天災(zāi)﹚dieout滅絕drivesb.crazydriveto…開車去…dependondecideon dryoutdryupdreamof夢想…drawupdressupe-mailsb.給某人發(fā)電子郵件enjoyoneself玩得愉快enjoydoingsth.endupdoingsth.explaintosbsth=explainsth.toeatupfallbehindfallofffall 滑到，倒下（falloverfallinto落入；陷入fallillfallasleepfallinlovewithfightagainstfollowtherules遵守規(guī)則failtheexamfindout﹙原因、真相﹚feellikedoing想做某事flyakite放風(fēng)箏flytofitintofillin=filloutfeelsorryforfoldtheclothesgeton上﹙車、船、飛機等﹚getupgetgoodgradesgetovergetridof

gettogetoutofgetintogetinthewayofgettogether聚會getintotroublegetoutoftroublegetusedto﹙doing﹚sth.習(xí)慣﹙做﹚某事gettodosth.著手做某事getreadyotroublegetawayfromgetasorebackgetbacktosb.﹙打電geton/alongwellwithgettoknowgetmarriedtogetintouchwithgoaheadgoto…gohomegoout出去gooutfor…出去做…godown/alonggotoschoolgotothedoctor’去醫(yī)務(wù)室gotothecinema去看電影goacross…穿過…﹙平面﹚gotoworkgobadgoby﹙時間goone’sownwaygoforawalk去散步gosightseeinggoaway走開gotosleep入睡gotobedgoonwithgoshoppinggohiking去遠足goabroad出國goovergoonatrip去旅游givein﹙doing﹚sth.屈服﹙做﹚某事giveup﹙doing﹚sth.放棄﹙做﹚某事giveaway贈送giveoutgivebackgiveoff發(fā)出﹙氣味、煙霧等﹚givesb.someadvicegiveatalkgivelessonstosb.givesb.agoodbeatinggivesb.ahandgrowuphaveagoodtime玩得愉快haveadiscussionhaveaparty舉行聚會haveameetinghavenothingtodowithhavetroublewithsth.havedifficulty/troubledoingsth.havefunhaveafeverhaveacold感冒haveacoughhaveastamachachehavefundoingsth.愉快地做某事haveamatch舉行比賽haveafightwithhavenoideaof不知道…h(huán)aveahardtimedoingsth.事havesth.todowith與…有關(guān)haveanaccidenthavebreakfast/lunch/supperhaveclasshavewaterhaveaconversationwith

havealookat看一下…h(huán)aveatalkwithhaveaproblemwithhaveagoodtriphaveatryhavealaughat嘲笑.…h(huán)aveapityonsb.同情某人havearest休息一下haveawordwithhearofhearfromhandsuphandinhandoutholdupholdameeting舉行會議holdanexhibitionhappentodosth.恰巧做某事hurryup趕快hurryoffhelponeselftosth.隨便用…h(huán)elpsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事It’sone’sturntodosth.invitesb.todosth.邀請某人做某事insistondoingsth..堅持做某事joininjointogetherjointhearmy參軍jointhepartykeep（stay）awayfromkeepoutkeepdown壓低﹙音量等keepa keepingoodmoodkeepondoingkeephealthykeepingoodhealthkeepupwithkeepsb.doingsth.keepoffkeepintouchwithknockat=knockonknockintolearn…byoneselflearn…from…向…學(xué)習(xí)learn…byheart記住…leaveforleavesth. leaveschoolleaveonebyoneself把某人單獨留下leaveamessageforsb.給某人留個口信leadtoliveon…liveahappylifelookafterlookfor尋找…lookdownonlookup﹙字詞等﹚lookover﹙身體等﹚lookforwardtolookon…as把看作…lookatlooklikelookaroundlookoutlookoutoflook lookthesamelookinsidelaughatlosetouchwithletsb.in讓某人進去liedowmmakesb.feelathomemakeone’smindtodosth.makeaface=makefacesmakemoneymakefoolofsb.

makeajourneymakeprogressmakeacountributiontomakeanoise吵鬧makeafiremakeamistakemakeupmakeupof…由…組成makeaplanmakeone’sbedmakeareport編寫報告makesureofmakeuseofmakeasentencewithmakeadecisionmakeoneselfunderstoodmakeasurveyofmakepreparationformakefriendswithmakealivingmajorinmatch…withmovetomeetwith遇到﹙困難、麻煩等mixupnamesb./sth.XXordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事openupplayfootballplaychess下棋playcardsplaybridgeplaytheguitar彈吉他playtheviolinplaysports做運動playgamesplaywithplayjokesonsb.對某人開玩笑playtheCD.播放playthemusicplayapartinplayaroleof扮演…的角色playagainstplayhide-and-seekpayforpayattentiontopassby路過…putonputdownputaway把…收拾起來put…into…把…放入…里putup put put put preventsb.﹙from﹚doingsth.阻止某人做某事prefertodoratherthandoprefer﹙doing﹚sth.to﹙doing﹚sth.pointto指向poinat指著pointoutpracticedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事pickuprun run runout runoverto…readsth.tosb.把某物讀給某人聽readsth.forsb.替某人讀某物receivealetterfrom…rainheavily下大雨rideabikeriseupraisemoney籌集資金refertoregard…as…把…看作…

reachout伸出﹙手等sendupsendane-mailsendfor…派人請…sendintosendawaysendoffsendout發(fā)出，發(fā)出，派遣shakehandswithstickdoingsth.stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事stareat盯著…selloutseeadoctor看醫(yī)生seesb.off為某人送行seeafilm saygoodbyetosb.向某人告別sayhellotosb.向某人問好setup豎立、建造setupone’smindonsth.全神貫注于…setoff出發(fā)，動身，使爆炸，引起setout出發(fā)，啟程，開始，著手setanexampleforspeakof講到speakhighlyof稱頌…searchfor搜索，尋找starttodosth.著手做某事startwith…以…開始spend﹙time/money﹚onsth.=spend﹙time/money﹚﹙in﹚doingsth.花費﹙時間/金錢﹚spendtimewithsb.sort…into…showsb.aroundsomewhereshowup露面stayinbedslowdownsmileatsuitsb.share…with…stayup熬夜standforstandupsucceedindoingsth.成功地做某事shutupshoutto shoutat seemlike好像sweepthefloor拖地stepon takeamessageforsb.給某人捎個信takeabustakeone’sordertakeawalk散步take…to…把…帶到…去takeashowertakeaftertakeawaytakethemedicinetakeexercisetakeiteasytakeone’stemperaturetakeoff起飛/脫下﹙衣服、鞋帽等﹚takealesson/class上課takeadayofftakeanexamtake…outof…takearesttakeone’sturntodosth.按某人順序做某事takepartin參加﹙活動﹚take…asanexampletakeovertakecareoftakeintakeup占據(jù)﹙空間、時間takethepridein以…而驕傲﹙takeplace發(fā)生﹙不及物taketheleadingpositiontakeaswimmingcourse

takeadeepbreathtaketheplaceof代替…takeaphotoof照…的相talkabouttalkwithtalktoturnleft﹙right﹚向左﹙右turndown﹙音量等turnoverturnto…轉(zhuǎn)向…turngreenthinkaboutthinkofthinkoverthinkup（設(shè)計出、發(fā)明、編造）tellsb.aboutsth.tellajoke講笑話tellastorytryon試穿tryone’sbesttodosth.thanksfortravelto…到…旅行tie…to…treat…as…troublesb.todosth.throwawaytranslate…into…urgesb.todosth.useupusedtodosth.visitsb/somewherewakeupwelcometo…歡迎到…來waitforwaitinlinewriteto…給…寫信writedownwintheWorldCupwinaprizewearoutwearglasses戴眼鏡wipeoff workout解決﹙問題、麻煩等workonwalkalong/downwatchagamewarnsb.todosth.

warnsb.ofsth.warnsb.against(doing)sth.告誡某人當worryabout…中考英語近義動詞（詞組）辨析spendpay；cost；主語常為“it”spendspend…onsth(in)doingsth，例如：Ispent15yuanonthisnewbook.take"Ittakessb.sometimetodosth"ItoftentakesmehalfanhourtogotoschoolbybikeeveryIpaid15Yuanforthisnewbook.costThisnewbookcostme15【例題】Howmuchmoneydidyou infixingyourA. B. C.辨析 get；bring指將某物或某人從離說話人較遠處“拿來”或“帶來，由遠及近。例如：You’dbetterfinishyouhomeworktodayandbringittoschooltomorrow.MayIbringTomalong? Bringthebooktome,please.takeCouldyoutakethebooktotheclassroom?IambusygetWillyougetthatbookforcarryThebusesandtaxisarecarrypeoplehereandTheboxissoheavythatthelittleboycan’tcarry【例題】Idon’tknowwhereWenchuanCountry----Letme amapofChinaforA. B. C. D.takeparttakepartinjoin【例題】Manyfamouspopstars thecharityA. B.takepart C.tookpart；putonHereisyourcoat.Putiton,Heputonhisnewpairofsunglassesandwentout.wear-“Whatisshe“She’swearingaredhatandabluejacket.”dressMymotherisdressingMylittlebrotheristooyoung.Momdresseshimeverymorning.inThemaninblackismyHaveyouseenaboyinared【例題】Can yourlittlebrother?I’mbusy---OK.I’lldoitrightA. B.put C. D.；havebeento（已經(jīng)回來了havegoneto（還沒回【例題】Mariaiswantedonthetelephone.Whereis----She thelibrary.YoucanfindherA.hasbeen B.hasgone C.has D.will辨析tell;talk;say;tellIwilltellhimthenewsassoonashecomesbackGrannyoftentellsmefunnyThepolicemantoldusnottoplayfootballinthestreetTheyaretalkingabouttheirfriendsnow.IwilltalktoyourfatheraboutyourhealthnextMr.Zhangisgoingtogiveusatalkatthemeeting.sayDidyousaygoodbyetoyourWecanspeakChineseandEnglish.MayIspeaktoHenry?Hewillspeakatthemeeting【例題】OurEnglishteacheroften usstoriesinA. B. C.lookup；lookfor；find；findlookuplookforfindfindout【例題】What'sthematter----Iamhavingtrouble whohastakenmybook..(2008A. B.looking C.finding D.looking辨析reach；arrive；reachWereachedShanghaiateightonarrivein/at，arrivein+大地名，arriveat+WehavealreadyarrivedinTheyarrivedatschoolat6:30yesterday.gettogetto+地名。IgottotheCapitalCinemaathere,there,home，arrivegetWhendidyougethome?Whenwillyouarrivethere?【例題】 InternationalAirportonMarch31,A.reached B.arrived C.got D.enteredlend;borrow;MayIborrowsomemoneyfromyou?Youcanborrowbooksfromthelendto，lendsth.tosb.把某物借給某CouldyoulendmesomeThelibrarylendsbookstotheHowlongmayIkeepthe Ihavekeptthebookfor3【例題】Youhave mydictionaryfortwoA. B. C.辨析 forget【例題】ThismorningIwenttoschoolinsuchahurrythatI mynotebookatA. B. C.辨析 Ireceivedagiftfromher,butIreturneditbacktoherthismorning.Hereceivedaninvitationfromherandacceptedit【例題】I astrangegiftyesterday,andIstilldon’tknowwhoitwasA. B. C. D.辨析winOurfootballteamwonthefootballgameby3to1.beatOurfootballteambeattheirsby3to1.【例題】Ourteam thematch.We’vegotthefirstA. B. C.bemadeof；bemade，bemadeof；bemadefrom【例題】Thedesksaremade A. B. C. D.辨析hopewish，wishhope，hopehopetodosth(√) hopesbtodosth(×) wishsbtodosth(√)hopesbsth wishsbsth 【例題 yougoodluckinthenewyear!-----ThesametoA. B. C. D.辨析soundlistentohear【例題】Canyou someA. B.listen C.辨析lookatseewatchread：Myfatherisreadingnewspaper【例題】I theblackboardcarefully,andI mynameonA.lookedat; B.lookedat; C.watched;辨析reply;replytoHedidn’twanttoreplytomyquestions.answer【例題】Youmust meA.answer B.reply C.lie;lie：lay,lain,lying；表示“說謊”時，其變化是：lied,lied,lyingIsawanoldmanlyingonthestreet.Don’tbelievehim.Healwayslies.lay：laid,laid,Ican’tfindmybookanywhere.IrememberthatIlaiditonthedesklastjoin;joinin;takepartJoin①指加入某組織并成為其中一員。Whendidyourbrotherjointhe②和某人一道做某事，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：joinsb.in(doing)sth.,根據(jù)上下文,in(doing)sth.也可Willyoujoinusinthediscussion?你參加我們的討論嗎?He’lljoinusinsingingthesong.joininComealong,andjoinintheballgame.takepartinWe’lltakepartinsocialpracticeduringthesummer辨析氣候和環(huán)境的變化；turnbecome則強調(diào)職務(wù)、職稱等的變化。如：Thedaysaregettingshorterandshorterinwinter．Shecouldn'tanswerthequestionandherfaceturnedred．她回答不出問題，臉紅了。Whendidyoubecomeateacher?-Tenyearsago.你什么時候當?shù)睦蠋煟渴昵啊?．Ithink… Idon’tthink+eg.Idon’tthinkI’lltakeit. There＋be＋主語＋地點狀語／時間狀 twentygirlsinourclass.havetherebe，haveeg.IhaveaTherebebeThereisarivernearour否：Thereisnotarivernearour問：Istherearivernearour回答：Yes,thereis.No,there劃⑴Howmanyriversaretherenearour⑵What’snearourtherebe結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時，同學(xué)們較難掌握，其正確形式為：thereisgoingtobetherewillbe。反意疑問句的構(gòu)成：Thereisnowaterintheglass,isso,neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句,為了避免和前一句話的內(nèi)容重復(fù)，英語中習(xí)慣用so,neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝So+be／助動詞／情態(tài)動詞+主語．前面陳述的肯定情況也適于另一人（物）時，常用到這種倒Mikehasboughtsomeforeignstamps.SohasBob.=Bobhasbought前面陳述的否定情況也適于另一人（物）時，常用“Neither/Nor+be／YaoMingdidn’ttakepartinthe30thOlympic--NordidDavid.=Daviddidn’ttakepartinthe30thOlympic---Thebookisagood ---Soitis.=Thebookisreallyagood---Tomisalazy ---Soheis.=TomisreallyalazyWouldyouliketodosth.?Letsb.dosth.toDon’tletsb，dosth.，Letsb.notdosth.另外，Let’sLetusWhatabout…?/Howabout…?意為“……怎么樣？”是用來詢問或征求對方的觀點、意見、看法等。aboutV-ingWhynotdosth.?=Whydon’tyoudosthWhydon'tyoucometoschoolalittleearlier?Whynotjoin Shallsb.dosth.?……好嗎?要不要 sb.為第一和第三人稱ShallIturnoffthelightShallhewaitforyouIt’stimetodo…/It’stimeforsth.toforV-ingIt’stimetohavelunch.=It’stimeforIt’s+時間+since動詞過去式.It’stwoweekssincewemetlast.HowlongisitsinceweleftBeijing?自從我們離開北京已有多久了?Ittakessb.sometimetodo =sb.spendsometimeonsth.(in)doingsth.Ittookmehalfanhourtodothework.=Ispenthalfanhourindoingthe8．…think／find+it+adj.+todoeg.IfinditusefultolearnEnglishwell.find+賓語+名詞eg.Ifindhimagoodboy.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他是個好男孩.findeg.Ifindthedooropen/closed.Ifindourbagsfilledwith/fullofpresents.What’swrongWhat’sthematter/troublewith…?What'swrongwithyou?你怎么啦?What'swro