熱點04任務(wù)型閱讀（中國太空計劃勇登珠穆朗瑪峰鄉(xiāng)村振興）2021年中考英語熱點時文重難題型專練（原卷版）

專題04任務(wù)型閱讀2021年中考英語熱點時文重難題型專練A一、閱讀填表請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成信息記錄表，每空一詞。Poverty(貧困)isabigproblemaroundtheworld.ButChinahasdoneagoodjobofdealingwithit.

OnFeb25,PresidentXiJinpingannouncedthatChinahasmadea“pletevictory”initsfightagainstpoverty.PresidentXihonoredrolemodelsandplacesinthefight.Herearethreeofthem.ZhangGuimei,64,PrincipaloftheHuapingSeniorHighSchoolforGirlsinLijiang,YunnanBorninHeilongjiangprovincein1957,ZhangtraveledtoYunnanattheageof17.Shehasbeenhelpinggirlspursue(追求)educationformorethan40years.

Asateacher,Zhangwasheartbrokenwhenshesawherstudentsquitschool(輟學(xué))afterfinishingseniorhighschool.Itwaspossibleformanyofthemtogotocollege.However,theycouldn’tdosobecausetheirfamiliescouldn’taffordit.

Soin2008,Zhangstartedafreeschoolforpoorgirls.Sincethen,Zhanghasbeenbusyaskingfordonationstoprovidemoneyfortheschool.Shehasconvinced(說服)parentstosendtheirdaughtersbacktoschool.Theschoolhassentmorethan1,800studentstouniversitiesandcolleges.MaoXianglin,62,VillageheadofXiazhuangvillage,WushancountyinChongqing

In1997,38yearoldMaostartedtoworkasthePartysecretary(黨支書)ofhisvillage.Aroundthevillageare1,000metertallcliffs(懸崖峭壁),andtherewasonlyonepathwayoutofthevillageformanyyears.Ittookvillagersthreedaystowalktothenearesttown.Maodecidedtobuildaroad.

“Wecan’tstaypoorforever.I’llleadusaswetry,eventhoughitwillbehard,”Maosaid.

Heledmorethan100villagerstobuildtheroadwiththeirhands.Theyhungfromropesandusedhammersanddrills(鉆)tocreatetheroad.Fallingrocksledtothedeathsofsixvillagers.Ittookthemsevenyearstobuildaneightkilometerroad.Buttheirworkhasimprovedpeople’slives.Itnowtakesjustonehourtodrivetothenearesttown.

Maothenencouragedthevillagerstogroworanges.Lastyear,theirorangeyield(產(chǎn)量)wasnearly40tons.Youngpeoplehavereturnedtothevillagetosellorangesonline.Bytheendof2019,269villagershadbeenliftedoutofpoverty.Thepercapitaine(人均收入)reached12,670yuan,40timesmorethaninthe1990s.Minningtown,Yongningcounty,NingxiaHuiautonomousregionHaveyouseenthehitTVseriesMinningTown(《山海情》)?IttellsthestoryofpeoplewhomovefrommountainsinNingxiatobuildnewhomesontheplains(平原)inthe1990s.TheylearntogrowmushroomsfromexpertsfromFujian.SomeofthemgotoFujianfactoriestomakemoney.Intheend,theygetridofpoverty.

Theshowisbasedonatruestory.ItisagoodexampleofChina’s“pairup”practice.In1997,FujianandNingxiapairedupaspartnerstofightpoverty.ThenameMinningesfromtheshortnicknamesforFujian(Min)andNingxia(Ning).Sincetheworkstarted,Fujianhassent183officialsandaround2,000expertsinscienceandtechnology,education,andmedicalcaretoNingxia,accordingtothelocalgovernment.

ThepopulationofMinninggrewfrom8,000to66,000.In2020,thepercapitayearlydisposable(可支配的)ineofitspeoplereachednearly15,000yuan.Modelexamplesinthefightagainst1AchievementsFactsZhangGuimeiShehashelped21800studentsgotouniversitiesandcolleges.Shestarteda3schoolforpoorgirls.

MaoXianglinBytheendof2019,2694hadbeenliftedoutofpoverty.Heledover100villagerstobuilda5.Theyspent6yearsbuildingit.Sixofthemwere7byfallingrocks.Heencouragedthevillagerstogrow8.

MinningtownThe9ofMinninggrewby58,000.

Theineofitspeoplehas

increasedalot.FujianhelpedNingxiafightpovertyby10officialsandexpertstoNingxia.B二、閱讀回答問題PeopleinClifftopVillageMovingtoNewHomesSofar,manypeoplefrompoorareashavebenefitedfromthegovernment’spovertyreliefpolicies(脫貧政策).Aspartofthenation’spovertyreliefprogram,eightytwofamiliesintheclifftopvillageofAtuleerinSichuanarepreparingtomovetonewapartments.“Thegovernmenthasboughtnewfurnitureforeachnewhome.Ournewapartmentshavekitchensandtoiletswithrunningwater.Weonlyneedtotakeclothesandquiltsthere,”Mou’seSubure,ayoungmanfromAtuleersaid.“Weusedtoliveinadobe(土坯)housesandhaveneverseensuchniceapartments.”Thevillageisatthetopofa1,400metercliff.Villagersusedan800meterrattan(藤)ladderswithnorailings(欄桿)toreachthenearestmarketseveralkilometersawayonceaweektosellpeppersandwalnuts,andtobuynecessities.Theladdersweretheironlywaytotheoutsideworld.Thevillagerswereverypoor,withanineofabout3,000yuanperyear.Threeyearsago,thevillagecaughttheattentionofthegovernment.Soonthegovernmentspentonemillionyuanonasteelladderwithahandrailthathascuttraveltimetothenearesttownfromthreehourstoone.Now,atotalof84families—mostofthevillagers—willsettleintheirnewapartments75kmaway.ThemembersoftwofamiliesweresoexcitedabouttheirnewhomesthattheymovedonMonday,onedayaheadofschedule.In2016,anewspaperpublishedsomephotosshowingstudentsclimbingrattanladders,somoreandmoretouristswenttoseetherattanladders.Andsomeeventriedtoclimbthem.Afterthe84familiesmove,Atuleerwillseenewtourismdevelopment.Acablecarwillbeusedtotransporttouriststothevillageandnearbycanyons(峽谷)willbedeveloped.Some30betterofffamilieswillremaininthevillageandworkinthetouristindustry,runningruralinns,showingtouristsaroundandcarryingbagstomakemoney.Shakingoffpovertyisnotthefinishline,butthestartingpointofanewlife.11．Whohasboughtnewfurnitureforeachnewhome?____________________________________________________________________________________________12．Whatkindofhousesdidthevillagersliveinbeforemoving?____________________________________________________________________________________________13．Howmuchdidthegovernmentspendonthesteelladder?____________________________________________________________________________________________14．Whydidmoreandmoretouristsgotoseetherattanladdersonthecliff?____________________________________________________________________________________________15．Whatdoyouthinkofthevillagers’shakingoffpoverty?____________________________________________________________________________________________C熱點素材：珠峰高程測量登山隊成功登頂珠峰（2021原創(chuàng)）Sixtyyearsago,membersofaChinesemount-climbingteamsucceededreachingthetopofMountQomolangmaforthefirsttimefromthenorthside.45yearsago,ChinahasexactlymeasuredtheheightofMountQomolangmaforthefirsttimeintheworld.Sofar,Chinahascarriedoutsixlargesurveying,mappingandscientificresearchesonMountQomolangma.MeasuringMountQomolangmaindifferentwaysindifferentperiodsshowsthehumanspiritoflookingforknowledgeandexploring(探索)nature,andhasbeeanimportantsymbolofhumanunderstandingandunderstandingoftheearth.MountQomolangmaistheresultofthecollision(碰撞引起)betweentheIndianplate(印度板塊)andtheEurasianplate(亞歐板塊).Asthepression(擠壓)keeps,ithasbeenmovingtothenortheastanditsheighthasbeenrising.Therefore,itisnecessarytomeasuretheheightofMountQomolangmaduringeveryperiod.ExactmeasurementofMountQomolangmanotonlyisareflectionofChina’soverallnationalstrength(綜合國力),butalsostandsfortheimageofabigcountry.“ThisisawidesurveyingandmappingprojectthatshowsthedevelopmentlevelofChina’ssurveyingandmappingtechnologyandshowsthehighestlevelofChina’ssurveyingandmappingtechnology.”LiGuopengsaid.Soitisahistoricaltask.It’salsoanimportantnationalactionforChinesesurveyingandmappingworkerstomeasuretheheightofMountQomolangmaagainafter15years.OnMay27,themountaineeringsurveyingteamwasontheirwaytothetopofMountQomolangma.Atabout1:30p.m.June3rd,theysucceededinpletingthesurveyandwerereadytoreturn.16．WhichcountryfirstlyexactlymeasuredtheheightofMountQomolangmaintheworld?____________________________________________________________________________________________17．HowmanymappingandscientificresearcheshasChinacarriedoutonMountQomolangma?____________________________________________________________________________________________18．WhichtwoplatescollidedandformedMountQomolangma?____________________________________________________________________________________________19．WhatdoesthewriterthinkofmeasuringtheheightofMountQomolangma?____________________________________________________________________________________________20．Whendidthemountaineeringsurveyingteamgetreadytoreturn?____________________________________________________________________________________________D三、閱讀補全句子中國的太空計劃About800yearsago,aChinesemannamedWanHumadetheworld’sfirstrocketbutunfortunatelylosthislife.ItwasnotuntilApril24,1970,thatChinalauncheditsfirstsatellite(衛(wèi)星)Dongfanghong-1,whichmadethecountryamodernspace-exploring(太空探索的)nation.Tocelebratethefirstbigsuccessforthecountry'sspacedevelopment.April24isnow,China'sSpaceDay,whichstartedthisyear.WhilecelebratingChinaalsoannounednewexplorationplanstomakeaspacestationandgotoMarsandbeyond.Aspacestationislikeahomeforastronautsinspace.Astronautsliveandworkinaspacestationandspaceshipscanevenparkthere.Chinaplanstofinishbuildingitsspacestationin2022.AccordingtoChina'stopspacescientistZhouJianping.Bythattime,beinganastronautwillbeanormaljobbecausemorespaceexplorationmeansthatastronautsareneededmorethaneverbefore.Theyalsoneedtobeabletofinishmoretasks.“We'vebeenchoosingastronautsmainlyfrompilots.Now,wewillalsopickthemfromengineers,doctorsandspacetechnologyexperts.”AnotherplanisaboutMars.Chinawilllaunchaprobe(探測器)toMarsaround2020.ItwilllandthereandevenbringbackthingsfromtheMarssurface,aplanthatneverhasbeenachievedbyanycountry.“It'ssuchabigplan.”saidZhangRongqiao,chiefdesignerofChina'sMarsplan,“OnlybydoingthiscanChinasayithastrulystartedtheexplorationofdeepspace.Andtheexplorationwillhelpusunderstandhowtheuniversechanges,howlifeesintobeingandthestructureofmatter(物質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)).”21．HowlonghasChinahaditsfirstrocket?Ithasbeen_______________________________________________sincethefirstrocketwasmadebyWanHu.22．WhatmadeourhomelandChinaamodernspace-exploringnation?Thelaunchofits__________________________________________madeChinamodernspace-exploringnation.23．WhydoesChinabegintohaveaSpaceDayfrom2016?Itaimsto_________________________________________________________forChina'sspacedevelopment.24．Whatisaspacestationusedfor?Itislikeahomeforastronautsandaparkinglotfor__________________________________________________.25．HowcanChinasayithastrulystartedtheexplorationofdeepspace?Onlyby______________________________________________________toMarsaround2020canChinasayso.EIstheearththeonlyplanetsuitableforpeopletoliveoninthewholespace?Isthereintelligentlifeonotherplanets?Forcenturies,humanbeingsaretryinghardtofindtheanswerstothesequestions.Recently,Chinahasintroducedanewspaceprograminordertosearchfortheplanetswherelifecanbeprovidedwithwhattheyneedoutsideoursolarsystem(太陽系)TheprogramnamedMiyin(whichmeansvoicesearching)isplannedtostartedaround2030.Itspurposeistofindsomewherethatispossiblysuitableforhumanstolivenearthesystemandexaminehowsuitableitisforhumanstoliveonwiththehelpofthemostdevelopedequipment.Infact,humans’triestofindanotherplanetliketheearthhaveneverstopped.So,whatdoesaplanetsuitableforpeopletoliveonlooklike?Firstofall,theplanetshouldbelocatedarounditsstarinarightarea,neithertoofarnortooclose.Theplanetshouldbemovingattherightdistancefromitsstarsothatit’snottoohotandnottoocoldforwatertostayonthesurface.Insomeway,thestaritselfmayinfluencehowwidetheareais.Thehotterthestaris,thefurtherawayitsrightareabegins,butthewideritcouldbe.Besides,theplanetshouldhavetherightsize.Asmallplanetmayhavelessgravity(引力)whichmakesitdifficulttokeepatmospherearound.Accordingtoscientists,theperfectoneshouldbeearthsized,fullofrocksandlocatedinsideitsstar’srightarea.Althoughwemaystillhavealongwaytogo,wehaveachievedmanyexcitingfindingsanddevelopmentsinsearchingforlivingthingsfromanotherplanet.Forexample,earlierlastyear,China’sChang’e4lunarprobe(月球探測器)achievedthefirstsoftlandingonthefarsideofthemoonandrecordedthepictureofthelunarsurface,discoveringthemysterioussideofthemoon.LookingbackonChina’sunusualachievements,wehaveeveryreasontobelievethattheMiyinProgramwillagainstartanewstoryinthespaceexamination.26．_______27．______28．_______29．_______30．_______31．_______F32．Whatdoesthewritermostlywanttoexpressinhisposter?Hecallson(號召)thereadersto______COVID19.33．Whocreatedthisposterandwhatwasitmadeas?Itwascreatedbyastudentnamed______andmadeashis______34．Whichwordmeans“疫苗”inthepassage?Itis______.35．Whatshouldcountriesdoaccordingtothestudent?Hethinkscountriesshould______.36．WhydidthestudentchoosetheWHO’swordsforhisposter?Hewantedtoletreadersknowthe______ofCOVID19.G四、閱讀匹配配對閱讀。左欄是關(guān)于新型冠狀病毒（thenovelcoronavirus）對兒童的影響的提問，右欄是對應(yīng)的回答。請為左欄的問題選擇相應(yīng)的回答，并將答題上對應(yīng)題目所選的選項涂黑。（有