山東省日照市五蓮縣2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期期中試題含解析

PAGEPAGE25山東省日照市五蓮縣2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatfooddoesthewomansuggest?A.Sandwiches.B.Salads.C.Noodles.2.Whatwillthemandofirstwiththewoman’scar?A.Fillupthetank.B.Washthewindows.C.Checkthetirepressure.3.Whatisthemandoingrightnow?A.Walkingaround.B.WatchingTV.C.Eatingsnacks.4.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Inahospital.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Differentcolors.B.Apicture.C.Someflowers.其次節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Adoctor.B.Anassistant.C.Aprofessor.7.Whenwillthemangotoseethedoctor?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatwillthemandotomorrow?A.Restathome.B.Goshopping.C.Work.9.Whatwillthemanbuy?A.Ahat.B.Anecklace.C.Acoat.10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Motherandson.C.Husbandandwife.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Doingatest.B.Havinganinterview.C.Playingapuzzlegame.12.WhatisJenniferbadat?A.Focusing.B.Dealingwithstress.C.Gettingonwithothers.13.HowdoesJenniferfeelabouttheresult?A.Surprised.B.Disappointed.C.Worried.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whywillthemanmisstheschooldance?A.Hewon’tbeinschool.B.Hedoesn’tlikedancing.C.He’sbusywithotherevents.15.Whenistheseniorpicnic?A.Inaweek.B.Inamonth.C.Intwomonths.16.WhicheventisinJune?A.Thephotoday.B.Thegraduationparty.C.Theawardsceremony.17.Wherewillthewomanbethissummer?A.InBoston.B.InNewYorkCity.C.InWashington,D.C.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketodayinthesoutheastofthecountry?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Dry.19.Whatwillthehighesttemperaturebeinthenorth?A.15degreescentigrade.B.20degreescentigrade.C.23degreescentigrade.20.Whichpartofthecountrywilllikelybesunnytomorrow?A.North.B.Southeast.C.South.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASinceitfirstopenedafterfouryearsofconstructionin1937atacostof$27million，theGoldenGateBridgehasmadeitsappearanceinfilmsandpoetry.CNNTravelspentadayclimbingintoandgroundthebridge，learningthesesecretsfromthepeoplewhoknowandloveitbest.WhyisitcalledtheGoldenGateBridge?It’snotgolden.“TheGoldenGateBridgegetsitsnamebecauseitspanswhatiscalledtheGoldenGateStrait，”saidPaoloCosulich-Schwartz，spokesmanfortheGoldenGateBridge，HighwayandTransportationDistrict，whichoperatesthebridge.It’sathree-mile-longandone-mile-widebodyofwaterthatconnectsthePacificOceantotheSanFranciscoBay.Whatcoloristhebridge?Itlooksred.“It’snotred，althoughyou’renotcrazytothinkso.Visitorsallcallitred，”saidRussell.“Backintheday，theUSNavy，thenpartoftheWarDepartment，oversawthewaterwaysandwantedtopaintthisbridgeblackandyellowforhighvisibility，”saidfellowpainterJarrodBauer.“TheyendedupmixingpainttocreatethecolorInternationalOrange，whichissimilartothecolorofredlead，”hesaid.Doesthebridgegetentirelypaintedeveryyear?No，anditdoesn’tneedtobe.It’struethatthetopcoathasbeenfullyrepaintedovertimewithnewandenvironmentally-improvedInternationalOrangetopcoats.Whoperformsbridgerescues?McVeighandhisfellowironworkers，theso—called“CowboysoftheSky”，havethatresponsibility.McVeighhaslostcountofhowmanytroubledsoulshe’sbeencalledtorescueoverthepast17years.InSeptemberin2024，thebridgestartedconstructingasuicide(自殺)preventionsystem，alsoknownasthesafetynet，tokeeppeoplefromjumpingofftheGoldenGateBridge.It’sexpectedtobecompletedin2024.1.What’sthetruecoloroftheGoldenGateBridge?A.Red. B.Redlead.C.Blackandyellow. D.InternationalOrange.2.WhocanprobablybecalledaheroontheGoldenGateBridge?A.McVeigh. B.JarrodBauer.C.Russell. D.Paolo.3.WhatcanweknowabouttheGoldenGateBridge?A.Itissafernowbecauseofthesafetynet.B.ItgotitsnamebecauseofitscolorC.Ittookmuchtimeandmoneytobebuilt.D.Itneedstoberepaintedonceayear.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了美國金門大橋的狀況，并通過美國有線電視新聞網(wǎng)旅游節(jié)目組的實(shí)地調(diào)查和采訪相關(guān)人員，和讀者共享了一些關(guān)于金門大橋的隱私?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“TheyendedupmixingpainttocreatethecolorInternationalOrange，whichissimilartothecolorofredlead”可知，金門大橋最終被漆成國際橙色，類似于redlead(鉛丹)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段內(nèi)容可知，McVeigh和他的搭檔們始終為大橋上的平安負(fù)責(zé)，在過去的17年里McVeigh也記不清挽救了多少失意想跳橋的人。因此他最有可能被稱為英雄人物。故選A項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的sinceitfirstopenedafterfouryearsofconstrctionin1937atacostof$27million可知，金門大橋歷時(shí)四年建成，耗資2700萬美元。由此可推知，金門大橋花費(fèi)了很多時(shí)間和金錢才建成。故選C項(xiàng)。BIfyouwereaskedtoimagineascientist,whatimagewouldcometoyourmind?Theideathatmostofthekidshaveisamanwearingawhitelabcoatwithmessyhair,bigglasses,andcupsofcolorfulliquidsgivingoffcloudsofsmoke.Asforadults,themajorityregardscientistsasstrangepeoplewhospendalotoftimeworkinginalonelylab.However,therealityisquitedifferent.RecentlyI’vehadachancetotakepartinascientificexperiencefarfrommylabandintoCostaRica.IthasalargeamountofwildlifeduetoitsgeographicalplacementbetweenNorthandSouthAmerica.Itishometomorethan500,000species(物種),whichrepresentsnearly4%ofthespeciesworldwide!Firstweworkedtoprotectwildlifeataleatherbackturtle(棱皮龜)protectioncenter.Wehelpedthevolunteerstoremoverubbishfromthebeachtocreateasafeenvironmentforturtleeggstocomeout.AfterthatwestayedatMountArenalwherewestudiedseismic(地殼的)activityrelatingtoearthquakes.DuringourstayatArenal,werodeoverthemountainousareasandtookalongwalkthroughtherainforest.Onthelastdaywegotaprofessionalintroductionofrocket(火箭)scienceandlearnedaboutnewrockettechnologythatwillbeusedontheinternationalspacestation.DuringmyCostaRicaexperience,Iknowthatbeingascientistdoesn’tmeanworkinginalaballdayandnight.Ascientististheonewholoveslearningandgettingabetterunderstandingoftheworldfromhelpingprotectwildlife,learningaboutearthquakesorinventingrockets.Ithinkthatscienceissomuchmorethanwearingalabcoatandmixingchemicals.Kidsneedtobeawareoftheexcitementandadventuressciencecanbring!4.AccordingtoParagraph1,scientistsareoftenbelieved________.A.todoexperimentsinmessylabs B.tospendtoomuchtimeinlabsC.towearclothesinadifferentway D.toworkindangerousconditions5.InCostaRica，theauthor________.A.experiencedanearthquake B.tookpartinrocketexperimentsC.pickeduprubbishonthebeach D.helpedthevolunteerscollectturtleeggs6.Whatdoestheauthorlearnaboutsciencefromhisexperience?A.Scienceisfullofboringexperiments.B.Scienceisrelatedtochemicalliquids.C.Scienceismorethanworkinginalab.D.Scienceisaboutwildlifeandearthquakes.7.Whatisthebesttideforthepassage?A.WhataScientistIsLike B.WhereaScientistWorksC.HowITraveledinCostaRica D.WhyIChosetoStudyScience【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，幫助人們尤其是孩子們消退對科學(xué)家的固有印象，讓人們了解科學(xué)家原委是什么樣的人?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Asforadults,themajorityregardscientistsasstrangepeoplewhospendalotoftimeworkinginalonelylab.(對于成年人來說，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為科學(xué)家是驚奇的人，他們花很多時(shí)間在一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的試驗(yàn)室里工作。)”可知，人們認(rèn)為科學(xué)家都花太多時(shí)間在試驗(yàn)室里。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Wehelpedthevolunteerstoremoverubbishfromthebeachtocreateasafeenvironmentforturtleeggstocomeout.(我們幫助志愿者清除海灘上的垃圾，為海龜?shù)暗姆趸瘎?chuàng)建一個(gè)平安的環(huán)境。)”可知，作者在哥斯達(dá)黎加的海灘幫助清除垃圾。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段“DuringmyCostaRicaexperience,Iknowthatbeing

a

scientist

doesn’tmeanworkingin

a

laballdayandnight.(在我在哥斯達(dá)黎加的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中，我知道作為一名科學(xué)家并不意味著要在試驗(yàn)室里日夜工作。)”可知，作者從他的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中相識到，科學(xué)不僅僅是在試驗(yàn)室里工作。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyouwereaskedtoimagineascientist,whatimagewouldcometoyourmind?(假如讓你想象一個(gè)科學(xué)家，你會想到什么形象?)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，作者通過自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，幫助人們尤其是孩子們消退對科學(xué)家的固有印象，讓人們了解科學(xué)家原委是什么樣的人。所以用“WhataScientistIsLike(科學(xué)家是什么樣的人)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】考查閱讀理解選擇最佳標(biāo)題時(shí)，須要留意解除肯定化或片面的選項(xiàng)，要放眼全文，從首段和末段找尋文章的主旨大意。小題4就是依據(jù)文章首段第一句文章第一段“Ifyouwereaskedtoimagineascientist,whatimagewouldcometoyourmind?(假如讓你想象一個(gè)科學(xué)家，你會想到什么形象?)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，作者通過自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，幫助人們尤其是孩子們消退對科學(xué)家的固有印象，讓人們了解科學(xué)家原委是什么樣的人，從而概括出標(biāo)題。CSamisafourth-yearstudentatHarvardMedicalSchool，butpoetryisstillabigpartofhislife，nowwithanewteacher，RafaelCampo，whobelievespoetrycanbenefiteverydoctor’seducationandwork.Rafaelisaphysician，professorandahighlyrespectedpoet.“Poetryisineveryencounter(邂逅)withmypatients.Ithinkhealingisreallyinaverygreatwayaboutpoetry.Andifwedoanythingwhenwe’rewithourpatients，we’rereallyimmersing(使沉醉于)ourselvesintheirstories，reallyhearingtheirvoices.And，certainly，that’swhatapoemdoes，”hesaid.Rafaelworriesthatsomethingimportanthasbeenlostinmedicineandmedicaleducationtoday：humanity，whichhefindsinpoetry.Toendthat，heleadsaweeklyreadingandwritingworkshopformedicalstudentsandresidents(住院醫(yī)生).Hethinksmedicaltrainingfocusestoomuchondistancingthedoctorfromhisorherpatients，andpoemscanhelpclosethatgap.Third-yearresidentAndreaSchwartzwasoneoftheworkshopregulars.Shesaid.“Ithinkthere’snootherprofessionotherthanmedicinethatproducesasmanywritersasitdoes.AndIthinkthatisbecausethere’sjustsomuchpowerindoctorsandpatientsinteractingwhenpatientsareattheirsaddest.”Noteveryonebelievesthat’swhatdoctorsshoulddo，though.Rafaelsaid，“Iwasafraidofhowpeoplemightjudgeme，actually.Inthemedicalprofession，asmanypeopleknow，wemustalwaysputtheemergencyfirst.But，youknow，thatkindoftreatment，ifit’shappeninginthehospital，veryregrettably，sadly，resultsinabadoutcome.Thefamilyissittingbythebedside.Thepatienthasn’tsurvivedthecancer.Don’twestillhavearoleashealersthere?”Inapoemtitled“Health”，Rafaelwritesofthewishtoliveforeverinaworldmadepainlessbyourincurablejoy.Hesayshewillcontinueteachingstudents，helpingpatientsandwritingpoems，hisownbrandofmedicine.8.WhatdoweknowaboutRafaelCampo?A.Heworksasadoctor. B.Heisundermedicalcare.C.Heisaliteratureprofessor. D.Heknowslittleaboutpoetry.9.WhatdoestheauthortrytoshowinParagraph2?A.Theimportanceofmedicaltraining.B.Theeffectofpoetryinmedicaltreatment.C.Thesimilarityinvolvedinpoetryandmedicalwork.D.Thepresentrelationshipbetweenpatientsanddoctors.10.WhatdoesAndreaSchwaflzthinkofpoetry?A.Itcomfortspatients’family.B.Itcontributestomedicalwork.C.Ithasnothingtodowithdoctors.D.Itkeepsdoctorsawayfrompatients.11.WhatisRafaelCampo’sviewonpoetry?A.Itrequiresalotofsparetime.B.Itcanprovideausefultoolfordoctors.C.Ithaslittleeffectonpatients’conditions.D.Itshouldbeincludedinemergencytreatments.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.B【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。詩歌不只是文人墨客的專屬，它還為前赴后繼的醫(yī)護(hù)人員帶來內(nèi)心的安慰，它是醫(yī)護(hù)工作中的潤滑劑，是治愈傷痛的“良藥”?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Rafaelisaphysician”可知，RafaelCampo是一名醫(yī)生。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Poetryisineveryencounter(邂逅)withmypatients(詩歌存在于我和病人的每一個(gè)邂逅中)”和“that’swhatapoemdoes”由此推斷出，作者想通過其次段表達(dá)詩歌和醫(yī)護(hù)工作的相通之處。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“AndIthinkthatisbecausethere’sjustsomuchpowerindoctorsandpatientsinteracting”可知，AndreaSchwartz認(rèn)為詩歌有助于醫(yī)生和病人之間的互動，醫(yī)生和病患關(guān)系緊密就有助于醫(yī)療效果，由此推斷出，AndreaSchwanz認(rèn)為詩歌有利于醫(yī)療工作。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“RafaelCampo,whobelievespoetrycanbenefiteverydoctor’seducationandworkRafaelCampo(RafaelCampo認(rèn)為詩歌可以讓每個(gè)醫(yī)生的教化和工作受益)”及最終一段中的“Hesayshewillcontinueteachingstudents,helpingpatientsandwritingpoems,hisownbrandofmedicine.(他說他會接著教學(xué)生，幫助病人并寫詩歌，詩歌是他自己的醫(yī)藥品牌。)”由此推斷出，RafaelCampo認(rèn)為詩歌對醫(yī)生來說是一個(gè)有用的工具。故選B項(xiàng)。DConvincingsomeonetochangetheirmindisreallytheprocessofconvincingthemtochangetheirtribe(部落).Iftheyabandontheirbeliefs,theyruntheriskoflosingsocialties.Youcan’texpectsomeonetochangetheirmindifyoutakeawaytheircommunitytoo.Thewaytochangepeople’smindsistobecomefriendswiththem,tocombinethemintoyourtribe,tobringthemintoyourcircle.Now,theycanchangetheirbeliefswithouttheriskofbeingabandonedsocially.TheBritishphilosopherAlaindeBottonsuggeststhatwesimplysharemealswiththosewhodisagreewithus:“Sittingdownatatablewithagroupofstrangershastheincomparableandoddbenefitofmakingitalittlemoredifficulttohatethemwithoutpunishment.Prejudiceandconflictbetweengroupsofpeoplefromdifferentnationsorracesfeedoffabstraction.However,duringameal,somethingabouthandingdishesaround,unfoldingnapkins(餐巾紙)atthesamemoment,evenaskingastrangertopassthesaltmakesuslesslikelytoholdthebeliefthattheoutsiderswhowearunusualclothesandspeakindistinctiveaccentsdeservetobesenthomeorattacked.Forallthelarge-scalepoliticalsolutionswhichhavebeenproposedtoeaseracialorculturalconflict,therearefewmoreeffectivewaystopromotetolerancebetweensuspiciousneighboursthantoforcethemtoeatsuppertogether.”Perhapsitisnotdifference,butdistancethatproducestribalismandunfriendliness.Asproximityincreases,sodoesunderstanding.IamremindedofAbrahamLincoln’squote,“Idon’tlikethatman.Imustgettoknowhimbetter.”Factsdon’tchangeourminds.Friendshipdoes.TheJapanesewriterHarukiMurakamioncewrote,“Alwaysrememberthattoargue,andwin,istobreakdowntherealityofthepersonyouarearguingagainst.Itispainfultoloseyourreality,sobekind,evenifyouareright.”Whenweareinthemoment,wecaneasilyforgetthatthegoalistoconnectwiththeotherside,cooperatewiththem,befriendthem,andintegratethemintoourtribe.Wearesocaughtupinwinningthatweforgetaboutconnecting.It’seasytospendyourenergylabelingpeopleratherthanworkingwiththem.Theword“kind(familyandrelatives)”originatedfromtheword“kin(oldfashionoffamilyandrelatives).”Whenyouarekindtosomeone,itmeansyouaretreatingthemlikefamily.This,Ithink,isagoodmethodforactuallychangingsomeone’smind.Developafriendship.Shareameal.Giftabook.Bekindfirst,berightlater.12.Peoplearelikelytochangetheirmindwhenthey_____.A.changetheirbeliefs B.aremadefriendswithC.movetoanewcommunity D.aregivensomewheretogo13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“proximity”inparagraph4mean?A.Nearness. B.Action. C.Communication. D.Politeness.14TheauthorquotesfromHarukiMurakamitoimplythat_____.A.breakingdownone’srealityiseasyB.kindnessismoreimportantthanrightC.arguingandwinningarenotimportantD.losingone’sidentityisapainfulprocess15.Accordingtothepassage,sharingmealsiseffectiveinbuildingconnectionsbecauseit____.A.pleasespeoplewithdifferentbeliefsoraccentsB.makespeoplefocusoneatingratherthanconflictsC.bringsbenefitstothepeoplehavingdinnertogetherD.promotesunderstandingandtoleranceamongpeople【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇爭論文。變更別人想法并不簡單，其方法就是和他們成為摯友。距離產(chǎn)生隔閡，共同進(jìn)餐更能促進(jìn)了人們之間的理解和寬容?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Thewaytochangepeople’smindsistobecomefriendswiththem,tocombinethemintoyourtribe,tobringthemintoyourcircle.(變更別人想法的方法就是和他們成為摯友，把他們?nèi)谌肽愕牟柯洌阉麄儙肽愕娜ψ?”可知，只有成為摯友之后，人們才有可能變更想法。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)文章第四段“Perhapsitisnotdifference,butdistancethatproducestribalismandunfriendliness.(或許并不是差異，而是距離造成了部落主義和不友好。)”和“IamremindedofAbrahamLincoln’squote,“Idon’tlikethatman.Imustgettoknowhimbetter.”(我想起亞伯拉罕·林肯的名言，“我不喜愛那個(gè)人。我必需更好地了解他?！?”可知，距離造成了隔閡，只有接近增加，理解才能增加。從而揣測proximity為“接近”之意。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段“TheJapanesewriterHarukiMurakamioncewrote,“Alwaysrememberthattoargue,andwin,istobreakdowntherealityofthepersonyouarearguingagainst.Itispainfultoloseyourreality,sobekind,evenifyouareright.”(日本作家村上春樹曾寫道：“恒久記住，要想辯論并取得成功，就必需打破你所反對的人的現(xiàn)實(shí)。失去現(xiàn)實(shí)是苦痛的，所以要和善，即使你是對的?！?”可推斷，作者引用了村上春樹的話來示意和善比正確更重要。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三段“However,duringameal,somethingabouthandingdishesaround,unfoldingnapkins(餐巾紙)atthesamemoment,evenaskingastrangertopassthesaltmakesuslesslikelytoholdthebeliefthattheoutsiderswhowearunusualclothesandspeakindistinctiveaccentsdeservetobesenthomeorattacked.(然而，在吃飯時(shí)，分發(fā)盤子，同時(shí)打開餐巾紙，甚至請生疏人遞鹽的做法，會讓我們不太可能認(rèn)為，穿著不尋常的衣服，說話有獨(dú)特腔調(diào)的外人應(yīng)當(dāng)被送回家或攻擊)”和最終一段“This,Ithink,isagoodmethodforactuallychangingsomeone’smind.Developafriendship.Shareameal.Giftabook.Bekindfirst,berightlater.(我認(rèn)為，這是一個(gè)真正變更別人想法的好方法。建立友情。共享一頓飯。贈送一本書。先和善，后正確)”可推斷，共享食物對于建立聯(lián)系是有效的，因?yàn)樗龠M(jìn)了人們之間的理解和寬容。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】閱讀理解通常都會出現(xiàn)詞義揣測題。設(shè)題時(shí)，常會考查生詞或短語的詞義推斷題，要求考生從上下文理解中概括誕生詞或短語的詞義?？忌鞔祟愵}型時(shí)，首先要找到所揣測詞所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基礎(chǔ)之上，對此詞前后句反復(fù)研讀，最終依據(jù)前后句揣測出詞義。例如小題2要求揣測出proximity的含義，就是依據(jù)文章第四段“Perhapsitisnotdifference,butdistancethatproducestribalismandunfriendliness.(或許并不是差異，而是距離造成了部落主義和不友好)”和“IamremindedofAbrahamLincoln’squote,“Idon’tlikethatman.Imustgettoknowhimbetter.”(我想起亞伯拉罕·林肯的名言，“我不喜愛那個(gè)人。我必需更好地了解他?！?”可知，距離造成了隔閡，只有接近增加，理解才能增加。從而揣測proximity為“接近”之意。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youputagreatdealofeffortintoreachingcollegeofyourdreams.It’stimetogetstarted.Butwhat’snext?Thebeginningofcollegelifecanbeanexcitingbutawkwardtime.Followthesetipstoadapttoyournewliferapidlyandmakethemostofyourcollegeexperience.Tosavetimeandmoney,usethecollege’sbussystem.Takingthebustoschoolisquick,easyandfreeinmostcollegetowns.___16___It’salsoagoodwaytobeenvironmentallyaware.___17___Youmightnotevenneedalloftherecommendedbooks.Newtextbookscostalot.Trybuyingusedtextbooks-it’sagoodwaytosavemoneyandservethepurposeaswell.Neverlookoncollegelifeasendlesspartiesandsocialactivities.Thereisawholelotmoretocollegeifyou’reseriousaboutgraduating.___18___Beawarethatyourlivingenvironmentcanlargelyaffectyourstudies.Ifthedorm(寢室)doesn’tsuityou,considerlivingathomewithyourfamilyorrentingyourownapartment.___19___Findaquietarea,likethelibrary,tostudy.Alternatively,buysomeheadphonesthatblockoutnoise.___20___Makehealthyfoodchoicesandwatchwhatyoueat.Avoidthefoodsthatareprocessedorhighinsugar.The“freshman15”isreal,whichreferstomanycollegestudentsgainatleast15poundsduringthefreshmanyear.Whileelectives(選修課程)canbehelpfulwhenyoufigureoutyourmajor,youshouldn’tentirelyrelyonthem.Clubsandotherorganizationsexistaround.Getinvolved.Makesure,though,thatyoustillhavetimetostudy.Havingtoomuchonyourplatecanhurtyourgrades.A.Bemindfulofyourdiet.B.Takerelaxedattitudestoyourdiet.C.Don’ttakepartintoomanyafter-classactivities.D.Savepenniesonbooksbywaitinguntilclassstarts.E.Youwon’thavetolocateoraffordaplacetoparkeither.F.Thebestlocationforyourstudiesisn’talwaysyourdorm.G.Havingagoodcollegeexperienceisallaboutbalancingstudyandfun.【答案】16.E17.D18.G19.F20.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。高校生活的起先可能是一段令人興奮但又尷尬的時(shí)間。文章介紹了給出了一些建議，以盡快適應(yīng)高校生活并充分利用在高校的這段經(jīng)驗(yàn)。【16題詳解】依據(jù)上文Tosavetimeandmoney,usethecollege’sbussystem.Takingthebustoschoolisquick,easyandfreeinmostcollegetowns.可知為了節(jié)約時(shí)間和金錢，運(yùn)用學(xué)校的公交系統(tǒng)。在大多數(shù)高校城，乘公共汽車上學(xué)又快又便利，而且是免費(fèi)的。結(jié)合后文It’salsoagoodwaytobeenvironmentallyaware.可知這也是一個(gè)環(huán)保意識的好方法。由此可知，本句是在說明乘坐校車的好處。E選項(xiàng)“你也不必找到或負(fù)擔(dān)得起停車的地方”最符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)后文Youmightnotevenneedalloftherecommendedbooks.Newtextbookscostalot.Trybuyingusedtextbooks-it’sagoodwaytosavemoneyandservethepurposeaswell.可知你甚至可能不須要全部舉薦的書籍。買新課本要花很多錢。試著買二手課本——這是省錢的好方法，同時(shí)也能達(dá)到這個(gè)目的。由此可知，本句是在舉薦等到上課的時(shí)候再買須要的數(shù)。D項(xiàng)中的Savepennies與下文中的“agoodwaytosavemoney”相對應(yīng)。故D選項(xiàng)“為了省下買書的錢，等到上課的時(shí)候再買”符合上下文語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)上文Neverlookoncollegelifeasendlesspartiesandsocialactivities.Thereisawholelotmoretocollegeifyou’reseriousaboutgraduating.可知不要把高校生活看成是無休止的聚會和社交活動。假如你真的想畢業(yè)的話，高校還有很多東西值得你去學(xué)習(xí)。由此可知，要想有美妙的高校經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)憔鸵胶鈱W(xué)習(xí)和消遣。fun與上文中的“partiesandsocialactivities”相呼應(yīng)。故G選項(xiàng)“有一個(gè)好的高校經(jīng)驗(yàn)就是平衡學(xué)習(xí)和樂趣”符合上下文語境，故選G。【19題詳解】依據(jù)后文Findaquietarea,likethelibrary,tostudy.可知找一個(gè)寧靜的地方，比如圖書館，來學(xué)習(xí)。由此可知，本句是在說明學(xué)習(xí)的地點(diǎn)。故F項(xiàng)“最好的學(xué)習(xí)地點(diǎn)未必總是寢室”符合上下文語境。故選F。【20題詳解】依據(jù)下文Makehealthyfoodchoicesandwatchwhatyoueat.Avoidthefoodsthatareprocessedorhighinsugar.可知選擇健康的食物，留意你的飲食。不要吃加工過的或含糖量高的食物。由此可知，本段是在說明高校新生應(yīng)留意健康飲食，避開體重大幅增長。故A選項(xiàng)“留意你的飲食”符合上下文語境，故選A。第三部分語言學(xué)問運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ScientistsinNorwayhavesomegoodnewsforcoffeedrinkers.Researchershavealreadyfoundevidencethatthedrinkorthebeanscanhelpwithweightloss,___21___one’sriskofdevelopingsomediseases,promotemusclegrowth,protectagainstcertaintypesofcancersandcanevenreduceone’sriskofpremature(早于預(yù)期的)death,amongmanyother___22___.Nowitissaidthatacupof___23___reducesphysicalpain.Thesurprisingfindingis___24___astudyinvolving48volunteerswhoagreedtospend90minutesperformingcomputertasksmeanttofinishofficework.Thetaskswereknownto___25___painintheshoulders,neck,forearmsandwrists.Theresearcherswantedto___26___howpeoplewithpainandthosewhowerepain-freetolerated(忍受)thepainofsuchtasks.Asamatterofconvenience,thescientistsallowedpeopletodrinkcoffeebeforetakingthetest“toavoid___27___effectsofcaffeinelack,e.g.decreasedvigor,sleepiness,andexhaustion.”theyreported.Whenitcametimetoanalyzethedata,theresearchersfromNorway’sNationalInstituteofOccupationalHealthandOsloUniversityHospitalnoticedthatthe19peoplewhodrankcoffeereporteda___28___intensity(強(qiáng)度)ofpainthanthe29peoplewhodidn’t.Intheshouldersandneck,___29___theaveragepainwasrated41(ona100-pointscale)amongthecoffeedrinkersand55forthenon-coffeedrinkers.Similargapswerefoundforallpainsitesmeasured,andcoffee’sobviouspain-reductioneffect___30___.However,theauthorsofthestudy,whichwaspublishedthisweekinthejournal,BMCResearchNotes,warnthattheresultsofthestudycomewithmany___31___.Forstarters,theresearchersdon’tknowhowmuchcoffeethecoffeedrinkersconsumed(消耗)beforetakingthecomputertests.___32___,theydoubtwhetherthecoffeedrinkersandnon-coffeedrinkerswere___33___inallaspectsexceptfortheircoffeeconsumption.Problemslikethesetendto___34___theimportanceofthefindings.Butthosedoubtsare___35___totroublethecoffeedrinkerslookingforanyreasonnottocutbackontheirdailycaffeinehabit.21.A.take B.reduce C.increase D.face22.A.trends B.advice C.benefits D.promotions23.A.milk B.water C.coke D.coffee24.A.basedon B.fondof C.differentfrom D.regardedas25.A.cause B.indicate C.ease D.relieve26.A.warn B.compare C.cure D.treat27.A.unpleasant B.modest C.significant D.positive28.A.lower B.higher C.shorter D.longer29.A.inaddition B.asaresult C.forexample D.inoneword30.A.turnedup B.tookup C.putup D.gaveup31.A.satisfaction B.uncertainties C.attention D.response32.A.Moreover B.However C.Otherwise D.Nevertheless33.A.guilty B.similar C.different D.proper34.A.realize B.observe C.measure D.weaken35.A.unlikely B.orderly C.jealous D.capable【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.A26.B27.A28.A29.C30.A31.B32.A33.B34.D35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。探討人員發(fā)覺咖啡這種飲料或咖啡豆有助于減肥，降低患某些疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，促進(jìn)肌肉生長，預(yù)防某些類型的癌癥，甚至可以降低過早死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，還有很多其他好處。同時(shí)文章說明白這項(xiàng)探討的過程以及探討結(jié)果，然而這項(xiàng)探討的作者警告說探討仍有很多不確定性?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：探討人員已經(jīng)發(fā)覺證據(jù)表明，這種飲料或豆類有助于減肥，削減患某些疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，促進(jìn)肌肉生長，預(yù)防某些類型的癌癥，甚至可以降低過早死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，還有很多其他好處。A.take帶走；B.reduce削減；C.increase增加；D.face面對。結(jié)合下文promotemusclegrowth,protectagainstcertaintypesofcancersandcanevenreduceone’sriskofprematuredeath可知是這種飲料的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，故此處指削減患某些疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：探討人員已經(jīng)發(fā)覺證據(jù)表明，這種飲料或豆類有助于減肥，降低患某些疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，促進(jìn)肌肉生長，預(yù)防某些類型的癌癥，甚至可以降低過早死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，還有很多其他好處。A.trends趨勢；B.advice建議；C.benefits好處；D.promotions升職。結(jié)合上文promotemusclegrowth,protectagainstcertaintypesofcancersandcanevenreduceone’sriskofprematuredeath可知是這種飲料的優(yōu)點(diǎn)好處，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在據(jù)說一杯咖啡可以減輕身體的難受。A.milk牛奶；B.water水；C.coke可樂；D.coffee咖啡。依據(jù)上文ScientistsinNorwayhavesomegoodnewsforcoffeedrinkers.可知是咖啡。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：這一驚人的發(fā)覺是基于一項(xiàng)涉及48名志愿者的探討，他們同意花90分鐘執(zhí)行電腦任務(wù)來完成辦公室工作。A.basedon基于；B.fondof喜愛；C.differentfrom不同于；D.regardedas認(rèn)為是。結(jié)合下文astudyinvolving48volunteerswhoagreedtospend90minutesperformingcomputertasksmeanttofinishofficework.可知此處指這項(xiàng)發(fā)覺是基于一項(xiàng)探討。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些任務(wù)會造成肩膀、頸項(xiàng)、前臂和手腕難受。A.cause造成；B.indicate表明；C.ease緩解；D.relieve解除。結(jié)合下文painintheshoulders,neck,forearmsandwrists可知這些任務(wù)會造成肩膀、頸項(xiàng)、前臂和手腕難受。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：探討人員想要比較有難受感的人和那些沒有難受感的人是如何忍受這類任務(wù)的難受的。A.warn警告；B.compare比較；C.cure治愈；D.treat對待。結(jié)合下文howpeoplewithpainandthosewhowerepain-freetoleratedthepainofsuchtasks可知是將有難受感的人和那些沒有難受感的人進(jìn)行比較。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為了便利起見，科學(xué)家們允許人們在測試前喝咖啡，“以避開咖啡因缺乏的不良影響，如活力下降、嗜睡和乏累?！盇.unpleasant不開心的；B.modest虛心的；C.significant意義重大的；D.positive主動的。結(jié)合下文decreasedvigor,sleepiness,andexhaustion可知活力下降、嗜睡和乏累都是不良影響。unpleasanteffects“不良影響”。故選A。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：職業(yè)健康和奧斯陸高校醫(yī)院留意到，喝咖啡的19名受試者報(bào)告的難受強(qiáng)度低于不喝咖啡的29名受試者。A.lower更低的；B.higher更高的；C.shorter更短的；D.longer更長的。結(jié)合下文averagepainwasrated41(ona100-pointscale)amongthecoffeedrinkersand55forthenon-coffeedrinkers可知喝咖啡的19名受試者報(bào)告的難受強(qiáng)度低于不喝咖啡的29名受試者。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：例如，在肩部和頸部，喝咖啡的人的平均難受程度為41分(滿分100分)，而不喝咖啡的人為55分。A.inaddition此外；B.asaresult結(jié)果；C.forexample例如；D.inoneword總之。結(jié)合上文可知測試的身體部位有肩膀、頸項(xiàng)、前臂和手腕，此處只列舉了肩部和頸部作為例子，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在全部測量的痛覺部位都發(fā)覺了類似的差異，結(jié)果發(fā)覺咖啡有明顯的止痛效果。A.turnedup出現(xiàn)；B.tookup接受；C.putup供應(yīng)；D.gaveup放棄。結(jié)合上文可知測試中都表現(xiàn)出了咖啡的止痛效果，故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，本周發(fā)表在BMCResearchNotes雜志上的這項(xiàng)探討的作者警告說，這項(xiàng)探討的結(jié)果存在很多不確定性。A.satisfaction滿意；B.uncertainties不確定性；C.attention留意；D.response響應(yīng)。結(jié)合下文Forstarters,theresearchersdon’tknowhowmuchcoffeethecoffeedrinkersconsumedbeforetakingthecomputertests.可知探討人員不知道喝咖啡的人在接受電腦測試前喝了多少咖啡，故這項(xiàng)探討的結(jié)果存在很多不確定性。故選B。【32題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：此外，他們懷疑喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人除了喝咖啡外，其他各方面是否相像。A.Moreover此外；B.However然而；C.Ot