河南省普通高中畢業(yè)班2024屆高考適應(yīng)性測(cè)試英語(yǔ)含答案

絕密★啟用前2024年河南省普通高中畢業(yè)班高考適應(yīng)性測(cè)試英語(yǔ)（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whatsizejacketdoesthemanwant?A．8． B．10． C．12．2．Whatisprobablythewoman?A．Anewsreporter． B．Acardriver． C．Afireofficer．3．Howdoesthewomansound?A．Stressed． B．Satisfied． C．Positive．4．Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A．Raisingmoney． B．Savingenergy． C．Protectingtheenvironment．5．Wheredidthewomanspendherholiday?A．InItaly． B．InFrance． C．InAustralia．第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whydoesthemangiveupholdingaparty?A．Hisfriendshavenotimetoattendit．B．Heisbusyfinishingtheterm’swork．C．Hewantstospendmoretimewithparents．7．Whatwillthemandoonhisbirthday?A．Seeafilm． B．Makedonations． C．Buylearningtools．聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．WhatsubjectdoesWilliamfindhard?A．Maths． B．Physics． C．Chemistry．9．WhatdoesWilliamthinkofMike?A．Strange． B．Honest． C．Friendly．10．WhatwillWilliamdonext?A．Swim． B．Playbasketball． C．DoTaiChi．聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Whatisareasonforthewomantochangehercomputer?A．Itisnotfashionable． B．Itmakesnoise．C．Itdoesn’tworkwell．12．Wheredidthemanbuyhiscomputer?A．OntheInternet． B．Atalocalstore． C．Inasupermarket．13．What’sthewoman’sworryaboutbuyingacomputerontheInternet?A．Thequality． B．Theprice． C．Theservice．聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Friends． B．Husbandandwife． C．Teacherandstudent．15．Whycan’tthemanpickhisauntup?A．Heisbusywithwork．B．Heispreparingdinner．C．Heisinanothercity．16．WherewillthewomantakeAuntLucyaftershepicksnerup?A．Totheman’scompany．B．Totheman’shome．C．Totherestaurant．17．Whatwillthespeakersdothisevening?A．Havearest． B．Completetasks． C．Havedinner．聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A．Campleaders． B．Kids’parents． C．Childcampers．19．Whendoesthefirstactivitysessionstart?A．At7:00am． B．At9:00am． C．At10:30am．20．Whyarethelistenersaskedtobeonduty?A．Towakeupthechildrenontime．B．Tospendsometimewithchildren．C．Tohelpthechildrenwhennecessary．第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAsanygardenerknows,naturedoesn’tneedmuchspacetogrowstrongandhealthy—giveheraninch,andshe’lltakeamile!Herearefourimpressiveexamplesofnaturereclaiming(開發(fā)利用)ourworldforitselfwithamazingresults．Houtouwan,ChinaItliesontheislandofShengshanTownonthefurthermostedgeofagroupofislands．Theonlywaytogetthereisbyprivateboat,orbybus,andthenbyship．Itsisolation(隔絕)wasoneoftheprimefactorsleadingtotheabandonmentofthevillageinthe1990s．Now,itswallsandstreetsbecomegreenwithovergrowth．Spreepark,GermanySpreeparkwasclosedin2001andthelocalplantlifesoongottowork．Structuresinusesincetheparkoriginallyopenedin1969werequicklycoveredbyleaves．Now,aninitiativeaimstobringthesitebacktolife．VallonedeiMulini,ItalyItshighhumidity(濕度)encouragedamicroclimateperfectforplantgrowth．Astheabandonedbuildingsfellapart,theruinsandtheirsurroundingsbecamecompletelyovergrown．Photographstakenofthesitein2006wentwidespreadonline．BengMealea,CambodiaThoughconstructedaround900yearsago,thisgrandtempleisfarlessfrequentedthanitsmorefamousneighbour,AngkorWat．In2020,itwassubmittedforconsiderationasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite．Naturaldecline,amongotherfactors,hascausedseriousdamagetothesite,allowingthesurroundingjungletooverrunandcombinewithit．21．WhatmainlycausedHoutouwan’sabandonment?A．Itswetclimate． B．Theovergrowthofplants．C．Itsseparatelocation． D．Theagingofwallsandstreets．22．Whichplaceoncebecamepopularonline?A．Houtouwan． B．Spreepark．C．VallonedeiMulini． D．BengMealea．23．Whatfeaturedothefourplacesshare?A．TheyareWorldHeritageSites． B．Theyarebeingtakenbackbynature．C．Theyarenearly1,000yearsold． D．Theyareregainingtheiroriginalstate．BWhileclimbingtheGreatWallisaonce-in-a-lifetimedreamformany,JimSpearhastakenitastepfurther,spendingthelast18yearsasavillagerresidingbeneaththisancientwonder．“NeverdidIdreamIwouldhavethechancetovisittheGreatWall,letaloneliveunderit,”said68-year-oldSpear,aself-taughtarchitectfromtheUnitedStates．Spear’sinterestinChinabeganduringhiscollegedays．ItdeepenedwhenhemetTang,aChinesegirl,in1980,andtheygotmarriedtwoyearslater．In1986,hedecidedtodropoutofhisdoctoralstudiesinChinesepoliticsattheUniversityofCaliforniaandmovedtoChina“togettotheheartofthings”．“IrealizedthatifIbecameascholarofChina,basedoverseas,Iwouldn’tbeabletoexperiencewhatwashappeninginChina,”Spearsaid．In1995,thecouplesecuredalong-termrentofatraditionalvillagefarmhouseinMutianyuanddecidedtomakeittheirfull-timehometenyearslater．Shortlyafterpossessingfull-timevillagelife,herentedanabandonedschoolhouseandtransformeditintoarestaurantandartglassfactoryforasustainabletourismbusiness．Healsoturnedaformerfactoryintoahotelandhelpedrenovate(翻新)over20householdsintorestaurants．Besides,heexploredotherwaystosupportthoseresidentsinruralareas．“Iwanttodosomethingforthem,”Spearsaid．Spear’sdesignsreflecthisnaturaltalentforfusing(融合)traditionalandmodernelements,adoptingtheGreatWallstyle．However,Spearemphasizedhisapproachinvolvescreatingdesignsandviews“thatecho(呼應(yīng))theGreatWall,notcopyit”．In2014,SpearreceivedtheGreatWallFriendshipAwardfromtheBeijinggovernment．Talkingaboutthefuture,SpearseesabundantpossibilitiesinChina,drivenbysignificantdomesticdemandandagrowingemphasisonpreservinghistoricstructures．24．WhatdoweknowaboutSpearfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．HelikestoclimbtheGreatWall．B．HecametoChinawhenhewas18．C．Heoncedreamedofbecomingavillager．D．HehaslivedbeneaththeGreatWallforyears．25．What’sSpear’spurposeofmovingtoChinawhenhewasincollege?A．ToseearealChina． B．TomarryaChinesegirl．C．Toworkasanarchitect． D．TostudyChinesepolitics．26．WhatisspecialaboutSpear’sdesigns?A．Theyareinspiredbyruralresidents．B．TheycopythestyleoftheGreatWall．C．Theyhavereceivedaworld-wideprize．D．Theyconnectthepastwiththepresent．27．WhatwillSpearpossiblyplantodointhefuture?A．Continuetoengageinculturalexchange．B．Workforanotherawardinstructurepreserving．C．Findmorewaystosupporttheruralresidents．D．ConductfurtherstudyinChinesehistoricstructures．CWhydowefinduglyanimalssoappealing?Andwhatmakesodd-lookingcreaturessocute?Evolution(進(jìn)化)playsarole．AccordingtoAustrianzoologistKonradLorenz,humanattractiontochildishfeatures,suchasbigeyes,largeheadsandsoftbodies,isanevolutionaryadaptationthathelpsensurethatadultscarefortheiryoung,guaranteeingthesurvivaloftheirspecies．Odd-lookinganimalssuchasblobfish,pugs,andbulldogsallsharethesechildishqualitiesthatinitiateanaffectionateresponseamonghumans．Andthesechildishcharacteristicsincreaseaperson’s“protectivebehavior,attentionandwillingnesstocare”fortheindividualandreducethe“l(fā)ikelihoodofattackstowardsachild”,saysMartaBorgi,aresearcher．Uglyanimalsoftenhaveothervalue—some,liketheblobfishorthenakedmolerat,liveinextremeenvironmentsthattheyhaveadaptedtoinremarkableways．Scientistsarekeentostudytheseanimalstounderstandwhethertheirbiologymightprovidefreshinsightsthatcouldleadtotreatmentsforhumanhealthconditionssuchascancer,heartdiseaseandotherdeadlydiseases．Ourfascinationwithugly-cuteanimalscanalsobetracedbacktoculturally-basedcauses．“Theugly-cutethingisveryfashionable,”saysRowenaPacker,alecturerofanimalbehavior．“Thisispartlydrivenbysocialmedia,withmanyinfluentialpeopleshowingoffpetpugsandFrenchbulldogsontheInternet,”shesays．Buttherearesomeseriouswelfareconcernsaroundthistrend．Vetsareurgingpeoplenottochooseaflat-faceddog,becausetheysufferfromserioushealthproblems．PugsandFrenchbulldogswhichhavebeenselectivelyproducedexperiencebreathingdifficulties,repeatedskininfectionsandeyediseases．Wemaywanttorethinkourlovefor“ugly-cute”animalsbecauseoftheirsillyfeatureslikeprotruding(鼓出的)eyesandwrinklyfaces．28．WhydopeoplelikeuglyanimalsaccordingtoKonradLorenz?A．Peopleappriciatetheireffortstosurvive．B．Peopleappriciatetheirsuperadaptability．C．Peopleareattractedbytheirchildishlooks．D．Peoplearefondoftheirfastresponsespeed．29．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Whatmediaarechangingpeople． B．Howpublicpracticesinfluencepeople．C．Whethersocialmediaisworthbelieving． D．Whycelebritiesshowofftheirpetanimals．30．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardspeople’sloveforuglyanimals?A．Opposed． B．Supportive． C．Indifferent． D．Cautious．31．HowdoestheauthormainlyanswerthequestionsraisedinParagraph1?A．Byquotingdifferentresearchers’findings．B．Byshowingsomeexamplesofkeepingpets．C．Byobservingpeople’sbehaviortowardsanimals．D．Byreferringtoauthoritativeevolutionarytheory．DAninnovativecreationwillhelptransformtreatingdiseases．ScientistsatTuftsUniversityandHarvardUniversity’sWyssInstitutedevelopedtinybiologicalrobots“Anthrobots”fromhumancells．TheseAnthrobotspossesstheastonishingabilitytomoveacrosssurfacesandhaveexhibitedaremarkablehealing(治愈)effectbystimulatingneuron(神經(jīng)元)growthindamagedlabdishregions．Thisdiscoveryservesasacrucialsteppingstonetowardtheresearchers’visionofemployingbiologicalrobotsasinnovativetoolsforhealing,anddiseasetreatment．ThisbreakthroughoriginatesfromearlierresearchconductedbyMichaelLevin,ProfessorofBiologyatTuftsUniversitySchoolofArts&Sciences,andJoshBongardattheUniversityofVermont．TheyoncecreatedbiologicalrobotscalledXenobotsfromfrogcells,capableofvariousfunctionsincludingself-copying,foralimitednumberofcycles．However,itwasunclearifbiologicalrobotscouldbeformedusingcellsfromotherspecies．Intheirlateststudy,LevinandTuftsPhDstudentGizemGumuskayadiscoveredthatAnthrobotscanindeedbecraftedfromadulthumancells,withcapabilitiesoutperformingthoseobservedinXenobots．Anthrobotsshowedtheabilitytomoveacrossasurfacecoveredinhumanneuronsgrowninalabdish,facilitatingnewgrowthtofillgapscausedbycelllayerdamage．“Itisextremelyinterestingandcompletelyunexpectedthatnormalpatients’cells,withoutchangingtheirDNA,canmoveontheirownandencourageneurongrowthacrossaregionofdamage．We’renowlookingathowthehealingmechanismworks,andaskingwhatelsetheseconstructscando,”saysLevin．Oneofthemainadvantagesofusinghumancellsliesinconstructingbiologicalrobotsfromapatient’scellstoperformhealingtaskswithoutleadingtoimmune(免疫的)responses．TheseAnthrobotsnaturallybreakdownafterafewweeksandcanbeeasilyabsorbedintothebodyoncetheirfunctioniscomplete．Anthrobotscanonlysurviveunderspecificlaboratoryconditions,posingnoriskofexposureorunintendedspreadoutsidethecontrolledenvironment．Theydonotreproduce,havenogeneticchanges,andthereforecarrynoriskofdevelopingbeyondsafetymeasures．32．WhatdoAnthrobotsdoinhealingpatients?A．Replacehumancells． B．Facilitateneurongrowth．C．Createnewhumancells． D．Moveacrosstissuesurfaces．33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crafted”inParagraph2mean?A．Made． B．Divided． C．Copied． D．Designed．34．WhatisoneofthemainadvantagesofAnthrobots?A．Theycanbeeasilycreatedfrompatients’cells．B．Theycanbeusedinmanycontrolledenvironments．C．Theycanavoidcausingimmuneresponses．D．Theycanhavegeneticchangeswhennecessary．35．Whichmagazineisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．AdvancedScience． B．SportsnetMagazine．C．ArtinAmerica． D．NationalGeographic．第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Althoughit’sanageoftyping,handwritingstillmatters．Todaythedangerofthetechnologywhichcomputersandthetypingpeopleareusingonwritingisbecomingextremelyenormous．36．AsprimaryschoolpupilsandcollegestudentsreturnforanewschoolyearintheNorthAmerica,manywillplaceagreater-than-everrelianceoncomputerstotakenotesandwritepapers．Childrenarenotjustencouragedbutrequiredtobringlaptopstoclass,withwhichsomeparentsaredisappointed．37,andtheirprofessorscomplainofthisseriousdistraction(分心)inclassrooms．38,fromrecallingarandomseriesofwordstobettergraspingtheconceptofcomplicatedideas．Inastudyfrom2014,studentstypingwrotedownalmosttwiceasmanywordsandmorepassagesverbatim(一字不差地)fromlectures,suggestingtheywerenotunderstandingsomuchasrapidlycopyingthematerial．Handwriting,whichtakeslongerfornearlyalluniversity-levelstudents,forcesnote-takerstointegrateideasintotheirownwords．39．Thosetakingnotesbyhandalsoperformbetterontestswhentheyarelaterabletostudyfromtheirnotes．Manystudieshaveconfirmedhandwriting’sbenefits,andmanycountrieshavetakenaction．AbouthalfAmericanstateshavemandated(強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行)moreteachingofhandwritingsince2010．InSwedenthereisasimilarcampaign．40．England’snationalsubjectsalreadyincludeteachingbasicknowledgeofhandwritingbyageseven．However,severalschoolsystemsinAmericahavegonesofarastobanmostlaptops．Thisistooextreme．A．AndaheateddebateisgoingaboutitB．TheywouldnolongerneedtocomplainC．WritingonpapercanimproveeverythingD．ButsomanyarefondoftypingintheirjobsE．CollegestudentsmessageinsteadoflisteningtolecturesF．ThisaidsconceptualunderstandingatthemomentofwritingG．Thegovernmentpushesformorehandwritingandfewerdevices第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Lastyear,cardiologist(心臟病專家)SteveLomecametotrulyunderstandwhatitmeanstobeattherightplaceattherighttime．Duringahalf-marathon(半程馬拉松),hefoundhimselfinthepositionto41notone,buttworunners．Itallbeganaroundthe3-mile42．Thingshadbeengoingsmoothlyuptothat43,butthat’swhenStevenoticedanunwell44namedGregory．Gregoryhadjustreachedthepeakandwas45toseethathewouldrundownhillforabit．Thisisthelastthingheremembersbefore46．Meanwhile,Stevesawthishappen,andhecould47itwasn’tasimplefall．Stevestopped48toperformCPR(心臟復(fù)蘇)forGregoryasanambulancemadeitswaythere．Steve49toensuretheambulancetookhim,andthenhecontinuedtherace．But,assoonasSteve50thefinishline,hislife-savinghelpwasneededoncemore．AmannamedMichaelbegantofeel51aftercrossingthefinishline．Then,justlikeGregory,hefelldown．The52ofthisentiresituationistrulyremarkable．HadStevenot53tohelpGregory,hewouldhavecrossedthefinishlinemuchsoonerthanMichael,54hewouldn’thavebeenaroundtosavehim,too．Thishappenedlastyear,butallthreemenhavestayedin55．Theyevenrantogetherintheverysamehalf-marathonthisyear!41．A．save B．lose C．a(chǎn)ccept D．believe42．A．match B．mark C．joint D．way43．A．extent B．distance C．a(chǎn)rea D．point44．A．coach B．guide C．competitor D．volunteer45．A．confused B．relieved C．worried D．disappointed46．A．leaving B．a(chǎn)rriving C．collapsing D．understanding47．A．tell B．predict C．decide D．imagine48．A．temporarily B．a(chǎn)ccidentally C．eventually D．immediately49．A．movedaway B．stayedaround C．wanderedabout D．lookedover50．A．noticed B．identified C．missed D．reached51．A．dizzy B．thirsty C．uneasy D．pleased52．A．a(chǎn)nalyzing B．evaluating C．timing D．recording53．A．a(chǎn)greed B．failed C．refused D．paused54．A．meaning B．proving C．clarifying D．indicating55．A．shape B．touch C．peace D．happiness第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Acupuncture(針灸)hasbeenatreatmentforcountlesspatientsforthousandsofyearsinChina．Beforemodernmedicinecametolife,stonetools56(use)torelievepain．Overtime,thisnaturalpracticedevelopedintoacomprehensivemedicalsystemandshapedtherootofacupuncture．Acupunctureisatreatmentthatisaimed57(promote)thebody’sself-regulatingfunctions．ItsprinciplesareinlinewiththephilosophicalconceptsoftraditionalChinesemedicine,58emphasizescomprehensivetreatment,meridian(經(jīng)脈)adjustmentandbalanceofbodilyfunctions．59(practice)varyinforms．Needleinsertion(插入)isthemostcommonmethod,whichiscarriedout60insertinghair-thinneedlesintomeridians,orspecificpointsonthebodythatchannelvitalenergy．Practitionersuseneedlesto61(effective)unblocktheflowofenergyandrestoreyinandyangbalance．LookingbeyondChina,acupuncturehasbecomeaglobaltreatment．Overtheyears,acupuncture62(see)manyadvancementsinscientificresearchandmodernmedicine．Accordingtoa2019WHOreport,acupunctureisusedin113ofits120membercountries,63(illustrate)itswidespreadrecognitionandapplication．Acupuncture,as64ancientChinesetreatment,isareflectofarichhistoryand65(significance)Chineseculture．第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假如你是李華。你校計(jì)劃舉行以“FlyYourDream”為主題的英語(yǔ)周活動(dòng)?，F(xiàn)就活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容、形式征集建議，請(qǐng)你給負(fù)責(zé)本次活動(dòng)的外教Chris寫一封信，提出你的想法。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearChris,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasaperfectdayforthebeach．MybrotherandIweremeetingourfriendsonthenortheastsideoftheisland,abeachweseldomvisitedduetothestrongcurrents．Daddroppedusoffanhourbeforeeveryonewastoarrive．Iwatchedmybrothertakeoffintotheblueocean．Hewasabodysurfingenthusiast．Idecidednottowaitforourfriendseitherbecausethewaterbegantorise,formingaperfectwave．Iheldmybreathanddovethroughthewave．Iwasunderthesurf,withmyeyeswideopen,thewaterlikesilkflowingovermybody．Itwascold,likeliquidicewakingupmysenses．Ipulledmybodytothesurface,allowingfreshairtofillmylungs,andthenwentbackunder．Ipretendedtobeafish,adolphin,anythingthatlivedunderthesea．Afterawhile,Ithoughtitmightbeagoodideatoheadbackinandseeifourfriendshadarrived．IlookedtowardthebeachandrealizedIhadgonefartheroutthanIshouldhave．Iwastheonlyonethisfarout．Iwasnottooworriedthough．Iwasaprettygoodswimmer．But,asItriedtoswimin,IrealizedIwasmakingnoprogress．Afterwhatfeltlikealongwhile,mybodybegantofeelheavy,andmyarmsgrewtired．HoweverhardItriedtoswim,Iwasnotmovinganyclosertothebeach．Wornout,terrifiedanddesperate,Icriedforhelploudly．注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。IbegantothinkImightdrownoutthere．_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Amomentlater,Iregainedmyconsciousness．______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________