unit5-Creative-Minds市公開課一等獎(jiǎng)省賽課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

Unit5CreativeMinds1/39HowCreativeheIs!聯(lián)合利華引進(jìn)了一條香皂包裝生產(chǎn)線，結(jié)果發(fā)覺這生產(chǎn)線有個(gè)缺點(diǎn)：經(jīng)常會(huì)有盒子里沒裝入香皂?？偛荒馨芽蘸凶淤u給用戶啊，他們只好請了一個(gè)學(xué)自動(dòng)化博士后設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)方案來分揀空香皂盒。博士后拉起了一個(gè)十幾人科研攻關(guān)小組，綜合采取了機(jī)械、微電子、自動(dòng)化、X射線探測等技術(shù)，花了幾十萬，成功處理了問題。每當(dāng)生產(chǎn)線上有空香皂盒經(jīng)過，兩旁探測器會(huì)檢測到，而且驅(qū)動(dòng)一只機(jī)械手把空皂盒推走。SampleOne2/39HowCreativeHeIs!

中國南方有個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)也買了一樣生產(chǎn)線，老板發(fā)覺這個(gè)問題后大為發(fā)怒，找了個(gè)小工來說：“你他媽給老子把這個(gè)搞定，不然你給老子爬走?！毙」ず芸煜氤隽朔椒ǎ核?0塊錢在生產(chǎn)線旁邊放了一臺(tái)大功率電風(fēng)扇猛吹，于是空皂盒都被吹走了。SampleOne3/39PartIwarmupKeywords:InventedVocabulary:Internal-combustionengine內(nèi)燃機(jī)Barometer：氣壓計(jì)Atmosphericpressure大氣壓Polaroid(商標(biāo)名)寶麗來一次成像攝影機(jī)(或照片)Pendulum：擺，鐘擺Diesel：狄塞爾(Rudolf,1858-1913,德國工程師,創(chuàng)造內(nèi)燃機(jī)[柴油機(jī))②柴油機(jī),內(nèi)燃機(jī)Fueloil：燃料油，爐油Dynamite：達(dá)納炸藥；氨爆炸藥；(非正式)轟動(dòng)一時(shí)人（或物），4/39Kaleidoscope萬花筒Harpsichord：羽管鍵琴，撥弦古鋼琴；大鍵琴Gunsmith軍械工人5/39inventionInventorNationalityoccupationYearGottiebDaimlerEvangelistaTorricelliEdwinHerbertLandChristiaanhuygensRudolphDieselAlfredBernhardNobelGasolineautomobileGermanengineer1885barometerItalianPhysicist&mathematician1643PolaroidcameraAmericanInventor&industrialist1947PendulumclockDutchMathematician&physicist1657Dieselengine

Germanengineer1892dynamiteSwedishchemist18666/39InventionInventorNationalityOccupationYearSir

DavidBrewsterBartolomeoCristoforiEliasHoweChristopherSholeskaleidoscopeBritishPhysicist&naturalphilosopher1817pianoItalianHarpsichordmaker1709SewingmachineAmericaninventor1846typewriterAmericaninventor18677/39Tapescript:ThegasolineautomobilewasinventedbyGottliebDaimler,theGermanengineer,in1885Hisconstructionofthefirsthigh-speedinternal-combustionengineledtothedevelopmentoftheautomobileindustry.Thebarometer,theinstrumentformeasuringatmosphericpressure,wasinventedbyEvangelistaTorricelli,theItalianphysicistandmathematician,in1643.Thepolarodcamera,whichtakesandprintsphotosinonestep,wasinventedin1947bytheAmericaninventorandindustrialistEdwinHerbertLand.ThependulumclockwasinventedbytheDutchmathematicianandphysicistChristiaanHuygensin1657.Thedieselengine,whichisheavierandmorepowerfulthanthegasolineengineandwhichburnsfuelofoilinsteadofgasoline,wasnamedafteritsinventorRudolphDiesel,theGermanengineerin1892.8/39Tapescript:Dynamite,theimprovedexplosiveswithgreatsafety,wasinventedin1866bytheSwedishchemistAlfredBernhardNobel.HeestablishedafundtoprovideannualawardscalledNobelPrizes,inthesciences,literature,andthepromotionofinternationalpeace.Hekaleidoscopewasinventedin1817bySirDavidBrewster,theScottishphysicistandnaturalphilosopher.Thepiano,akey-boardmusicalinstrument,wasinventedin1709bytheItalianharpsichordmaker,BartolomeoCristofori.Thesewingmachine,whichgreatlyrevolutionizedclothes-making,wasinventedbyEliasHowe,anAmericaninventorin1846.Thetypewriter,itsfirstpracticalcommercialmodel,wasinventedin1867bytheAmericaninventorChristopherSholesandwasmanufacturedbytheAmericangunsmithPhiloReminton1874.9/39BFax：(亦作faxmachine)amachinefortransmittingandreceivingsuchdocuments傳真機(jī)Calendar：achartorseriesofpagesshowingthedays,weeks,andmonthsofaparticularyear,orgivingparticularseasonalinformation日歷Puppet：amovablemodelofapersonoranimalthatisusedinentertainmentandistypicallymovedeitherbystringscontrolledfromaboveorbyahandinsideit木偶Mercedes-Benz：梅賽德斯-飛馳10/3911/3912/391-a2-d3-e4-i5-f6-j7-g8-b13/39TapescriptPeopleinEnglandmadethefirstcomputer.Itwasbuiltin1943.ItwasmadetohelpEnglandunderstandsecretmessagesduringWorldWarII.SomeoneinAustraliainventedthefaxmachine.Afterthefaxmachinewasinvented,itfirstbecamepopularinEastAsia.FoldingfanscamefromJapan.TheywereinventedinJapanalmost800yearsago.ThefirstcarcamefromGermany.ItwasinventedbyKarlBenzin1885.Benzisstillfamous.HisnameisontheMercedes-Benzcar.AmaninCanadainventedthechocolatebar.HelivedinNovaScotia-intheeasternpartofCanada.Heinventedthechocolatebarin1800s.14/39TapescriptThefirstreallyaccuratecalendarwasinventedinMexico.Thiscalendarwasmadeabout1,500yearsago.That'swhenpeoplelearnedthattheyearwas365dayslong.ThefirstmechanicalclockwasinventedinChina.Itwasinventedintheyear725-over1,250yearsago.PeoplethinkAfricanscreatedthefirstpuppets.Actually,nooneissure,butpuppetswereprobablycreatedtohelptellstories.15/39C:keywords:Design;patent;introduce;develop;appear;born;invent;createVocabulary:

paperclip:回形針，曲別針，紙夾Patent：專利（權(quán)）；專利證Adhesive：abletostickfasttoasurfaceorobject;sticky可粘，粘Post-it：記事貼，便利貼Primer：底漆;打底劑,底層涂料16/39Ccellularphone：便攜電話；手機(jī)Commission：委員會(huì)authorize：giveofficialpermissionfororapprovalto(anundertakingoragent)授權(quán)；同意Subscribe：arrangetoreceivesomething,typicallyapublication,regularlybypayinginadvance訂閱；訂購（出版物）creditwith把……記入貸方Wringer：絞擰機(jī)；壓汁器ad:廣告17/39CDisposable：intendedtobeusedonceandthenthrownaway（物品）一次性diaper：(北美)尿布Zipper：拉鏈Immigrant：移民，僑民Galosh：高統(tǒng)雨鞋（多用橡膠制作）accident-prone易出事故Strip：（布、紙、塑料等）條，狹條，帶狀物merit：thequalityofbeingparticularlygoodorworthy,especiallysoastodeservepraiseorreward優(yōu)異品質(zhì)，優(yōu)點(diǎn)；價(jià)值Band-Aid：創(chuàng)可貼；contactlens：隱形眼鏡Norwegian[n?:'wi:d??n]n.挪威語；挪威人Pennsylvania[,pensil'veinj?]n.賓夕法尼亞州（美國州名）Czech[t?ek]n.捷克人；捷克語18/39InventionsPaperclips1901Post-its1980cellularphones1973automaticwashingmachines1930sdisposablediapers1961Zippers1913Band-Aids1921softcontactlenses196119/391.Thedesignofpaperclipsisperfect.There'sbeenlittleimprovementsinceNorwegianJohanVaalergothisAmericanpatentin1901.Onlyabout20%areactuallyusedtoclippapers.

2.Post-itisoneofthetopfivebest-sellingofficesuppliers.TomakePost-its,introducedin1980,3Mhadtodeveloptheadhesive,primer,back-sidecoatingandnewmanufacturingequipment.

3.Thefirstcellularphonewasdevelopedin1973byMartinCooperatMotorola,andatestof1,000suchphonesfollowedinChicago.TheFederalCommunicationsCommissionauthorizedcellularservicein1982,andwehaven'tshutupsince.MorethanathirdofallhouseholdsintheU.Ssubscribe.

20/394.AmongthosecreditedwithmakingelectricwashingmachineswasAlvaJ.Fisher.Themachinesusedwringerstoremovewaterfromclothes.Trulyautomaticmachinesappearedinthe1930s.AnearlyadforaGEwasherread,"IfeveryfatherdidthefamilywashingnextMonday,therewouldbeanelectricwashingmachineineveryhomebySaturdaynight."

5.Oh,baby,whataconvenience!Procter&Gamble'sPampers,bornin1961,werefirstusedonlyforspecialoccasions.Nowthe95%ofAmericanparentswhobuydisposablediaperswillspendupto$2100achildtoavoidwashingdiapers.

21/396.Zipperswereinventedin1913bySwedishimmigrantGideonSundbackatUniversalFastenerCo.inPennsylvania.B.F.Goodrichfirstusedthewordtoafasteneronapairofitsgaloshes;itwasnotusedinclothesuntilthe1930s.By1341zippersbeatthepantsoffbuttonsintheBattleoftheFly.

7.Johnson&Johnsonsold$3000worthofhandmadeBandAidsin1921,theyearitintroducedthem.Acompanycottonbuyer,EarleDickson,hadcreatedthemathomeforhisaccidentpronewife.Hethenconvincedhisbossthatthestripshadmerit.

8.OttoWichterle,aCzechscientist,createdthefirstsoftcontactlensin1961.Bausch&Lombboughttherightstohisprocessforareported$3millionin1966.

22/39PartIIScientistsofthemillenniumKeywords:discoveryinventionfounderideadescribetheoryacceptdevelopmethodthefirst…startbase…onsecret23/39

Vocabularytype打字mould模型，模子，鑄模，鑄型，模板astronomer[?'str?n?m?]n.天文學(xué)家；天文觀察員aphysicistwhostudiesastronomycondemnvt.訓(xùn)斥；判刑，定罪；聲討withdrawvt.撤退；收回；anatomical[,?n?'t?mik?l]adj.解剖；解剖學(xué)；結(jié)構(gòu)上24/39vessel脈管，血管；容器，器皿artery動(dòng)脈；干道；主流vein靜脈conflictn.沖突，矛盾；斗爭；爭吵influentialadj..有影響calculus['k?lkjul?s]微積分學(xué);結(jié)石PartIIScientistsofthemillennium25/39gravitationn.重力；萬有引力；地心吸力principlen.原理，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；philosophyn.哲學(xué)；哲理；人生觀unifyvt.統(tǒng)一；使相同，使一致theRomanCatholicChurch羅馬公教；羅馬天主教會(huì)PartIIScientistsofthemillennium26/39PartII-A1395,type,movabletypePoland,astronomy,thesun,itscenteronce1564,telescope,circlingEngland,moves1642,calculus,lightandcolor,gravitation.PartIIScientistsofthemillennium27/39PartII-BPrinting/faster/easierEarth/centerofuniverse/nomoveCutopendeadanimalsandhumansBloodtobody/arteries;bloodtoheart/veinsTheMathematicalPrinciplesofNaturalPhilosophy/in1687PartIIScientistsofthemillennium28/39PartIIIScientistsofthemillenniumKeywords:IdeatheorydiscoverymethodestablishinventionchangeVocabulary:origin起源species物種；種類bymeansof依靠organismn.有機(jī)體；生物體；微生物evolutionn.演變；進(jìn)化論；進(jìn)展survivevi.幸存；活下來vt.幸存；生還；幸免于；比...活得長29/39reproduce[ri?pr?'dju?s]vt.復(fù)制；再生；生殖；使…在腦海中重現(xiàn)microorganismn.微生物；微小動(dòng)植物Pasteurization[,p?st?ra?'ze???n]n.加熱殺菌法，巴斯德氏殺菌法germ[d???m]n.胚芽，萌芽；細(xì)菌resistancen.阻力；電阻；抵抗；反抗；抵抗力inject[?n'd?ekt]vt.注入；注射vaccination[,v?ks?'ne???n]n.接種疫苗；種痘vaccine['v?ksi?n;-?n]n.疫苗；牛痘苗deadly['dedl?]adj.致命；非常；死普通affect[?‘fekt]n.情感vt.影響；感染；感動(dòng)；假裝30/39motionpicturen.電影device[d?'va?s]n.裝置；策略；圖案unconsciousadj.無意識；失去知覺；未發(fā)覺psychiatry[psai‘kai?tri,psi-]n.精神病學(xué)sexualadj.性；性別；有性disputen.辯論；爭吵document['d?kj?m(?)nt]n.文件，公文；[計(jì)]文檔；證件mass[m?s]adj.群眾，民眾；大規(guī)模，集中square[skwe?]n.平方；廣場；正方形atomicenergy[核]原子能，核能31/39AnswerforPartIII–A1809,evolutionFrance,a.Pasteurization,b.Germ,c.vaccination,disease1847,a.motion,b.recording,c.electriclight,d.Telephone,e.Machine,electricity,f.motorsAustria,a.Dreams,unconsciousself,b.Modernpsychiatry.C.sexualdevelopment1879,relativity,E=mc232/39AnswerforPartIII-B

T.1.CharlesDarwinthoughtthatalllivingthingsdevelopedfromsimpleorganisms.F.2.Darwins'sideaswerestronglyopposedbymanyreligiouspeopleinthepast.Butnowpeopleareallinfavorofthem.T.3.LouisPasteurbelievedthatitistinyorganismsthatspreadmorediseasesF.4.ThomasEdisonconsideredthemotionpictureshismostimportantinvention.T.5.AlbertEinstein'smostfamoustheoryisabouttime,space,mass,movementandgravity.T.6.AlbertEinstein'smostfamoustheoryledtothediscoveryofatomicenergy.33/39

TapescriptCharlesDarwinwasanotherimportantscientistofthepast1,000years.HewasborninEnglandin1809.In1859,hepublishedabookcalledOntheOriginofSpeciesbyMeansofNaturalSelection.Heexplainedhisideasthatalllivingthingsdevelopedfromsimpleorganisms.Hesaidtheseorganismschangedduringmillionsofyearstoproducedifferentkindsofplantsandanimals,includinghumans.Thisisknownasthetheoryofevolution.CharlesDarwin'sstudiesshowedthatsomeanimalsandplantshavenaturalabilitiesthathelpthemsurvive.Theypasstheseabilitiestotheiryoungwhentheyreproduce.Otherplantsandanimalsthatarelessabletosurviveandreproducemaydisappear.CharlesDarwin'stheoriesprovidednewideasaboutthedevelopmentsoflivingthings.However,theyshockedmanyreligiouspeople.Manypeopletodaystillstronglyopposethetheoryofevolutionbecauseitconflictswiththeirreligiousbeliefs.34/39Ournextimportantscientistofthepast1,000yearsisLouisPasteur.Hisdiscoveriessavedmanylives.LouisPasteurwasbornin1822inFrance.Hebecameaprofessorofchemistry.Hediscoveredthatheatcouldkillharmfulmicroorganism.SoonthisPasteurizationmethodwasusedtokeepmanyfoodsanddrinkssafe.Healsohelpedusestablishthegermtheorywhenherecognizedthatmostdiseasesarespreadbytinyorganismsthatreproduceinthebody.LouisPasteuralsoprovedthatananimalcandeveloparesistancetoaharmfulorganismiftheorganismisweekendinalaboratoryandinjectedintotheanimal'sbody.Hecalledthismethodofpreventingdiseasevaccination.Hedevelopedvaccinestopreventdeadlydiseasesinanimalsandpeople.35/39TheinventorThomasEdisonwasanotherinfluentialscientist.HewasbornintheUnitedStatesin1847.Hisworkmadepossibletheprogressoftechnologyinthe20thcentury.AlmosteveryonehasbeenaffectedbytheinventionsofThomasEdison.Theseincludethemotionpictures,soundrecording,andelectriclight.TheyareonlythreeofthemanydevicesThomasEdisoninventedorhelpedtoimprove.Healsoinventeddevicestoimprovethetelephone.Heimprovedmachinesthatproducedelectricity.Andheworkedonmanyelectricmotors,includingthosefortrains.ThomasEdisononcesaidtheelectriclightwasthemostdifficulttodevelop.Healsocalledithismostimportantinvention.36/39OurnextscientistofthemillenniumistheAustriandoctorSigmundFreud.Hechangedscientificideasaboutthemind.DrFreudwasbornin1856inMoravia.Heestablishedtheideathatdreamshelpusunderstandourunconsciousself.Hesaidthisisthepartofthemindcontainingwishes,desires,orbadexperiencestoofrighteningtor