北京市平谷區(qū)2025屆高三英語一模試題含解析

PAGE24-北京市平谷區(qū)2025屆高三英語一模試題（含解析）第一部分學(xué)問運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)A閱讀下列短文,依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。ThisyeartheWorldCuphasbeenplayedacrossdifferent___1___(city),andTeamChinahadtrainingsessionsevenontravelingdayswhensomeparticipatingteamschosetorestupafteratiringflight.Whentheteamstruggled,CaptainZhuTingwasalwaysthere,doingwhateverwasneeded___2___(carry)theteamforward.That’swhyshehasbecomeanationalvolleyballicon(偶像),justlike“IronHammer”Lang.Nevergivingup,especiallyinadifficultsituation,that’s___3___thespiritofChinesewomen’svolleyballmeans.【答案】1.cities2.tocarry3.what【解析】本文是一篇新聞報道，中國女子排球隊在旅游日還在訓(xùn)練，在球隊拼搏時，隊長朱婷總是和隊員們在一起，永不放棄是中國女排精神所在。【1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：今年，世界杯在不同城市實(shí)行競賽。依據(jù)theWorldCuphasbeenplayedacrossdifferent得知世界杯在不同城市實(shí)行競賽。形容詞different修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填cities。【2題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：隊長朱婷做她能做的為了帶球隊前進(jìn)，表示目的用動詞不定式。故填tocarry?！?題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：永不放棄，尤其是在逆境中。這是中國女排精神的含義。be動詞后是表語從句，從句動詞means缺少賓語，且指物。故填what。B閱讀下列短文,依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Therailwayline___4___(connect)BeijingandZhangjiakou,theco-hostcityoftheBeijing2024WinterOlympics,istheworld'sfirstintelligent,high-speedrailway.It___5___(go)intooperationonDec30,2024.Therailwayis174kmlong,withamaximumdesignspeedof350kph.ItreducesthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandZhangjiakoufromoverthreehoursto47minutes.Thetrainisdesignedwithanareatostoresnowboards,adevicetosecurewheelchairsandamobilenewscenter___6___passengerscanwatchliveOlympicbroadcasts.【答案】4.connecting5.went6.where【解析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了連接北京與2024年冬奧會合辦城市張家口的高速鐵路?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：連接北京和張家口的鐵路途是世界上第一個智能高鐵。謂語動詞是is，連接和謂語動詞之間沒有連詞，要用非謂語動詞，主語是鐵路途和連接是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填connecting?！?題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：2019年12月30日【6題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：火車上設(shè)計有存放滑雪板的區(qū)域，一個確保輪椅安置和移動新聞中心，在那里乘客可以看奧林匹克直播，先行詞是amobilenewscenter，在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語。故填where。C閱讀下列短文,依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。The“Twenty-fourSolarterms”istheChinese___7___(tradition)wayofdividingandmarkingtime.Itshowstherelationshipbetweentheuniverse,seasons,climateandagriculture,whichisuniquelycreated___8___Chineseancestors.TheTwenty-fourSolarTermsareimportantinstructionsfortheagriculturalproductionaswellaspeople'sdailylives.Attheinitialstageofagriculturaldevelopment,peoplebegantoexplorerulesofnatureandused___9___(they)toguidesowing,harvestingandotheragriculturalactivities.Untilnow,it___10___(become)anessentialtooltoguidetheagriculturalproductioninChina.Anditscharmandvaluehavebeenincreasinglyrecognizedbythepublic.【答案】7.traditional8.by9.them10.hasbecome/becomes【解析】本文是說明文。介紹了中國劃分時間傳統(tǒng)方式“二十四節(jié)氣”.【7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：二十四節(jié)氣是中國傳統(tǒng)的劃分時間的方法。形容詞修飾名詞，方法是名詞，故填traditional?！?題詳解】考查介詞。句意：它表示宇宙、季節(jié)、氣候和農(nóng)業(yè)的關(guān)系，它被中國祖先創(chuàng)建。表示被動用be動詞加過去分詞+by，故填by。【9題詳解】考查代詞。句意：人們起先探究自然的規(guī)律并運(yùn)用它們來引導(dǎo)播種、收獲或其他農(nóng)業(yè)活動。動詞后用賓格代詞。故填them?！?0題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：直到現(xiàn)在，它已經(jīng)成為了引導(dǎo)中國農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)重要的工具。untilnow可以理解為現(xiàn)在之前用現(xiàn)在完成時或當(dāng)前的狀態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填hasbecome/becomes。其次節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，駕馭其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。NeverSayQuitInmytwenty-fiveyearsofcoaching,Iencounteredmanyextraordinaryathletes.Yettheathletewhomadethegreatestimpressiononmewasn'toneofthosepromisingyoungmen,butBobbyColson.Earlyintheseason,Bobby,wholookedheavybutstrong,___11___meintheschoolhallway.Hetoldmehewaseagertojoininourtrackteamandbelievedhecouldmakeanimportant___12___.Iwasdeeply___13___byhispresentationandself-confidence.Givenhisphysique,thelogicalroleforBobbywasthatofa"weightman”.Sohedidhisbestintryingdiscus(鐵餅),shotpot…,onlytofindouttheseeventswerenot___14___forhimatall.SoBobbyintendedtotryanothermoredifficultevent:two-milerace.IadmiredBobby's___15___,buttomyself,Iquestionedwhetherthetwo-mileracewasagoodchoice.YetBobbywas___16___andforthefollowingweeks,hepainfullybut___17___struggledthroughhisworkouts.Threemonthslater,thetwo-mileracewaswellunderway.Whilealltheotherrunnershadalreadyfinished,Bobby___18___hadthreelapstogo.AsBobbycompletedhislasttwoofhis___19___laps,severalboysfromtheotherteamsstartedmakingfunofhimand___20___athimtogetoffthetrack.Bobbywascryingnoticeablybutkeptgoing.Atthismoment,ourteammembersnoticedandwentto___21___Bobbyon.Onthelastlap,allourathletesstooduptocheerBobbyon.Imagineamovingsight:Ourwholeteamlinedup___22___thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobbyastears___23___downhisface.Afterthat,Bobbyputinefforttosupporthisteammates.Hewentfromeventtoevent___24___histeammates.Whenoneofourathletestookafirstplace,Bobbywasevenmoreexcitedthanthewinner.Everyteammate___25___himverymuchandfeltluckytohavehimintheteam.Bobbyhadbeenrightwhenhetoldmehefelthecouldmakeasignificantcontribution.Hehadjoinedagoodteamandmadeitintoagreat___26___.Sincethen,I'veseenmanytopathletes___27___thetrackwhentheyknewtheyweren'tgoingtowinarace.Bobby,onthecontrary,neveronce___28___leavingthattwo-milerace.Oncehe___29___,quittingwasnotanoption.HisexamplehelpedusalltounderstandthattalentisGodgiven,andthosewhohaveitshouldbethankful,butthespiritof___30___isself-given,andweshouldvalueit.11.A.waved B.informed C.limited D.stopped12.A.appearance B.promise C.contribution D.influence13.A.impressed B.frightened C.puzzled D.embarrassed14.A.satisfactory B.challenging C.suitable D.attractive15.A.enthusiasm B.generosity C.achievement D.cooperation16.A.worried B.confused C.determined D.hesitated17.A.cautiously B.proudly C.secretly D.diligently18.A.still B.already C.ever D.rather19.A.spare B.remaining C.extra D.additional20.A.crying B.throwing C.shouting D.criticizing21.A.pull B.assist C.drive D.urge22.A.over B.around C.with D.beyond23.A.rolled B.paved C.covered D.measured24.A.convincing B.appreciating C.competing D.encouraging25A.envied B.loved C.respected D.believed26.A.family B.organization C.institution D.system27.A.checkout B.giveoff C.walkoff D.carryout28.A.supposed B.considered C.imagined D.concerned29.A.proved B.realized C.discovered D.started30.A.bravery B.unity C.perseverance D.devotion【答案】11.D12.C13.A14.B15.A16.C17.D18.A19.B20.C21.D22.B23.A24.D25.B26.A27.C28.B29.D30.C【解析】本文是記敘文。文中笨重強(qiáng)壯的鮑比通過自己的毅力和對隊員的關(guān)愛告知我們：毅力的精神是自發(fā)的，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)珍惜它?！?1題詳解】考查動詞。句意：在賽季初，看起來笨重但是很強(qiáng)壯的鮑比在學(xué)校走廊擋住我。A.waved揮手；B.informed通知；C.limited有限；D.stopped停止。依據(jù)Hetoldmehewaseagertojoininourtrackteam得知鮑比擋住作者說了一些話。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他說他信任他會做出重要貢獻(xiàn)。A.appearance外表；B.promise答應(yīng)；C.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；D.influence影響。依據(jù)下文Bobbyhadbeenrightwhenhetoldmehefelthecouldmakeasignificantcontribution.鮑比當(dāng)時很自信，他說會做出重要貢獻(xiàn)。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：鮑比的自我介紹和自信，給我留下印象深刻。A.impressed有印象的；B.frightened膽怯 ；C.puzzled困惑的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。依據(jù)Iwasdeeply3byhispresentationandself-confidence.鮑比很自信，這讓我印象深刻。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：鮑比盡最大努力練習(xí)投鐵餅，結(jié)果發(fā)覺這些事情沒有挑戰(zhàn)性。A.satisfactory滿足的；B.challenging挑戰(zhàn)的；C.suitable合適的；D.attractive吸引人的。依據(jù)SoBobbyintendedtotryanothermoredifficultevent:two-milerace.鮑比選了更難的賽事，說明他覺得上面的練習(xí)沒有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選B。【15題詳解】考查名詞。句意：我敬佩鮑比答題技巧激情。A.enthusiasm熱忱；B.generosity大方；C.achievement成就；D.cooperation合作。依據(jù)Iquestionedwhetherthetwo-mileracewasagoodchoice.鮑比選了更難的賽事，我敬佩他的熱忱，但不知這是否是好的選擇。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：然而鮑比下定決心。A.worried擔(dān)憂的；B.confused困惑的；C.determined決心的；D.hesitated遲疑的。forthefollowingweeks,hepainfullybut___7___struggledthroughhisworkouts.雖然熬煉很苦痛，他仍舊堅持著，這是很有決心的人。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：在接下來幾周，鮑比苦痛但是勤奮的掙扎著熬煉。A.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎；B.proudly傲慢；C.secretly隱私；D.diligently勤奮。hepainfullybut___7___struggledthroughhisworkouts.得知鮑比熬煉時很勤奮。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查副詞。句意：盡管其他選手已經(jīng)跑完競賽，鮑比還有三圈才到終點(diǎn)。8.A.still仍舊；B.already已經(jīng)；C.ever曾經(jīng)；D.rather相當(dāng)。依據(jù)Whilealltheotherrunnershadalreadyfinished,得知其他人跑完了，鮑比還沒有跑完。故選A。【19題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)鮑比跑最終兩圈時，幾個其他隊的男孩子起先訕笑他，喊著要他離開跑道。A.spare多余的；B.remaining剩余的；C.extra額外的；D.additional另外的。依據(jù)前面Bobby___8___hadthreelapstogo.得知鮑比還剩幾圈沒跑完。故選B。【20題詳解】考查動詞。句意：當(dāng)鮑比跑最終兩圈時，幾個其他隊的男孩子起先訕笑他，喊著要他離開跑道。A.crying哭泣；B.throwing扔掉；C.shouting大喊；D.criticizing指責(zé)。依據(jù)Asseveralboysfromtheotherteamsstartedmakingfunofhimand___10___athimtogetoffthetrack.得知其他隊的男孩訕笑他，沖他喊叫，shoutatsomebody，沖某人喊。故選C。【21題詳解】考查動詞。句意：這時我們隊成員留意到鮑比在哭著堅持上前給他加油。A.pull拽開；B.assist幫助；C.drive開車；D.urge督促。依據(jù)Ourwholeteamlinedup___12___thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobby得知隊員上前給他加油。urgeon加油鼓勁。故選D。22題詳解】考查介詞。句意：我們整個隊站在跑道邊給鮑比加油鼓掌。A.over上面；B.around四周；C.with和；D.beyond超出。BOurwholeteamlinedup___12___thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobbyastears___13___downhisface.跑道周邊站著，用around，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞。句意：我們整個隊站在跑道邊給鮑比加油鼓掌，鮑比眼淚順著臉頰滑落。A.rolled滾動；B.paved鋪路；C.covered覆蓋；D.measured測量。Imagineamovingsight:Ourwholeteamlinedup___12___thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobbyastears___13___downhisface.這是一個感人的場景，鮑比哭著堅持，故選A。【24題詳解】考查動詞。句意：他一個賽事接著一個賽事給隊員們激勵。A.convincing確信；B.appreciating感謝；C.competing競爭；D.encouraging激勵。Afterthat,Bobbyputinefforttosupporthisteammates.得知鮑比激勵隊友。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞。句意：每個隊員都很愛鮑比，感覺隊里有他很幸運(yùn)。A.envied艷羨；B.loved酷愛；C.respected敬重；D.believed信任。feltluckytohavehimintheteam.說明隊員們都很愛鮑比。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：鮑比加入了一個優(yōu)秀的團(tuán)體，讓它成為一個家庭。A.family家庭；B.organization組織；C.institution機(jī)構(gòu)；D.system體系。Afterthat,Bobbyputinefforttosupporthisteammates.說明鮑比用行動讓整個團(tuán)體像一個家庭一樣。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：我見過很多優(yōu)秀的選手在獲勝無望的狀況下離開賽場。A.checkout檢查；B.giveoff發(fā)出；C.walkoff走開；D.carryout執(zhí)行。whentheyknewtheyweren'tgoingtowinarace.他們選擇離開跑道。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動詞。句意：相反鮑比從來不考慮離開兩公里競賽。A.supposed認(rèn)為；B.considered考慮；C.imagined想象；D.concerned關(guān)切。Bobby,onthecontrary,neveronce___18___leavingthattwo-milerace.和前面優(yōu)秀選手對比，鮑比從不考慮放棄。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞。句意：一旦鮑比起先，從不選擇退出。A.proved證明；B.realized意識；C.discovered發(fā)覺；D.started起先。依據(jù)quittingwasnotanoption.得知鮑比有恒心，起先了就不會放棄。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：鮑比的例子告知我們毅力的精神是自發(fā)的，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)珍惜它。A.bravery英勇；B.unity團(tuán)結(jié)；C.perseverance毅力；D.devotion貢獻(xiàn)。Oncehe___19___,quittingwasnotanoption.鮑比始終堅持賽跑，很有毅力，故選C。其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AThreeModernServicesWhenyou'reworkingafull-timejob,studyingoronthehuntforwork,lifecanfeelexhausting.Thegoodnewsisthatmoderntechnologyhasmadelifeeasierinmanyways,andwiththefollowingservices,you'llfindyouhavemoretimeandenergyforthethingsthatmatter.MealkitdeliveryservicesMealkitdeliveryservicesareoneofthemostunderestimatedinnovationsofthe21stcentury.Howtheyworkissimple.Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.Then,whatyourdietaryrequirementsare,andanyotherpreferences.Finally,yougettochoosewhichmealkitswillbedeliveredtoyourdoor.Nomatteryourdiet,youcanhaveanappropriatemealkitdelivered.Forexample,checkoutthese

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options.Thekitcomescompletewithalltheingredientsyouneed,alreadyprepared.Allyouhavetodoistofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogetherandpopyourmealintheoven.Withmealkitdelivery,youdon’thavetoworryaboutcookingorspendingmoneyontakeout.Yourtripstothegrocerystorewillbecomeeasierandyou'llwastelessmoneyandfood.TaskrabbitOneofthemostfrustratingaspectsofhavingaplaceyoucallyourownisthatyouhaveto

takecareofthemaintenance(修理).Evenifyouarerenting,therearecertaintasksthatyourlandlordwillexpectyoutoseeto,whetheraleakytaporaproblematicelectricalappliance.Forthis,Taskrabbitconnectsyouwithfreelancerswhoarewillingtotakeonjustaboutanytaskforyou.Youcanhiresomeonetotakecareofyourleakytapratherthanspendingyourowntimeandenergydoingit.You'regivingsomeoneworkwhileenjoyingyourtimeoff.PostmatesFinally,oneofthemostconvenientandusefulservicesis,ofcourse,

Postmates.WithPostmates,youcangetjustaboutanythingdeliveredordeliversomethingyourself.Youcangetsomeonetodoyourgroceriesforyou–simplymakealistofwhatyouneedandchoosewhethertheshoppershouldcallyouifsomethingisoutoriftheycandecideonreplacementsthemselves.Youcanalsouseitfortakeout,tosendorreceivedocuments,andanyotherdeliveryneedsyouhave.Weliveinanageofconvenience,andweshouldtakeadvantageofit.Startusingtheaboveservicesandyou'llseeyourstresslevelsdrop.31.WhatwillpeoplefirstdotoenjoyMealkitdeliveryservices?A.Tocheckoutsomeoptions.B.Topopyourmealintheoven.C.Toconfirmtheexactnumberofpeople.D.Tofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogether.32.WhatdothethreeModernServiceshaveincommon?A.Theycanhelppeoplesavemoney.B.AlltheModernServicesaretop-level.C.Theycanmakepeopleeasilyenjoytheirlives.D.YoungpeopleshowtheirpreferenceforthethreeModernServices.33.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Abookreview.C.Anovel. D.Aguidebook.【答案】31.C32.C33.A【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了三款讓生活更便捷的現(xiàn)代科技獨(dú)創(chuàng)。【31題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Mealkitdeliveryservices中Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.得知餐盒遞送服務(wù)中你須要首先選擇多少人要在家里就餐。要首先確認(rèn)就餐人們的準(zhǔn)確數(shù)量。故選C?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段

Thegoodnewsisthatmoderntechnologyhasmadelifeeasierinmanyways,andwiththefollowingservices,得知本文介紹的三款科技獨(dú)創(chuàng)都是提升生活水平，幫人們更簡單享受生活的獨(dú)創(chuàng)。故選C。【33題詳解】推理推斷題。文章介紹三款現(xiàn)代科技獨(dú)創(chuàng)，是節(jié)選自雜志。不是書評、小說或?qū)в问謨浴９蔬xA。【點(diǎn)睛】對于干脆信息題此類題型，可以首先從問題中找到關(guān)鍵詞,然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查閱的技巧在文中快速找尋這一細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，找到后再把這一部分內(nèi)容細(xì)致閱讀一遍，細(xì)致比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的微小區(qū)分，在精確理解細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的前提下，最終確定最佳答案。例如:小題1問享受餐盒遞送服務(wù)首先做什么?在文章中找到相關(guān)的句子,由其次段Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.可知,須要首先選擇多少人要在家里就餐,關(guān)鍵詞是Atthebeginning…,C選項(xiàng)Toconfirmtheexactnumberofpeople.是對youchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.…的同義改寫，故選C。BLastsummer,KatieStellerpulledoffthefreewayonherwaytoworkinMinneapolis.Shestoppedatatrafficlight,whereamanwassittingwithasignaskingforhelp.Sherolleddownherwindow.“Hey!”sheshouted.“I’mdrivingaroundgivingfreehaircuts.IfIgograbmychair,doyouwantonerightnow?”Themanlookedtobeinhis60s.Hewasbalding,andmissingafewteeth.AsStellerlikedtotellthestory,helaughed,thenpaused.“Actually,”hesaid,“Ihaveafuneraltogotothisweek.Iwasreallyhopingtogetahaircut.”Stellerpulledoutaredchairfromhercarandhelpedthemancuthishairimmediately.Aftertheworkwasfinished,Edwardlookedinamirror.“Ilookgood!”hesaid.Untillastyear,Stellerhadgivensuchhaircutstopeoplelivingonthemargins(邊緣)aroundthecity.Shewaskeenlyawareofthepowerofhercleanupjob.“It’smorethanahaircut,”shesaid.“Iwantittobeagateway,toshowvalueandrespect,butalsotogettoknowpeople.Iwanttobuildrelationships.”Stellerknewthatahaircutcouldchangealife.Onechangedhers:Asateen,shesufferedfromaseveredisease,herhairthinneddrastically.Seeingthis,hermotherarrangedforSteller’sfirstprofessionalhaircut.“Tositdownandhavesomebodylookatmeandtalktomelikeapersonandnotjustanillness,ithelpedmefeelcaredaboutandlessalone,”shesaid.Afterthat,Stellerknewshewantedtohaveherownsalonsoshecouldhelppeoplefeelthewayshe’dfeltthatday.Notlongafterfinishingcosmetologyschoolin2009,shebeganwhatshenowcallsherRedChairProject,reachingouttopeopleonthestreets.Heraimwasthatbydoingsomekindacts,otherswouldbeinspiredtospreadtheirown.“Partofwhatbrokemyheartwasjusthowlonelypeoplelooked,”shesaid.“IthoughtmaybeI’dgoaroundandaskifpeoplewantfreehaircuts.Ican’tfixtheirproblems,butmaybeIcanhelpthemfeellessaloneforamoment.”Itallbeganwithabeliefinsimpleactsofkindness,suchasafreehaircut.“Thewayyoushowupintheworldmatters,”saidSteller.“Youhavenoideawhatpeoplearegoingtodowiththekindnessthatyougivethem.”34.HowdidStellerreacttotheman’saskingforhelp?A.Shepaidnoattention.B.Sheofferedafreehaircuttohim.C.Shesentaredchairtohimasapresent.D.Shetoldaninterestingstorytomakehimhappy.35.WhatdidStellermeanbysaying“It’smorethanahaircut”inparagraph6?A.Shethoughtitwasarespectablejob.B.Shehadfoundmoreadvantagesforthejob.C.Sheconsideredhaircutasawaytomakefriends.D.Shehopedherjobcouldmakeadifferencetoothers.36.WhatdidStellerexpectfromRedChairProject?A.Toearnalotofmoney. B.Toknowmorepeople.C.Topassdownthekindness. D.Tomakeherselfstandout.37.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ACutAbove. B.ABeautifulSalon.C.TheGoodBelief. D.TheMiracleofLove.【答案】34.B35.D36.C37.A【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文。講解并描述了凱蒂·斯泰勒在去明尼蘇達(dá)州工作的路上下了高速馬路后給生疏人免費(fèi)理發(fā)傳遞善行的事跡?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)前兩段Shestoppedatatrafficlight,whereamanwassittingwithasignaskingforhelp.Sherolleddownherwindow.“Hey!”sheshouted.“I’mdrivingaroundgivingfreehaircuts.IfIgograbmychair,doyouwantonerightnow?”得知當(dāng)生疏人求助時，凱蒂·斯泰勒供應(yīng)免費(fèi)給他理發(fā)。故選B?！?5題詳解】句意理解題。依據(jù)第6段shesaid.“Iwantittobeagateway,toshowvalueandrespect,butalsotogettoknowpeople.Iwanttobuildrelationships.”得知凱蒂·斯泰勒想通過理發(fā)和生疏人建立關(guān)系，給他人帶來影響。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段Heraimwasthatbydoingsomekindacts,otherswouldbeinspiredtospreadtheirown.得知凱蒂·斯泰勒的紅椅子項(xiàng)目旨在于通過自己的善行，其他人能夠傳遞善行。故選C?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要講解并描述凱蒂·斯泰勒在去明尼蘇達(dá)州工作的路上下了高速馬路后給生疏人免費(fèi)理發(fā)的事跡。ACutAbove.這個標(biāo)題既和“剪發(fā)”切題，又有“更勝一籌”的用法。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】主旨大意題是篇章閱讀一個主要的考查方式，最佳標(biāo)題（besttitle）是其一個典型的考點(diǎn)，也是高考閱讀中每年的必考題。主旨大意題解題技巧是不要被文章細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)所干擾。一般有兩種方式解題：一是看首尾段，依據(jù)首尾段內(nèi)容總結(jié)主題思想；二是看每段段首句，依據(jù)全部段首句總結(jié)主題思想。例如本文中的第四題，這是一篇記敘文，依據(jù)文體特點(diǎn)可知，記敘文一般會在文章最終點(diǎn)名文章中心，所以由文章最終一段中的““Thewayyoushowupintheworldmatters,”saidSteller.“Youhavenoideawhatpeoplearegoingtodowiththekindnessthatyougivethem.”可知凱蒂·斯泰勒通過在去明尼蘇達(dá)州工作的路上下了高速馬路后給生疏人免費(fèi)理發(fā)傳遞善行。且選項(xiàng)A中的cut與freehaircut兩個關(guān)鍵詞都與故事情節(jié)緊密相關(guān)，故選A。CWhyispovertysodifficulttoovercome?Whyarepoorerpeoplelesslikelytoinvestintheirownlearningandabilitydevelopment,butmorelikelytobeaddictedtotelevisionandvideogames?Inthepast,apoorpersonwasnormallyconsideredtohavebadcharacterorhavenoambition.Banerjeecorrectssuchviewsandexplainstheeconomicsbehindthepoor.Poorpeopletendtolivewithmoreworriesintheirlives,hesaid,sotheyneedtoolssuchastelevisions,cellphones,junkfoodandvideogamestorelieveworriesmorethanothers.Butinvestmentinlearningoftentakesalongtimetogetrewards,whilethepoorareoftenimpatientduetoeconomicreasons,andtheirlifeinthemeantimeisgettingmoreworrisomeandboring.Thatgoesforhealth.Banerjeeandhiswifefindthatthepoorspendthesameamountofmoneyandtime,orevenmoreonhealthandmedicalcarethanthemiddleclassgroup,buttheytendtogetbadeffects.Thereasonisthatthepooroftenlacktheessentialmedicalandhealthyknowledgeandtheytendtogetmedicaltreatmentwhenthediseasehasworsenedtoacertainstage.Besides,theytendtotrustthedoctorswho“givestrongmedicine”becausetheybelievesuchdoctorsarethe“good”ones.Butinfact,“strongmedicine”alwaysleadstoresistancetodrugsandovertreatment.Thiskindofattitude,whichemphasizestreatmentratherthanearlyprevention,hasbroughtmanypoorpeoplemoreeconomicstressandphysicaldamage,andevenhasaffectedtheeducationoftheirnextgeneration.Accordingtothestudy,childreninpoorerphysicalconditiontendtospendlesstimeinschoolandhavelowerincomesaftergraduation,sopovertygets“inherited”.Whenitcomestofinance,Banerjee'sresearchhasfoundthatthepooroftenneedtoborrowlittleandshort-termloanswhilepayingextremelyhighinterestrates.Itisalsobecausethepoortendtotakehigherfinancialriskstheyoftenhaveunstableincomesandareunabletogetworkingcapitalfrombanks,sotheyrelymoreonthesehigh-interestloans.Andthesesmallloansputabrakeontheirsavingsagainstrisks.Howcouldthepoorstepintothemiddleclass?Maybestartingabusinessisawayout.Butfortheextremelypoor,it'simpossibletogetthecapitaltheyneedtostartabusiness.Inmostcases,amorepracticaloptionisgettingajobingovernmentagenciesbecausecomparativelyspeaking,governmentjobsareverystable,whichgivethepoortheopportunitiestobehiredforthelongterm,toincreasetherangeoftheirthinkingandthusenablingfamiliestomovefrompovertytothemiddleclass.Banerjee'sresearchprovidesanewperspectiveforgovernmentstounderstandpoverty,sothatpoliciescanbetailoredtodecreasepovertyandultimatelyeliminate(消退)it.38.Howdothepoordealwiththeissueofhealth?A.Theyspendlessmoneyinpreventingdisease.B.Theyfocusmoreonthediseasesthanearlyprevention.C.Theyusuallythinkitessentialtoresiststrongmedicine.D.Theyarewillingtogetfreemedicaltreatmentfromthegovernment.39.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,wecanlearnthat_______.A.povertyisproducedbythepoorB.povertyispasseddownbytheirparentsC.povertyhassomebadeffectsonthepoorD.povertycausespeopletobearmoreeconomicstress40.Banerjeeconsidersitdifficulttoovercomepovertybecause________.A.thepoorhavebadcharacterorhavenoambitionB.thepoorprefertoinvestinbusinessratherthanworkC.thegovernmenthasn’ttakenproperandeffectivemeasureD.thepoorweretroubledbytheirlives,healthandfinance41.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thepoorhaveattachedimportancetoeducation.B.Thegovernmentcan’tprovidethejobsforthepoor.C.Allthepoorneedtostartabusinessfortheirsurvival.D.Banerjee'sresearchishelpfulforthegovernmenttoridofpoverty.【答案】38.B39.B40.D41.D【解析】本文是爭論文。為什么貧困很難克服？班納吉從對窮人們在生活、健康和財務(wù)方面的探討三方面分析為政府供應(yīng)了一個新的視角?！?8題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段.Thiskindofattitude,whichemphasizestreatmentratherthanearlyprevention,hasbroughtmanypoorpeoplemoreeconomicstressandphysicaldamage,得知窮人們對待健康的方式是關(guān)注疾病而不是早期預(yù)防。故選B?！?9題詳解】句意揣測題。依據(jù)前句andevenhasaffectedtheeducationoftheirnextgeneration.Accordingtothestudy,childreninpoorerphysicalconditiontendtospendlesstimeinschoolandhavelowerincomesaftergraduation,得知貧困父母會影響下一代的教化，窮人家的孩子體質(zhì)更差，在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)少。貧困是可以遺傳的。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段Poorpeopletendtolivewithmoreworriesintheirlives,第三段Thatgoesforhealth.Banerjeeandhiswifefindthatthepoorspendthesameamountofmoneyandtime,第四段Whenitcomestofinance,Banerjee'sresearchhasfoundthatthepooroftenneedtoborrowlittle得知班納吉認(rèn)為克服貧困很難，因?yàn)楦F人們在生活、健康和財務(wù)方面被困擾。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段Banerjee'sresearchprovidesanewperspectiveforgovernmentstounderstandpoverty,sothatpoliciescanbetailoredtodecreasepovertyandultimatelyeliminate(消退)it.得知班納吉的探討為政府供應(yīng)了一個新的視角?？梢酝茢喑霭嗉{吉的探討有助于政府來解決貧困。故選D。DAIcanidentifyraregeneticdisordersPeoplewithgeneticsyndromes(基因遺傳綜合癥)sometimeshaverevealingfacialfeatures,butusingthemtomakeaquickandcheapdiagnosiscanbetrickywhentherearehundredsofpossibleconditionstheymayhave.Anewneural(神經(jīng)的)networkthatanalysesphotographsoffacescanhelpdoctorsnarrowdownthepossibilities.GurovichatbiotechnologyfirmFDNAinBostonandhisteambuiltaneuralnetworktolookatthegestalt(形態(tài))–oroverallimpressionoffacesandreturnalistofthe10geneticsyndromesapersonismostlikelytohave.Theytrainedtheneuralnetwork,calledDeepGestalt,on17,000imagescorrectlylabeledtocorrespondtomorethan200geneticsyndromes.TheteamthenaskedtheAItoidentifypotential

geneticdisorders

fromafurther502photographsofpeoplewithsuchconditions.Itincludedthecorrectansweramongitslistof10responses91

percentofthetime.GurovichandhisteamalsotestedtheAI’sabilitytodistinguishbetweendifferent

geneticmutations

(突變)thatcanleadtothesamesyndrome.TheyusedimagesofpeoplewithNoonansyndrome,whichcanresultfrommutationsinoneoffivegenes.DeepGestaltaccuratelyidentifiedthegeneticsourceofthephysicalappearance64percentofthetime.“It’sclearlynotperfect,”saysGurovich.“Butit’sstillmuchbetterthanhumansareattryingtodothis.”Asthesystemmakesitsassessments,thefacialregionsthatweremosthelpfulinthedeterminationarehighlightedandmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.Thishelpsthemtounderstandtherelationshipsbetweengeneticmake-upandphysicalappearance.Thefactthatthediagnosisisbasedonasimplephotographraises

questionsofprivacy.Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics,thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould,inprinciple,secretlyusesuchtechniquestodiscriminateagainstpeoplewithahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.However,Gurovichsaysthetoolwillonlybeavailabletodoctors.ChristofferNellakerattheUniversityofOxfordsaysthistechniquecouldbringsignificantbenefitsforthosewithgeneticsyndromes.“Thisisnotfundamentallydifferentinformationthanwe’resharingwalkingdownthestreet,orwe’rehappytosharewithFacebookorGoogle,”hesays.“Butquestioningthedatainthiswaymeansyoucanobtaininformationabouthealthordiseasestatus.“Therealvaluehereisthatforsomeoftheseextremerarediseases,theprocessofdiagnosiscanbemany,manyyears.Thiskindoftechnologycanhelpnarrowdownthesearchspaceandthenbeconfirmedthroughcheckinggeneticmarkers,”hesays.Forsomediseases,thiskindoftechnologywillcutdownthetimetodiagnosethoroughly.Forothers,itcouldperhapsaddameansoffindingotherpeoplewiththediseaseand,inturn,helpfindnewtreatmentsorcures.42.WhatisthepurposeofGurovich’sneuralnetwork?A.TotesttheAI’sability.B.Toanalyzephotographsoffaces.C.Tohelpdoctorsreducetherangeofthediagnosis.D.Toresearchtheoverallimpressionofpatients’faces.43.WhatdisadvantagedoesDeepGestaltbring?A.Itwillprobablyinvolveinthepeople’sprivacy.B.Itcannotprovideinformationabouthealthordisease.C.Thediagnosisbasedonasimplephotographisnotaccurate.D.Itcouldperhapsaddameansoffindingotherpeoplewiththedisease.44.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theresultofthea