中考復(fù)習(xí)-名詞

中考易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)總結(jié)復(fù)習(xí)快樂(lè)學(xué)習(xí)共同進(jìn)步近義詞辨析不同國(guó)人的復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞的量化的表示名詞作定語(yǔ)名詞易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)歸納：雙重所有格名詞名詞是中考考查的重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目之一，考查的題型很多，有單項(xiàng)填空、完形填空等，其中名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格是中考的熱點(diǎn)。年份考點(diǎn)題型分值2011詞義辨析(rules)單項(xiàng)填空(26)1詞義辨析(noise,answer)完形填空(48,51)2詞語(yǔ)的用法(July,window,grass/ground)看圖短文填空(71,72,77)4.52010詞義辨析和名詞單復(fù)數(shù)(sizes)單項(xiàng)填空(26)1詞義辨析(promise)完形填空(46)1詞語(yǔ)的用法(park,friends/persons/people,hand)看圖短文填空

(71,76,78)4.52009－2011

年廣東省卷考點(diǎn)一覽表考綱透析2009詞義辨析(lemonade)單項(xiàng)填空(44)1詞義辨析(parents)完形填空(53)1詞語(yǔ)的用法(computer/PC,winter,newspapers)看圖短文填空

(71,74,76)4.5中考考什么？考點(diǎn)1：可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)考點(diǎn)２：不可數(shù)名詞考點(diǎn)３：名詞所有格（一）課前測(cè)評(píng)《總復(fù)習(xí)》P68

寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 1.minute_______goose_______half_______classmate__________mirror_______2.glass_______cup_______family_______match_______wife_______3.park_______factory_______potato_______thief_______photo________minutesgeesehalvesclassmatesmirrorsglassescupsfamiliesmatcheswivesparksfactoriespotatoesthievesphotos考點(diǎn)1：可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)4.baby_______watch_______hero_______key_______party_______5.knife_______brush_______leaf_______piano_______mouth_______6.man_______woman_______box_______life_______people_______7.sheep_______deer_______child_______foot_______tooth_______babieswatchesheroesknivesbrushesleavespianosmouthsmenwomenboxeslivespeoplesheepdeerchildrenfeetteethkeysparties考點(diǎn)1掃描：名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化1.一般直接加s2.“輔+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i再加es3.以s,x,ch,sh

結(jié)尾的名詞，加es4.以o結(jié)尾的，無(wú)生命的加s，有生命的加es。5.以f/fe結(jié)尾的，變f/fe

為v再加esphoto-photospotato-potatoesroofs,chiefs(除外）baby—babiescity—citiesbox-boxeswatch-watcheswife-wivesknife-knivesP71南粵中考1,3,51.(2011廣東)-Ihearyourunforhalfanhoureveryday.--Right,wehaveto.Itisoneofthe____inourschool.A.rulesB.plansC.hobbiesD.choices中考鏈接3.(2011廣東茂名）-Thisisthefirsttimeintheir_____toskiontheApls.A.lifeB.lifesC.lives5.(2010廣東)Look!thekitesintheskyareindifferent___.Somearebigandsomearesmall.A.sizeB.sizesC.colorD.colors不規(guī)則變化：1．改變字母變復(fù)數(shù)。如：man—menwoman—womenfoot—feettooth—teethgoose—geesemouse—micechild—children

ox—oxen

2．表示“某國(guó)人”的名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)：(1)單復(fù)數(shù)同形：中國(guó)人(Chinese)、日本人(Japanese)、瑞士人(Swiss)

（2）英國(guó)人和法國(guó)人將man改為menEnglishman–EnglishmenEnglishwoman–EnglishmenFrenchman-FrenchmenFrenchwoman–Frenchwomen

(3)其他各國(guó)人直接加-s。如：American(s),German(s),Russian(s),Australian(s),Indian(s),Korean(s)。Summary1.中國(guó)人Chinese和日本人Japanese，單復(fù)數(shù)同形2.英國(guó)人Englishman和法國(guó)人Frenchman，變man為men3.其他國(guó)家人，加sP71南粵中考2，72.（2011深圳）--Couldyoupleasetellmesomethingaboutthetwo___?--______.TheyareexchangestudentsofNo.1MiddleSchool.A.Frenchmen;Yes,pleaseB.Frenchmans;ComeonC.Germen;NotatallD.Germans;Allright中考鏈接1．單復(fù)數(shù)同形。如：sheep,deer,means（方法，手段）,fish(魚)。

2．集體名詞，如police,people,class,family,team,group,等。當(dāng)這類詞強(qiáng)調(diào)每一個(gè)個(gè)體成員時(shí)，是復(fù)數(shù)概念，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整個(gè)團(tuán)體，則視為單數(shù)概念特殊的復(fù)數(shù)形式：3．復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，變后面的名詞。如：twoappletrees,shoeshops,tenboystudents,girlfriends,twinsisters。(2010廣東茂名)—Wecanseetwo_____inthepicture.A.appletreeB.applestreesC.appletrees

但如果由man,woman

構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，則兩個(gè)都要變。如：twomenteachers,somewomendoctors。１.Iwanttwo____,couldyougivemeonemore,please?A.applesB.appleC.milkD.orange2.Itisautumnnow,___arefallingdownfromtrees.A.leavesB.leafsC.leafD.lives模擬中考3.Wewalkwithour____A.footB.feetC.footsD.feets4.Howmany____arethereinyourschool?A.ChineseB.RussianC.AmericanD.Englishman5.Allthe____aremadeof___,notplastic.A.glass,glassB.glasses,glassC.glasses,glassesD.glass,glasses6.Ilikeshoppinginthiscoffeeshop,becausethe___arenotonlyfriendlybutalsohandsome.manwaitersB.menwaitersC.menwaiterD.manwaiter考點(diǎn)2不可數(shù)名詞（一）課前檢測(cè)：《總復(fù)習(xí)》P68一、將下列名詞歸類noodle,chalk,bread,pie,weather,pen,parent,newspaper,water,paper,factory,present,computer,furniture,size,lemonade,friend,person,wood,promise,gold,English1.可數(shù)名詞：noodle,chalk,pie,pen,parent,newspaper,factory,present,computer,size,friend,person,promisedifficulty,mistake,2.不可數(shù)名詞：bread,weather,water,paper,furniture,lemonade,wood,gold,English考點(diǎn)2掃描：1.不可數(shù)名詞是指不能以數(shù)目來(lái)計(jì)算，不可以分成個(gè)體的，表示某種概念、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、感情或物質(zhì)材料的名詞可歸納為：（1）材料類：paper,wood,cotton,wool,glass,gold,metal等（2）食物類：food,meat,chicken,beef,fish,pork,sausagedrink,water,milk,juice,tea,orange,coffee,,lemonade,wine,beer,soup,oil,bread,rice,,salad,,sodasalt,sugar.icecream,cheese,fruit,肉類液體粉類(3)自然類：weather,wind,snow,rain,ice,fog,sunshine,grass,air,fire,smoke,light,noise,universe,earth,sand等（4）學(xué)科，語(yǔ)言：Chinese,English,French,biology,geography,physics,math等（5）抽象概念：time,work,homework,housework,news,information,advice,fun,progress,knowledge,business等（6）表示總稱：clothing,furniture,fruit,luggage,equipment等.注意：有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式的意義不同單詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)paper報(bào)紙，試卷，文件紙glass玻璃杯玻璃room房間空間fish魚魚肉chicken小雞雞肉orange橘子橘子汁2.不可數(shù)名詞不可以直接用a,an,one,two等來(lái)修飾。表示不可數(shù)名詞的量可以用以下兩種方法：（1）用of短語(yǔ)表示，如：apieceofpaper（一張紙）twobottlesofmilk（兩瓶牛奶）threekilosofrice（三公斤大米）（2）用特定的詞或短語(yǔ)表示：much,little,alittle,alotof/lotsof,some,any等..somemoney(一些錢),alittlewater（一點(diǎn)水）abitofcoffee（一點(diǎn)咖啡）《總復(fù)習(xí)》P714，64.(2011廣東清遠(yuǎn))—I’msohungry.Pleasegiveme_____toeat.A.threebreadB.threepiecesofbreadC.threepiecesofbreadsD.threepieceofbread中考鏈接6.（2010）廣東深圳—What____youusuallyhaveforbreakfast?___________andacupofcoffee.A.do;ThreebreadB.do;ThreepiecesofbreadC.are;ThreebreadsD.are;Threepieceofbread2012年中考預(yù)測(cè)演練1.Mr.Greenishungry.Givehim＿＿toeat.A.abottleofwaterB.somejuiceC.threepiecesofbreadD.somesalt2.Weneedtocomeupwithan___andmakeadecisionatonce.A.informationB.adviceC.ideaD.news3.Thenumberoftheteachersintheirschoolisabout200andonefourthofthemare_____A.womanteacherB.womenteachersC.womenteacherD.womanteachers√√√4.Yesterdayshegaveme___onlearningChinese.A.someadvicesB.anadviceC.manyadvicesD.someadvice5.Afew___werehurt,butno___werelostinthataccident.A.person;lifeB.people;livesC.peoples;livesD.persons;life√√6.–Iseverythingreadyforthepicnic?--Wehaven’tmuch___forourpicnic.Willyougoandgetsome?A.appleB.breadC.tomatoD.bean7.Itwasveryhardformetomakea___,butIdecidedtoleavemyjob.A.suggestionB.decisionC.planD.speech8.Mymotheristhebusiestinmy___.Shedoesalotofhouseworkeveryday.A.schoolB.libraryC.familyD.park√√√1.《中考總復(fù)習(xí)》P71鞏固練習(xí)2.明天聽寫P3易錯(cuò)單詞Homework

名詞所有格名詞所有格用來(lái)表示名詞和名詞之間的所屬關(guān)系。1．有生命的名詞的所有格：(1)一般名詞的所有格是在詞尾加“'s”。如：Lily'sfather莉莉的爸爸mother'sbirthday母親的生日Children'sDay兒童節(jié)men'sclothes男式服裝

(2)以-s或-es

結(jié)尾的名詞，無(wú)論單復(fù)數(shù)，其所有格只需在后面加“’

”。如：

thedoctors'office醫(yī)生辦公室

thebus'door公交車的門

(3)表示“兩者(或以上)共同所有”時(shí)，只需在最后一個(gè)名詞后加“'s”；若表示“兩者(或以上)各自擁有”時(shí)，要在每一個(gè)名詞后都加“'s”。如：

LucyandLily'sroom

露西和莉莉的房間(共同所有，只有一個(gè)房間，room用單數(shù))

Lucy'sandLily'srooms

露西的房間和莉莉的房間(各自擁有一個(gè)房間，room用復(fù)數(shù)) (4)在表示“店鋪”“某人的家”“診所”或“餐館”的名詞所有格后面，一般省掉它所修飾的名詞。如：

atMr.White's(house)在懷特先生家

atthebarber's(shop)在理發(fā)店

atthedoctor's在醫(yī)生的診所里thetailor's裁縫鋪

(5)雙重所有格：在表示所屬物的名詞前有冠詞、數(shù)詞、不定代詞或指示代詞(如a,two,some,afew,this,that,these,those等)時(shí)，用“of＋名詞所有格”或“of＋名詞性物主代詞”來(lái)表示所屬關(guān)系。如：aphotoofmyfather's我父親的一張照片someinventionsofEdison'sthatnovelofherbrother's

愛迪生的一些發(fā)明她兄弟的那本小說(shuō)afriendofmine＝oneofmyfriends我的一位