2024年中考英語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)語(yǔ)法填空經(jīng)典成語(yǔ)故事改編出題

語(yǔ)法填空（1）（孟母三遷）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AWiseMotherMencius’smotherisagreatmotherofZouState.1______(make)hersongetagoodeducation,shemovedherfamilythreetimes.WhenMenciuswasachild,helivednearagraveyard.2______,heoftenplayednearthegraveandimitatedpeople’scryingor3______(dig)thetombs.Whenhismothersawthis,shesaid,“It’snotagoodplace4______achildtolivein.”Thenshemovedthefamilytoahousenearamarket.SoonMencius5______(begin)imitatingpeople’shawkingandbargaining.Hefoundit6______(interest)andplayedagainandagain.Hismotherfoundthisplacestillnotgoodforachildtolivein.Shedecidedtomoveawayagain.7______lasttheysettleddownnearaschool.Beforelong,Menciusbeganimitatingthe8______(student)readingandwriting.Hebecamemorepoliteandhardworking.Thenhismothersaid,“Thisisagoodplaceforachildtolivein.”WhenMenciusgrewup,hewaswellknownforhis9______(polite)andtalent.Thisstorytellsusagood10______(education)environmentisveryimportantforchildren.（2）愚公移山閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Mr.FoolThereweretwomountains1______JizhouinthesouthandHeyanginthenorth.Bothofthemwereveryhigh.Anoldman,2______(call)Mr.Fool,livedinthenorthofthemountainwithhisfamily.Hewasnearlyninety3______(year)old.Becauseofthesetwohighmountains,thewholefamilyhadto4______(walk)alongwayfromonesidetotheothersideofthemountains.Oneday,Mr.Foolcalledallhisfamilytogethertotalkabout5______(move)thetwomountainstootherplace.Allofthemagreed.Soit6______(decide).Hischildrenstartedtodigthemountainswithhim.Thenextday,amancalledSmartcameandsaid,“Whydidyoudothat?Thesetwomountainsaresohighandyouaresooldandweak!7______canyoumovethemountains?”Mr.Foollaughedandsaid,“It’snotdifficult8______all!Look!Thosetwomountainsarestillthere,9______Ihavemychildren,andmychildren10______(have)theirchildren,generationsaftergenerations,there’snoend.Ibelievesomedaythemountainswillbemoved.”（3）坐井觀天閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AFrogTherewasafroglivinginanarrowwell.Heneverwentout1______thewellbuthelivedahappylifeunderthewell.In2______(he)opinion,theskyisjustasbigasthemouthofthewell.Oneday,acrowcametothewellandsawthefrog.Thefrogasked,“Whereareyoufrom?”Thenthecrowsaid,“Iefromfar3______,andIhaveflownmorethanonehundredli.NowIamso4______(tire)andthirsty.”Thefrogwasverysurprisedandsaid,“Really?Areyou5______(kid)me?Theskyisonlyasbig6______themouthofthewell.Howcanyouflyoveronehundredli?”Thecrowheardthatandlaughed,“7______(exactly),theskyisendless.Butyoualwaysstayinthewell,soyoudon’tknow8______bigtheskyis.”However,thefrogstilldidn’tbelieveinthecrow.Thecrowsaid,“Youcaneoutofthewellandhavealookby9______(your)!”Intheend,thefrogjumpedoutofthewellandhewasreallystunned10______thesizeofthesky!Hewasashamedandsaid,“Iamjustafrogunderthewell!”（4）千里送鵝毛閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DuringtheTangDynastymorethan1,000yearsago,peoplehadto1______(send)giftstotheemperor(皇帝).Once,amancalledMian2______(ask)totakesomeswans(鵝)incagestotheemperor.Whenhewaspassingalake,hefoundthattheswanswerehotanddirty.Hewanted3______(let)theswansloosesotheycouldhaveabathinthelake.4______theswansflewawayassoonastheywereletout.Onlyafewfeathers(羽毛)wereleft.5______frightenedthemanwaswhenhesawthat.Suddenly,hegot6______idea.Hepickedupafeatherfromthegroundandleftforthecapital.Whenhearrivedatthepalace,theemperorwasacceptingvaluablegiftsfrom7______(official).Everyonewas8______(surprise)whenMianpresentedhisfeather.Mianthenbegantosing,“I’veeathousandlitosendyouthegift.ButI9______(lose)myswansatalake.Mygiftisnotvaluable,butmyloveandrespectforyouaretrue.”TheemperorwaspleasedatMian’swit(智慧).Instead10______punishinghim,hegavehimabigreward.（5）沉魚落雁閉月羞花閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。FishsinkandwildgeesedropwhenseeingherTooutshinethemoonandputflowerstoshameWhydowedescribefemalebeautywithidiomslike“fishsinkandwildgeesedropwhenseeingher”and“Tooutshinethemoonandputflowerstoshame”?There1______(be)“FourGreatBeauties”inancientChinesehistory.TheywereXishi,WangZhaojun,Diaochan,andYangYuhuan.Theseidiomsefromthefour2______(lady)goodlooks.XishilivedduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770476BC).Sheoftenwashedyarn(紗)atariverbank.Fishintheriversawherreflectioninthewater.Amazedbyherbeauty,theywouldforget3______toswimandsinktothebottomoftheriver.WangZhaojunlivedduringtheWesternHanDynasty(202BC8AD).Shewassaidtobe4______beautifulthatflyinggeesewouldfallfromtheskyuponseeingherface.Diaochanisacharacterin5______famousnovelRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms(《三國(guó)演義》).Shemaynothave6______(actual)existed.Butstoriessaythatonce,whenDiaochanwas7______(enjoy)themoonlightinherbackyard,themoonquicklyshiedaway.ThiswasbecauseDiaochan'sfacewaseven8______(bright)thanthemoon!YangYuhuanwasaconcubine(妃子)ofEmperorXuanzongoftheTangDynasty(618907AD).Shewassaidtohaveaface9______couldputflowerstoshame.Whenshetouchedtheflowersinhergarden,theirpetals(花瓣)wouldshrinkaway(退縮)10______once.（6）露馬腳閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Torevealahorse’sfootThereisaChineseidiomloumajiao(torevealahorse’sfoot).Itmeansthatasecrethasbeenrevealed.Wheredoestheidiomefrom?Inonestory,loumajiaoisconnectedtoEmpress(皇后)Ma.ShewasthewifeofZhuYuanzhang,the1______(one)emperoroftheMingDynasty.Inthepast,peoplethoughtsmallfeetwere2______(beautiful)thanbigfeet.Soyounggirlswouldbind(捆綁)theirfeettopreventthemfrom3______(grow)bigger.ButtheyoungMalikedtopractisemartialarts(武術(shù)).Shedidn’twanttobindherfeet.Soherfeetgrewlargerthanother4______(woman)feet.Aftershebecametheempress,Mahidherfeetunderalonggown(袍子).Oneday,whenshe5______(sit)inapalanquin(轎子)nearabusystreet,astrongwindblewhergownup.Shewasnotable6______(hide)herfeetintime.Manypeoplesawherfeetandquicklyspreadthewordsacrossthecountry.TheidiomLoumajiaoesfromthisstory.7______,researchshowsthatloumajiaomayhaveactuallyefromakindofancientcelebration.Theqilinisamythical(虛構(gòu)的)creaturethatstands8______goodluck.Inancienttimes,peoplewouldpaintaqilinskinonalargepieceofcloth.Theyputtheclothonahorseso9______thehorsewouldlooklikeaqilin.However,thehorse’sfeetwerehardtocoverupandcouldeasily10______(see).Gradually,loumajiaocametomean“revealingasecret”.InEnglish,theidioms“spill(潑灑)thebeans”or“l(fā)etthecatoutofthebag”havethesamemeaning.（7）才高八斗閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。EightbushelsoftalentWhyistheChineseidiom“caigaobadou(才高八斗)”usedtodescribea1______(talent)person?ThisidiomisbasedonastoryaboutCaoZhi(192232),thesonofCaoCao(155220).CaoZhiwasoneofthe2______(good)poetsofhistime.Besideshispoetry,hisfu(賦)andprose(散文)werealsoexcellent.His3______(work),suchasLuoshenFu,arefullofbeautifuldescriptionsandfancy(優(yōu)美的)language.XieLingyun(385433)wasafamouspoet,too.Hewasquiteproud4______hisownwriting.5______healsoadmiredCaoZhi’stalent.Heoncesaidtoothers,“Heavenonlygavetheworldonedan(石)oftalent,andCaoZhialonehadeightdou.Ideserveonedou,andalltheotherpoetsshouldshare6______lastdou.”Danwastheancient7______(China)measureforgrain.Onedanisequalto(等于)tendou.8______then,theidiom“caigaobadou”hasbeenusedtodescribeaperson9______isverygiftedandhasagreattalentforwriting.It10______(translate)into“eightbushelsoftalent”inEnglish.（8）囊螢映雪閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。PursueknowledgeunderdifficultiesDuringtheJinDynasty(265420),therewasachildnamedCheYin.Hewassmartandlovedtoread.Hegrewupinapoorfamilyandcouldn'taffordlampoil1______(study)atnight.Onenight,hesawfireflies(螢火蟲)outsidehishouseandcameup2______anidea.Hecaughtsomefirefliesinaclothbagand3______(hang)thebagupasalamp.Itissaidthathespentallofhissummernights4______(read)likethis.AnotherchildnamedSunKangalsolovedreading.Onenightduringwinter,Sunusedupallofhislampoilandcouldn'tstudyatnight.Whenhewoke5______atmidnight,hesawthesnow6______(reflect)themoonlightoutsidehishouse.“Oh,Icanusethereflectedlighttoread!”hethought.Hetookouthisbooksandread,even7______hewasfreezingcold.Bothofthesekidslaterbecame8______(success)governmentofficials.People9______(touch)bytheirhardworkingspiritandturnedtheirstoriesintotheChineseidiomnangyingyingxue(囊螢映雪).Allofuscanlearnalotfromthese10______(story).Althoughtheydon'ttakeplaceinmoderntimes,theyarejustlikethedim(微弱的)lightoffirefliestheylightuptheroadtoknowledge.（9）亡羊補(bǔ)牢閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MendthefoldafterasheepislostOnceuponatime,therewasashepherd(牧羊人).Heraiseddozensof1______(sheep).Hetended(照料)thesheep2______thedaytime,andkepttheminthesheepfold(羊圈)atnight.Onemorning,theshepherdfoundthatonesheepwas3______(miss).Hisneighborhelpedhim4______(check)thesheepfold.“Thereisaholeinthewallofyoursheepfold.Awolfwentinthroughtheholeandtookthesheepawayatnight.Youshouldmendthesheepfold5______(quick)andfillupthehole,”theneighborsaid.Theshepherd6______(reply),“Ihavealreadylostthesheep.Itisnousemendingthesheepfold.”Thenextmorning,theshepherdfoundthatanothersheepwasmissing.Theneighborsaid,“Thewolfwentinthroughtheholeagainandtookanothersheep.Aren’tyougoingtomendthesheepfold?”Theshepherdfilleduptheholecarefully7______once.Afterthat,noneofhissheep8______(take)awaybythewolf.Ifthereisamistake,weshouldcorrectit9______soonaspossible.Inthisway,wecanavoidmore10______(lose).（10）閉門羹閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。EatabowlofdoorclosingthicksoupInChina,whenyourefusedsomeone,heorshemightsayheorsheeatsabowlofdoorclosingthicksoup.InChinese,itiscalled“Eatingabowlofdoorclosingthicksoup(閉門羹)”Whatisthestorybehindthissaying?It1______(say)thatduringtheTangDynasty,therelivedabeautifulwomannamedShiFeng.Manyyoung2______(man)wantedtomarryher.ButShiwashardtoimpress.Sheaskedheradmirers(追求者)3______(write)poemsandshowthemtoher.Shedidthistosee4______talentedtheywere.IfShilikedsomeone'spoems,shewouldagreetomeethim.Ifshedidn't,shewouldn'tmeethim.Butthen,tobepolite,shewouldat5______(little)givehimabowlof“geng”toeat.Geng“isatypeofthicksoup.Itis6______(usual)madewithgrain,fruitandvegetables.Astime7______(pass),“eatingabowlofthicksoup”cametomean“beingrefused”.Thedishwasalsonicknamed“doorclosingthicksoup”,sinceShiwouldnotopenherdoorforthepeople8______receivedthedish.Butthereisatwist(轉(zhuǎn)折)tothisstory.“Doorclosingthicksoup”wassaidtobe9______tastythatpeoplestartedingtoShi'sdoornottomarryher,buttohave10______tasteofthesoup!

參考答案(1)1.tomake2.Therefore3.digging4.for5.began6.interesting7.At8.students’9.politeness10.educational(2)1.between2.calle