外研版高中英語選擇性必修第二冊Unit6 Part1 Starting out Understanding ideas練習(xí)含答案

Unit6SurvivalPart1Startingout&Understandingideas基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.The(垃圾)thrownbythecitizensmaycontributetothespreadofthisinfectiousdisease.

2.Whilebringingaboutsomenetwork(罪行),theInternetalsobenefitsourlives.

3.(易錯(cuò)題)Twojewel(小偷)werecaughtbythepoliceandputintoprisonforatwo-yearsession.

4.(2024陜西榆林校考改編)Itis(預(yù)計(jì))that23millionhomesintheUKareconnectedtothegasgrid(網(wǎng)).

5.Teachers'andparents'guidanceplaysacroleinchildren'sgrowth.

Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.Somepeopleare(greed)whenitcomestomoney,whichmayruintheirvitalrelationship.

2.Miss.LispeaksfluentlyRussian,whichmakesiteasyforhertofitinthelocals.

3.Hehascommittedhimselfto(do)everythinginhispowertopreventthecrisisfromhappening.

4.Thedoctorsuggestedthatsheshouldrestrictherselfto(take)inhigh-fatfoodtoimproveherhealthcondition.

5.Iappreciated(give)thechancetotakepartintheEnglishcompetition.

6.Mostofthe3Dfoodprintsnow(restrict)todryingredients,becausemeatandmilkproductsmayeasilygobad.

7.Ithasnotbeendecidedwhichplantobeadopted;therefore,wehavenochoicebut(wait).

Ⅲ.選詞填空crashinto;underconstruction;figureout;inone'swayOnaMondaymorning,Idrovetoworkasusual.Theroadwas1.sothetrafficwascrowded.Icouldn'tdriveveryfastbecausealotofbusesandcarsgot2..Suddenly,atruck3.thebackofmycarbeforeIcould4.whathadhappened.Luckily,weweren'tinjuredandonlythesurfaceofthecarwasdamaged.

Ⅳ.完成句子1.(2021全國甲寫作)Iwouldreallyappreciateyourprovidingmewithinformationandhelp.(句型轉(zhuǎn)換)→youcouldprovidemewithinformationandhelp.

2.犯錯(cuò)誤并不可怕,可怕的是對它的恐懼。(commit)It'snotterrible.Themostterriblethingisthefearforit.(讀后續(xù)寫—主旨升華)

3.Irealizedthathavingastrongmotivationisabigfactorinreachinggoalsonlyaftertalkingtotwostudents.(句型轉(zhuǎn)換:only置于句首的部分倒裝)→thathavingastrongmotivationisabigfactorinreachinggoals.

能力提升練Ⅰ.課文語法填空InaseasidesuburbofCapeTown,achacmababoonstoleabagofshoppingfromacar,1windowwasleftopen.BesidesCapeTown,wildanimalscan2(witness)inotherurbanareasallovertheworld.Itmaybenotbecausethewildanimalshavetakenoverourcities,3becausewehumanshaveinvadedtheirnaturalhabitats.Probablythese“urbananimals”regardourgreencitiesastheirparadise,wheretheycanfindenoughfood.4themeantime,theyneedn'tworryabouttheirpredators.

Sofar,someanimals5(develop)newskillstoadjusttotheirnewhomesintheurbanareas.Urbanracoonsare6(intelligent)thanthewildones.However,quiteafewanimalscan'tadapttotheurbanenvironment.Recent7(study)estimatethatmorethan400millionbirdsdiefromwindowimpactseachyearintheUS,8(make)uparound10%ofthetotalUSbirdpopulation.Migrantbirdshavetochangetheirroutesthroughcitieswithskyscrapers.

Aboveall,nowthatanimalschoose9(lead)theirurbanlife,weshouldlearntounderstandandappreciateourwildneighbours.Onlyinthiswaycanweshareoururbanhabitatswiththem10(harmonious).

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅱ.語法填空(2024山東聊城期中)MillionsofmigratorybirdsstartarrivingattheYellowRiverDeltaNationalNatureReserveinDongying,ShandongProvince,inmid-October.Theyrestinthewetlands,feedingonarichvarietyoffoodsuchasfish,shrimpsandgraintobuildtheir1(strong).Somebirdsevenmakethewetlands2(they)homeallyear.

ZhaoYajie,36,isamemberoftheteampatrolling(巡邏)thewetlandseveryday3(ensure)asafeenvironmentforthebirds.Zhaostartedworkatthereservein2014.Hermainjobsareconductingscientificresearchonecologicalrestorationandprotection,4monitoringthebirds'conditions,suchastheirnumbersandthedifferenttypesofspeciesatthereserve,alongwiththebirds'environment.

Informationgatheredonthebirds'habitshelpsZhaoandhercolleaguescreateabetterenvironmentforthem.Toensurethese5(arrival)havesufficientfood,theteamhascreated6theycall“smalldiningtables”forthebirds.

Overthepastnineyears,Zhao7(visit)allthereserve'smainareas.“Everyyear,Iwelcomemigratorybirdsatthereserveandseethemdepart.Ihaveseensomespeciesseveraltimes,but8eachoccasion,Iamjustasexcitedasthefirsttime,”shesaid.

Inhersparetime,Zhaogivesspeechestostudents9(conduct)fieldstudiesatthereserve.“Thestudentsareveryinterestedinthebirds,plantsandstunninglandscapeatthereserve.Theywilllearnalot,suchaswhyOrientalstorkscommunicatebyclatteringtheirbillsandwhysomegrasstastes10(salt).Studentscanalsotrytheirhandatmakingnests,”shesaid.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅲ.閱讀理解A(2024安徽皖江名校聯(lián)考)Withneedle-liketeethandasharppointednose,agraynursesharkisn'tacreaturethatmostpeoplewouldwanttomeet.ButShaliseLeesfieldisn'toneofthem.TheAustralianteenagercouldn'tthinkofabettercreaturetomeetwhenscuba-divingoffthecoastofSouthWestRocks,nearherhomeinPortMacquarie,acoastaltownnorthofSydney.“Manypeoplesaygraynursesharkslookterrifying,butIthinktheyarethesweetestanimalsever,”shesays.Theslow-movingsharks,whichliketostayneartheseafloorinwarm,shallowwaters,are—forthemostpart—harmlesstohumans.Butthegraynursesharkisunderthreat.Populationshavefallenandhabitatshavebeenlostduetooceanwarmingandhumandevelopment,accordingtotheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN),whichliststhespeciesasseriouslyendangered.OneareawheretheycanstillbeseenisFishRockCave,anunderwatercavern(大洞穴)withauniqueecosystem,40milesupthecoastfromLeesfield'shome.Butfishersareallowedaccesswithin200metersofFishRockCave.Thisisleadingtoadropinthenumberofgraynursesharksandincreasingpollution,saysLeesfield.Shewantstoenlargetheno-fishingarea,establishingaprotectedzone.WithLeesfield'sefforts,theareahasbeennominatedasaHopeSpot,whichispartoftheMissionBlueprogramlaunchedbyfamousoceanographerSylviaEarlethatidentifiesplacesascriticallyimportanttotheocean'shealthandsupportsprotection.“WhenpeoplethinkaboutHopeSpots,theythinkaboutSydneyHarbourortheGreatBarrierReef.SotogetFishRockCaveuponthatlistisjustsuchincrediblenews,”shesays.Now,LeesfieldisworkingwithpoliticianCateFaehrmann,marinespokespersonfortheAustralianGreensPartyinNewSouthWales,tolegalizeprotectionofthesharksandmaketheno-fishingzoneprotectedbythelaw.1.Whatdoes“them”refertointhefirstparagraph?A.Graynursesharks.B.Commonpeople.C.Peoplefearinggraynursesharks.D.Fishers.2.Whathasledtograynursesharks'beingseriouslyendangered?A.Thedevelopmentoftourismintheocean.B.Thesharks'preferenceforstayinginshallowwaters.C.Thefeatureofgraynursesharks'slow-moving.D.Fishers'beingpermittedwithin200metersofFishRockCave.3.WhatwillLeesfieldandFaehrmanndotoprotectgraynursesharks?A.RecommendFishRockCaveasaHopeSpotbeingprotected.B.IdentifytheHopeSpotareaasbeingcriticallycrucial.C.MakeFishRockCavemorepopularamongfishersnearby.D.Makelawstoprotecttheno-fishingzonenearFishRockCave.4.Whichcouldbethebesttitleofthearticle?A.TheAustralianteenagerisonamissiontoprotectsharksB.IncreasingpollutionleadstograynursesharksendangeredC.Graynursesharksareindanger!D.Let'sestablishaprotectedzonetocopewithpollution!B(2024天津河西區(qū)期中)Mydoctortookmeforawalkaroundthefarmwhereshelives.Iwasphysicallyandemotionallyexhaustedanddiscouragedbyanxietyanddepression.Theplacewasfulloflife.Therewereinsects,horses,rabbitsandacat.Shetoldmetofocusonmybodyintheenvironment.WhenIwasill,Itendedtoretreatintomymindanddisconnectfromthehereandnow.So,whenImetahorsenamedFira,Iexpectednothing.

AsIgotclosertoFira,shenuzzled(用鼻子輕輕摩擦)mychest,puttinggentlepressureovermyheart.Somethinghappenedinsideme:IfeltasifIhadreachedawellspring(源泉)ofpasthurts,fearsandfailures.Ibegantomeltemotionally.IpattedFira'snoseandbreathedinhersmell.IfoundIdidn'thavetoconcentrateonfeelingbetter;Firahelpedmefeellovedandsafe.IworkedwithFiraoften,learningbasiccommunicationandleadingmethodstoworktogetherwithher.Initially,Iwasn'tsureexactlywhatonewoulddowithahorseexceptridingit.ButIknewthatFirahadtouchedmeinanuncommonwayandhadmademefeelbetter.Sheconnectedwithmebyreactingtomyemotionalstateandreflectingitbacktomeinanopen,affectionateway.InmymeetingswithFira,IfoundthatIlostmyusualself-consciousnessandIwouldfocusentirelyoncommunicating.Ilearnedtoliveinthepresent,tofocusonwhatwashappeningthisday,atthismoment,inthisplace.Ilearnedtoforgetthepast,withallitshurts.Ilearnedtoforgetthefuture,whichhasn'thappenedyet.Whenyoustandbesideahorse,youexistcompletelyinthemoment.WithFirabymyside,Isawintoalifeinwhichtrustcomesfirst,andcompassionfollows.Ifoundadeeppeaceinleadingheralongapath,byusingmyownpowerofintentiontoindicatewhethertostart,stop,turnleftorturnright.Ifeltinnerquietandevenjoy.Myworkwiththishorsewaspartofajourneyoutofaverydarknightinmysoul.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.Sheoftenlostconsciousness.B.Shelovesanimalsverymuch.C.Shesufferedfrommentalillness.D.Shewenttoadoctorwithhighhopes.6.WhatcanweknowabouttheauthorwhenshemetFiraforthefirsttime?A.Shefeltdeeplytouched.B.Shehadalreadyrecoveredfromherpain.C.Shewascuriousaboutwhatwouldhappen.D.Shebecamegratefulforherpastpain.7.WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseinParagraph3mean?A.Getoutoftrouble.B.Keepawayfromothers.C.Liftmyspirits.D.Makeupmymind.8.WhatdidtheauthorlearnduringhertimewithFira?A.Itisimportanttomakeeverydaycount.B.Oneshouldn'tbeaffectedbyemotions.C.Oneshouldlearnlessonsfromthepast.D.Itismostcrucialtoshowsympathyforothers.答案與分層梯度式解析Unit6SurvivalPart1Startingout&Understandingideas基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.1.garbage2.crimes3.thieves易錯(cuò)歸因本題易錯(cuò)填thiefs,主要原因是對以-f/-fe結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則不清楚。該規(guī)則是把f/fe變?yōu)関,再加-es?？梢越柚韵驴谠E掌握這些變化的詞:小偷(thief)和妻子(wife)頭戴葉子(leaf),拿著小刀(knife)去殺狼(wolf),走了一半(half),碰倒了架子(shelf)。但要注意:roof(屋頂)和proof(證據(jù))兩個(gè)詞雖以-f結(jié)尾,但其復(fù)數(shù)形式是在詞尾直接加-s,而不是變f為v加-es。4.estimated5.crucialⅡ.1.greedy考查形容詞。句意:有些人在金錢方面很貪婪,這可能會(huì)破壞他們至關(guān)重要的關(guān)系。設(shè)空處在句中作系動(dòng)詞are的表語,結(jié)合句意可知此處表示“貪婪的,貪心的”,應(yīng)用greed的形容詞形式,故填greedy。2.with考查介詞。句意:李小姐能說一口流利的俄語,這使她很容易與當(dāng)?shù)厝舜虺梢黄itinwith為固定搭配,意為“與……相適應(yīng)或相協(xié)調(diào)”。故填with。3.doing考查動(dòng)名詞。commitoneselfto(doing)sth.意為“使自己致力于(做)某事”,其中to為介詞。故填doing。4.taking考查動(dòng)名詞。句意:醫(yī)生建議她少吃高脂肪的食物以改善她的健康狀況。restrictoneselftodoingsth.意為“限制某人做某事”,其中to為介詞。故填taking。5.beinggiven考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:我很感激能有機(jī)會(huì)參加這次英語比賽。appreciatedoing意為“感激做某事”,主語I與give之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式作賓語。故填beinggiven。6.arerestricted考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意:由于肉類和奶制品容易變質(zhì),大多數(shù)3D食品打印現(xiàn)在僅限于干燥的食材。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,because前邊為主句,主句中缺少謂語,則空處應(yīng)填謂語動(dòng)詞。由主句中的now及句意可知此處為客觀陳述,表示現(xiàn)階段的一般情況,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主句主語Mostofthe3Dfoodprints與restrict之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài);主語為復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填arerestricted。7.towait考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意:尚未決定采用哪一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃,因此,我們別無選擇,只能等待。havenochoicebuttodo為固定搭配,意為“別無選擇只能做……”。故填towait。Ⅲ.1.underconstruction2.inmyway3.crashedinto4.figureoutⅣ.1.Iwouldappreciateitif2.tocommitamistake3.OnlyaftertalkingtotwostudentsdidIrealize能力提升練Ⅰ.1.whose考查定語從句。設(shè)空處前面內(nèi)容意思完整,不缺成分,設(shè)空處無提示詞,逗號(hào)前面的名詞car與空后的window有所屬關(guān)系,故此處應(yīng)是whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。whose在從句中作定語修飾window。2.bewitnessed考查語態(tài)。句意:除了開普敦,全世界其他市區(qū)也能見到野生動(dòng)物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句中謂語部分不完整,wildanimals與witness為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以填bewitnessed,與can一起構(gòu)成謂語。3.but考查連詞。句意:這可能不是因?yàn)橐吧鷦?dòng)物占領(lǐng)了我們的城市,而是因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)祟惾肭至怂鼈兊淖匀粭⒌?。not...but...不是……而是……。4.In考查介詞。inthemeantime在此期間,與此同時(shí)。5.havedeveloped考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。設(shè)空處為該句的謂語,由時(shí)間狀語Sofar可知此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主語someanimals為復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填havedeveloped。6.moreintelligent考查形容詞比較級。設(shè)空處在系動(dòng)詞are后作表語,結(jié)合語境和空后的than可知此處應(yīng)用形容詞比較級。7.studies考查名詞的數(shù)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞為estimate,因此主語應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)名詞。句意:最近的研究估計(jì),在美國每年有超過四億只鳥死于撞擊窗戶,占美國鳥類總數(shù)的百分之十左右。8.making考查現(xiàn)在分詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,that從句中已有謂語diefrom,因此設(shè)空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞。morethan400millionbirds與makeup為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語。9.tolead考查動(dòng)詞不定式。choosetodosth.選擇做某事,因此填tolead。10.harmoniously考查副詞。此處在句中作狀語,因此用副詞形式。Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。本文主要講述了許多種類的鳥來到了山東省東營市黃河三角洲國家級自然保護(hù)區(qū),那里的工作人員為鳥兒們創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)更好的生活環(huán)境。1.strength考查名詞。句意:它們在濕地休息,吃豐富多樣的食物,如魚、蝦和谷物,以增強(qiáng)它們的力量。由句意及空前的buildtheir可知此處應(yīng)用名詞作build的賓語,表示“力量;力氣”,故填strength。2.their考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意:有些鳥甚至把濕地當(dāng)作它們?nèi)甑募?。由句意及空后的名詞home可知此處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞作定語。故填their。3.toensure考查不定式。句意:36歲的趙亞杰是每天巡邏濕地的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員,以確保鳥類的環(huán)境安全。句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞即系動(dòng)詞is,空處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示目的,應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語。故填toensure。4.and考查連詞。句意:她的主要工作是進(jìn)行生態(tài)恢復(fù)和保護(hù)的科學(xué)研究,并監(jiān)測鳥類的狀況,如它們的數(shù)量和保護(hù)區(qū)的不同種類的物種以及鳥類的環(huán)境。根據(jù)句意及空前的areconducting和空后的monitoring可知,此處表示并列,應(yīng)用并列連詞and。5.arrivals考查名詞的數(shù)。句意:為了確保這些到達(dá)者有足夠的食物,這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)為鳥類創(chuàng)造了他們所謂的“小餐桌”。根據(jù)句意及空前的Toensurethese可知,此處作ensure的賓語,表示“到達(dá)者”;再根據(jù)these可知,此處用復(fù)數(shù),故填arrivals。6.what考查連接代詞。句意同上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句,作created的賓語,且從句中缺少賓語,表示“……的東西”,應(yīng)用引導(dǎo)詞what。7.hasvisited考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:在過去的九年里,趙已經(jīng)參觀了該保護(hù)區(qū)的所有主要區(qū)域。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Overthepastnineyears可知,此句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),且主語是Zhao,故填hasvisited。8.on考查介詞。句意:我已經(jīng)見過一些物種好幾次了,但每一次我都和第一次一樣興奮……。oneachoccasion為固定短語,表示“每一次”,故填on。9.conducting考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:業(yè)余時(shí)間,趙會(huì)給在保護(hù)區(qū)進(jìn)行實(shí)地研究的學(xué)生做演講。句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞gives,設(shè)空處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知設(shè)空處作后置定語修飾students,students與conduct之間為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng),故填conducting。10.salty考查形容詞。句意:他們會(huì)學(xué)到很多東西,比如為什么東方白鸛通過喙發(fā)出咔嗒聲來交流,為什么有些草嘗起來是咸的。由句意及空前的系動(dòng)詞tastes可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語,表示“咸的”,故填salty?！靖哳l詞匯】1.ensurevt.確保;保證2.restorationn.修復(fù);恢復(fù)3.monitorvt.監(jiān)視;監(jiān)聽4.departv.離開5.occasionn.場合;時(shí)刻;某次Ⅲ.A◎語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是一名澳大利亞青少年致力于保護(hù)沙錐齒鯊的故事。1.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“Withneedle-liketeethandasharppointednose,agraynursesharkisn'tacreaturethatmostpeoplewouldwanttomeet.”可知,大多數(shù)人都不愿遇到有著針狀牙齒和尖尖鼻子的沙錐齒鯊,由此可知這些人對沙錐齒鯊是心懷恐懼的。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句尤其是該句開頭的But可知,ShaliseLeesfield對沙錐齒鯊的態(tài)度與這些人不一樣,所以them指代的是那些害怕沙錐齒鯊的人。故選C。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段中的“Butfishersareallowedaccesswithin200meters...graynursesharksandincreasingpollution”可知,漁民被允許進(jìn)入魚巖200米范圍內(nèi)導(dǎo)致了沙錐齒鯊數(shù)量的減少和污染的加劇。再結(jié)合第四段最后一句中的“l(fā)iststhespeciesasseriouslyendangered”可知選D。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Now,LeesfieldisworkingwithpoliticianCateFaehrmann...tolegalizeprotectionofthesharksandmaketheno-fishingzoneprotectedbythelaw.”可知現(xiàn)在Leesfield正致力于使保護(hù)鯊魚合法化,并使禁漁區(qū)受到法律保護(hù)。故選D。4.A主旨大意題。文章前三段講的是故事的背景,指出澳大利亞青少年ShaliseLeesfield對沙錐齒鯊的態(tài)度是與眾不同的;第四、五段對沙錐齒鯊的生存現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析,為ShaliseLeesfield保護(hù)沙錐齒鯊這一使命提供了背景知識(shí);最后三段主要講的是ShaliseLeesfield為保護(hù)沙錐齒鯊做出的努力以及相應(yīng)的成效。綜上所述,文章主要是圍繞澳大利亞青少年保護(hù)鯊魚這一事件來展開的,所以A項(xiàng)(這位澳大利亞青少年正在執(zhí)行保護(hù)鯊魚的任務(wù))作為文章的題目最為合適,故選A?！靖哳l詞匯】1.list...as...將……列為……2.uniqueadj.獨(dú)特的3.enlargevt.擴(kuò)大4.establishvt.建立5.missionn.使命;任務(wù)6.launchvt.發(fā)起;發(fā)動(dòng)7.identifyvt.確認(rèn),鑒定;找到,發(fā)現(xiàn)8.incredibleadj.難以置信的9.featuren.特點(diǎn);特色【差距詞匯】1.nominatev.提名,推薦