初升高銜接英語句法知識(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)導(dǎo)學(xué)案

初升高銜接英語句法知識(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)清單常見的八種時(shí)態(tài)般現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)將來時(shí)梳理1構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)肯定句否定句一般疑問句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語+am/is/are+其他.主語+am/is/are+not+其他.Am/Is/Are+主語+其他？主語+行為動(dòng)詞（原形或第三人稱單數(shù)形式）+其他.主語+do/does+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.Do/Does+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？一般過去時(shí)主語+was/were+其他.主語+was/were+not+其他.Was/Were+主語+其他？主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式+其他.主語+did+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他：Did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？一般將來時(shí)主語+will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.主語+will/shall+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.Will/Shall+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？主語+am/is/aregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.主語+am/is/are+not+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.Am/Is/Are+主語+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主語+am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的ing形式+其他.主語+.am/is/are+not+動(dòng)詞的ing形式+其他.Am/Is/Are+主語+動(dòng)詞的ing形式+其他？

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)主語+was/were+動(dòng)詞的ing形式+其他.主語+was/were+not+動(dòng)詞的ing形式+其他.Was/Were+主語+動(dòng)詞的ing形式+其他？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主語+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他.主語+have/has+not+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他.Have/Has+主語+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他？過去完成時(shí)主語+had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他.主語+had+not+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他.Had+主語+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他？過去將來時(shí)主語+would/should+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.主語+would/should+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.Would/Should+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？主語+was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.主語+was/were+not+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.Was/Were+主語goingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？梳理2用法(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本用法★表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與often,usually,always,sometimes,everyday等連用。如：Ioftengotoschoolbybike. Sheworkseighthourseveryday.★表示現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)。如：Thetwobrothersgotothesameschool,don'tthey?I'malwaysbusyonMonday.★表示客觀事實(shí)或永恒的真理。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.★主句為一般將來時(shí)，在時(shí)間、條件等狀語從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替___________。如：Don'tgetoffthebusuntilitstops.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon'thaveabasketballgame.★少數(shù)動(dòng)詞，如：be,e,go,leave,arrive,fly,start,close,stop等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)，表示按時(shí)刻表規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：Thetrainleavesatteno'clocktomorrowmorning.(2)一般過去時(shí)的基本用法★表示過去某一時(shí)刻或一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與其連用的時(shí)間狀語有afewminutesago,yesterday,lastweek,justnow等。如：Myunclevisitedmyschoollastweek.Amywasintheofficejustnow.★表示過去的習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：WhenIwasinthecountryside,Ioftenswamintheriver.(3)一般將來時(shí)的基本用法表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語tomorrow,nexttime,inafewdays,nextMonday/Tuesday...等連用。如:Wewillmeetsoon. Willyoubefreethisafternoon?［特別提醒］“begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”，表示打算干某事或即將發(fā)生某事。如：WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?而表示未事先考慮過，即說話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定,用_______________。如:Iwillhelpyoucarrythebox.(4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法★表示說話時(shí)刻或現(xiàn)階段_______________的動(dòng)作和發(fā)生的事，常與now,atthemoment,Look!,Listen!等連用。如：TheyaretravelinginHongKongnow. It'ssnowingnow.★在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，表將來正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Ifheisstillsleeping,wakehimup.★還可表示近期的安排或計(jì)劃，常與動(dòng)詞e,go,leave,start,arrive,return,die等使用。如：IammeetingJanetonight.★現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與_______________,forever等詞連用，常表示贊嘆、厭惡等感情色彩。如：Youarealwaysthinkingofothers.(表贊嘆)Mybrotherisalwayslosinghiskeys.(表厭惡)(5)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與其連用的有atthistimeyesterday,atthattime等時(shí)間狀語或由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。如:Iwasreadingabookatthistimeyesterday.Jennywaslookingafterhersickmotherthosedays.★表示過去發(fā)生或己經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的_______________,常與already,just,yet,ever,never,before等連用。如:Ihaven'theardofitbefore. Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.★表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與_______________+時(shí)間段、since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)或since引導(dǎo)的從句連用。如：Ihavelivedinherefortenyears.Shehasworkedinabanksincesheleftschool.［特別提醒］現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的異同相同點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去。不同點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，與“現(xiàn)在有關(guān)”，而一般過去時(shí)只說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，與“現(xiàn)在無關(guān)”。(7)過去完成時(shí)的基本用法★表示一個(gè)過去的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在另一個(gè)過去的動(dòng)作之前。如:AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttosleep.★表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算、意圖等，常與hope,want,mean,think等詞連用。如：Hehadmeanttoe,buthedidn'tatlast.(8)過去將來時(shí)的基本用法過去將來時(shí)表示從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的事。如：MypenfriendJamessaidhewouldvisitmeinJuly.刷題I.用所給詞的正確形式填空(每個(gè)限用一次)。Aplant,have,finish,be,see,teach,e,sing,walk,talk1.Whiletheboy___________downthestreet,theUFOlanded.2.Lindacanjoinusbecauseshe___________writingthereportalready.3.WhenwegottoYingtaiPark,somepeople___________trees.4.Listen!Someone___________inthenextroom.5.Pleasedon'tleavetheofficeuntilyourfriend___________back.6.SincelastAugust,theoldlady___________badheadachesforthreetimes.7.WhenI___________herinthehall,shewasplayingthepiano.8.It___________fiveyearssincemyuncleleftBeijing.9.Listen!SomeofthegirlsaboutHarryPotter.Let’sjointhem.10Ourteacher,MissChen,Englishontheradiothedaybeforeyesterday.Bstop,leave,do,thinkof,give,read,see,cost,finish,intend1.Idon'tthinkI___________youinthatdressbefore.2.I’msorryyou'vemissedthetrain.It___________10minutesago.3.Iboughtanewdictionaryandit___________me30yuan.4.Mom,mayIgooutandplaybasketball?___________you___________yourhomeworkyet?5.HeatalkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnextweek.6.Look!Howheavytherainis!You'dbetternotleaveuntilit___________.7.Whocleanedtheblackboardyesterday,Dick?John___________.8.I___________toeovertoseeyou,butIwastoobusy.9.Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?Sorry.Ididn'tcatchit.I___________somethingelse.10.Bytheendoflastmonth,I___________twentynovels.II.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確時(shí)態(tài)，每空詞數(shù)不限。1.Samisamusiclover.Heoften___________(play)theviolinafterschool.2.Mr.Liuisnotathome.He___________(have)ameetingatthemoment.3.I___________(work)atthisfactorysinceIleftschoolfiveyearsago.4.Lisa___________(watch)amoviewithherfriendyesterday.5.ItoldmyunclethatI___________(visit)himthenextSunday.6.HanMei___________(can)rideabikewhenshe___________(be)ten.7.Where'sJohn?He___________(play)basketballontheplayground.8.Mr.White___________(be)illforthreedays.9.I___________(watch)TVat9lastnight.10.Frank___________(help)hismotherwithhouseworkonSundays.11.I___________(bee)amiddleschoolstudentthreeyearsago.12.Hello!MayIspeaktoyourfather,please?Sorry,myfather___________(go)toShanghai.Hewenttherethismorning.13.What’sthenoise?Janeandhersister___________(watch)TV.14.They___________(have)eggsandbreadforbreakfasttomorrowmorning.15.It___________(cost)muchtolivehere?16.Theteacherlookedatthecleanclassroomandsaidwe___________(do)agoodjob.17.TheSmiths___________(change)greatlyinthelasttwoyears.18.Heheardhersingingloudlyinthenextroom,sohe___________(read)inaloudervoice.19.WhenI___________(get)tothecinema,thefilm___________(be)onfortenminutes.20.Theteachersaidthatthemoon___________(go)roundtheearth.21.Listen!They___________(talk)aboutthenewfilm.22.Hissister___________(marry)adoctoronMay1st,2019.23.Thereporter___________(interview)thelittleboyjustnow.24.We___________(study)Englishforaboutthreeyears.25.Mybrother___________(join)thearmyin1997.26.Thefarmers___________(pick)appleswhenIsawthem.27.Mysister___________(be)astudentandshestudiesatamiddleschoolnearby.28.Mr.Green___________(travel)toseveralplacesinSouthChinasincehecamehere.29.You___________(catch)theearlybusifyougetupearly.30.I___________(stay)therefortwomonthslastyear.III.完成句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。1.Theteacherandthestudents________________(與……相處得好)eachotherlastterm.2.I________________(花光)allmymoneyyesterday,soIcan'tbuyapresentformysister.3.Look!Somechildren________________(放風(fēng)箏)inthepark.4.Ourteacher________________(分發(fā))thesenewbookstoustomorrow.5.Myparents________________(生……的氣)mebecauseIfailedtheEnglishexamagain.6.John________________(參加)thesportsmeetingyesterday.7.He________________(打)tohispenpalwhenIgottohishouseyesterday.8.We________________(去過)Shanghaitwice.閱讀短文，用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)填空。AWildanimals_____________(be)importanttous.Weshould_____________(take)goodcareofthem.Butsomepeoplestilldon’trealizetheimportanceofprotectingthem.They._____________(kill)wildanimalsforfoodandotherthings.Everydaymanywildanimalsarekilled.Solotsofwildanimals_____________(die)out.Wecan’t_____________(see)themanymore.Todaythenumberofwildanimals_____________(bee)smallerandsmaller.Ifpeopledon’tprotectthem,theywilldieout.Ifthis_____________(go)on,therewillbenoanimalsleftontheearth.Luckily,manypeople_____________(begin)torealizetheimportanceofprotectingwildanimals.They_____________(ask)otherstostopkillingwildanimals.Theyteachothersabouttheimportanceofprotectingwildanimals.Nowmanycountries_____________(make)somelawstoprotectwildanimalsandtostoppeoplefromkillingthem.Protectingwildanimals_____________(be)thedutyofeachofus.Weshould_____________(do)ourbesttoprotectthembecauseprotectingthemisprotectingourselves.BI_____________(be)thecaptain（船長(zhǎng)）ofashipinaMarinePoliceStation.I_____________(be)thereforeightyears.Ilovetheseabecauseofthecoolseawinds,thefreshsmelloftheseaandthebeautifulsight.Ialso_____________(want)tocatchbadguys（家伙）soIjoinedtheMarinePoliceStationtodowhatIlove.Oneday,I_____________(be)outonaboatwithsomeofmyfriends.IhadadayoffandtheMarinePoliceStation_____________(allow)ustousethesailboattohaveatrip.We_____________(go)fishing.Onourwayback,I_____________(see)ashipwiththenamePSSPollu.It_____________(pour)oilintothesea.Iwasverysurprised.I_____________(pick)upaloudspeakerandshouted"Stopyourpollutionatonceandfollowusbacktoshore(海岸)!"ButPSSPollu_____________(decide)torunaway.Sowewentafteritbuttheshiptoofastforus.We_____________(can)notcatchit.SowecalledtheMarineStationatonceand_____________(ask)forhelp.Twofastmarineboats_____________(be)sentandsoon_____________(catch)upwithPSSPollu.They_____________(had)nochoicebuttostop.Sixmarinepolicemen_____________(jump)ontoPSSPolluand_____________(discover)thatitwascarryingsmuggledcigaret