浙江省溫州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量統(tǒng)一檢測英語試卷B卷

2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期溫州市高一期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量統(tǒng)一檢測英語試題（B卷）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】What’sthewoman’sfavoritesport?A.Baseball. B.Football. C.Basketball.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Doyouknowwhenbasketballseasonstarts?M:ItstartsinOctober.Youkeepupwithbasketball?W:Iamcrazyaboutit.Nextisfootball.I’veheardthatyouliketowatchbaseball.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatannoysthewoman?A.Impolitepeople. B.Heavysmoke. C.Narrowentrance.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ihatewalkingintoourbuildinginthemorning!Manypeoplestandaroundthebuilding’sentrancesmoking…Ican’ttakeit!M:Iunderstand.Alotofpeoplereallyhatesmoke.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredidthemangetthenews?A.OnTV. B.Ontheradio. C.Inthenewspaper.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyoureadtoday’spaper?M:Notyet.You’regoingtotalkaboutthecarcrashyesterday?W:YoumusthavewatchedthelocalnewsonTV,huh?M:No.Ihaveheardaboutthatfromtheradio.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Dieting. B.Exercise. C.Chocolate.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:SoyouthinkitisOKforpeoplewhoareonadiettoeatchocolate?W:Ofcourse,theycaneatsomechocolate!Aslongastheyaretakingregularexerciseandeatinghealthyfoodmostly,there’snothingwrongwithhavingsomesweets.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatcanwelearnaboutMark?A.Helikesreadingarticles. B.Heislateforeverything. C.Hehasstrangebehavior.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Markreallyneedstoreadthisarticle.M:Why?What’sitabout?W:Reasonsfornegativebehaviorlikeprocrastination,thatis,thehabitofbeinglate.M:You’reright.That’sMark.He’sneverontime.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atthedoctor's. B.Attheschool. C.Atthebank.7.Whendoesthemanprefertoe?A.Inthemorning. B.Atnoon. C.Intheafternoon.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】M:I’dliketomakeanappointmenttoseeDr.Carter.W:MayIaskwhoremendyoutoouroffice?M:Uh,Idrovepastyourofficeyesterday.W:Ok.Howabout4o’clocktomorrowafternoon?M:Uh.Doyouhappentohaveanopeninginthemorning?Iusuallypickupmykidsaroundthattime.W:Ok.Um…Letmehaveacheck.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatiswrongwiththesweater?A.Itisinthewrongsize. B.Itbeessmaller. C.Itisoutofstyle.9.Whydidthemanfailtofollowthedirections?ATheyarehardtonotice.B.Theyaren'tprintedclearly.C.Theyareinaforeignlanguage.10.Whatdoesthemanexpect?A.Thereturnofmoney.B.Anapologyfromthestore.C.Anexchangeforanewone.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Yes,I’dliketoreturnthissweaterforarefund.W:Well,whatseemstobetheproblem?M:ThefirsttimeIwashedanddriedit,thesweaterreducedinsize.Itwouldn’tevenfitasnake.W:Uh,Iseewhatyoumean,butdidyoufollowthewashingdirections?Ithinktheyarehere…yeah…righthere,“Tohandwashitandthentodryitonlowheat”.M:HowwasIsupposedtoknowthat?ThedirectionsarewritteninJapanese!W:Listen,sir.Wetakealotofprideinourclothing.WhatIcandoisallowyoutoexchangethesweaterforanotherone.M:Idon’twanttoexchangeitforanything!Ijustwantmymoneyback!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatdidthemando?A.Hedrovetooslowly. B.Hemadethewrongturn. C.Henearlyhitaperson.12.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Excited. B.Annoyed. C.Disappointed.13.Whatdoesthewomanmeanintheend?A.Sheexpectstohaveadayoff.B.Shewantstoavoidheavytraffic.C.Shehopesnottoseethemanagain.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【解析】【原文】W:Okay.Mr.Smith.Let’sbeginyourroadtest.M:Yeah,right.Herewego!W:Whoa!Takeiteasy!Thespeedlimithereisonly25milesperhour.Nowcarefullyturnrighthere.Wow!Wait,wait,stop!Youalmosthitthatperson.Howintheworlddidyoupassthewrittentestanyway?M:Oh,sorryaboutthat.Itwon’thappenagain.W:Whoa!Getout!M:DoesthismeanIdidn’tpassthetest?W:Look,Mr.Smith.Whenyouebacktotakethetestagain,planoningonFriday.M:Again?Why?Lesstrafficthatday?W:No.It’smydayoff.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Toaskaboutacourse. B.Tomakeastudyplan. C.Toapplyforaprogram.15.WhencanstudentsusetheputerroomonMonday?A.At8a.m. B.At10a.m. C.At10p.m.16.Howdostudentsstudymostofthetime?A.Underguidance. B.Throughlectures. C.Bythemselves.17.Whatshouldstudentsdoafterregistration?A.Joinastudygroup. B.Contacttheteachers. C.Attendclassontime.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,canIhelpyou?W:Oh,yes.Isawtheposterofyourcenter.Iwaswonderingifyoucouldtellmeabitmoreaboutthecoursesyouarerunning.Whenarethecoursesheld,please?M:Theputerroomopensfrom9a.m.to9p.m.onworkingdaysandfrom10a.m.to5p.m.onSaturday.Studentscannotjustlistentothelecturefor12hours.Actually,it’smonthatyouwillspendmostofyourtimestudyingbyyourself.Theteacherwillgiveyousomebriefguidanceatthebeginningofeachcourse.W:That’sgood.M:Ifyoudecidetoregisterforthisprogram,youshouldetotheclassontime,oryouwillmissthemostimportantpartoftheclass.Andifyouhaveanyquestions,feelfreetocontactus.W:OK.Gotit.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.WhatdoestheUNthinkofthegovernment'saction?A.Enough. B.Impressive. C.Shocking.19.Whyisitimportanttoburydeadbodies?A.Tocreatespaceforsupplies.B.Toshowrespectforthedead.C.Topreventthespreadofdisease.20.Whatcausesachallengetotherescueefforts?A.Damagetoroads. B.Toomanysurvivors. C.Theclosingoftheairport.【答案】18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】TyphoonNoruhascausedseriousdestructioninthePhilippinesaccordingtotheUNofficialswhoarehelpingtoorganizetherescue.Almost10millionpeoplehavebeenaffectedand660,000haveleftfromtheirdestroyedhouses.TheUNhasdescribedwhatthegovernmenthasdoneasveryimpressive,butclearlymuchmoreneedstobedoneontheground.Rescueteamshavefocusedonprovidingwater,food,shelterandmedicalsupportforthesurvivors,whilethemostimportantthingistoburydeadbodiesbecauseoftheriskofspreadingdisease.Buttherescueworkisfacingdifficultybecausetheroadsaredamaged.OurreporterJonathanHeadisattheairport.Heexplainedhowthedamagewasaffectingeffortstohelpsurvivors.“Thisairportiscutofffromthecity.It’stakingpeoplemorethantenhourstoreachthecity.Soevenwhenaidisbroughthere,itcannotbegivenoutimmediately.”第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。AUndergraduateStudy—puterScienceCambridgewasapioneerofputerscienceandcontinuestoleaditsdevelopment.Ourcoursecoversallaspectsofmodernputersciencealongwithpracticalskills.●SubjectrequirementsALevelMathematics.Noformerknowledgeofprogrammingisrequired.Furtherguidance:ALevelFurtherMathematicsisstronglyencouraged.Ifunavailable(不可獲得的),we’dadviseyoutodoasmuchadditionalpuremathsanddecisionmathsaspossible.Goodperformanceinmathspetitionscanbeanadvantageofanapplication.Pleasenote,allapplicantsarerequiredtotaketheTestofMathematicsforUniversityAdmission(TMUA),forwhichyoumustberegisteredinadvance.●CoursecostsTuitionfeesHomestudents:￡9,250/yearInternationalstudents:￡39,162/yearAdditionalcoursecostsEachyearofstudy:Paymentatthebeginningofeachyearisrequired.YearCopiesoftextbooksCost1PartIAcourses￡1502PartIBcourses￡150￡2503PartIIcourses￡150￡2504PartIIIcourses￡150￡250ForfurtherputerScienceundergraduateadmissionsinformation,pleaseclickhere:21.WhatisamustforapplicantsforputerScience?A.Knowledgeofprogramming. B.ALevelFurtherMathematics.C.Topprizesinmathspetitions. D.RegistrationforTMUAinadvance.22.HowmuchshouldafreshmanfromChinapay?A.￡9250. B.￡9,400. C.￡39,162. D.￡39,312.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Awebsite. B.Amagazine. C.Atextbook. D.Anewspaper.【答案】21.D22.D23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是劍橋大學(xué)計算機(jī)科學(xué)專業(yè)本科的招生簡章，包括對報名學(xué)生的要求以及課程費(fèi)用的介紹?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“●Subjectrequirements”下文介紹中的最后一段“Pleasenote,allapplicantsarerequiredtotaketheTestofMathematicsforUniversityAdmission(TMUA),forwhichyoumustberegisteredinadvance.(請注意，所有申請人都需要參加大學(xué)入學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)考試（TMUA），您必須提前注冊TMUA。)”可知，所有計算機(jī)科學(xué)專業(yè)的申請者都必須提前注冊并參加大學(xué)入學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)考試（TMUA）。故選D?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tuitionfees(學(xué)費(fèi))”中的“Internationalstudents:￡39,162/year(國際學(xué)生：39,162英鎊/年)”可知，外國學(xué)生學(xué)費(fèi)39,162英鎊每年；由“Additionalcoursecosts(額外課程費(fèi)用)”下文中的“Eachyearofstudy:Paymentatthebeginningofeachyearisrequired.(每學(xué)年：需要在每年年初付款。)”以及下文表格中的“Year1PartIAcourses￡150(一年級PartIA課程150英鎊)”可知，一年級新生書本費(fèi)是150英鎊；由此可知，一名中國新生應(yīng)該付學(xué)費(fèi)39,162英鎊，書本費(fèi)150英鎊，共39,312英鎊。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“ForfurtherputerScienceundergraduateadmissionsinformation,pleaseclickhere:

(欲了解更多計算機(jī)科學(xué)本科招生信息，請點(diǎn)擊這里。)”可知，本文最可能來自網(wǎng)站。故選A。BIntheeverchangingworldofwomen’sartisticgymnastics,therehasbeenagymnastformorethanthreedecades:OksanaChusovitina.The48yearoldhadsaidwithcertaintythatherfinalpetitionwouldbetheTokyo2020Games.Withnofansinthestandstohonorherlegendarycareer(職業(yè)生涯),judges,coachesandotherathletesdidtheirbesttogiveherapartyworthyofallshe’dgiventhesport.Aftershethankedthemthroughtearsinhereyes,shetoldmediathatwasherswansong.However,justafewmonthsaftertheTokyoOlympics,Chusovitinasaidthatshewouldreturntotraining,dreamingofonefinalmedalatamajorpetition—theAsianGames—forUzbekistan.“Ijustcan’tfinishmycareerwithoutamedalformymotherland,”shesaidonherInstagramstory.Chusovitinafirstpetedinthe1992OlympicsaspartoftheUnifiedTeamandwonateamgoldmedalthere.Thoughsherepresented(代表)Uzbekistaninthe1996,2000and2004Olympics,hersecondOlympicmedalcamesome16yearslaterinthe2008Olympics.Chusovitina,thenrepresentingherthirdnation,Germany,wherebettermedicaltreatmentwasprovidedforhersickson,gotthesilvermedal.Andnow,herstorycontinues.ThehistoriceighttimeOlympianhasstartedherninthtriptothe2024ParisOlympics.AtthefirsttwoWorldCupstopsoftheseasonshewonbronzemedals.“Thankyouallsomuchforthesupport,”shewroteonInstagram.“Firststart,firstmedal.”“Moretoe,”addedthegymnast,whosemottois“I’drathertrytodaythanregrettomorrow”.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“swansong”meaninparagraph2?A.Apopularsong. B.Agreathonor.C.Thelastperformance. D.Thewonderfulcareer.25.WhatmadeChusovitinareturntotrainingaftertheTokyoOlympics?A.Personalglory. B.Nationalpride.C.Economicsituation. D.Internationalpressure.26.WhydidChusovitinarepresentGermanyinthe2008Olympics?A.Towinmoremedals. B.Toreceivebettereducation.C.Togetmedicaltreatmentforherson. D.Tolearnskillsfromthenationalteam.27.WhichwordbestdescribesChusovitina?A.Determined. B.Generous. C.Creative. D.Curious.【答案】24.C25.B26.C27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了烏茲別克斯坦藝術(shù)體操運(yùn)動員奧克薩娜·丘索維金娜在東京奧運(yùn)會上宣布退役，但幾個月后又表示將為亞洲運(yùn)動會重返賽場，希望為祖國贏得獎牌。【24題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Aftershethankedthemthroughtearsinhereyes,shetoldmediathat(在她含淚感謝他們之后，她告訴媒體)”和文章第三段“However,justafewmonthsaftertheTokyoOlympics,Chusovitinasaidthatshewouldreturntotraining,dreamingofonefinalmedalatamajorpetition— theAsianGames—forUzbekistan.(然而，就在東京奧運(yùn)會結(jié)束幾個月后，丘索維金娜表示，她將重返訓(xùn)練，夢想著在一場重大比賽中為烏茲別克斯坦贏得最后一枚獎牌——亞運(yùn)會)”可知，劃線詞的意思應(yīng)該是“最后一場演出”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Ijustcan’tfinishmycareerwithoutamedalformymotherland(我不能在沒有為我的祖國贏得獎牌的情況下結(jié)束我的職業(yè)生涯)”可知，是民族自豪感讓丘索維金娜在東京奧運(yùn)會后重返訓(xùn)練場。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Chusovitina,thenrepresentingherthirdnation,Germany,wherebettermedicaltreatmentwasprovidedforhersickson,gotthesilvermedal.(當(dāng)時代表第三國德國參賽的丘索維金娜獲得了銀牌。在德國，她生病的兒子得到了更好的醫(yī)療。)”可知，丘索維金娜代表德國參加2008年奧運(yùn)會是為了讓她兒子接受治療。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Moretoe,”addedthegymnast,whosemottois“I’drathertrytodaythanregrettomorrow”.(“還有更多，”這位體操運(yùn)動員補(bǔ)充道，她的座右銘是“我寧愿今天努力，也不愿明天后悔”。)”可知，丘索維金娜是堅定的。故選A項(xiàng)。CSanFrancisco’swaterfront(海濱)isontheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlacesforgoodreason.Itsbeautifuloldlandmarks,liketheFerryBuildingandtheBayBridge,havebeenseeninmanybooks,TVshowsandmovies—fromthestoriesandnovelsofJackLondontothe1970sTVseriesTheStreetsofSanFrancisco.ThefutureofSanFrancisco’swaterfront,however,isn’tsafe.In2016,theNationalTrustforHistoricPreservationputpartofthecity’sshorelineonitslistoftheU.S.’smostendangeredhistoricplaces,inpartbecauseofthethreatofsealevelrise.Thewaterfrontlandmarksofmanycitiesareunderincreasingthreatfromfloodsandrisingsealevelsbroughtonbyhumandrivenclimatechange.St.Mark’sBasilicainVenice,ItalyandtheVeniceBeachboardwalkinLosAngelesfacesimilarchallengestoSanFrancisco.“Thewholeissueofclimatechangeandhistoricpreservationintersects(交織)rightatthewaterfront,”saidElaineForbes,directorofthePortofSanFrancisco.Asshewatchedtheboatseandgoonasunnyafternoon,Forbessaid,“Sealevelrisehasn’thistoricallybeenasmuchofathreattoSanFranciscoasmajorearthquakes.”However,that’schanged.Partsofthemainroadthatrunsalongthewaterfronthavefloodedfromheavyrainsinrecentyears.Thestateestimates(預(yù)估)thewatercouldriseuptoabouttwoandahalffeetaboveitspresentlevelby2060,andpossiblyuptosevenfeetbytheturnofthecentury.Now,SanFranciscoisconsideringmeasurestosaveitshistoricshoreline.Butthegrowingmagnitudeandfrequencyoftheclimaterelatedthreats,thehighcostsandeffortneededinsavingheritagesites,andpetingideasaboutwhat’sworthsavingandwhatisn’t,canmakeithardforcitiestoknowwhattodofirst.28.WhatisSanFrancisco’swaterfrontfamousfor?A.Oldlandmarks. B.Famousbeaches.C.Beautifulbridges. D.fortableclimate.29.Whatchallengeisthewaterfrontfacing?A.Thelossofpublicsupport. B.Thethreatfromrisingsealevels.C.Theinfluenceoftouristactivities. D.Thepetitionfromothercities.30.Whyistheearthquakementionedinparagraph4?A.Togiveanexampleofexistingthreats. B.Tostresstheseriousnessofsealevelrise.C.Toparedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters. D.Toshowthedifficultyinthewaterfrontprotection.31Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.Heritagesitesareinruins. B.Threatshavebeenremoved.C.Theshorelinehasbeenflooded. D.Solutionsareunderconsideration.【答案】28.A29.B30.B31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了舊金山的濱水區(qū)如今面臨海平面上升的威脅，同時許多城市的濱水地標(biāo)正面臨著由人類活動引起的氣候變化帶來的洪水和海平面上升的日益嚴(yán)重的威脅。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itsbeautifuloldlandmarks,liketheFerryBuildingandtheBayBridge,havebeenseeninmanybooks,TVshowsandmovies—fromthestoriesandnovelsofJackLondontothe1970sTVseriesTheStreetsofSanFrancisco.(它美麗的古老地標(biāo)，如渡輪大廈和海灣大橋，在許多書籍、電視節(jié)目和電影中都有出現(xiàn)——從杰克·倫敦的故事和小說到20世紀(jì)70年代的電視劇《舊金山街道》)”可知，舊金山的濱水區(qū)以古老地標(biāo)聞名。故選A?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In2016,theNationalTrustforHistoricPreservationputpartofthecity’sshorelineonitslistoftheU.S.’smostendangeredhistoricplaces,inpartbecauseofthethreatofsealevelrise.(2016年，美國國家歷史保護(hù)信托基金會將該市的部分海岸線列入了美國最瀕危的歷史遺跡名單，部分原因是海平面上升的威脅)”可知，濱水區(qū)面臨海平面上升的威脅。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Partsofthemainroadthatrunsalongthewaterfronthavefloodedfromheavyrainsinrecentyears.Thestateestimates(預(yù)估)thewatercouldriseuptoabouttwoandahalffeetaboveitspresentlevelby2060,andpossiblyuptosevenfeetbytheturnofthecentury.(近年來，沿著濱水區(qū)的部分主要道路因暴雨而被淹沒。該州估計，到2060年，水位可能會上升到比現(xiàn)在高2.5英尺左右，到世紀(jì)之交可能會上升到7英尺)”可推知，第四段提到了地震是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)海平面上升的嚴(yán)重性。故選B。【31題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Now,SanFranciscoisconsideringmeasurestosaveitshistoricshoreline.(現(xiàn)在，舊金山正在考慮采取措施保護(hù)其歷史悠久的海岸線)”可知，解決方案正在考慮之中。故選D。DSleepissoimportantthatithaslonginterestedscientists.Scientistshavestudiedeverythingfrommicetofruitfliesinthelabtogetabetterunderstandingofwhathappenswhenanimalssleepandwhytheydoit.However,gatheringdata(數(shù)據(jù))onhowanimalssleepintheirnaturalhabitathasalwaysbeenhardtodo.ButscientistsdidjustthatwithwildchinstrappenguinsinAntarctica.Indoingso,researchersfoundthebirdstookovertenthousandmicrosleepsthroughouttheday—addinguptoa11hourlongsleep.Tostudythepenguins,scientistsputdevices(設(shè)備)intoasmallgroupofpenguins’brainandneckmuscles,whichprovidedthebrainwaveandlocationdata.Thedeviceshadneverbeenusedbefore,sothisdatacollectionwasonlysupposedtobeatest.However,theprocesswentsowellandthedatawaspublishedinthisstudy.Researchersfoundthatthemicrosleepslastonlyseconds.Researchersthinkthatbeingabletosleepforsuchashorttimemighthelptheanimalsavoidpredators(捕食者)thatmightmorelikelyattackifthepenguinswereasleepforlonger—especiallywhenoneparentgoesoutfeedingintheoceanfordays,leavingtheotherparenttoprotecttheeggsfrompredatorybirds.Thestudyisanearlyinsightintoarelativelylargemissingscientificknowledgeaboutsleep.“Almosteverystudyonsleepingbirdsdiscoverssomethingnew,somethingwedidn’tknowaboutbefore,”saysstudycoauthorPaulAntoineLibourel.VladyslavVyazovskiy,asleepneuroscientistattheUniversityofOxfordwhodidn’tjoininthestudy,isexcitedaboutthisnewdatabecause“mostofwhatweknowabouttheanimalsleepwasgainedinlaboratoryconditions,whicharetotallydifferentfromconditionswheresleepdeveloped”.32.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thestudymethod. B.Thedeviceintroduction.C.Theresearchpurpose. D.Thebackgroundinformation.33.Whatisapossiblereasonforpenguins’microsleeps?A.Feedingbabybirds. B.Gettinglongersleep.C.Avoidingbeinghunted. D.Attackingotherbirds.34.What’sVyazovskiy’sattitudetowardsthestudy?A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Confused. D.Objective.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnimalSleepIsResearchedintheLabB.PenguinsGainaDifferentWayofSleepC.SleepIsofGreatImportancetoPenguinsD.PenguinsTakeThousandsofMicrosleepsaDay【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹科學(xué)家們通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，南極洲野生帽帶企鵝一天中有超過1萬個微睡眠。【32題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Tostudythepenguins,scientistsputdevices(設(shè)備)intoasmallgroupofpenguins’brainandneckmuscles,whichprovidedthebrainwaveandlocationdata.Thedeviceshadneverbeenusedbefore,sothisdatacollectionwasonlysupposedtobeatest.However,theprocesswentsowellandthedatawaspublishedinthisstudy.(為了研究企鵝，科學(xué)家們在一小群企鵝的大腦和頸部肌肉中植入了設(shè)備，這些設(shè)備提供了腦電波和位置數(shù)據(jù)。這些設(shè)備以前從未使用過，所以這次數(shù)據(jù)收集只是一個測試。然而，這個過程進(jìn)行得很順利，數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)表在了這項(xiàng)研究中。)”可知，科學(xué)家們在一小群企鵝的大腦和頸部肌肉中植入了以前從未使用過的設(shè)備，這些設(shè)備提供腦電波和位置數(shù)據(jù)，收集到的數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)表在了這項(xiàng)研究中；由此可知，本段主要介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的方法——通過植入設(shè)備來獲取數(shù)據(jù)。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Researchersfoundthatthemicrosleepslastonlyseconds.Researchersthinkthatbeingabletosleepforsuchashorttimemighthelptheanimalsavoidpredators(捕食者)thatmightmorelikelyattackifthepenguinswereasleepforlonger—especiallywhenoneparentgoesoutfeedingintheoceanfordays,leavingtheotherparenttoprotecttheeggsfrompredatorybirds.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，微睡眠只持續(xù)幾秒鐘。研究人員認(rèn)為，能夠睡這么短的時間可能有助于這些動物避開捕食者，如果企鵝睡得更久，捕食者更有可能攻擊它們——尤其是當(dāng)父母中的一方在海洋中覓食數(shù)天，留下另一方保護(hù)企鵝蛋免受掠食性鳥類的傷害。)”可知，研究人員認(rèn)為，微睡眠可能有助于這些動物避開捕食者，如果企鵝睡得更久，捕食者更有可能攻擊它們；由此可知，企鵝的微睡眠很可能是為了避免被捕食者獵殺。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“VladyslavVyazovskiy,asleepneuroscientistattheUniversityofOxfordwhodidn’tjoininthestudy,isexcitedaboutthisnewdatabecause“mostofwhatweknowabouttheanimalsleepwasgainedinlaboratoryconditions,whicharetotallydifferentfromconditionswheresleepdeveloped”.(牛津大學(xué)的睡眠神經(jīng)科學(xué)家VladyslavVyazovskiy沒有參與這項(xiàng)研究，他對這些新數(shù)據(jù)感到興奮，因?yàn)椤覀儗游锼叩拇蟛糠至私舛际窃趯?shí)驗(yàn)室條件下獲得的，這與睡眠發(fā)展的條件完全不同’。)”可知，VladyslavVyazovskiy沒有參與這項(xiàng)研究，但他對這些新數(shù)據(jù)感到興奮，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為他們對動物睡眠的大部分了解都是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下獲得的，而這項(xiàng)研究不同；由此可知，VladyslavVyazovskiy對這項(xiàng)研究是持肯定態(tài)度的。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。第二段“ButscientistsdidjustthatwithwildchinstrappenguinsinAntarctica.Indoingso,researchersfoundthebirdstookovertenthousandmicrosleepsthroughouttheday—addinguptoa11hourlongsleep.(但科學(xué)家們在南極洲對野生帽帶企鵝進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)。在這樣做的過程中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)這些鳥在一天中有超過1萬個微睡眠，加起來總共有11個小時的睡眠。)”介紹了科學(xué)家們通過對南極洲野生帽帶企鵝研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些鳥在一天中有超過1萬個微睡眠，加起來總共有11個小時的睡眠；下文介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的方法，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)以及這項(xiàng)研究的意義；由此可知，本文主要闡述一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——南極洲野生帽帶企鵝一天中有超過1萬個微睡眠；D選項(xiàng)“PenguinsTakeThousandsofMicrosleepsaDay(企鵝每天有數(shù)千個微睡眠)”能夠概括本文主旨，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Beingaselfactualizedpersonmeansbeingsomeonewhohasreachedtheirfullpotential(潛力).Collegeiswhereyoucanexploreandslowlybuildyourselfintothekindofpersonyouwanttobe.Here’ssomeadvicethatwillmakethejourneyeasierforyou.Takecareofyourselfbeforeanything.ReachingyourfullpotentialisthefinallevelofMaslow’sHierarchyofneeds(馬斯洛需層次理論).___36___Thingslikeeatinghealthyfoodandkeepingyourselfsafeneedtobetakencareofbeforeyourexplorationofpersonalgrowth.Neverstoplearning.Learningdoesn’tstopwhenyouleavecollege.Infact,youshouldmakeitapointtokeeplearningaslongasyou’realive.Whateverjobyouchoose,there’salwaysgoingtobenewknowledge.___37___Findsomethingfunineverything.It’sfinetoadmitthatcertaintopicsaredifficulttounderstandimmediately.Butconsideringthemasboringwillonlyannoyyouandmakethelearningprocessharder.___38___Notopicwillbeboringifyoutreatitwiththerightattitude.___39___Withoutorganizationalskills,youcannotmakegoodarrangementsandfinishtasksontime.Youneedtolearnhowtomanageyourtimebecausethiswillgiveyouenoughspacetostudyforcollege,andthenhaveenoughfreetimeforyourownhobbiesoutsideofschool.Reachingyourfullpotentialisanongoinglifelongprocess.___40___Ifyougiveyourselfenoughtimeandspace,you’llrealizeyourfullpotentialasyougrowandlearn.A.Organizeyourtimeeffectively.B.Balanceyourstudyandhobbies.CThewillingnesstocontinuelearningwilltakeyoufarinlife.D.Toreallygetpleasurefromlearning,youmustkeepanopenmind.E.Withtheideathatit’sboring,you’llneverfinditanyeasiertolearn.F.Itrequiresyoutosatisfyyourneedsforhealth,safetyandnewexperiences.G.Thismeansyouhavetomeetyourbasicneedsfirstbeforeyouconsideryourdreams.【答案】36.G37.C38.D39.A40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何充實(shí)大學(xué)生活提出了一些建議。【36題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Takecareofyourselfbeforeanything.ReachingyourfullpotentialisthefinallevelofMaslow’sHierarchyofneeds(馬斯洛需層次理論).(先照顧好自己。充分發(fā)揮你的潛力是馬斯洛需求層次理論的最后一個層次)”以及后文“Thingslikeeatinghealthyfoodandkeepingyourselfsafeneedtobetakencareofbeforeyourexplorationofpersonalgrowth.(在你探索個人成長之前，像吃健康的食物和保證自己的安全這樣的事情需要得到照顧)”可知，后文提到了吃健康的食物和保證安全，即基本的需求。故G選項(xiàng)“這意味著在你考慮你的夢想之前，你必須先滿足你的基本需求”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Neverstoplearning.Learningdoesn’tstopwhenyouleavecollege.Infact,youshouldmakeitapointtokeeplearningaslongasyou’realive.Whateverjobyouchoose,there’salwaysgoingtobenewknowledge.(永遠(yuǎn)不要停止學(xué)習(xí)。離開大學(xué)后，學(xué)習(xí)不會停止。事實(shí)上，只要你活著，你就應(yīng)該堅持學(xué)習(xí)。無論你選擇什么工作，總會有新的知識)”可知，本段的主旨是持續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，本句為本段最后一句，說明繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)的意義。故C選項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)的意愿會讓你在生活中走得更遠(yuǎn)”符合語境，故選C。【38題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Notopicwillbeboringifyoutreatitwiththerightattitude.(如果你用正確的態(tài)度對待，任何話題都不會無聊)”可知，本句主要是說明對待學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該采取什么樣的態(tài)度。故D選項(xiàng)“要真正從學(xué)習(xí)中獲得樂趣，你必須保持開放的心態(tài)”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Withoutorganizationalskills,youcannotmakegoodarrangementsandfinishtasksontime.Youneedtolearnhowtomanageyourtimebecausethiswillgiveyouenoughspacetostudyforcollege,andthenhaveenoughfreetimeforyourownhobbiesoutsideofschool.(沒有組織能力，你就不能很好地安排和按時完成任務(wù)。你需要學(xué)會如何管理你的時間，因?yàn)檫@將給你足夠的空間為大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，然后有足夠的空閑時間在學(xué)校以外的自己的愛好)”可知，本段的主旨是學(xué)會如何管理時間，故A選項(xiàng)“有效地安排你的時間”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Reachingyourfullpotentialisanongoinglifelongprocess.(充分發(fā)揮你的潛力是一個持續(xù)一生的過程)”以及后文“Ifyougiveyourselfenoughtimeandspace,you’llrealizeyourfullpotentialasyougrowandlearn.(如果你給自己足夠的時間和空間，在你成長和學(xué)習(xí)的過程中，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的全部潛力)”可知，本句主要說明如何才能充分發(fā)揮你的潛力，故F選項(xiàng)“它要求你滿足你對健康、安全和新體驗(yàn)的需求”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Automation(自動化)certainlyhasitsadvantages.Iam___41___for24hourATMsandacellphonewithvariousservices.___42___Ialsomissthetalkswithpeoplethatautomationhasreplaced.Thus,Irecentlydecidedtospendadaytoachieveallofmygoalsina(n)___43___manner.Ibeganbygoingtothebank.Onmyarrival,IfoundIwastheonlycustomer.Oneofthethreeworkers___44___mefromalongagovisitandwarmlygreetedme.AfterIgotmymoney,wetalkedforafewminutes,___45___newsaboutourchildren.ThenImovedontothepostoffice,wheremylettertoIcelandstirredupa(n)___46___mentbyanemployee,wholongedtovisitthatcountry.Ispentfiveminutes___47___him.Therefollowedavisittothe___48___,whereIwalkedpasttheselfcheckoutandwasweledbyacashier,who___49___thatforonlyonepennymoreIcouldgetanextracarrot.ThateveningIhaddinnerwithafriendandreportedmy____50____toher.Shelistenedcarefullyand____51____thatIcouldhavedoneeverythingwithmycellphoneanditwouldhavetaken____52____anhour.True,butIwouldhave____53____allthosekindwordsandfriendlysmiles.Itwasafter____54____withthebankworker,thepostalemployeeandthecashierthatIfeltbetter____55____someonetookthetimetowarmourmeeting.41.A.eager B.ready C.regretful D.thankful42.A.And B.But C.So D.Or43.A.advanced B.nondigital C.informal D.selfservice44.A.appreciated B.impressed C.remembered D.attracted45.A.spreading B.reporting C.making D.sharing46.A.excited B.confused C.satisfied D.annoyed47.A.guiding B.reminding C.admiring D.encouraging48.A.apartment B.supermarket C.bank D.restaurant49.A.suggested B.admitted C.demanded D.applied50.A.affair B.challenge C.experiment D.behavior51.A.praised B.mented C.begged D.protested52.A.morethan B.otherthan C.lessthan D.ratherthan53.A.missed B.reserved C.preferred D.suffere