2025版新教材高中英語Unit1PeopleofAchievementSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage提能作業(yè)新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

UNIT1SectionⅡ一、語言基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.2．Theengineer,withwhommyfatherworks,isabout50yearsold.3．HeisgoodatEnglish,asweallknow.4．LiMing,withwhomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.5．Theletterisfrommysister，whoisworkinginBeijing.6．Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsofwhomarewomen.7．Ilostabook,whosetitleIcan'tremembernow.8．LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,forwhichHangzhouisfamousintheworld.9．Thismachine,whichIhavelookedafterformanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.10．Heisworkinghard,whichwillmakehimpassthefinalexam.Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．ItisknowntousthatTaiwanispartofChina.→Asisknowntous,TaiwanispartofChina.2．Thisistheroomwhich/thatmygrandmotherusedtolivein.→Thisistheroomwheremygrandmotherusedtolive.3．Chinahashundredsofislands,ofwhichTaiwanisthelargest.→Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.4．Ourvillageisnolongerwhatitwas30yearsago.→Ourvillageisnolongertheone/villagethatitwas30yearsago.5．Theoldmanhastwodaughters,andbothofthemworkasdoctors.→Theoldmanhastwodaughters,bothofwhomworkasdoctors.6．IwishtothankProfessorSmith.WithoutSmith'shelpIwouldneverhavegotthisopportunity.→IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavegotthisopportunity.二、培優(yōu)提升訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·安徽省A10聯(lián)盟高一下學(xué)期開年考試)SomeonesaysthatnooneintheworldistheretomatchElonMusk.Therearethreekindsofpeopleinthisworld：thosewhomakeithappen,thosewhowatchithappen,andthosewhospendtheirlifeaskingwhathappensaboutMusk.Thewholeworldknowswherehestands.Itseemslikehefollowstherule：“Doordonot”，“Thereisnotry”．MuskwasbornonJune28,1971,inPretoria,SouthAfrica.HespenthisearlychildhoodwithhissistersToscaandKimbleinSouthAfrica.Attheageoften,hewonoverhisagefellows:Heengagedhimselfinlearninghowtoprogramcomputers.Moreover,Musk'sbrainwasagreatgift.Attheveryyoungageof12hecreatedandsoldhisownvideogame,Blaster,for$500toamagazine.Muskwassoabsorbedinhisdreamsandinventionsasachildthathisparentsaskeddoctorstocheckhishearing.Moreover,hewasbookishandamanoffewwordsatschool.ThoughMuskwasanoutstandingchild,yethedidn'thaveahappychildhood.Otherkidsusedtobullyhimandhetriedtoavoidgoingtoschool.Thiscontinueduntilhelearnedboxingandwrestlingat15.ThenMuskmovedtoCanadatoattendQueensUniversity,wherehegotaBachelor'sdegreeineconomics.Afterthathecontinuedhisbusinesscareer.MuskhasbeenanAmericansince2002andenjoysthenationalitiesofSouthAfricaandCanadatoo.Hebecamerichinhislate20swhenhesoldhiscompanyZip2.In2016hewasthe21strichestpersonintheworld.Heisnowamemberofthetoptwentyrichestpersonsoftheworldandholdsthenetworthof$44.2billion.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹ElonMusk(伊隆·馬斯克)的成長故事。1．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthefirstparagraph？DA．NobodywillplayamatchwithMusk.B．Threepeoplecontroltheworld.C．Muskdislikestryinganything.D．Muskisworld-famousandgreat.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Someonesays...‘Thereisnotry’．”可推知，作者認(rèn)為無人能與Musk相提并論，他是世界聞名的宏大人物。故選D。2．WhendidMusksellhisvideogame,Blaster？BA．In1981. B．In1983.C．In1986. D．In2002.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“MuskwasbornonJune28,1971”可知，Musk誕生于1971年6月28日；再依據(jù)“Atthe...Blaster”可知，他12歲時，即1983年把電子游戲Blaster賣掉。故選B。3．WhydidMusk'sparentsaskdoctorstocheckhishearing？DA．Becausehefeltagreatpaininhisears.B．Becausehisparentswantedtogivehimearaids.C．Becausehewasinjuredwhilelearningboxingandwrestling.D．Becausehemighthavefailedtorespondwhenhewascalled.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Muskwas...hishearing.”可推知，Musk小時候?qū)Ｗ⒆约旱幕孟牒酮殑?chuàng)，以至于對別人的叫喊經(jīng)常不做出反應(yīng)，家長以為他的耳朵出了問題，所以要醫(yī)生給他檢查耳朵。故選D。4．WhatcanweknowaboutMuskfromthelastparagraph?CA．HesetupthecompanyZip2inhislate20s.B．HehasgivenupthenationalityofCanada.C．Hebecamethe21strichestpersonintheworldat45.D．Hehasgivenaway$44.2millionovertheyears.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句可知，Musk誕生于1971年，再依據(jù)最終一段倒數(shù)其次句“In2016hewasthe21strichestpersonintheworld.”可知，2016年，即在他45歲時成為世界上第21位最富有的人。故選C。Ⅱ.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。(2024·新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ卷)OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave1.Dthecourseearlierthanshedid.Her2.Acamebecauseshewascarryinga3.Dacrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher4.Awhenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She5.Ctohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith6.B.Shecouldn't.Baileythen7.DtoletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget8.Aattention.Oncethere,Lenouewas9.Bandlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme10.BtomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey'shelp.AsforBailey,sheismore11.Caboutwhyheractisconsideredabig12.D.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn't13.Aher，”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe14.C,they'vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe15.Bofhumankindnesswontheday.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了在明尼蘇達(dá)州實行的一次越野賽中，MelanieBailey背著另一個參賽者DanielleLenoue過終點線并接受醫(yī)療檢查的善行義舉。1．A.designed B．followedC．changed D．finished解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：MelanieBailey應(yīng)當(dāng)更早完成競賽。A.designed設(shè)計；B．followed跟隨；C.changed變更；D．finished完成。依據(jù)下一段的“carriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget8attention”可知，Bailey在競賽中背一名參賽者，所以完成競賽晚了，因此句子表示“MelanieBailey應(yīng)當(dāng)更早完成競賽”。故選D。2．A.delay B．chanceC．trouble D．excuse解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的延遲是因為她背著一名競爭對手沖過終點線。A.delay延誤；B．chance機會；C.trouble麻煩；D．excuse借口。依據(jù)上文“MelanieBaileyshouldhave1thecourseearlierthanshedid”和上一題的解析可知，MelanieBailey應(yīng)當(dāng)更早完成競賽，她的延遲是因為她背著一名競爭對手沖過終點線。故選A。3．A.judge B．volunteerC．classmate D．competitor解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的延遲是因為她背著一名參賽者沖過終點線。A.judge裁判；B．volunteer志愿者；C.classmate同學(xué)；D．competitor參賽者。依據(jù)第一段的“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”可知，她是背著一名參賽者沖過終點線。故選D。4．A.race B．schoolC．town D．training解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)匾患覉蠹垐蟮溃?dāng)Bailey跑到競賽的三分之二多的時候，她前面的一名選手起先苦痛地哭泣。A.race競賽；B．school學(xué)校；C.town城鎮(zhèn)；D．training訓(xùn)練。依據(jù)第一段的“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”可知，此處是說“當(dāng)Bailey跑到競賽的三分之二多的時候”。故選A。5．A.agreed B．returnedC．stopped D．promised解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她停下來幫助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。A.agreed同意；B．returned回來；C.stopped停止；D．promised答應(yīng)。依據(jù)下文“tohelpherfellowrunner”可知，她停下來幫助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。故選C。6．A.courage B．a(chǎn)idC．patience D．a(chǎn)dvice解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Bailey扶著她的胳膊，看看她能否在幫助下向前走。A.courage志氣；B．a(chǎn)id幫助；C.patience耐性；D．a(chǎn)dvice建議。依據(jù)上文“Baileytookherarm”可知，此處表示看她是否能在她的幫助下向前走。故選B。7．A.wentaway B．stoodupC．steppedaside D．bentdown解析：考查動詞短語辨析。句意：然后Bailey彎下腰，讓Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背著她走到終點線，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治療的地方。A.wentaway離開； B．stoodup站起來；C.steppedaside讓路；D．bentdown彎腰。依據(jù)下文“l(fā)etLenoueclimbontoherback”可知，Bailey彎下腰，讓Lenoue爬到她的背上。故選D。8．A.medical B．publicC．constant D．equal解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后Bailey彎下腰，讓Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背著她走到終點線，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治療的地方。A.medical醫(yī)療的；B．public公眾的；C.constant持續(xù)不斷的；D．equal同等的。依據(jù)上文“begancryinginpain”可知，DanielleLenoue很疼，所以是要接受治療，medicalattention意為“醫(yī)療救助”。故選A。9．A.interrupted B．a(chǎn)ssessedC．identified D．a(chǎn)ppreciated解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了檢查，后來被送往醫(yī)院，在那里她得知自己的一個膝蓋受了重傷。A.interrupted打斷；B．a(chǎn)ssessed評估；C.identified識別；D．a(chǎn)ppreciated感謝。依據(jù)下文“l(fā)atertakentoahospital”可知，她是先接受了檢查，再被送往醫(yī)院，也就是先接受評估。故選B。10．A.hunger B．painC．cold D．tiredness解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：假如沒有Bailey的幫助，她可能會在極度的苦痛中掙扎著到達(dá)那個救濟檢查站。A.hunger饑餓；B．pain難過；C.cold感冒；D．tiredness乏累。依據(jù)第5空前的“begancryinginpain”可知，此處表示“假如沒有Bailey的幫助，她可能會在極度的苦痛中掙扎著到達(dá)那個救濟檢查站”。故選B。11．A.worried B．a(chǎn)shamedC．confused D．discouraged解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是為什么她的行為被認(rèn)為是一件大事。A.worried擔(dān)憂的；B．a(chǎn)shamed慚愧的；C.confused困惑的；D．discouraged泄氣的。依據(jù)下文“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing”可知，Bailey覺得自己只是做了正確的事情，所以她對她的行為被認(rèn)為是一件大事感到困惑。故選C。12．A.game B．problemC．lesson D．deal解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是為什么她的行為被認(rèn)為是一件大事。A.game游戲；B．problem問題；C.lesson課；D．deal交易，局面。依據(jù)下文“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing”可知，Bailey覺得自己只是做了正確的事情，所以她對她的行為被認(rèn)為是一件大事感到困惑，abigdeal意為“特殊重要的事”。故選D。13．A.leave B．cureC．bother D．understand解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不能離開她。A.leave離開；B．cure治愈；C.bother打擾；D．understand理解。依據(jù)上文“Shewasjustcrying”以及讓Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背著她走到終點線，然后又走了300英尺?？芍?，Bailey望見Lenoue哭喊，所以覺得不能離開她。故選A。14．A.ride B．testC．meet D．show解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然這兩個年輕女子在那場體育競賽之前是生疏人，但后來她們成了摯友。A.ride短途旅程；B．test測試；C.meet體育競賽；D．show展示。依據(jù)第一段“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”及空前的“thetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbefore”可知，當(dāng)時是一場競賽，句子表示“這兩個年輕女子在那場體育競賽之前是生疏人”。故選C。15．A.secret B．displayC．benefit D．exchange解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兩人都沒有贏得競賽，但展示出的人類和善贏得了勝利。A.secret隱私；B．display展示；C.benefit利益；D．exchange交換。依據(jù)其次段的“l(fā)etLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget8attention”可知，Bailey背著一個參賽者過終點，并背她去接受檢查，這展示了人類的和善。故選B。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Faradaywasthe1.inventor(invent)oftheelectricgeneratorandelectricmotor.Faraday'sfathersufferedfromlong-timehealthproblems,asaresultof2.whichhisfamilyhadlittlemoneytoaffordhisformalschooling.Buthewascuriousanddeterminedtolearn.While3.working(work)inLondonasateenager,hehadachancetoread4.various(vary)booksthathecouldgethishandson.In1812,heattendedfourlecturesattheRoyalInstitutiongivenbyafamouschemistnamedHumphreyDavy.AyearlaterFaraday5.wasaccepted(accept)asDavy'slabassistant.DavyalsotookFaradayon6.an18-monthtourofEurope,whereFaradaymetsomeofthemostfamousscientistsoftheday.ButforDavy,Fa