中考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法之系動(dòng)詞+比較級(jí)和句子結(jié)構(gòu)解析課件

語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)系動(dòng)詞同級(jí)比較6個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句結(jié)構(gòu)系動(dòng)詞+形容詞系動(dòng)詞，也稱(chēng)聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞（LinkingVerb），是用來(lái)輔助主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。它本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語(yǔ)，其后必須跟表語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。系動(dòng)詞（系形—“細(xì)心”組合）1.特殊：2.感官：3.（變）：4.（不變）：keep,stay,remainbe(am,is,are,was,were)seemlook,sound,feel,taste,smellbecome,get,turn,go,grow1.Thedoglooked___.Theboylooked___atthepoordog.A.dead;sad B.dying;sadlyC.deadly;sadly D.dying;sad2.Themedicinetastes_____, butworks_____. A.bitter;well B.bitter;goodC.bitterly,well D.bitterly;good3.Theclothlooks____,feels_____andsells_____.A.beautiful;soft;well B.beauty;softly;wellC.beautifully;softly;good D.beautiful;soft;good鞏固提高1.---Youdon'tlookvery__.Areyouill?---No,I'mjustabittired.A.goodB.wellC.strongD.healthy2.Whathesaidsounds_____.A.nicelyB.pleasantlyC.friendly D.wonderfully3.Theseorangestaste_____.A.goodB.wellC.tobegood D.tobewell同級(jí)比較狀語(yǔ)從句中有一類(lèi)稱(chēng)為比較狀語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞主要為as...as（和……一樣），notas/so...as（不如……），

主要句型結(jié)構(gòu)：“A與B一樣……?！癆不如B……”。主語(yǔ)A+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as+對(duì)比物B”主語(yǔ)A+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞否定形式(not)+as/so+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as+對(duì)比物Be.g.___________________“他和我一樣高。”Heisn’tas/sotallasme/I.“他不如我高。”=Iamtallerthanhe/him.“我比他高?！盻______________________________________

她做作業(yè)和他一樣認(rèn)真。”“她做作業(yè)不如他認(rèn)真?！薄八鲎鳂I(yè)比她認(rèn)真?！盚eisastallasme/I.Shedoesherhomeworkascarefullyashe/him.Shedoesn’tdoherhomeworkas/socarefullyashe/him.=Hedoeshishomeworkmorecarefullythanshe/her.1.invite(v.動(dòng)詞)邀請(qǐng)→(n.名詞)邀請(qǐng)函/信2.disappointed(adj.形容詞)失望的；沮喪的

（修飾

）disappointing(adj.)令人失望的

（修飾

）→

(n.名詞)失望例如：Michaelfelt

becauseofthetruth.Theendingofthestoryis

.人物disappointmentdisappointeddisappointinginvitationexcite(v.)使激動(dòng)；使興奮→(adj.形容詞)興奮的→(adj.形容詞)令人興奮的→(n.名詞)興奮；激動(dòng)excitedexcitingexcitement歸納總結(jié)：v.動(dòng)詞→adj.形容詞

（-ing/-ed）interest→surprise→amaze→frighten→move→please→tire→worry→satisfy→relax→interestinginterestedsurprisingsurprisedamazingamazedfrighteningfrightenedmovingmovedpleasingpleasedtiringtiredworryingworriedsatisfyingsatisfiedrelaxingrelaxed3.facial(adj.形容詞)面部的→(n.名詞)臉譜：4.worryabout/beworriedabout擔(dān)憂/擔(dān)心……例如：不要擔(dān)心他的數(shù)學(xué)。Don’t

hismath./

Don’t

hismath.他總是擔(dān)心他的英語(yǔ)成績(jī)。Healways

hisEnglish./He

always

hisEnglish.facefacialpaintingworryaboutbeworriedaboutworriesaboutisworriedabout1.exam(n.名詞)考試；測(cè)驗(yàn)→同義詞：詞組：考試

/2.feeling(n.名詞)感覺(jué)；想法→(v.動(dòng)詞)feel過(guò)去式：3.usual(adj.形容詞)通常的；平常的詞組：“像往常一樣”例如：他沒(méi)有像平常一樣早起。Hedidn’tgetupearly

.4.help(v.動(dòng)詞)幫助→(adj.形容詞)有用的，有益的

反義詞：無(wú)用的asusualtesthaveanexamhaveatestfeltasusualhelpfulhelpless歸納總結(jié)：use→(adj.形容詞)

反義詞：care→(adj.形容詞)

反義詞：thank→(adj.形容詞)

反義詞：usefuluselesscarefulcarelessthankfulthankless5.old(adj.形容詞)“年老的”反義詞：比較級(jí)：

“年長(zhǎng)的”

“更老的”old“舊的”反義詞：例如：Tom比Jim大一歲。Tomisoneyear

thanJim.Tom是Jim的哥哥。TomisJim’s

brother.youngelderoldernewolderelder6.sad(adj.形容詞)“悲傷的；難過(guò)的”→(n.名詞)sadness

悲傷Theboylooks

.Howdidhedealwithhis

?happy→(n.名詞)ill→(n.名詞)sadsadnesshappinessillness7.someone(pron.不定代詞)“某人”，用于肯定句中；anyone“任何人”，用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句中；everyone“每個(gè)人，人人”noone=nobody“沒(méi)有人”（只指人）反義詞：allnone“沒(méi)有一個(gè)，毫無(wú)”（指人或物，強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量。none可以與of連用）Noneofus/themcananswerthequestion.我們/他們中沒(méi)有一個(gè)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Noneofthefoodwasleft.一點(diǎn)食物都沒(méi)有留下。8.fair(adj.形容詞)“

公平的”→反義詞：friendly→反義詞：

happy→反義詞：lucky→反義詞：

luckily→反義詞：able→反義詞：unfairunfriendlyunhappyunluckyunluckilyunable1.speak(v.動(dòng)詞)“說(shuō)（語(yǔ)言）”→(n.名詞)“演講”“做演講”2.rich(adj.形容詞)“

富有的；油膩的”→反義詞：therich“有錢(qián)人；富人”“窮人”：“盲人”：richfood“油膩的食物”3.sick(adj.形容詞)“

生病的”可以做表語(yǔ)，也可做定語(yǔ)。ill(adj.形容詞)“

生病的”，只能做表語(yǔ)。例如：這個(gè)老人生病了。Theoldmanis

.昨天這個(gè)生病的老人被送去醫(yī)院了。The

manwassenttothehospitalyesterday.詞組：生病住院

beill/sickinhospitalspeechmakeaspeechpoorthepoortheblindill/sicksick4.“驕傲；自豪”：beproudof/takepridein例如：我為我們的祖國(guó)而驕傲。I’mproudofourcountry.=Itakeprideinourcountry.5.especial(adj.形容詞)“

特別的”→(adv.副詞)

形容詞+ly→副詞quick→

sad→

polite→

slow→careful→

beautiful→

sudden→fine→

quiet→

loud→

silent→部分ly結(jié)尾的形容詞：lonely,friendly,lively,ugly,lovelyquicklysadlypolitelyslowlycarefullybeautifullysuddenlyfinelyquietlyloudlysilently6.fill(v.動(dòng)詞)“充滿，裝滿”→(adj.形容詞)filled/full“滿的”fillwithsth.（使）充滿，填滿fill…withsth.用…裝滿…例如：他的眼里充滿著淚水。Hiseyesfilledwithtears.Michael把這個(gè)箱子裝滿了書(shū)。Michaelfilledtheboxwithbooks.“充滿……”：befullof…/befilledwith…例如：這個(gè)瓶子里裝滿了水。Thebottle

isfullofwater.Thebottleisfilledwith

water.7.decide(v.動(dòng)詞)“決定”→(n.名詞)“做決定”：“決定做某事”：decidetodosth.=例如：在作重要決定前要仔細(xì)考慮。Thinkitoverbefore

.makeadecisionmakeadecisiontodosth.makinganimportantdecision1.worry(動(dòng)詞)—_______________(形容詞)2.live(動(dòng)詞)—_________________(形容詞)3.face(名詞，動(dòng)詞)—___________(形容詞)4.paint(動(dòng)詞)—________________(名詞)5.frighten(動(dòng)詞)—_________/__________(形容詞)6.invite(動(dòng)詞)—________________(名詞)7.disappoint(動(dòng)詞)—_________________(名詞)______________/_______________(形容詞)

worriedlivelyfacialpaintingfrightenedfrighteninginvitationdisappointmentdisappointeddisappointing1.我最喜歡的電影之一_________________________2.過(guò)夜__________________________________________3.向某人道謝___________________________________4.看電影________________________________________5.一張……的票_________________________________6.感到孤單______________________________________7.為……感到難過(guò)_______________________________oneofmyfavoritemoviesspendtheevening/nightsaythankstosb.gotothemoviesaticketto…feellonelyfeelsorryfor…8.和……和解_______________________________9.臉譜_____________________________________10.首先____________________________________11.有能力做某事 ___________________________受……喜愛(ài)______________________________13.照顧____________________________________makepeacewith…facialpaintingsatfirstbeabletodosth.bepopularwith…carefor/lookafter/takecareof14.由于_____________________________________15.使振奮/高興起來(lái)_________________________16.形成_____________________________________17.充滿____________________________________18.最后_____________________________________19.害怕做某事______________________________becauseofcheerupcomeintobeingbefullof/befilledwith intheend/atlastbeafraidofdoingsth./todosth.2.Hemustbeexcitedtogetit.

意思是“他能拿到票一定很激動(dòng)?！盜’lltellhimtheexcitingnewsrightnow.

意思是“我會(huì)馬上告訴他這個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的消息。”beexcited意為“感到激動(dòng)的”，主語(yǔ)一般為_(kāi)__。beexciting意為“令人興奮的”，主語(yǔ)一般為_(kāi)__。類(lèi)似的還有：interested/interestingsurprised/surprisingbored/boring人物用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。⑴Heis___________atthe____________news.(disappoint)⑵Thefilmis_______.Weare______bythefilm.(move)⑶Thematchwas_______.Thefansgotso______thattheydanced.(excite)⑷Ifelt________tohearthat.Itwas_________.(surprise)disappointeddisappointingmovingmoveexcitingexcitedsurprisedsurprising3.Thefatherwaslonelyandoftenbecameangrybecauseofthenoisychildren.意思是“孤獨(dú)的父親經(jīng)常由于吵吵鬧鬧的孩子們而發(fā)怒?！雹舕onely表示“孤單的，寂寞的”，指主觀上的，既可作表語(yǔ)也可做定語(yǔ)。alonelyroad意為“一條偏僻的道路”。alone表示“單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的”，指客觀上的，只作表語(yǔ)，不能做定語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，選擇alone或lonely填空。①I(mǎi)candothework______.②Shefelt_______,althoughthereweremanypeoplearound.③Thatisa(n)______island.Noonehaseverbeenthere.lonelylonelyalone⑵becauseof意為“由于”，是介詞短語(yǔ)，后常跟名詞或短語(yǔ)。because后可以跟句子。e.g.Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecauseofhisillness.=Hedidn’tcometoschool_______________.“由于他生病了，所以沒(méi)來(lái)上學(xué)?！眀ecausehewasill1.—你好嗎？—很好，謝謝。Howareyou(doing)?Fine,thankyou.2.在中國(guó)，京劇過(guò)去在老年人中受歡迎。BeijingOperausedtobepopularwitholdpeopleinChina.3.他覺(jué)得失望因?yàn)樗I(mǎi)不到電影票。Hefeltdisappointedbecausehewasn’tabletobuythetickettothemovie5.—音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)怎么樣？—很優(yōu)美。Howdoesthemusicsound?Soundsbeautiful.6.他們準(zhǔn)備去看什么電影？Whatmoviearetheygoingtosee?1.sadness(名詞)—___________(形容詞)2.love(動(dòng)詞)—______________(形容詞)3.help(動(dòng)詞、名詞)—________(形容詞)4.feel(動(dòng)詞)—_________________(名詞)sadlovelyhelpfulfeeling1.在某方面表現(xiàn)很差_____________________________2.與某人談一談__________________________________3.謝謝你做了某事________________________________4.有這些感受____________________________________5.給某人講笑話__________________________________6.在某人的年齡時(shí)________________________________dobadlyin/beweakintalkwithsb./haveatalkwithsb.thankyoufordoingsth.get/havethesefeelingstellsb.Jokesatone’sage7.順便提一下____________________________________8.放松___________________________________________9.并且___________________________________________10.害怕去做某事________________________________11.發(fā)瘋________________________________________12.習(xí)慣于（做）某事___________________________bythewaytakeiteasywhat’smorebeafraidtodosth.gomadgetusedto(doing)sth.13.與……交朋友________________________________14.即使________________________________________15.考試不及格 _______________________________16.處理;處置__________________________________17.拒絕做某事 _______________________________18.過(guò)正常的生活________________________________be/makefriendswitheventhoughfail(topassan)examdealwithrefusetodosth.haveanormallife1.Anythingwrong?=Isthereanythingwrong?

意思是“有什么麻煩嗎?”注意：形容詞修飾不定代詞要后置

。e.g.“不好的事情”____________________“一切新的事物”____________________()Isthere_____inthenewspapertoday?A.somethingimportantB.anythingimportantC.importantanythingsomethingbadeverythingnewB2.Whatseemstobetheproblem?

意思是“似乎有什么問(wèn)題?”⑴seemtodosth.意為“似乎做某事”，常與“Itseemsthat+句子”替換。e.g.Heseemstoknowhername.似乎他知道她的名字。=__________________________⑵seem+adj.意為“似乎(怎樣)”，

構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g.Youseemsad.“你似乎很傷心?！?____________________=____________________Itseemsthatheknowshername.Youseem(tobe)sad.Itseemsthatyouaresad.3.Iwasnotusedtoanythinghere.

意思是“我不適應(yīng)這里的一切?！眊et/beusedto(doing)sth.（用法見(jiàn)第14講語(yǔ)法梳理(一)）e.g.()⑴I______gettingupearly.A.amusedto B.usedtoC.amusedfor()⑵He______listentothepopsongs,butnowhelistenstothefolksongs.A.amusedto B.usedtoC.getusedtoAB4.Myclassmatesallacceptme.

意思是“我的同學(xué)都接受了我?！薄颈嫖觥縜ccept和receiveaccept“接受”，指主觀上接受。receive“收到，得到”，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上收到，主觀上不一定接受。()⑴She_____agiftbutshedidn’twanttoacceptit.A.got B.received C.accepted()⑵Ican’t______youradvice.A.get B.receive C.acceptBC5.Itisnormaltohavethesefeelings.

意思是“有這些感受是很正常的。”Itisnormal...意為“……是正常的”。

在句型“Itis+adj.+todo”中，It是形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是后面的_______________。e.g.____________________afteralongtrip.“長(zhǎng)途旅行后感到疲勞是正常的。”Itisnormaltofeeltired動(dòng)詞不定式todo類(lèi)似的還有句型“findit+adj.+todo”。

句子中的It也是形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)也是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式todo。e.g.I________________learnEnglishwell.“我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)是很難的。”They________________swiminthesea.“他們發(fā)現(xiàn)在大海里游泳是很危險(xiǎn)的。”finditdifficulttofinditdangerousto6.Ifyoudon’tknowhowtodealwiththeseproblems,youmaylearnsomethingfromJeff.意思是“如果你不知道怎樣處理這些問(wèn)題，你可以向杰夫?qū)W習(xí)?！雹興ealwith意為“對(duì)付，處理”，用于特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)與____搭配使用。⑵dowith意為“對(duì)付，處理”，用于特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)與_____搭配使用。e.g.Howdoyoudealwiththisproblem?=_____________________________“你要如何處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題？”Whatdoyoudowiththisproblem?

how

what7.Hedoesn’thatethedriveranylonger.

意思是“他不再憎恨那個(gè)司機(jī)了?！雹舗ot…anylonger=nolonger意為“不再……”，指時(shí)間上不再。⑵not…anymore=nomore意為“不再……”，指次數(shù)上不再。注意：其中not通常要與前面的助動(dòng)詞連用。①Youaren’tachildanylonger.你不再是個(gè)小孩了。=______________________②Wedidn’tvisithimanymore.我們不再去拜訪他了。=______________________Youarenolongerachild.Wevisitedhimnomore.1.她感到孤獨(dú)，因?yàn)樗龥](méi)有朋友可交談。Shefeelslonelybecauseshehasnofriendstotalkwith.2.她不知道該如何和別人談?wù)撨@件事。Shedoesn’tknowhowtotalkwithothersaboutit.3.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很難。IfinditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.4.我現(xiàn)在生活得和以前一樣快樂(lè)。Iliveashappilyasbefore5.我無(wú)法像平常那樣睡得好。Ican’tsleepas/sowellasusual.6.這里的路不如我們家鄉(xiāng)的干凈。Theroadsaren’tas/socleanasthoseinourhometown.7.食物也不如我們的美味可口。Thefoodisn’tas/sodeliciousasours,either.8.他不再獨(dú)自呆在房間里了。Hedoesn’tstayintheroomaloneanylonger=Henolongerstaysintheroomalone.1.speak(動(dòng)詞)—_______________(名詞)2.pride(名詞)—______________(形容詞)3.choose(動(dòng)詞)—_______________(名詞)4.decide(動(dòng)詞)—_______________(名詞)5.confident(形容詞)—___________(名詞)6.silent(形容詞)—______________(名詞)speechproudchoicedecisionconfidencesilence1.做一次演講__________________________________2.進(jìn)行一次測(cè)試________________________________3.遵從醫(yī)囑_____________________________________4.臥病在床_____________________________________5.從自行車(chē)上摔下來(lái)____________________________6.躺在路上_____________________________________give/makeaspeechhaveatestfollow/takethedoctor’sadvicebeillinbedfalloffthebikelieontheroad7.對(duì)……有信心__________________________________8.以……為自豪__________________________________9.保持沉默______________________________________10.處于良好的情緒_____________________________11.笑對(duì)生活____________________________________12.給某人一個(gè)驚喜_____________________________beconfidentabout...beproudof...keepsilentinagoodmoodsmileatlifegivesb.asurprise13.表演短劇____________________________________14.幸福感______________________________________15.陷入困境____________________________________16.仔細(xì)思考____________________________________17.心情好______________________________________putonashortplayasenseofhappinessintroublethinkoverinhighspirits1.Iamafraidheisgoingtobesick.

意思是“我擔(dān)心他可能會(huì)生病。”ill表示“生病的”，ill只能作表語(yǔ)。

詞組：fallill=beill“生病”sick也表示“生病的”，sick既能作表語(yǔ)，也能作定語(yǔ)。e.g.⑴Themanis_______.（作表語(yǔ)）“那個(gè)男人病了?！?/p>

⑵The_____boyliesinbed.（作定語(yǔ)）“那個(gè)生病的男孩躺在床上?！眎ll/sicksick2.Hewasafraidtogivehisspeech,buthediditanyway.

意思是“他害怕做演講，但無(wú)論如何他做到了。”beafraid（用法參見(jiàn)第15講考點(diǎn)解析5(2)）e.g.⑴Iwasafraid___________h