2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省陽(yáng)江市高新區(qū)高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷

啟用前★注意保密2023-2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高一期末監(jiān)測(cè)題英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè)?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項(xiàng):1.答題前,考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫(xiě)清楚,將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě),字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫(huà)出,確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔,不要折疊,不要弄破、弄皺,不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABEIJING—ChinesePresidentXiJinpingannouncedthatChinawilllaunchtheGlobalArtificialIntelligence(AI)GovernanceInitiative,whichpresentsaconstructiveapproachtoaddressinguniversalconcernsoverAIdevelopmentandgovernanceanddrewupblueprintsforrelevantinternationaldiscussionsandrule-making,aforeignministryspokespersonsaidonWednesday.XimadetheannouncementinhiskeynotespeechattheopeningceremonyofthethirdBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation(BRF)inBeijingonWednesday.“ItispartofChina’sactiveefforttoadvancethevisionofacommunitywithasharedfutureformankindandtheGlobalDevelopmentInitiative,theGlobalSecurityInitiativeandtheGlobalCivilizationInitiative,”thespokespersonsaid.AIisanewfrontierofhumandevelopment,anditcomeswithmajoropportunitiesandhard-to-predictrisksandchallengesthatrequireglobalresponse,thespokespersonsaid.ThespokespersonsaidtheInitiativesystematicallyoutlinesChina’sproposalsonAIgovernancefromthreeaspects,namely,thedevelopment,securityandgovernanceofAI.ThecorecomponentsoftheInitiativeare:Weshouldupholdapeople-centeredapproachindevelopingAIandadheretotheprincipleofdevelopingAIforthegoodofhumanity,sothatAIisdevelopedinawaythatisbeneficialtohumanprogress;Weshouldupholdtheprinciplesofmutualrespect,equalityandmutualbenefitinAIdevelopment,andopposedrawingideologicallinesorformingexclusivegroupstoobstructothercountriesfromdevelopingAI;WeshouldpromotetheestablishmentofatestingandassessmentsystembasedonAIrisklevels,soastomakeAItechnologiesmoresecure,reliable,controllableandequitable;WesupporteffortstodevelopAIgovernanceframeworks,normsandstandardsbasedonbroadconsensusandwithfullrespectforpoliciesandpracticesamongcountries,andsupportdiscussionswithintheUnitedNationsframeworktoestablishaninternationalinstitutiontogovernAI;Effortsshouldbemadetoconductinternationalcooperationwithandprovideassistancetodevelopingcountries,tobridgethegapinAIanditsgovernancecapacity.“ChinastandsreadytohaveexchangesandpracticalcooperationwithallsidesonglobalAIgovernanceanddeliverbenefitforallhumanbeingsthroughAItechnology,”thespokespersonadded.21．WhatannouncementwasmadeaccordingtoParagraph1?A．RulesaboutAIcontrolinChina.B．AinitiativeaboutgoverningAIglobally.C．UniversalconcernsaboutAIdevelopment.D．DomesticplansforAIrule-making.22．Wecanlearnfromthespokesmanthat__________.A．AIdevelopmentneedsglobalconcernsB．ChinahasmadeeveryefforttodevelopAIC．TheinitiativewaslaunchedrelatedtofouraspectsD．AIshouldadvancebasedontheneedsofrobots23．What’sChina’sattitudetowardsAIdevelopmentaccordingtothetext?A．Supportiveifit’sforhuman-kind.B．Indifferentifit’sforsomepeople’sbenefit.C．Disapprovedifitisnotforeducation.D．Neutralwhateveritis.BIwascuttinguplettuce(生菜)inthekitchenwhenIsuddenlyrememberedwatchingavideoaboutputtingthelettucestub(殘余部分)inwatertogrowawholenewvegetable.SoItookoutawide-mouthedmug(大杯)andplacedthestubintoit,gaveitalittlewater,andplaceditbythewindow.Onasnowymorning,Inoticedthefirstsign.Afirstsmallleaffromitsheartspreadout.Atinygreenflagofhope.Beaten,butnotdefeated.Withindays,itwasimpossibletoseethecutswhereIhadremovedtheleaves.Thegrowthwasexplosive.AndwhenIliftedtheblossomingheadoutofthemug,tinyrootthreadsfelldown,seekingfortheearth.Whatisgrowinghere?Lettuceorhope?IfIwerealettuceinasimilarcondition,I’dwanttodoubtfullyassesswhereIfoundmyselfbeforebeingdevotedtofullgrowth.Yetforthislettuce,myinadequateofferingofwaterandaplacebyawindowwasenoughforittodecidetoreclaimitselfagain.Itgrewinamugofwater,infaith.Thisistheheartofthislettuce:alive,strongandfearless.Itdeservedaname.IdecidedtocallitMonty.Montywantedtogrow,aswealldo.IthinkIgavehimalittleloveandfreedom.Thosetwoingredientswereallheneededtoreturntohimself.Iseejoyinthislettuce.Thereturntoselfisalwaysanexpressionofjoy,whichislifeitself.Withtherightingredients,thisisthetendencyofalllivingthings.Montystilllivesinamug,butI’mgoingtotransplanthimoutside.Hedeservestobecomehisfullself.TheonlyproblemIseenowismycapacitytosupportMonty.IhopeIhaveenoughofagreenfinger.I’msurprisedtofindmyselfwhereIam.MaybeMontyis,too.Ihavethesamechoiceashedoes:giveinanddecay(腐爛),orstartagain.Theprospectofstartingagainisdiscouraging.Butmylettuce-friend,Monty,leadstheway.Icanonlyhopetobeasbrave.24．Whydidtheauthorputthestubinwater?A．Tohopethatitwouldgrow. B．Todecoratethenicemug.C．Toconductanexperiment. D．Toremovehisbadmood.25．Whatisthefirstsignoflifeintheauthor’seyes?A．Theremainingstub. B．Thesmallleaf.C．Thedisappearingcuts. D．Thetinyrootthreads.26．Howwouldtheauthorfeelifinthelettuce’ssituation?A．Hesitant. B．Fearless. C．Confident. D．Annoyed.27．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleofthepassage?A．Enjoyyourownlifetothefullest. B．Believeinyourselfwhenintrouble.C．Neverbeafraidtorestartyourself. D．Givefreedomtotheheartinaway.CAntibiotics,whichcandestroyorpreventthegrowthofbacteriaandcureinfections,arevitaltomodernmedicine.Theirabilitytokillbacteriawithoutharmingthepatienthassavedbillionsoflivesandmadesurgicalproceduresmuchsafer.Butafterdecadesofoveruse,theirpowersarefading.Somebacteriahaveevolvedresistance,creatingagrowingarmyofsuperbugs,againstwhichthereislittleeffectivetreatment.Antimicrobial(抗菌的)resistance,expectedtokill10millionpeopleayearby2050upfromaround1millionin2019,hasbeenseenasacrisisbymany.Itwouldbeunwisetorelyonnewantibioticstosolvetheproblem.Therateatwhichresistanceemergesisincreasing.Somenewdrugslastonlytwoyearsbeforebacteriadevelopresistance.Whennewantibioticsdoarrive,doctorsoftenstorethem,usingthemonlyreluctantlyandforshortperiodswhenfacedwiththemostpersistentinfections.Thatlimitssales,makingnewantibioticsanunappealingideaformostdrugfirms.Governmentshavebeentryingtofixtheproblembychannelingcashintoresearchindrugfirms.Thathasproducedonlylimitedimprovements.Butthereisaphenomenonworthalook.Microbiologistshaveknownfordecadesthatdisease-causingbacteriacansufferfromillnessesoftheirown.Theyaresupersensitivetoattacksbyphages,specializedvirusesthatinfectbacteriaandoftenkillthem.Phagesareconsideredapromisingalternativetoantibiotics.Usingonedisease-causingvirustofightbacteriahasseveraladvantages.Likeantibiotics,phagesonlytendtochooseparticulartargets,leavinghumancellsaloneastheyinfectanddestroybacterialones.Unlikeantibiotics,phagescanevolvejustasreadilyasbacteriacan,meaningthatevenifbacteriadodevelopresistance,phagesmaybeabletoevolvearoundtheminturn.That,atleast,isthetheory.Thetroublewithphagesisthatcomparativelylittleisknownaboutthem.Afterthediscoveryofpenicillin,thefirstantibiotic,in1928,theywerelargelyignoredintheWest.Giventheseverityoftheantibiotic-resistanceproblem,itwouldbeagoodideatofindoutmoreaboutthem.Thefirststepistorunmoreclinicaltrials.InterestfromWesternfirmsisgrowing.Butitisbeingheldbackbythefactthatphagesareanevenlessappealinginvestmentthanantibiotics.Sincetheyarenaturallivingthings,theremaybetroublepatentingthem,makingithardtorecoveranyinvestment.Governmentscanhelpfundbasicresearchintophagetreatmentandclarifythelawaroundexactlywhatisandisnotpatentable.Intimetheycansetupphagebankssoastomakeproductioncheaper.Andtheycanspreadawarenessoftherisksofoverusingantibiotics,andthepotentialbenefitsofphages.28．Wecanlearnfromparagraphs1and2that.A．doctorstendtousenewantibioticswhenthepatientsaskforthemB．a(chǎn)ntimicrobialresistanceisdevelopingmorerapidlythanpredictedC．newantibioticsfailtoattractdrugfirmsduetolimiteduseofthemD．previousantibioticsareeffectiveinsolvingmodernhealthproblems29．Whatisphages’advantageoverantibiotics?A．Theycanincreasehumancellswhenfightingbacteria.B．Theyarenotparticularaboutwhichcellstoinfectandkill.C．Theycanevolveaccordinglywhenbacteriadevelopresistance.D．Theyaretoosensitivetobeinfectedbydisease-causingbacteria.30．Accordingtothepassage,theobstacletophagetreatmentisthat.A．thereislittlechanceofpatentingphagesinthefutureB．governmentsprovidefinancialsupportforotherresearchC．theemergenceofsuperbugsholdsbackdrugfirms’interestD．over-dependenceonantibioticsdistractsattentionfromphages31．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Governmentsfailtostoptheuseofantibiotics.B．Phagescouldhelppreventanantibioticscrisis.C．Developmentofantibioticsislimitedbyphages.D．Antimicrobialresistancecallsfornewantibiotics.DTonallanguagesusepitch(音調(diào))todistinguishwordsthatotherwisemightsoundthesame.InMandarin,forinstance,m?meanshorsewhereasm?meansmother.NontonallanguageslikeSpanishsometimesincludepitchchangestosuggestemotion,forexample,butnottochangeaword’smeaning.AsaMandarinspeakerandmusician,JingxuanLiuwonderedaboutthecrossover(融合)betweenlanguageandmusic.WhilestudyingatDukeUniversity,Liuhelpedanalyzethemusicalabilitiesofnearlyhalfamillionpeoplefrom203countries.Hercolleagueshadlaunchedanonlinegameinwhichparticipantscompletedseveralmusicaltasks,includingidentifyingmatchingmelodiesatdifferentpitchesandfindingbeattracksthatfitsongs’rhythms.Onaverage,nativespeakersofthe19representedtonallanguageswerebetteratthemelodytaskcomparedwithspeakersof29nontonallanguages.Andtheeffectwasn’tsmallatonalfirstlanguagestrengthenedmelodicunderstandingbyabouthalftheamountthatmusiclessonsdid,whichwasalsosurveyed.Buttonallanguagesspeakerstendedtobeworseattherhythmtask.Humansmustbechoosyaboutwhattheypayattentionto.Pitchpatternsarequiteimportantintonallanguages,whichmightexplainthebalancingactinmusic.“You’vegotafiniteresourceofattention,andyou’vegottodivideupthatsomehow,”saysstudycoauthorCourtneyHilton,ascientistattheUniversityofAucklandinNewZealand.Priorresearchonlanguageandmusicoftencomparedjusttwotongues,usuallyEnglishandMandarin.Butotherculturalinfluences,suchasEasternandWesternmusicstyles,couldhaveaffectedresults.Byexaminingawiderangeofpeople,thenewstudyincludedlanguagesneverestimatedinthiswayandreachedmoregeneralizableconclusion.“Ourresulthereisshowingthatthelanguagesomeonespeakswhichisanimportantpartofculture—alsoshapescognition,”Hiltonsays.32．WhydidLiu’scolleagueslaunchtheonlinegame?A．Toattractmorestudentstodotheresearch.B．Tolearnaboutdifferentpeople’smusicalabilities.C．Toconfirmtheroleofmusicinpeople’slanguagelearning.D．Tofindthedifferencebetweentonallanguagesandnontonalones.33．Whatwerenativespeakersoftonallanguagesbetteratthanthoseofnontonallanguages?A．Findingbeattracks. B．Suggestingemotion.C．Distinguishingwordmeanings. D．Figuringoutmatchingmelodies.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“finite”inparagraph4mean?A．Valued. B．Limited. C．Special. D．Potential.35．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLiu’sstudy?A．Ground-breaking. B．Brain-washing. C．Inefficient. D．Unreliable.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)LifelonglearningandtheFutureofWork:ChallengesandOpportunitiesOurworldisundergoingdramaticandtransformativechangetechnological,organizational,andclimaticpresentingnewchallengestothefutureofwork.Theseglobaltrendsarehavingasignificantimpactonskills.36.Thatisbecauseskillsacquiredtodaymayquicklybecomeobsolete(淘汰的).TheconceptoflifelonglearninghasbeenaroundfordecadesandtheILO(InternationalLabourOrganization)hasadoptednumerousnormativeinstrumentsandpoliciesrelatedtolifelonglearning.37.Intheolddays,wecouldsaylet’sgotoschool,getqualifiedforajob,enterthelabourmarketandthat’sthejoboflearningdone.Now,peopleneedtolearnhowtolearnbecauselearningisgoingtobeafeatureofthetransitionstheyaregoingtogothroughthroughouttheirlives.Lifelonglearningaffectsusall.38,fromearlychildhoodandbasiceducationtoadultlearningandupskillingtotakeadvantageofchange.Itisaglobalconceptapplyingtodevelopedanddevelopingeconomies.Anditrequirestheactiveengagementandsupportofgovernments,employersandworkers.39?There’snoonesizefitsallstrategy.Buttherearethingswecando.Developfoundationalandcoreworkskills.Improvevocationalguidanceandlabourmarketdata.Recognizebothformalandinformalskillslearning.Improvecoordinationandensureequitable(公平的)accesstolearning.Ultimately,lifelonglearningisthekeyforpeopletobeabletobenefitfromnewwaysofworking.40.A．DoIneedtobeactiveinlifelonglearningB．Manyoftoday’sskillswon’tmatchtomorrow’sjobsC．HowdoweadaptlifelonglearningtoournewrealityD．ItiscentraltomanagingthetransitionswefaceoverthelifecycleE．AnditwilllightthepathonourjourneytoabrighterfutureatworkF．ItiseasytosaythatpeopleneedtokeeplearningthroughouttheircareersG．Butthetransformativechangehappeningnowisreshapingitsdefinitionsandgivingitnewimportance第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thecallersaidshewasintroubleandthathecouldhelp.Mom41itandlostthousandsofdollars.Ittookusmonthstorecoverhermoneyandher42.OneAprilmorning,mymother’sphonerang.Themanthatgreetedhersounded43“Someonehas44toyourbankaccountsandcantakeallyourmoney.”Thewarmvoicewasexactlywhatshebadly45duringherisolationfromthecommunityduetoCOVID-19.Themansaidheneededinformationtoensurethemoneywassafeandshetriedtofollowhis46thoughherbraininjurymadeitratherhard.Heexplainedslowlywhattodoandhourslater,shesaidshehadtorelieveherself.“OK,butStayontheline47wewillloseourprogress.”Thenshe48thephoneontheshelfinthebathroom.Suddenlythephonebuzzedwithatext-itwasmyfather,checkingin.Shetypedbacktherewasaproblem,butshewas49it.Thenshe50outherworn,printed-outpacketofpasswordsfromapileofbooksandenteredthem.MyMomthoughtshehadlaboredforhoursprotectingherfamily.51,thescammer(詐騙犯)hadtakenawayherpersonalinformationandmoney.Afterlearningthetruth,mymothersoughtto52theconversationswiththescammerbutjustsaid,“Ican’tremember.Idon’tknowwhattodo.Thiswassostupid.”Itrieddifferentmeansand53gotthemoneyback.Wedidn’tblameherastheinternalshamemymomfeltcouldturnintosomethingmore54depressionandevensuicide.Theotherdaymydadmentioned,“Youknow,anotherscammercalledyourmama.Shedidtherightthing,though.Shehunguponhimandcalledme.”MymomwassmilingatmeandIknewshewas55.41．A．brokeoff B．tookin C．referredto D．fellfor42．A．guilt B．dignity C．a(chǎn)wareness D．memory43．A．a(chǎn)ngry B．concerned C．incredible D．doubtful44．A．a(chǎn)ccess B．relation C．a(chǎn)pproaches D．entrances45．A．denied B．requested C．missed D．ignored46．A．movements B．footsteps C．inquiries D．instructions47．A．so B．a(chǎn)nd C．while D．or48．A．passed B．parked C．posed D．paused49．A．following B．challenging C．fixing D．finishing50．A．dug B．figured C．worked D．left51．A．Hence B．Instead C．Moreover D．Afterwards52．A．recall B．remind C．memorize D．maintain53．A．initially B．particularly C．eventually D．obviously54．A．common B．reasonable C．tolerable D．damaging55．A．off B．down C．back D．a(chǎn)way第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DuringtheHangzhou2023AsianGames,athletesfromaroundtheworldhavebeenexploringacupuncture(針灸),56componentofTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM).ThispracticehasbeenanimportantpartofChinesehealthcaresystemforcenturies.TCM,whichincludesacupuncture,herbaltherapy,massage,TaiChi,andQigong57(remain)anessentialcomponentofChina’smedicalsystem,gainingincreasing58(recognize)onaglobalscale.NotonlyisitpopularamongtheChinesepopulation,butitisalsogaininginterestinWesternsocieties,59hasledtoincreasedinvestmentsinprofessionalTCMservices.WhileChinaplacessignificantemphasisontheintegrationofTCMwithmodernbiomedicine,itisalsobecomingmorepopularworldwide.Althoughsomemedicalprofessionalsare60(doubt)aboutthefarreachingeffectsofTCM,thepractice61(accept)asafundamentalaspectofglobalhealthcaretodate.TCMhasbeenrecognizedforthepotentialbenefits,particularlywhen62(use)alongsidewithmodernmedicine,whichhasresultedinitsincreasingintegrationintomodernhealthcaresystems.63itsancientChineseorigins,TCM’sprinciplesandpracticeshaveaglobalinfluencecurrently,withexperts64(offer)theirspecialskillsacrosstheworld.AsresearchintoTCMcontinuestoadvanceandmoreindividualsembraceitfor65theirhealthcareneeds,thefieldisdefinitetogrow.第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)66．假設(shè)你是李華，你的美國(guó)筆友David最近給你發(fā)郵件說(shuō)他喜歡上了一個(gè)機(jī)器人，他覺(jué)得這是不合倫理的，但是他控制不住自己，他很苦惱，不知道怎么辦，因此給你寫(xiě)郵件尋求幫助，請(qǐng)你給他一些建議，回郵主要內(nèi)容包括：1.理解和安慰。2.你的建議和理由。3.希望和祝福。注意事項(xiàng)：詞數(shù)在80左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)67．讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)HonestyWon’tLetYouDownAsadwasa13-year-oldboywhowasveryhonestandhardworking.Recently,hehadenteredanewschoolsohehadnofriendsyet.OnMondaymorning,hewasnearlylateforschool.Thenightbefore,hisfamilyattendedhiscousin’sweddingandreachedhomelate,whichwaswhyhecouldn’tgetupontimeasusual.Atschool,Asadcouldnotpayattentiontoanythingandwantedthebelltoringsothathecouldbuysomethingtoeat.Afterafewhours,whenthebellrang,Asadquicklyopenedhisschoolbagtofindhismoney,butjustthenherememberedthathehadleftforschoolinahurryinthemorningandforgottentotakethemoney.Helookedunderhisbooks,hopingtofindsomemoneybuttherewasnothing.Notknowingwhattodo,hewalkedoutoftheclassroomandsatonabenchinfrontofthediningroom.Hesawafewofhisclassmatesthere,amongwhomwasFahad.Hewasoneoftherichestkidsinhisclassbuthewasveryarrogant.ButasAsadwasnew,hedidn’tknowmuchaboutanyone.AsadthoughthemightborrowsomemoneyfromFahadandreturnittohimthenextday.SohegotupandslowlywenttowardsFahadandaskedifhecouldborrowsomemoney.Fahadsmirked(譏笑)andsaid,“Iknewyouwerealoser,butIdidn’tknowyouwerealsoabeggar?”FahadlaughedoutsoloudthattheotherkidsheardandalsomadefunofAsad.Itwastoohumiliating(丟臉的)forAsad.HecouldnotanswerFahadandslowlywalkedbacktowardsanemptybench.Hecouldstillhearthemlaughingathiminthedistance.Whenhereachedthebench,henoticedsomethinglyingnearit.Itwasawallet.HepickeditupandrecognizeditwasFahad’s,asherememberedFahadshowingittohisfriendsandsayingthathisuncleboughtitforhimfromtheUK.Therewasquitealotofmoneyinsideforakid.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragraph1:Atfirst,AsadwantedtokeepitasecretandpunishedFahad.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:ThenFahadsaid,“whyareyougivingitback?”

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高一期末監(jiān)測(cè)題英語(yǔ)參考答案及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.