2023年高考模擬英語沖刺卷1（解析版）（新高考II卷）

2023年高考英語考試沖刺卷01（新高考II卷）

第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽

完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.WhatwastheweatherlikewhenthemanwasinMelbourne?

A.Cloudy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.

【答案】C

【原文】W:Didyouhavegoodweatheronyourtrip?

M:Forgetit.TheskywasblueandcloudlesswhenIleftChicago.ButwhenIarrivedinMelbourne,astormwas

blowingup.Ididn'tseethesuninMelbournebecauseitrainedforthreedays.

2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Inabakery.C.Inarestaurant.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Mom,Ididn'thavebreakfast.IfeelIcaneatahorsenow.

W:Dear,thisshophasintroducedsomenewtypesofcakesrecently.Youcanchoosewhatyoulike.Thenwe'll

havelunchwithyourdadinanewrestaurant.

M:Great!

3.HowlongisthepetstoreopeneverySunday?

A.8hours.B.9hours.C.10hours.

【答案】A

【原文】W:Lina'sPetStore.WhatcanIdoforyou?

M:Whatareyourbusinesshours?

W:Weopenat10:00a.m.andcloseat7:00p.m.fromMondaystoSaturdays.Wecloseonehourearlieron

Sundays.

M:Okay.Thanks.

4.WhatdoesthewomanwantJasontodo?

A.Takethemeetingminutes.B.Translateadocument.C.Meetaclient.

【答案】A

【原文】W:Jason,couldyoutaketheminutesofthisafternoon'smeeting?Angelaisgoingtomeetanimportant

client.

M:Withpleasure.Tvejustfinishedtranslatingmydocument.Whendoesthemeetingstart?

5.Whenwilltheygobacktothecity?

A.InAugust.

B.InSeptember.

C.InOctober.

【答案】C

【原文】W:Augustwaswarm,butnowifsgettingcolder.Doyouthinkweshouldstaylongerinthemountains,or

gobacktothecity?

M:Lefsstayanothertwoweeks,untilOctober.Ifeelreallygoodinthepureair.

第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出

最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘

的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

6.Whatdidthemanenjoydoingduringhisbreak?

A.Readingnovels.B.WatchingTV.C.Playinggames.

7.Howlongdidittakethemantorecoverfromhisankleinjury?

A.Fiveweeks.B.Sixweeks.C.Sevenweeks.

【答案】6.A7.B

【原文】M:Ihurtmyanklewhilerunningsevenweeksago.ThedoctortoldmetostayathomeandrestuntilI

recovered.

W:Itmustbeboringtostayathome.

M:ThafswhatIthoughtatfirst,too.InsteadofwatchingTVandplayingcomputergames,Ifoundmyselfahobby

一readingnovels.

W:Well,itsoundslikeyouhadaprettygoodtime.Whenwillyoubeabletogorunningagain?

M:ActuallyIrecoveredaweekago,butIwanttofinishthenovelI'mreadingbeforeIstartrunningagain.

聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

8.What'shappenedtothewoman'sT-shirt?

A.Itbecomessmaller.B.Itbecomespink.C.Itbecomesdirty.

9.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?

A.Followtheinstructions.B.Dry-cleantheT-shirt.C.Throwawaythelabel.

10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Bossandemployee.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Husbandandwife.

【答案】8.B9.A10.C

【原文】W:Ohno!MyfavoriteWoolsweaterisdestroyed!

M:Oops,mybad.Ithoughtitcouldgointhewasheranddryer.

W:No!Youhavetoreadthelabel.Itsaysitcanonlybedry-cleaned.

M:I'msosorry,mymistake,rildothatnexttime.

W:Also,lookatthis.MywhiteT-shirtispink!Youhavetoseparatethewhitesandcolors.

M:Oh,you'reright!WhydoIalwaysforgetthat?

W:Honey,pleasefollowalltheinstructionsbeforeyoudothelaundry.

M:Allright.Iwillwashtheclothesproperlynexttime.Nomoremistakes.Startingnow.

W:You!Thisclothesstillsmellsbad,too!Didyouaddlaundrypowder?

M:Umm,don'tgetangry,butIthinkIforgot.

聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

11.Whafstherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Customerandshopassistant.

B.Boyfriendandgirlfriend.

C.Husbandandwife.

12.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.Hehatesshopping.

B.Heisoftenshortofmoney.

C.Heoftencomestothisstore.

13.Whichcolordressdoesthewomanlike?

A.Theredone.B.Thewhiteone.C.Theblueone.

【答案】ILC12.A13.B

【原文】M：Whatdoyouthinkofthisclothingstore?

W：Iloveit!Theonlyproblemisthatit'sextremelyexpensive.

M：Don'tworry.I'vedecidedthatforyourbirthday,I'mgoingtotakeyoushoppingforanewdresshere.

W：Really?Thelasttimewedidthatwasbeforeourwedding.Ithoughtyouhatedshopping.

M：Ido,andthat'swhyyoushouldappreciatethisgift!

W：Thafsreallyniceofyou!Lefsgoinandtrysomethingson.

M：Howaboutthisreddress?Ithinkitwouldreallysuityou.

W：Idon'tthinkthiscolorisquiterightforme.Dotheyhavethesamedressinwhiteinasize8?

M：Let'ssee...they'vegotoneinblue,pink,black...andwhite.Hereyouare.

W：Thisisperfect!

聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

14.Whatdoesthewomanwantfromtheman?

A.Hiscreditcardnumber.B.Hismoney.C.Hiscomputerpassword.

15.Whatdoesthewomanpromisetosendtheman?

A.Acheck.B.Heraddress.C.Acreditcard.

16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?

A.Sheisratherrude.

B.Sheisacarefulperson.

C.Sheisnottellinghimthetruth.

17.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelwhentalkingwiththewoman?

A.Excited.B.Angry.C.Amazed.

【答案】14.A15.A16.C17.B

【原文】W：Hello,isthatFrank?

M：Yes.

W：Frank,you'vewon$10,000!Togetyourprize,youneedtogivemeyourcreditcardnumberandyouraddress.

Wewillthensendyouthemoneyrightaway.

M：WhywouldIneedtogiveyoumycreditcardnumber?Thatdoesn'tmakesense.

W：Weneedthenumbersowecanputyouinourcomputersystem.Thenwe9reabletosendyouthecheck.

M：rmnotsureaboutthis.Tdratherjustgiveyoumyaddress.

W：I'msorry,sir,butwealsohavetohaveyourcreditcardnumberinordertosendyouthemoney.

M：Okay,thenI'mgoingtohangup.Haveaniceday.

W：Sir,wait!Thisisarealcontest.We'dliketosendyoutheprizemoney.

M：Fveheardaboutthiskindofcontestbefore.Thisisnottrue.

W:Sir,I'mnottryingtoberude.Tmjusttellingyouthetruth.

M：I'mhangingupnow.Goodbye.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。

18.Whathelpswomenfindmorescientificclues?

A.Theirsixthsense.B.Theirworldview.C.Theirresearchmethods.

19.Whocontributedtothedevelopmentoftheairconditionerincars?

A.KatieHafner.B.RosalindFranklin.C.MargaretWilcox.

20.Whatdoestheradioprogrammainlyfocuson?

A.Publicopinionsonscience.

B.Majorscientificbreakthroughs.

C.Untoldstoriesoffemalescientists.

【答案】18.A19.C20.C

【原文】

I'mKatieHainer,hostofanewweeklyradioprogramcalledLostWomenofSciencecomingnextNovember.

Throughhistorywomenhavemadehundredsofscientificbreakthroughs.Theyhaveasixthsensethatenablesthem

topickoutmoreimportantclues.Butmanyofthefemalescientistsaremissingfrompublicview.ThemoreIdo

thisresearch,themoreIrealizethatwomenareattheheartofsomeofthemostimportantdevelopmentsin

science.Forexample,RosalindFranklincontributedmuchtothediscoveryofthestructureofDNA.Andthework

ofMargaretWilcox,anAmericanengineer,wascrucialtothedevelopmentoftheairconditionerincars.Each

season,we'llexploreandcelebratethelifeandworkofonewomanwhoshapedourworldview.Andwellexplore

someofthereasonswhyyoumightnotknowhername.Wellbelookingatthebarriersthesewomenfaced,aswell

astheirpassionanddrive.Joinusaswehonortheseremarkablestoriesyoumaynotknow.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37?5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

SchoolPrograms

HillbrookSchoolMusicProgramisofferedallyearroundtostudentsofgrades1-5.Youcanchooseviolin

lessonsorpianolessens.Enjoyourbeautifulschoolwithgradesandplaygrounds.

TEL:650-968-5957

EmersonSchoolSportsProgramforstudentsofgrades1-3startsinJanuary!

WoodshopProgramstartsonJanuary15th.Studentsofgrades4-6arewelcome.

TEL:650-903-0986

MonarchSchoolGroupclassesinartareofferedeveryday.Niceandpatientteachersarewaitingforyou.

Monthlyshowsandweeklyclasseswithguestartists.

ArtProgramisonlyforbeginners.

TEL:650-720-1677

AlmadenSchoolEverychildcanbedifferentandspecial.Our-DevelopmentProgramhelpsstudentsofgrades

1-6improvethinkingskillsthroughmath,science,lifeskills,culturalactivitiesandfungames

TEL:650-403-3575

21.WhichschooloffersMusicPrograme?

A.HillbrookSchoolB.EmersonSchoolC.MonarchSchoolD.AlmadenSchool

22.Ifyouareinterestedingroupclassesinart,youcancall

A.650-968-5957B.650-903-0986C.650-403-3575D.650-720-1677

23.Whichprogramhelpsimprovethinkingskills?

A.SportsProgramB.ArtProgramC.DevelopmentProgramD.WoodshopProgram

【答案】21.A22.D23.C

【分析】這篇文章是一則廣告，主要介紹了不同學(xué)校的項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容以及聯(lián)系方式等情況。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一則廣告“HillbrookSchool"中的"MusicProgramisofferedallyearroundtostudents

ofgrades1-5.”（音樂課程全年提供給1-5年級(jí)的學(xué)生。）可知HillbrookSchool提供音樂課程。故選A。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三則廣告“MonarchSchool"中的"Groupclassesinartareofferedeveryday.”（每天都

有集體藝術(shù)課）以及“TEL:650-720-1677”（電話號(hào)碼為：650-720-1677）可知，如果對(duì)集體藝術(shù)課，可以

打650-720-1677這個(gè)電話。故選D。

23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一則廣告“AlmadenSchool"中的"Our-DevelopmentProgramhelpsstudentsof

grades1-6improvethinkingskillsthroughmath,science,lifeskills,culturalactivitiesandfungames”（我彳門的發(fā)

展項(xiàng)目幫助1-6年級(jí)的學(xué)生通過數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)、生活技能、文化活動(dòng)和有趣的游戲來提高思維能力）可知，

DevelopmentProgram幫助學(xué)生提高思維能力。故選C。

B

Myworkstartedin2003atmylocalanimalshelter'sAdoptionDepartment.Itseemslikesuchalongtimeago.

Inthe13yearsthathavepassed,morethan50,000animalshavepassedthedoorsoftheshelter.Mostofthem,Ido

notremember.Butoccasionallythereareanimalswhostandout.Tabbywasonesuchanimal.

Tabbywasoneofthemanyhomelessdogs.Whafsmore,shewasblindanddeaf.Tabby'schancesatadoption

seemedremoteatbest.ButonedayawomannamedLorettacametotheshelter.Herson,Gary,whosufferedfrom

epilepsy（癲癇）hadseenTabby'spictureontheshelter'swebsite.Theywereinterestedinmeetingher!Mostboys

wouldwantapuppy,adogwhocouldgrowwithhimandrunthroughgrassyfieldsonsummerdays.Tabbywould

neverbeabletodothat.Butastheysay,"loveisblind.^^Aftermeetingher,theydecidedtoadoptTabby!

IfTabby5sstoryhadsimplyendedwithhersuccessfuladoption,itwouldstillhavebeensomethingvery

specialindeedbutitwaswhathappenedafterheradoptionthatsomemightlabelas“magical”.AsGaryandTabby

dideverythingtogether,theybecameso“intun“withoneanotherthatTabbybegantotelegraphGary'sseizures（疾

病發(fā)作）befdretheyoccurred,givinghisfamilyawarningthatonewasabouttostrike.Whafsmore,Garyseemed

tobehavingfewerandfewerseizuressinceTabby?sarrival.

Howcoulditbe?Therearesomethingsthathappeninthisworldthatchallengealllogicandunderstanding.

Sometimesthebestthatwecandoistoacceptamiracle,whichwedidn'tattempttoexplain.Becausewhenyoutry

toexplainit,youlosethebeautyandwonderofitall.

24.Whatisthepurposeoflistingthedatainthefirstparagraph?

A.Tostressthenecessityofprotectinganimals.

B.Toshowtheauthor'sdevotiontoadoptinganimals.

C.ToillustrateTabby'suniqueness.

D.Toprovethedifficultyoftheworkintheanimalshelter.

25.WhatcanwelearnaboutTabbyfromthetext?

A.Shewassolovelythatshecouldbeeasilyadopted.

B.Shesufferedalotfromthedisease-epilepsy.

C.Shewassostrongthatshecouldrunveryfast.

D.Shewashomelessandcouldn'tseeorhear.

26.Whydidtheauthorthinkmagichappened?

A.BecauseGaryandTabbydideverythingtogether.

B.BecauseGarywascuredinthecompanyofTabby.

C.BecauseTabbycouldindicateaseizurebeforeitstruck.

D.BecauseTabbylearnedtoreadmessagesbytelegraph.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.LoveisBlind:AnAmazingDogB.GiveMeFood:MyDearMaster

C.LoveisEverywhere:PoorTabbyD.TakeMeHome:MyDearBoy

【答案】24.C25.D26.C27.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一條又盲又聾的流浪狗被一個(gè)善良小男孩收養(yǎng)，小男孩的癲癇病也得

到了奇跡般的控制的故事。

24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Myworkstartedin2003atmylocalanimalshelter'sAdoptionDepartment.It

seemslikesuchalongtimeago.Inthe13yearsthathavepassed,morethan50,000animalshavepassedthedoors

oftheshelter.Mostofthem,Idonotremember.Butoccasionallythereareanimalswhostandout.Tabbywasone

suchanimal.（我的工作始于2003年，在當(dāng)?shù)貏?dòng)物收容所的收養(yǎng)部門。這似乎是很久以前的事了。在過去的

13年中，超過50000只動(dòng)物通過了庇護(hù)所的大門。其中大部分，我不記得了。但偶爾也會(huì)有動(dòng)物脫穎而出。

Tabby就是這樣一種動(dòng)物。戶可知，作者在收容所遇到過很多動(dòng)物，但是Tabby給他/她留下了深刻印象，說

明Tabby很特別。由此推知，例舉數(shù)字是為了說明Tabby的特別。故選C項(xiàng)。

25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的"Tabbywasoneofthemanyhomelessdogs.Whafsmore,shewasblindand

deaf（Tabby是許多無家可歸的狗之一。而且，她又瞎又聾）"可知，Tabby是一只無家可歸的狗，并且看不見、

聽不到。故選D項(xiàng)。

26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“…itwaswhathappenedafterheradoptionthatsomemightlabelas'magical，（…這

是她被收養(yǎng)后發(fā)生的事情，有些人可能會(huì)將其稱為“奇跡和"TabbybegantotelegraphGary'sseizuresbefore

theyoccurred,givinghisfamilyawarningthatonewasabouttostrike.Whafsmore,Garyseemedtobehaving

fewerandfewerseizuressinceTabby?sarrival.（Tabby在Gary的癲癇發(fā)作之前就開始給他發(fā)警告，給他的家人

一個(gè)警告，說有人要發(fā)作了。更重要的是，自從Tabby到來后，加里的癲癇發(fā)作似乎越來越少了。廠可知，

Tabby能預(yù)知癲癇的發(fā)作，Gary的癲癇病也得到了一定的控制，對(duì)此作者認(rèn)為很神奇。故選C項(xiàng)。

27.主旨大意題。文章講述了作者工作的動(dòng)物收容所里有一條又盲又瞎的流浪狗，最終得到了一個(gè)善良小

男孩的收養(yǎng)。開啟了一人一狗的生活后，小男孩的癲癇病也得到了神奇的控制。結(jié)合第二段的“Loveisblind

（愛是盲目的）”和最后一段的“Sometimes,thebestthatwecandoistoacceptamiraculousthing,whichwedidn't

attempttoexplain.（有時(shí)候，我們能做的最好的事情就是接受一件我們沒有試圖解釋的奇跡）”可知，正因?yàn)閻?/p>

是盲目的,Tabby才能被接納和收養(yǎng)，同時(shí)它也積極地改善了小男孩的身體情況,這是神奇的一件事情,Tabby

也是一條神奇的狗。故A項(xiàng)“愛是盲目的：一條神奇的狗”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。

C

Fooddesertsaregenerallyclassifiedasgeographicregionswherepeoplehavefeworlimitedoptionsto

purchasenutritiousandaffordablefoodslikevegetablesandfruits.Fooddesertsaffectlow-incomeareasfarfrom

supermarkets.Over23millionAmericansliveinlow-incomeareaslocatedmorethanonemilefromafoodstore.

Over11millionpeoplelivingintheseregionsarethemselveslow-income.Whilepeopleinfooddesertsmayhave

easieraccesstoconveniencestoresandfastfood,theyexperiencemorechallengesinshoppingatlargegrocery

storesthatofferamorecomprehensive（全面的）selectionofhealthyfoodsatlowerprices.

Thisinequalityinfoodaccessmeansthatfamilies,children,andcommunitieslivinginfooddesertsmaybeat

increasedriskofobesityandotherdiet-relatedhealthissues,includingdiabetesandcardiovasculardisease.

Whiletheexistingliteratureonthelackofaccessible,affordablefoodshasnotreachedaconsensusontheroot

causesoffooddeserts,severalfactorsareregularlyrecognized.Urbanareaslackingaccesstofreshfoodsare

generallydividedbyracialandeconomiclines.Dietsrichinmorenutritiousfoodscostaround$1.50moreperday.

Forindividualsandfamilieslivingpaychecktopaycheck,thiscostdifferencecansignificantlyimpacttheirfood

choices.Forpeoplelivinginthecountryside,theymusttravelmanymilestotheneareststore;alackofaccesstoa

vehicleandlimitedornonexistentpublictransportationcontributetofoodaccessibilitychallenges.

Lackofbusinessinvestmentalsoplaysabigpart.Whenlargefoodstoresconsiderpossiblelocations,

low-incomeareascanappeartobe"toorisky“ofaninvestment.Moreeconomicallydepressed（蕭條的）areascan

increaseabusiness'sinsuranceandsecuritycosts.Evenpublicutility（設(shè)施）challenges,likepoorlymaintained

roads,canpreventbigcompaniesfromsettingupshopsinneighborhoodsthatmostneedtheirgoodsandservices,

accordingtoHarvardBusinessReview.Thesemarketconditionshaveagreateffectonfoodaccessibilityfor

high-povertyregions.

28.Whatdoweknowaboutafooddesert?

A.Agricultureisimpossiblethere.

B.Peopletherearetoopoortofeedthefamily.

C.Manyfastfoodrestaurantsarelocatedthere.

D.Peopletherehavelimitedaccesstohealthyfoods.

29.Whatisakeyreasonforfooddeserts?

A.Poorhealthcare.B.Alowincome.

C.Businessfailure.D.Dangerousenvironment.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consensus“inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Abalanceddiet.B.Ageneralagreement.

C.Acontributingfactor.D.Aninspiringachievement.

31.Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?

A.Thecausesoffooddeserts.

B.Waystomakefoodchoices.

C.Theproblemswithtransportation.

D.Principlesofbusinessinvestment.

【答案】28.D29.B30.B31.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章中闡釋了“食物荒漠”這一概念，并介紹了食物荒漠所造成的影響以及形成

的原因。

28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章開頭第一句"Fooddesertsaregenerallyclassifiedasgeographicregionswherepeople

havefeworlimitedoptionstopurchasenutritiousandaffordablefoodslikevegetablesandfruits.（食物沙漠通常被

歸類為人們購買蔬菜和水果等營養(yǎng)豐富且價(jià)格合理的食物的選擇很少或有限的地理區(qū)域）”可知，食物荒漠通

常是指那些人們很少有機(jī)會(huì)或者只有有限的機(jī)會(huì)可以買到蔬菜水果這樣營養(yǎng)又實(shí)惠的食物的地區(qū)。因此，

處在食物荒漠地區(qū)的人們獲取健康食物的途徑有限，故選D項(xiàng)。

29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Fooddesertsaffectlow-incomeareasfarfromsupermarkets.Over23million

Americansliveinlow-incomeareaslocatedmorethanonemilefromafoodstore.Over11millionpeoplelivingin

theseregionsarethemselveslow-income.（“食物荒漠''影響著遠(yuǎn)離超市的低收入地區(qū)。超過2300萬美國人生活

在距離食品店一英里多的低收入?yún)^(qū)。生活在這些地區(qū)的1100多萬人本身就是低收入者。）”可推理出，“食物

荒漠”出現(xiàn)的主要原因是低收入，故選B項(xiàng)。

30.詞義猜測(cè)題。畫線詞所在的從句與主句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且根據(jù)主句“severalfactorsareregularly

recognized（有幾個(gè)因素是人們公認(rèn)的）”可推知，畫線詞所在的從句表示“盡管現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)對(duì)造成這個(gè)問題的根

本原因尚未達(dá)成共識(shí)“，ageneralagreement與畫線詞意思最相近。故選B項(xiàng)。

31.主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段首句"Whiletheexistingliteratureonthelackofaccessible,affordablefoodshas

notreachedaconsensusontherootcausesoffooddeserts,severalfactorsareregularlyrecognized.（雖然關(guān)于缺

乏可獲得、負(fù)擔(dān)得起的食物的現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)尚未就食物沙漠的根本原因達(dá)成共識(shí)，但有幾個(gè)因素經(jīng)常被認(rèn)識(shí)到）”

以及倒數(shù)第一段首句"Lackofbusinessinvestmentalsoplaysabigpart.（缺乏商業(yè)投資也是-*個(gè)重要因素）”可

知最后兩段主要講的是“食物荒漠”的形成原因，故選A項(xiàng)。

D

AsheetoftransparentnewmaterialataUniversityofMarylandlablookslikeitmightbeplastic.Butifs

actuallywood-anditcouldeventuallybeusedtomakeenergy-efficientwindowsorevensee-throughbuildings.

''Comparedtoglass,woodhaslowerheatconductivity,andit'slighter,stronger,andmoreenvironmentally

friendly,saysLiangbingHu,amaterialsscienceprofessorattheUniversityofMaryland.

Theideaistoemploythematerialinbuildings.Withawindowmadefromtransparentwoodinsteadofglass,

forexample,abuildingwouldtakelessenergytoheatandcool.Becauseofthestructureofthewood,thewindows

couldalsoreduceglarefromthesunwhileallowinginnaturallight.

Researchershaveexperimentedwithtransparentwoodinthepast,butthenewmethodismoresustainable.

OthermethodsusuallyputthewoodinachemicalcompoundNacltoremovelignin,partofthewoodthatgivesit

structure.Butthiscanweakenthewood,andproducesunrecyclablewaste.Huandhisteammadeslightchanges.

Theyremovedonlythepartsoftheligninthatgiveitcolorbybrushinghydrogenperoxide（過氧化物）overthe

woodandleavingitunderaUVlight.

It'sjustoneofthewaysscientistsandengineersarerethinkinghowwecanusethisrenewableresourcein

construction.Skyscrapersmadeentirelyoutofwoodaregainingpopularityincitiesaroundtheworld.And

scientistsrecentlydiscoveredatechniquetogrowwoodinalab,openingupthepossibilityofusingwoodwithout

cuttingdownaforest.

Thetransparentwoodis50%strongerthanprevioustransparentwoodandcouldevenbeusedtobuild

load-bearingwallsinabuilding.Itcouldalsopotentiallybeusedinotherways,suchaslayersusedinsolarcells.A

newcompanycalledInventWoodisworkingtocommercializethetechnology.

32.Whywouldpeopleliketochoosetransparentwoodintheirbuildingsinpreferencetoglass?

A.Itcanconductheatmorequickly.B.Itcanletlightinwithlessheat.

C.Itislighterandmoredelicate.D.Ithashigherenergyconsumption.

33.Whatmakesthenewmethoddifferentfromthepreviousexperiment?

A.ResearchersbrushedNacloverthewood.

B.Thenewmethodcanmakethewoodweaker.

C.Thenewmethodislessenvironmentallyfriendly.

D.Researchersonlytookawaytheligninrelatedtocolor.

34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaytheauthoragreewith?

A.Thissee-throughwoodisinmassproduction.

B.Thissee-throughwoodmayreplaceglasswindows.

C.Thistransparentwoodhasbeengrowninlabs.

D.Thistransparentwoodisonlypopularincities.

35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?

A.Theadvantagesoftransparentwood.B.Theproductionoftransparentwood.

C.Theoutlookoftransparentwood.D.Thecompaniesoftransparentwood.

【答案】32.B33.D34.B35.C

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了透明木頭這一新型的建筑材料的制作原理及諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并可能在其

他方面的潛在用途。

32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“woodhaslowerheatconductivity,andifslighter,stronger,andmore

environmentallyfriendly（木頭具有更低的熱傳導(dǎo)性，并且它更輕、更結(jié)實(shí)也更環(huán)保）"和第三段"thewindows

couldalsoreduceglarefromthesunwhileallowinginnaturallight（窗戶也能減少陽光照射的強(qiáng)度，并同時(shí)讓自

然光照射進(jìn)屋子）”可知，它可以用較少的熱量讓光線進(jìn)入。故選B。

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“theyremovedonlythepartsoftheligninthatgiveitcolor（他們只移除了部分

的讓木頭有顏色的木質(zhì)素）”可知，跟之前的實(shí)驗(yàn)不一樣的地方在于，這些研究者只移除了賦予木頭顏色的木

質(zhì)素。故選D。

34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章首段"Butifsactuallywood——anditcouldeventuallybeusedtomakeenergy-efficient

windowsorevensee-throughbuildings（但事實(shí)上，它是木頭，并且它可以被用于制作節(jié)能型的窗戶或者透視

大樓）”可知，作者認(rèn)為透明木頭有可能取代現(xiàn)在的玻璃窗戶。故選B。

35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章尾段“Itcouldalsopotentiallybeusedinotherways,suchaslayersusedinsolarcells.

（它也可以有其他多種用途，比如用于太陽能電池的涂層）”可知，文章最后一段主要講述了透明木頭潛在的

用途。故選Co

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12?5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

You'veprobablyheardthisdentaladvicebefore:brushyourteethtwiceaday.36Here'swhatexperts

havetosay.

AccordingtoDr.MarkBurhenne,adentistbasedinSunnyvale,California,thekeytoteethprotectionis

managingyourbiofilm（生物膜）一anoutercoatingonyourteethcontainingbacteria.Inthatbiofilmarebacteria

thatpullcertainmineralsfromsaliva（唾液）.37

Whenweeatthings,especiallysugaryoracidfoods,theywillsticktoourteeth.38Thethickerand

furrybiofilmcannolongerremineralizeourteethproperly.Themovementofthetoothbrushiswhatbreaksupthe

thickenedbiofilmsothatitreformsintoitsnaturalthinandslipperystatetoprotectteeth.

39AccordingtoAliciaMurria,adentistbasedinWashington,yourtoothpasteisgoingtohelpyouto

feelfresher.Ifsalsogoingtohelptokillsomeofthebacteriainsideyourmouth.Butthemostimportantstepin

keepingyourteethcleanisgoodbrushingtechnique.Bybrushingeachtoothandslightlysweepingthegumline

withyourbrushata45-degreeangle,you'llbeabletoremoveplaques（牙斑）.Ifyourbrushingtechniqueisgood,

evenatoothbrushwithwatercanbeenough.

Murriasuggestsbrushingyourteethfirstthinginthemorning,beforeeatingbreakfast.Ifyoudohappentoeat

first,makesureyouwaitatleast30minutesbeforebrushing.Theacidfromthemealsoftenstheenamel（牙釉

質(zhì)）.40

A.Butwhoseadviceshouldwefollow?

B.Thebiofilmlayerwillgetthickerandthicker.

C.Butwhyandhowarewesupposedtodoit?

D.Choosetherighttoothpastethatsuitsyoubest.

E.Funnyenough,toothpasteactuallydoeslessworkthanyouthink.

F.Thesemineralsarepulledintotheteethtopreventthemfromgoingbad.

G.Soifyoubrushtoosoonyoucoulddamagethattypicallyhard,shinyprotectivelayer.

【答案】36.C37.F38.B39.E40.G

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文簡要介紹了專家提出的牙齒保護(hù)方面的建議。

36.根據(jù)上文“Yoifveprobablyheardthisdentaladvicebefore:brushyourteethtwiceaday（你可能以前聽過這個(gè)

牙科建議：每天刷牙兩次）”以及下文“Here'swhatexpertshavetosay.（以下是專家們要說的）”可知，空白處應(yīng)

對(duì)前后句進(jìn)行銜接，對(duì)上文提出疑問，即為什么要刷牙，下文用專家的話來回答這個(gè)問題，與C項(xiàng)“Butwhy

andhowarewesupposedtodoit?（但我們?yōu)槭裁匆@樣做，又該怎么做呢？）”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選C項(xiàng)。

37.根據(jù)上文“thekeytoteethprotectionismanagingyourbiofilm（生物膜）一anoutercoatingonyourteeth

containingbacteria.Inthatbiofilmarebacteriathatpullcertainmineralsfromsaliva（牙齒保護(hù)的關(guān)鍵是管理你的

生物膜——牙齒上含有細(xì)菌的外層涂層。生物膜中的細(xì)菌從唾液中提取某些礦物質(zhì)）”，可推理出，下一句講

的是這些礦物質(zhì)對(duì)牙齒的保護(hù)作用，與F項(xiàng)“Thesemineralsarepulledintotheteethtopreventthemfromgoing

bad.（這些礦物質(zhì)被吸入牙齒以防止它們變質(zhì)）”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選F項(xiàng)。

38.根據(jù)上文“Whenweeatthings,especiallysugaryoracidfoods,theywillsticktoourteeth（當(dāng)我們吃東西時(shí)，

尤其是含糖或酸性食物，它們會(huì)粘在我們的牙齒上）”以及下文"Thethickerandfurrybiofilmcannolonger

remineralizeourteethproperly.（厚厚的毛茸茸的生物膜再也不能使我們的牙齒正常再礦化了）”可推理出，空處

承上啟下，講述我們牙齒逐漸被破壞的這一過程，即先是東西粘在牙齒上，接著生物膜層逐漸變厚，最后

厚厚的毛茸茸的生物膜再也不能使我們的牙齒正常再礦化了，與B項(xiàng)“Thebiofilmlayerwillgetthickerand

thicker（生物膜層會(huì)越來越厚）”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選B項(xiàng)。

39.根據(jù)下文“AccordingtoAliciaMurria,adentistbasedinWashington,yourtoothpasteisgoingtohelpyouto

fee