中考難點語法講解：過去進(jìn)行時和過去完成時的被動語態(tài)

中考難點語法講解:「過去進(jìn)行時」和「過去完成時」被動語態(tài)1過去進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)1.過去進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：(1)was/werebeingdone（肯定句）(2)was/werenotbeingdone。（否定句）(3)was/were+主語+beingdone（一般疑問句）(4)疑問詞+was/were+主語+beingdone（特殊疑問句）2.過去進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)的用法表示過去某一特定時間某事正在被做。Thecollegewasbeingbuiltatthistimelastyear.去年這個時候這所大學(xué)正在建設(shè)中。Theroomwasbeingcleanedbyhimatnineyesterdaymorning.昨天早上九點他正在打掃房間。AnotherbridgewasbeingbuiltovertheChangjiangRiverthen.那時長江上正在建造另一座大橋。2過去完成時的被動語態(tài)1.過去完成時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：(1)hadbeendone（肯定句）(2)hadnotbeendone（否定句）(3)had+主語+beendone（一般疑問句）(4)疑問詞+had+主語+beendone（特殊疑問句）2.過去完成時的被動語態(tài)的用法(1)表示過去某一時間之前或某個動作之前已經(jīng)被完成的動作。Theclassroomhadbeencleanedbeforetheteachercame.老師來之前教室已經(jīng)打掃過了。20,000electriccarshadbeenproducedbytheendoflastyear.到去年年底，已經(jīng)生產(chǎn)了2萬輛電動汽車。(2)用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動詞后的賓語從句中，表示從句的動作已經(jīng)被完成。JamessaidthathehadneverbeenshownaroundParis.詹姆斯說從未有人帶他參觀過巴黎。Thepolicemantoldmethattheinjuredmanhadbeensenttohospital.警察告訴我受傷的人已經(jīng)被送往醫(yī)院了。(3)固定句型：It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second/third/lasttimethat+過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。ItwasthesecondtimethatSheltonhadbeenpunishedsoseriously.這是謝爾頓第二次受到如此嚴(yán)厲的懲罰。Itwasthefirsttimethatwehadbeenintroducedattheconference.這是我們第一次在會上被介紹給大家。(4)在虛擬語氣中，如果條件句表示與過去事實相反，且主語與謂語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，則條件句用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。IfIhadbeeninvitedearlier,Iwouldhavegonethere.如果我早點被邀請，我就去那里了。Farmoreprogresswouldhavebeenmadeiftheimportanceoftheworkhadbeenrecognizedbefore．如果早點認(rèn)識到這項工作的重要性，取得進(jìn)展就會更快些。將下列句子改寫為被動語態(tài)。1.Alicehadfinishedthereportwhentheycame.2.ThestudentswereadjustingtheinstrumentwhenIcamehere.3.Thescientisthaspublishedtheresultsoftheexperimentsrecently.4.Theytoldmethattheywouldannouncetheresultthenextweek.5.Wehadmadegoodprogressinourironandsteelindustry.參考答案1.ThereporthadbeenfinishedbyAlicewhentheycame.2.TheinstrumentwasbeingadjustedbythestudentswhenIcamehere.3.Theresultsoftheexperimentshavebeenpublishedbythescientistrecently.4.Iwastoldthat