2023年12月英語六級真題及答案解析3套

2023年12月大學(xué)英語六級考試真題（第1套）PartIWriting (30minutes)（請于正式開考后半小時內(nèi)完畢該部分，之后將進(jìn)行聽力考試）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonhappinessbyreferringtothesaying“Happinessisnottheabsenceofproblems,buttheabilitytodealwiththem.”Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainhowyoucandevelopyourabilitytodealwithproblemsandbehappy.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartII ListeningComprehension (30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。1.A)Therockbandneedsmorehoursofpractice.B)Therockbandisgoingtoplayhereforamonth.C)Theirhardworkhasresultedinabigsuccess.D)Heappreciatesthewoman’shelpwiththeband.2.A)GoonadivingtourinEurope. B)Add300dollarstohisbudget.C)Traveloverseasonhisown.D)JoinapackagetourtoMexico.3.A)Incasesomeproblemshouldoccur. B)Somethingunexpectedhashappened. C)Toavoidmoreworklateron.D)Tomakebetterpreparations.4.A)Thewomanaskedforafreepasstotryoutthefacilities.B)Themanisgoingtorenewhismembershipinafitnesscenter.C)Thewomancangivethemanadiscountifhejoinstheclubnow.D)Themancantryoutthefacilitiesbeforehebecomesamember.5.A)Heisnotafraidofchallenge.B)Heisnotfittostudyscience.C)Heisworriedaboutthetest.D)Heisgoingtodropthephysicscourse6.A)Payforpartofthepicnicfood. B)InviteGary’sfamilytodinner. C)BuysomethingspecialforGary.D)Takesomefoodtothepicnic.7.A)Busdrivers’workingconditions. B)Alabordisputeatabuscompany. C)Publictransportation.D)Acorporatetakeover.8.A)Thebankstatement. B)Theirsalesoverseas. C)Thepaymentforanorder.D)Thecheckjustdeposited.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)Ahotelreceptionist. C)Ashopassistant.B)Aprivatesecretary. D)Asalesmanager.10.A)Voice. C)Appearance.B)Intelligence. D)Manners.11.A)Arrangeonemoreinterview. C)Reportthemattertotheirboss.B)OfferthejobtoDavidWallace. D)HireBarbaraJonesonatrialbasis.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Heinventedtherefrigerator. C)HegotadegreeinMathematics.B)Hepatentedhisfirstinvention. D)Hewasadmittedtouniversity.13.A)Hedistinguishedhimselfinlowtemperaturephysics.B)HefellinlovewithNatashaWilloughby.C)HebecameaprofessorofMathematics.D)Hestartedtoworkonrefrigeration.14.A)Findingthetruenatureofsubatomicparticles.B)Theirworkonveryhighfrequencyradiowaves.C)Layingthefoundationsofmodemmathematics.D)Theirdiscoveryofthelawsofcauseandeffect.15.A)Toteachatauniversity. C)Tospendhisremainingyears.B)Topatenthisinventions. D)Tohaveathree-weekholiday.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillhespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Theyhavefallenpreytowolves.B)Theyhavebecomeatouristattraction.C)Theyhavecausedlotsofdamagetocrops.D)Theyhavebecomeaheadachetothecommunity.17.A)Tocelebratetheirvictory. B)Tocheerupthehunters. C)Toscarethewolves.D)Toalertthedeer.18.A)Theywouldhelptospreadafataldisease.B)Theywouldposeathreattothechildren.C)Theywouldendangerdomesticanimals.D)Theywouldeventuallykilloffthedeer.PassageTwoQuestions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Sheisaninterpreter. B)Sheisatouristguide. C)Sheisadomesticservant.D)Sheisfromtheroyalfamily.20.A)Itwasusedbythefamilytoholddinnerparties.B)Itissituatedatthefootofabeautifulmountain.C)Itwasfrequentlyvisitedbyheadsofstate.D)Itisfurnishedlikeoneinaroyalpalace.21.A)Itiselaboratelydecorated.B)Ithassurvivedsome2,000years.C)Itisverybig,withonlysixslimlegs.D)ItisshapedlikeanancientSpanishboat.22.A)Theyareuncomfortabletositinforlong.B)Theydonotmatchtheovaltableatall.C)Theyhavelostsomeoftheirlegs.D)Theyareinterestingtolookat.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A)Itinanuncommoninfectiousdisease.B)Itdestroysthepatient’sabilitytothink.C)Itisadiseaseverydifficulttodiagnose.D)Itisthebiggestcripplerofyoungadults.24.A)Searchforthebestcure. C)Writeabookaboutherlife.B)Hurryupandlivelife. D)Exercisemoreandworkharder.25.A)Aggressive. C)Sophisticated.B)Adventurous. D)Self-centered.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadfortthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。It’sdifficulttoestimatethenumberofyoungstersinvolvedinhomeschooling,wherechildrenarenotsenttoschoolandreceivetheirformaleducationfromoneorbothparents.(26)_______andcourtdecisionshavemadeitlegallypossibleinmoststatesforparentstoeducatetheirchildrenathome,andeachyearmorepeopletakeadvantageofthatopportunity.Somestatesrequireparentsorahometutortomeetteachercertificationstandards,andmanyrequireparentstocompletelegalformstoverifythattheirchildrenarereceiving(27)_______instate-approvedcurricula.Supportsofhomeeducationclaimthatit’slessexpensiveandfarmore(28)_______thanmasspubliceducation.Moreover,theyciteseveraladvantages:alleviationofschoolovercrowding,strengthenedfamilyrelationships,lower(29)_______rates,thefactthatstudentsareallowedtolearnattheirownrate,increased(30)_______,higherstandardizedtestscores,andreduced(31)_______problems.Criticsofthehomeschoolingmovement(32)_______thatitcreatesasmanyproblemsasitsolves.Theyacknowledgethat,inafewcases,homeschoolingofferseducationalopportunitiessuperiortothosefoundinmostpublicschools,butfewparentscanprovidesucheducationaladvantages.Someparentswhowithdrawtheirchildrenfromtheschools(33)_______homeschoolinghaveaninadequateeducationalbackgroundandinsufficientformaltrainingtoprovideasatisfactoryeducationfortheirchildren.Typically,parentshavefewertechnologicalresources(34)_______thandoschools.However,therelativelyinexpensivecomputertechnologythatisreadilyavailabletodayiscausingsometochallengethenotionthathomeschoolingisinanyway(35)_______morehighlystructuredclassroomeducation.PartIII ReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Someperformanceevaluationsrequiresupervisorstotakeaction.Employeeswhoreceiveaveryfavorableevaluationmaydeservesometypeofrecognitionorevenapromotion.Ifsupervisorsdonotacknowledgesuchoutstandingperformance,employeesmayeitherlosetheir36andreducetheireffortorsearchforanewjobatafirmthatwill37themforhighperformance.Supervisorsshouldacknowledgehighperformancesothattheemployeewillcontinuetoperformwellinthefuture.Employeeswhoreceiveunfavorableevaluationsmustalsobegivenattention.Supervisorsmust38thereasonsforpoorperformance.Somereasons,suchasafamilyillness,mayhaveatemporaryadverse39onperformanceandcanbecorrected.Otherreasons,suchasabadattitude,maynotbetemporary.Whensupervisorsgiveemployeesanunfavorableevaluation,theymustdecidewhethertotakeany40actions.Iftheemployeeswereunawareoftheirowndeficiencies,theunfavorableevaluationcanpinpoint(指出)thedeficienciesthatemployeesmustcorrect.Inthiscase,thesupervisormaysimplyneedtomonitortheemployees41andensurethatthedeficienciesarecorrected.Iftheemployeeswerealreadyawareoftheirdeficienciesbeforetheevaluationperiod,however,theymaybeunableorunwillingtocorrectthem.Thissituationismoreserious,andthesupervisormayneedtotakeaction.Theactionshouldbe42withthefirm’sguidelinesandmayincludereassigningtheemployeestonewjobs,43themtemporarily,orfiringthem.Asupervisor’sactiontowardapoorlyperformingworkercan44theattitudesofotheremployees.Ifno45isimposedonanemployeeforpoorperformance,otheremployeesmayreactbyreducingtheirproductivityaswell.注意：此部分題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。A)additionalB)affectC)aptlyD)assimilateH)circulationF)closelyG)consistentH)enthusiasmI)identifyJ)impactK)penaltyL)rewardM)simplifyingN)suspendingO)vulnerableSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheCollegeEssay:WhyThose500WordsDriveUsCrazyA)Megisalawyer-mominsuburbanWashington,D.C.,wherelawyer-momsarethickontheground.HersonDougisoneofseveralhundredthousandhigh-schoolseniorswhohadapainfulfall.ThedeadlineforapplyingtohisfavoritecollegewasNov.1,andbyearlyOctoberhehadyettofillouttheapplication.Moretothepoint,hehadyettosettleonasubjectforthepersonalessayaccompanyingtheapplication.Accordingtocollegefolklore,awell-turnedessayhasthepowertoseduce(誘惑)anadmissionscommittee.“Hewantedtodoonethingatatime,”Megsays,explainingherson’sdelay.“Butreally,mysonisahugeprocrastinator(遲延者).Theessayisthehardestthingtodo,sohe’sputitoffthelongest.”FriendsandotherveteransoftheprocesshavewarnedMegthatthebackandforthbetweeneditingparentandwritingstudentcanbetraumatic(痛苦旳).B)Backinthegoodolddays—say,twoyearsago,whenthelastofmychildrensufferedtheordeal(折磨)—ahigh-schoolstudentapplyingtocollegecouldprocrastinateallthewaytoNewYear’sDayoftheirsenioryear,assumingtheycouldwithstandtheparentalpestering(煩擾).Butthingschangefastinthenail-bitingworldofcollegeadmissions.TherecenttrendtowardearlydecisionandearlyactionamongselectivecollegesanduniversitieshaspushedthetraditionaldeadlineofJanuaryuptoNov.1orearlyDecemberformanystudents.C)Ifthetimeforheel-dragginghasbeenshortened,thetruesourceoftheanxietyandpanicremainswhatithasalwaysbeen.Andit’snottheapplicationitself.Acollegeapplicationisarelativelystraightforwardquestionnaireaskingforthebasics:name,address,familyhistoryemploymenthistory.Itwouldallbeinnocentenough—20minutesofbusywork—exceptitcomesattachedtoapersonalessay.D)“Therearegoodreasonsitcausessuchanxiety,”saysLisaSohmer,directorofcollegecounselingattheGardenSchoolinJacksonHeights,N.Y.“It’snotjusttheactualwriting.Bynoweverythingelseisalreadyset.Yourcourseloadisset,yourgradesareset,yourtestscoresareset.Buttheessayissomethingyoucanstillcontrol,andit’sopen-ended.Sothetemptationistowriteandrewriteandrewrite.”O(jiān)rstallandstallandstall.E)Theapplicationessay,alongwithitsmythicalimportance,isarecentinvention.Inthe1930s,whenonlyonein10Americanshadadegreefromafour-yearcollege,anadmissionscommitteewascontenttoaskforasampleofapplicants’schoolpaperstoassesstheirwritingability.Bythe1950s,mostschoolsrequiredabriefpersonalstatementofwhythestudenthadchosentoapplytooneschooloveranother.F)Todaynearly70percentofgraduatingseniorsgoofftocollege,includingtwo-yearandfour-yearinstitutions.Evenapartfromtheincreasedcompetition,thekidsenteraprocessthathasbeenutterlytransformedfromtheonebabyboomersknew.Nearlyallapplicationmaterialsaresubmittedonline,andtheCommonApplicationprovidesaone-size-fitsformacceptedbymorethan400schools,includingthenation’smostselective.G)Thoseschoolsusuallyrequireessaysoftheirown,butthelongestessay,500wordsmaximum,isgenerallyattachedtotheCommonApplication.Studentschooseoneofsixquestions.Applicantsareaskedtodescribeanethicaldilemmathey’vefacedanditsimpactonthem,ordiscussapublicissueofspecialconcerntothem,ortellofafictionalcharacterorcreativeworkthathasprofoundlyinfluencedthem.Anotherquestioninvitesthemtowriteabouttheimportance(tothem,again)ofdiversity―awordthathasassumedmagicpowerinAmericanhighereducation.Themostpopularoption:writeonatopicofyourchoice.H)“Boysinparticularlookattheotherquestionsandsay,‘Oh,that’stoomuchwork,’”saysJohnBoshoven,acounselorintheAnnArbor,Mich.,publicschools.“Theythinkiftheydoatopicoftheirchoice,“I’lljustgogetthathistorypaperIdidlastyearontheRomanEmpireandturnitintoafirst-personapplicationessay!’Andtheyendupproducingsomethingutterlyridiculous.”I)TalkingtoadmissionsprofessionalslikeBoshoven,yourealizethatthelistof“don’ts”inessaywritingismuchlongerthanthe“dos.”“Nobookreports,nohistorypapers,nocharacterstudies,”saysSohmer.J)“Itdrivesyoucrazy,howeasilykidsslipintoclichés(老生常談),”saysBoshoven.“Theydon’trealizehowtypicaltheirexperiencesarc.‘Iscoredthewinninggoalinsocceragainstourarch-rival.’‘MygrandfatherservedinWorldWarII,andIhopetobejustlikehimsomeday.’Thatmaymeanalottothatparticularkid.Butintheworldoftheapplicationessay,it’snothing.You’lllosethereaderinthefirstparagraph.”K)“Thegreateststrengthyoubringtothisessay,”saystheCollegeBoard’show-tobook,“is17yearsorsooffamiliaritywiththetopic:YOU.Theformandstyleareveryfamiliar,andbestofall,youaretheworld-classexpertonthesubjectofYOU...Ithasbeenthesubjectofyourclosescrutinyeverymorningsinceyouweretallenoughtoseeintothebathroommirror.”ThekeywordintheCommonApplicationpromptsis“you.”L)ThecollegeadmissionessaycontainsthegrandestAmericanthemes―statusanxiety,parentalpiety(孝順),intellectualstandards—andsoitisonlyamatteroftimebeforeitbecomesinfectedbythecountry’scultureofexcessiveconcernwithself-esteem.Evenifthequestionisostensibly(表面上)aboutsomethingoutsidetheself(describeafictionalcharacterorsolveaproblemofgeopolitics),theessayinvariablyreturnstothefavoritetopic:whatisitsimpactonYOU?M)“Foralltheanxietytheessaycauses,”saysBillMcClintickofMercersburgAcademyinPennsylvania,“it’saverysmallpieceofthepuzzle.Iwasincollegeadmissionsfor10years.Isawkidsandparentsbeatthemselvesupoverthis.Andatthevastmajorityofplaces,itissimplynotabigvariableinthecollege’sdecision-makingprocess.”N)Manyadmissionsofficerssaytheyspendlessthanacoupleofminutesoneachapplication,includingtheessay.Accordingtoarecentsurveyofadmissionsofficers,onlyoneinfourprivatecollegessaytheessayisof“considerableimportance”injudginganapplication.Amongpubliccollegesanduniversities,thenumberdropstoroughlyonein10.Bycontrast,86percentplace“considerableimportance”onanapplicant’sgrades,70percenton“strengthofcurriculum.”O(jiān))Still,atthemostselectiveschools,wherethousandsofcandidatesmaysubmitidenticallyhighgradesandtestscores,amarginalitemliketheessaymayserveasatie-breakerbetweentwoequallyqualifiedcandidates.ThethoughtiscertainlyenoughtokeepthepotboilingunderparentslikeMeg,thelawyer-mom,asshetriestohelphersonchooseanessaytopic.Foramomenttheotherday,shethoughtshemighthavehitonagoodone.“Hisfather’sfromFrance,”shesays.“Isaidmaybeyoucouldwriteaboutthat,assomethingthatmakesyoudifferent.Youknow:halfFrench,halfAmerican.Isaid,‘Youcouldwriteaboutyouridentityissues.’Hesaid,‘Idon’thaveanyidentityissues!’Andhe’sright.He’sawell-adjusted,normalkid.Butthatdoesn’tmakeforagoodessay,doesit?”注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。46.Todaymanyuniversitiesrequiretheirapplicantstowriteanessayofuptofivehundredwords.47.Onerecentchangeincollegeadmissionsisthatselectivecollegesanduniversitieshavemovedthetraditionaldeadlinetoearlierdates.48.Applicantsandtheirparentsaresaidtobelievethatthepersonalessaycanswaytheadmissionscommittee.49.Applicantsareusuallybetteroffiftheycanwriteanessaythatdistinguishesthemfromtherest.50.Notonlyisthecompetitiongettingmoreintense,theapplicationprocesstodayisalsototallydifferentfromwhatbabyboomersknew.51.Inwritingabouttheirownexperiencesmanyapplicantsslipintoclichés,thusfailingtoengagethereader.52.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,mostpubliccollegesanduniversitiesconsideranapplicant’sgradeshighlyimportant.53.Althoughtheapplicationessaycauseslotsofanxiety,itdoesnotplaysoimportantaroleinthecollege’sdecision-makingprocess.54.Thequestionyouaresupposedtowriteaboutmayseemoutsidetheself,butthethemeoftheessayshouldcenterarounditsimpactonyou.55.Intheolddays,applicantsonlyhadtosubmitasampleoftheirschoolpaperstoshowtheirwritingability.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Amongthegovernment’smostinterestingreportsisonethatestimateswhatparentsspendontheirchildren.Notsurprisingly,thecostsaresteep.Foramiddle-class,husband-and-wifefamily(averagepretaxincomein2023:$76,250),spendingperchildisabout$12,000ayear.Withinflationthefamily’sspendingonachildwilltotal$286,050byage17.Thedrystatisticsoughttoinformtheongoingdeficitdebate,becauseabudgetisnotjustacatalogofprogramsandtaxes.Itreflectsasociety’sprioritiesandvalues.Oursocietydoesnot—despiterhetoric(說辭)tothecontrary—putmuchvalueonraisingchildren.Presentbudgetpoliciestaxparentsheavilytosupporttheelderly.Meanwhile,taxbreaksforchildrenaremodest.Ifdeficitreductionaggravatesthesebiases,moreAmericansmaychoosenottohavechildrenortohavefewerchildren.Downthatpathlieseconomicdecline.Societiesthatcannotreplacetheirpopulationsdiscourageinvestmentandinnovation.Theyhavestagnant(蕭條旳)orshrinkingmarketsforgoodsandservices.Witholderpopulations,theyresistchange.Tostabilizeitspopulation—discountingimmigration—womenmusthaveanaverageoftwochildren.That’safertilityrateof2.0.Manycountrieswithstrugglingeconomiesarewellbelowthat.Thoughhavingachildisadeeplypersonaldecision,it’sshapedbyculture,religion,economics,andgovernmentpolicy.“Noonehasagoodanswer”astowhyfertilityvariesamongcountries,sayssociologistAndrewCherlinofTheJohnsHopkinsUniversity.ErodingreligiousbeliefinEuropemaypartlyexplainloweredbirthrates.InJapanyoungwomenmayberebellingagainsttheirmothers’isolatedlivesofchildrearing.Generaloptimismandpessimismcount.HopefulnessfueledAmerica’sbabyboom.AftertheSovietUnion’scollapse,saysCherlin,“anxietyforthefuture”depressedbirthratesinRussiaandEasternEurope.Inpoorsocieties,peoplehavechildrentoimprovetheireconomicwell-beingbyincreasingthenumberoffamilyworkersandprovidingsupportsforparentsintheiroldage.Inwealthysocieties,thelogicoftenreverses.Governmentnowsupportstheelderly,diminishingtheneedforchildren.Bysomestudies,thesafetynetsforretireeshavereducedfertilityratesby0.5childrenintheUnitedStatesandalmost1.0inWesternEurope,reportseconomistRobertSteininthejournalNationalAffairs.Similarly,somecouplesdon’thavechildrenbecausetheydon’twanttosacrificetheirownlifestylestothelimeandexpenseofafamily.YoungAmericansalreadyfaceableaklabormarketthatcannotinstill(注入)confidenceabouthavingchildren.Pilingonhighertaxeswon’thelp,“Ifhighertaxesmakeitmoreexpensivetoraisechildren,”saysNicholasEberstadtoftheAmericanEnterpriseInstitute,“peoplewillthinktwiceabouthavinganotherchild.”Thatseemslikecommonsense,despitethemultipleinfluencesonbecomingparents.注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。56.Whatdowelearnfromthegovernmentreport?A)Inflationincreasesfamilies’expenses.B)Raisingchildrenisgettingexpensive.C)Budgetreductioninaroundthecorner.D)Averagefamilyexpenditureisincreasing.57.Whatissaidtobetheconsequenceofashrinkingpopulation?A)Weakenednationalstrength. C)Economicdownturn.B)Increasedimmigration. D)Socialinstability.58.WhataccountedforAmerica’sbabyboom?A)Optimismforthefuture. C)Religiousbeliefs.B)Improvedlivingconditions. D)Economicprosperity.59.Whydopeopleinwealthycountriesprefertohavefewerchildren?A)Theywanttofurtherimprovetheireconomicwell-being.B)Theycannotaffordthetimeandexpensesofrearingchildren.C)Theyareconcernedaboutthefutureofthecominggeneration.D)Theydon’trelyontheirchildrentosupporttheminoldage.60.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A)Toinstillconfidenceintheyoungaboutraisingchildren.B)Toadvisecouplestothinktwicebeforehavingchildren.C)Toencouragetheyoungtotakecareoftheelderly.D)Toappealfortaxreductionforraisingchildren.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Spaceexplorationhasalwaysbeentheprovinceofdreamers:Thehumanimaginationreadilysoarswherehumaningenuity(發(fā)明力)strugglestofollow.AVoyagetotheMoon,oftencitedasthefirstsciencefictionstory,waswrittenbyCyranodeBergeracin1649.Cyranowasdeadandburiedforagoodthreecenturiesbeforethefirstmannedrocketsstartedtofly.In1961,whenPresidentKennedydeclaredthatAmericawouldsendamantothemoonbythedecade’send,thosewords,too,hadadreamlikequality.Theyresonated(共鳴)withoptimismandambitioninmuchthesamewayasthemostfamousdreamspeechofall,deliveredbyMartinLutherKingJr.twoyearslater.Bytheendofthedecade,bothvisionshadyieldedconcreteresultsandtransformedAmericansociety.Andyetinmanywaysthetwodreamsendedupatoddswitheachother.Thefightforracialandeconomicequalityisintenselypragmatic(講求實(shí)用旳)andimmediateinitsimpact.Theurgetoexplorespaceisjusttheopposite.Itisfigurativelyandliterallyotherworldlyinitsaims.Whenthedustsettled,thespacedreamerslostout.Therewasnograndfollow-uptotheApollomissions.Thetechnologicallycompromisedspaceshuttleprogramhasjustcometoanend,withnosuccessor.Theperpetualargumentisthatfundsaretight,thatwehavemorepressingproblemshereonEarth.Amidthecurrentconcernsaboutthefederaldeficit,reachingtowardthestarsseemsadispensableluxury—asifsavingone-thousandthofasingleyear’sbudgetwouldsolveourproblems.Buthumaningenuitystruggleson.NASAisdevelopingaseriesofroboticprobesthatwillgetthemostbangfromabuck.TheywillserveasmodemMagellans,mappingoutthesolarsystemforwhateverexplorersfollow,whethermanormachine.Ontheflipside,companieslikeVirginGalacticareplottingabottom-upassaultonthespacedreambymakingitarealitytothepublic.Privatespaceflightcouldliewithinreachofrichciviliansinafewyears.Anotherdecadeortwoanditcouldgomainstream.Thespacedreamersendupbenefitingallofus—notjustbecauseofthewaytheyexpandhumanknowledge,orbecauseofthespin-offtechnologiestheyproduce,butbecausethetwotypesofdreamsfeedoffeachother.BothMartinLutherKingandJohnKennedyappealedtotheideathathumanscantranscendwhatwereonceconsideredinherentlimitations.Todaywefaceseemingchallengesinenergy,theenvironment,healthcare.Tomorrowwewilltranscendtheseaswell,andthedreamerswilldeservealotofthecredit.Themoreevidencewecollectthatourspeciesiscapableofgreatness,themorewewillactuallyachieveit.注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。61.TheauthormentionsCyranodeBergeracinordertoshowthat_________.A)imaginationisthemotherofinventionB)ingenuityisessentialforsciencefictionwritersC)ittakespatienceforhumanstorealizetheirdreamsD)dreamershavealwaysbeeninterestedinsciencefiction62.HowdidthegeneralpublicviewKennedy’sspaceexplorationplan?A)ItsymbolizedtheAmericanspirit.B)Itwasasurgentasracialequality.C)Itsoundedverymuchlikeadream.D)Itmadeanancientdreamcometrue.63.Whatdoestheauthorsayabo