2024年中考英語二輪復(fù)習 專題七 形容詞和副詞

中考英語二輪復(fù)習專題七形容詞和副詞目錄01.考點分析02.模擬考題01考點分析考點1

形容詞形容詞的用法1.作表語，位于系動詞后。如：

●The

dish

you

made

looks

so

nice.

●Photos

are

silent,

but

they

say

a

lot

about

our

lives.2.作定語，通常位于名詞之前，復(fù)合不定代詞之后。如：

●Geoffrey

Chaucer

was

a

famous

poet

in

the

1300s.［2023河南中考］

●There

must

be

something

interesting

in

his

new

movie.3.作賓語補足語，放在賓語之后，常與make、find、think、keep等動詞連用。如：

She

thought

him

kind

and

helpful.4."the+形容詞"表示一類人the

blind盲人

the

wise智者the

old老人

the

young年輕人the

rich富人

the

poor窮人the

disabled殘疾人

the

sick病人the

wounded傷員易失分點有些形容詞通常用作表語而不用作定語，這類形容詞有：afraid、

awake、

asleep、

alive、

alone、

ill、

well等。如：Is

your

young

brother

asleep?易混形容詞辨析-ing形容詞-ed形容詞特點：一般用來形容事物本身具有的特征、性質(zhì)，表示"令人……的"，主語一般是事或物特點：一般用來形容人對事物的感受，表示"感到……的"，主語一般是人。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：sb.+系動詞+-ed形容詞+介詞This

story

is

so

interesting

that

we

are

all

interested

in

it.歸納拓展interesting（有趣的）→interested（感興趣的）surprising（令人驚訝的）→surprised（感到驚訝的）exciting（令人興奮的）→excited（興奮的）boring（無聊的）→bored（感到厭煩的）moving（令人感動的）→moved（感動的）tiring（令人疲倦的）→tired（感到疲倦的）amazing（令人大為驚奇的）→amazed（感到驚訝的）relaxing

（令人放松的）→relaxed（感到放松的）satisfying

（令人滿意的）→satisfied（滿意的）touching

（感人的）→touched（受感動的）考點2

副詞副詞的用法用法例句作狀語She

put

the

glass

down

carefully.作表語I

must

be

off

now.作賓語補足語Let

them

in.副詞的分類時間副詞時間副詞是確定句子時態(tài)的重要依據(jù)。時間副詞有today、

yesterday、

tomorrow、

now、

soon、

before、

then、

ago、

lately、

tonight等。方式副詞方式副詞常用來說明行為方式，多由"形容詞+-ly"構(gòu)成。方式副詞有safely、

happily、

quickly、

politely、

slowly、

loudly、

carefully、

actively、

warmly等。程度副詞程度副詞有very、

quite、

little、

much、

too、

almost［2019.35］、

enough、

rather、

nearly［2023.45］等。地點副詞地點副詞表示動作是在什么地方發(fā)生的，與動詞連用時，其前不加介詞。地點副詞有here、

there、

home、

anywhere［2020.46］、

down、

up、

below、

inside、

outside、

in等。續(xù)表疑問副詞（詞組）疑問副詞（詞組）常用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。疑問副詞（詞組）有when、

where、

why、

how、

how

often、

how

long、

how

far、

how

soon等。頻度副詞頻度副詞表示動作發(fā)生的頻率。頻度副詞有always［2021.33］、

usually、

often、sometimes、seldom、never［2020.48］等。連接副詞連接副詞有besides、

therefore、

however等。續(xù)表同形形容詞和副詞

一些詞既可作形容詞，也可作副詞，應(yīng)特別注意。1.詞義相似的同形形容詞和副詞①We

had

an

early（adj.早的）

breakfast.

我們早飯吃得很早。②We

had

breakfast

early（adv.早地）.

我們早早地吃了早飯。①We

went

by

a

fast

（adj.快速的）train.

我們乘快車去的。②Don't

speak

so

fast（adv.快地）.

不要講那么快。2.詞義不同的同形形容詞和副詞①I

want

a

straight（adj.

坦誠的）

answer.

我想要一個坦誠的回答。②He

went

straight（adv.直接地）

to

London.

他直接去倫敦了。①I

don't

feel

well

（adj.身體健康的）today.

我今天感覺不舒服。②Our

plans

go

well（adv.

順利地）.

我們的計劃順利進行。①It

is

as

hard（adj.堅硬的）

as

a

stone.

它硬得像石頭一樣。②The

question

is

too

hard（adj.難以回答的）.

那個問題太難了。③She

studies

hard（adv.努力地）.

她學習很努力。④He

held

his

mom's

hand

hard（adv.用力地）.

他緊緊抓住母親的手。3.一些成對副詞，一個帶-ly，一個不帶-ly。loud

大聲地,吵鬧地loudly

大聲地,響亮地hard

努力地,費力地hardly

幾乎不near

在近處,幾乎nearly

幾乎,差不多most

很,非常mostly

主要地,大部分地

易失分點以-ly結(jié)尾的單詞不一定都是副詞，有些形容詞也是以-ly結(jié)尾的。如：friendly（友好的）［2022.72］、

lovely（可愛的）［2021.71］、

lively（充滿活力的）、

lonely（孤獨的）等?？键c3

形容詞和副詞的比較等級比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成1.規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級一般在詞尾加-er或-estsmallsmallersmallestyoungyoungeryoungest以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加-r或-stlargelargerlargestwidewiderwidest構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級以單個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er或-estwetwetterwettestbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest續(xù)表構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先變y為i，再加-er或-estbusybusierbusiestheavyheavierheaviestearlyearlierearliest其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞在其前加more或mostdifficultmore

difficultmost

difficultcarefulmore

carefulmost

carefulimportantmore

importantmost

important續(xù)表2.不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest形容詞和副詞的原級比較1.A+謂語動詞+as+形容詞/副詞原級+as+B表示"A和B一樣……"。如：Your

jacket

is

as

new

as

mine.2.A+謂語動詞+not

so/as+形容詞/副詞原級+as+B表示"A不像B那樣……"。如：This

apple

is

not

as/so

big

as

that

one.易失分點

同級比較時，為了避免重復(fù)，常用the

one、

the

ones、

that、

those等詞來代替前面出現(xiàn)過的名詞。其中the

one指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，the

ones或those指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，that指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。如：The

pictures

on

the

table

are

as

lovely

as

those

on

the

wall.形容詞和副詞比較級的用法1.A+謂語動詞+比較級+than+B表示"A比B更……"。如：He

works

harder

than

us.2.A+謂語動詞+less+形容詞/副詞原級+than+B表示"A不如B……"

。如：This

red

dress

is

less

expensive

than

the

blue

one.3.Which/Who+謂語動詞+比較級，A

or

B?表示"A和B哪一個更……？"。如：Who

runs

faster,

Tom

or

Jerry?4.The+比較級，the+比較級表示"越……，越……"。如：●The

more

careful

you

are,

the

fewer

mistakes

you

will

make.●When

it

comes

to

brainstorming,

the

more

ideas,

the

better.

［2022成都中考］5.the+形容詞比較級+of

the

two...表示"兩者中較……的"。如：The

taller

of

the

two

girls

is

my

sister.6.比較級+and+比較級表示"越來越……"，若比較級是在原形前加more構(gòu)成的，則用"more

and

more+原形"表示"越來越……"。如：●Things

are

getting

better

and

better.●This

song

gets

more

and

more

popular.提分速記

一些可用于修飾形容詞和副詞比較級的表示程度的副詞（短語）有：much、a

little、even、a

lot、a

bit、far等。如：Diana

was

a

little

fat

in

the

past.

But

now

she

is

much

thinner

than

before.形容詞和副詞最高級的用法

最高級用于三者或三者以上人或事物的比較。在含有最高級的句型中常用由in

或of構(gòu)成的介詞短語來指出比較范圍。形容詞最高級前通常加定冠詞the，副詞最高級前一般不加定冠詞。1.A+謂語動詞

（+the）+最高級（+名詞）+in/of短語表示"A是……中最……的"。如：●Tom

studies

hardest

in

our

class,

so

he

often

gets

first

place

in

the

exam.●He

is

the

greatest

player

of

the

group.2.one

of+the+形容詞最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示"最……的……之一"。如：Mr.

Smith

is

one

of

the

most

popular

teachers

in

our

school.3.the+序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級+名詞表示"第幾……的……"。如：The

Yellow

River

is

the

second

longest

river

in

China.4.Who/Which+謂語動詞

（+the）+最高級,

A,

B

or

C?表示在三者中進行比較。如：Who

sings

best,

Lily,

Tony

or

Mary?★形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞的方法構(gòu)成示例一般直接在形容詞詞尾加-lyslow→slowly;sad→sadly;clear→clearly;quick→quickly;sudden→suddenly;careful→carefully;real→really;safe→safely;wide→widely;quiet→quietly以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的形容詞，要變y為i再加-lyeasy→easily;happy→happily;heavy→heavily;lucky→luckily;busy→busily;angry→angrily構(gòu)成示例以"輔音字母+le"結(jié)尾的形容詞，變e為-ysimple→simply;terrible→terribly;possible→possibly;probable→probably;comfortable→comfortably少數(shù)以"元音字母+e"結(jié)尾的形容詞，去e加-lytrue→truly續(xù)表02模擬考題語境小測Ⅰ.單項選擇1.[2023宿遷中考]

Hua

Hua

—

a

panda

at

Chengdu

Giant

Panda

Base

is

___

because

of

her

cute

looks.AA.popular

B.public

C.proper

D.private2.[2023青島中考]

We

should

eat

___

fruit

and

vegetables

to

keep

healthy.BA.free

B.fresh

C.soft

D.sweet3.[2023齊齊哈爾中考改編]

Remember

this,

kids.

The

harder

you

work,

the

___

you

will

be.BA.worse

B.luckier

C.easier

D.younger4.[2023十堰中考]

—As

far

as

I

know,

the

high-speed

railway

from

Shiyan

to

Xi'an

will

be

finished

soon.—Yeah.

It

will

be

more

___

for

us

to

travel

to

Xi'an.CA.dangerous

B.difficult

C.convenient

D.traditional5.—How

about

playing

soccer

after

school?—Sounds

great.

That's

___

what

I

would

like

to

do.BA.quickly

B.exactly

C.wisely

D.nearly6.[2023東營中考]

Short-form

videos

can

___

catch

people's

eye.

That's

one

reason

why

lots

of

people

spend

hours

on

Douyin.AA.easily

B.widely

C.luckily

D.seriously7.Li

Lei

loves

his

grandparents

very

much

and

often

feels

___

relaxed

when

he

stays

with

them.AA.completely

B.normally

C.luckily

D.suddenly8.[2023瀘州中考]

—Last

month,

thirteen

Chinese

scientists

successfully

reached

the

peak

of

Mount

Qomolangma,

which

is

___

mountain

in

the

world.—Wow!

It's

really

fantastic.

I

am

so

proud

of

them.DA.high

B.higher

C.highest

D.the

highest9.[2023揚州中考]

Slow

cooking

seems

to

hold

the

taste

of

the

meat

much

___.CA.good

B.well

C.better

D.best10.[2023大連中考]

Nowadays

traveling

by

high-speed

train

is

as

___

as

traveling

by

air

in

China.AA.popular

B.more

popular

C.most

popular

D.the

most

popularⅡ.用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空1.[2023蘭州中考]

The

Great

Wall

is

the

________（long）wall

in

the

world.longest2.[2023鎮(zhèn)江中考]

In

the

folk

story,

the

amazing

white

snake

is

________（lucky）saved

by

a

young

man.luckily3.[2023阜新中考]

Our

teacher

often

gives

me

some

_______（use）advice

on

how

to

learn

well.useful4.[2023麗水中考改編]

Chinese

food

is

_______（wide）known

and

enjoyed

all

around

the

world.widely5.[2023大連中考]

The

more

you

go

jogging,

the

_________（healthy）you

will

feel.

Just

try

it!healthier語篇提升

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入所給單詞的正確形式。

[2023陜西中考改編]

Li

Na

is

a

middle

school

student.

Last

term,

while

she

was

watching

a

clothing

show

on

TV,

a

kind

of

1.___________（tradition）clothes

called

hanfu

caught

her

eye.

How

she

wished

to

have

her

own

hanfu!

She

told

her

mother

that

she

wanted

one.

Her

mom

thought

for

a

while

and

said,

"You

can

have

one

if

you

make

progress

by

the

end

of

this

term."

She

felt

2._____________（disappoint）but

decided

to

make

it.

traditionaldisappointedAfter

that,

she

studied

3.________