unit-5-How-to-be-true-with-yourself市公開課一等獎省賽課微課金獎P

Unit11SectionAHowtoBeTruetoYourself綜合教程Unit5HowtoBeTruetoYourself1/53Pre-readingActivity2/53

1.Motto:ashortsentenceorafewwordstakenastheguidingprincipleofaperson,ofaschool,ofanorganization,etc.“Wastenot,wantnot”wasmymother’smotto.Themottooftheuniversityis“Freedomofthoughtandcoexistenceofdifferentdoctrines.

3/53integrity1)strengthandfirmnessofcharacterorprinciple;honestlyortrustworthinessHeisrespectedandadmiredasamanofthegreatestintegrityamanofmoralintegrity2)astateofbeingwholeandundivided;completenessOurintegrityasanationisthreatenedbytheseparatistforcesathomeandforeignintervention.mutualrespectforterritorialintegrity4/53Mottoesabouthowtobeagoodman/amanorintegrityIfyoutellthetruth,youhaveinfinitepowersupportingyouAharmfultruthisbetterthanausefullie.HonestyisthebestpolicyHonestyisthefirstchapterinthebookofwisdom.Inthemountainsoftruth,youneverclimbinvain.Agoodfameisbetterthanagoodface.Aliarisnotbelievedwhenhespeaksthetruth.Astraightfootisnotafraidofacrookedshoe.Honestyisthebestpolicy.Icannotbeyourfriendandyourflatterertoo.5/53GroupdiscussionWhichofthemottoesdoyoulikebest?Whydoyoulikeit?Howimportantdoyouthinkitisforonetobeamanofintegrity?請選擇discussion6/53Teacher’ssample

1.What’shonesty?

HonestyistellingthetruthHonestyisstraightforward

conductHonestyisbeingsincere,

truthful,trustworthy,honorable,

fair,genuine,andloyalwith

integrity.7/532.ReasonstotellthetruthTellingthetruthletseveryoneknowwhatreallyhappened.Thereislesschancesofmisunderstandings,confusion,orconflict.Tellingthetruthprotectsinnocentpeoplefrombeingblamedorpunished.Youusuallygetintolesstroublefortellingthetruththanofrlying(andgettingcaught).Otherpeopletrustyoumorewhenyoutellthetruth.Youdon’thavetotellmoreliestokeepyourstorystraight.Yougainareputationforbeingtruthful–atraitthatmostpeoplevalue.Tellingthetruthhelpsyoufeelsecureandpeacefulinside.(conscience)8/53

2.Demonstrate:1)ShowordescribeclearlyThefirst-aidinstructordemonstratedthecorrectwaytobandageawound.2)proveormakeclearafact,esp.byreasoningorprovidingexamplesGalileodemonstratedthatobjectsofdifferentweightsfallatthesamespeed.

9/53Ethics/MoralityEthics:1)thesciencethatdealswithmoralsHedecidedtostudyethicsashissecondmajor.2)moralrulesorprinciplesofbehaviorgoverningapersonorgroupWhetheracountryshouldhavenuclearweaponsornotshouldbeaquestionofethics,notofpolitics.communistethics/pressethics/stageethicsMorality:rightnessorhonestyofbehavior，ofanaction，etc.Onesometimeswondersifthereisanymoralityinpolitics.Manypeoplehavequestionedthemoralityofthatpolitician'sactions10/53Expediency/expediencebeingusefulorhelpfulforapurpose,althoughnotnecessarilycorrect.Thegovernmentwillnotcondemnitsalliesfortorturingprisoners.Itisaquestionorexpediency.Hisbehaviorseemstobegovernedsolelybyexpedience.Itisexpedientthatheshouldgoawayatonce.Dowhateverisexpedient.11/53inner1)ontheinsideorclosetothemiddleTheinnerwrappingofthecommodityisalsopleasanttolookat.aninnertube/InnerMongolia/theInnerCity2)closetothecentreofcontrolTheprimeMinisteroftenturnstotheinnercircle（關(guān)鍵集團(tuán)）oftheCabinetforadvice.3)ofthemindorspiritHismateriallifeisverygood,buthisinnerlifeisverypoor.Innerbeautyistherealbeauty./theinnerlifeofaman.12/53demandTheopponenthaddemandedthatallthefactsbemadepublic.Workofthisnaturedemandspersonalsacrificesofthosewhoembarkonit.Theteacherdemandsofusa500-workcomposition.13/53Principle（1）atruthorbeliefthatisacceptedasabaseforreasoningoractionOneoftheprinciplesofthisdictionaryisthatdefinitionsshouldbeinsimplelanguage.Theyagreedtotheplaninprinciple.

（2）amoralruleorsetofideaswhichguidesone'sbehaviorIusuallyfollowtheprinciplethatitisbetternottogetinvolvedinotherpeople'squarrels.14/53conviction

averyfirmandsincerebeliefSheisawomanofstrongconvictions.Shehasafirmconvictionthatsheisalwaysright.

convincesbofsth.compare:convincibleandconvincingandconvinced15/53ensure(ArnEinsure）makesth.certaintohappenThereisachangeinthelawthatensuresfairtreatmentforpeopleofallracesTakeataxiifyouwanttoensurethatyoucatchtheplane.Compare:assuresbofsth.insureone’shouseagainstfirehaveone’slifeinsured16/53abdominalThatmiddle-agedmanreceivedanabdominaloperation，whichlastedtwohours.Hewenttoplaybasketballsoonafterlunchandbegantosuffersharpabdominalpainswhileplayingthematch.17/53surgeon---adoctorwhosejobistoperformmedicaloperationsTheskillfulsurgeonoperatedonthepatientwhosufferedfromappendicitis（闌尾炎）Highlyskilledsurgeonsenjoyahighsocialpositionandhaveahandsomeincome.18/53sponge

（1）atypeofsimpleseacreaturethatdoesnotmovebutgrowsaspreadingrubber-likeframefullofsmallholesSpongescangrowuptoaveryconsiderablesize.

（2）apieceofasponge，orofasimilarartificialsubstancemadefromrubber，whichcansuckupandholdwaterandisusuallyusedforwashingWehaveamopmadeofsponge，whichsoaksupmuchwater.19/53rookie----sb.whoisnewtoandhasnoexperienceofanactivity，esp.anewsoldierorpolicemanHeisapolicerookie/arookiecop.Hejoinedthepoliceonlylastyear.Sheisarookienurse.Sheisverycarefulwithherjob.

20/53credit（1）asystemofbuyinggoodsorservicesandpayingforthemlaterIfyoucan'taffordtopaycash，buythefurnitureoncredit.

（2）beliefortrustinthetruthorrightnessofsomethingDoyouplaceanycreditinthegovernment'sstory?

（3）publicapprovalorpraisegiventosb.becauseofsth.hehasdoneThatscientistwasgivennocreditforhisinvention21/53appoint

（1）chooseforapositionorjobTheyhaveappointedhimchairmanoftheboardofdirectors.Acommitteewasappointedtoinvestigatethesecomplaints.

（2）arrangeordecide（esp.atimeorplacewhensomethingwillhappen）ThecommitteehasappointedadayinJulyforyourcasetobeheard.22/53Dwarf/giantDwarf:aperson，animal，orplantofmuchlessthantheusualsizeTheirsecondsonisadwarf.Thereisafunny，sillydwarfinthefilm.Giant:（I）apersonwhoismuchbiggerandtallerthanaveragepeopleAbasketballteamusuallyhasseveralgiants.

（2）apersonofgreatabilityShakespeareisagiantamongwriters.23/53external（1）on，of,orfromtheoutsideThismedicineisforexternaluse，nottodrink.

（2）thatcanbeseenbutnotnaturalorrealHeisactuallyveryshy，despiteexternalappearances.Antonym:internal24/53inevitably---beingcertaintohappen；unavoidablyHewas，inevitably，upsetbyherdeparture，butsoonhegotoverit.Giventhecurrentfinancialsituation，thepoundwillinevitablybedevalued.25/53challenge（1）（sth.with)thequalityofdemandingcompetitiveaction，interest，orthought

Iamlookingforajobwithabitmorechallenge.2）aninvitationtocompeteinafight，game，match，etc.ThePresidentoftheBoardofTrustees（理事會）isfacedwithachallengetohisleadershipfromhisdeputy.

（3）aquestioningoftherightness，legality，etc.ofsomethingThisnewreportrepresentsachallengetotheacceptedversionofthoseevents26/53Preserve

（1）preventsb.orsth.frombeingharmedordestroyedTheancientEgyptiansknewwaystopreservedeadbodiesfromdecay。（2）causeaconditiontolast；tokeepunchangedItisthedutyofthepolicetopreservepublicorder

Facade（1）thefrontofabuilding，esp.ofagrandbuilding正面，表面，外觀ThefacadeoftheGrandTheaterisveryattractive.

（2）anappearance，esp.onethatisfalseThoughtheyputupafacadeofhonesty，theyareinvolvedincriminalactivities.27/53conscience--aninnersensethatisconsciousofthemoralrightnessorwrongnessofone'sbehaviororintentions，andmakesoneknowwhetheroneisdoingrightIhaveaguiltyconscienceaboutnottellingherthetruth.Ihaven'tdoneanythingwrong.一Ihaveaclearconscience.28/53succumb（1）stopopposing；togivein（togreaterforceorstrength，adesire，etc.）Theyheldoutforsomehoursinthefaceofourpersuasiveoffers，buteventuallytheysuccumbed.

（2）diebecauseofHefinallysuccumbedtotheillness.29/53Thewriterrealizesthepresentscarcityandtherealimportanceofintegrity.Hewantstotellusthatintegrityiswhatisfundamentalineveryareaofsocietyandthatitissomethingwemustdemandofourselves.Hewantstoconvinceusthatonlybystandingfirmlyforourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure，byalwaysgivingotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirsandbybeinghonestandopenaboutwhatwereallyare，canwelivearichlifeofprincipleandsuccess.Mainidea?30/53II.TextAnalysis:MainIdeaofeachpart

Thewriterrealizesthepresentscarcityandtherealimportanceofintegrity.Hewantstotellusthatintegrityiswhatisfundamentalineveryareaofsocietyandthatitissomethingwemustdemandofourselves.Hewantstoconvinceusthatonlybystandingfirmlyforourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure，byalwaysgivingotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirsandbybeinghonestandopenaboutwhatwereallyare，canwelivearichlifeofprincipleandsuccess.Mainidea?FordetailsPartI(Paras.1-2)PartII(Paras.3-14)PartIII(Para.15)31/53II.TextAnalysis:MainIdeaofeachpartTheauthorstatestheprincipleoftheIntegrityTriadindetail,thatis,standfirmlyforyourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure;alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs;behonestandopenaboutwhatyoureallyare.Mainidea?FordetailsPartII(Paras.3-14)32/53II.TextAnalysis:MainIdeaofeachpartThelastparagraphistheconclusionoftheessay.Itisassociatedwiththefirstone.Inthisparagraph，theauthorfurtherexplainswhatintegritymeansandpointsoutwhatbenefitandprospectalifeofprinciplewillbringyou..Mainidea?backPartIII(Para.15)33/53Part1

1．Whatisthecontrastpresentedinthebeginning?A1：Theauthor'sgrandparentsandtheirgenerationfirmlybelievedinhonestyanddemonstrateditbythewaytheylived，butnowadaysintegrityisgettingscarcer.2．Whatreasonspromptedthewritertowriteaboutthetopic?A2:Integrityisinshortsupplytoday，butitistherealfundamentalthingineveryactivityofsocietyanditistherealbasicqualitythatwemustbeinpossessionof.Thesearethereasonsthatpromptedthewritertowriteaboutthetopic34/53Part11.Theyunderstoodinstinctivelythatintegritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnotsellouttoexpediencyandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand.--…integritymeansthatoneshouldhaveapersonalstandardforjudgingwhatismorallyrightandwrong.Andhedoeswhathethinksisright,notwhatishelpfulforhim.Hisjudgmentisnotaffectedbyanyexternalcircumstances.35/53Part12.Butitistherealbottomlineineveryareaofsociety----Butintegrityisreallywhatcountsineverypartordivisionofsociety.／Butitistherealfundamentalthingineveryactivityofsociety.／Butitistherealbasicqualityineverysectionofsociety.

thebottomline（1）theamountofmoneyshownasprofitorlossatthebottomofasetofaccountsYouhaveinvestedmillionsofdollarsinthebusinessandyoucomeoutwithnothingonthebottomline.

（2）thebasiccontent，meaning，orsituationThebottomlineinthedebateistheincreasingnumberofmotorcycleaccidentsandfatalities.(3）outcome；themostimportantresultintheendIfwemakeallthechangesIamproposing，thebottomlineisthatthecompanywillsave$5,000.36/53Part2(para3)What’stheuseofparagraph3?ThethirdparagraphintroducestheIntegrityTriadandlinkstheprecedingpartwiththefollowing.3.Consistof:bemadeupofOurclassconsistsofsevengroups.Thisarticleconsistsofthreemainpoints..37/53Part2(para4-8)1.Howdidthewritersupporthisfirstkeyprinciple?A1:bymeansoftellingastory2.Whatdoyouthinkofthenurse?A2:aresponsiblenursewhostickstoherintegrity.3.Whatdoyouknowaboutthesurgeonfromthestory?A3:Thesurgeoniscarefulwithhisworkandresponsibletohispatients.Besides，heisopentocriticismsandverypatientinthefaceofobjectionsandevenincorrectcriticisms.Forexample，whenthenursepreventedhimfromclosingthecutandwronglycriticizedhim，heremainedpatientinsteadofgettingangryandsmilinglyliftedhisfootandshowedherthe12thsponge.Moreover，hepraisedher，saying“You'lldojustfineinthisoranyotherhospital.”

38/53Part2(para4-8)4.Accountfor（1）giveorbeasatisfactoryexplanationforHowdoyouaccountforlosingfivegamesinarow?Canyouaccounttomeforyourdelayinhandinginyourcomposition?（2）bethecauseororiginofNorthSeaoilaccountsforahighproportionofourexportearnings.Thereisnoaccountingfortastes.39/53Part2(para4-8)5.object

（1）beagainststh.orsb.；feelorshowoppositionordisapprovalI'dliketoopenthewindowifnooneobjects.Istronglyobjecttobeingtreatedlikeachild.

（2）giveasanargumentagainststh.Iwantedtoclimbthehill，butBillobjectedthathewastootired.Somepeopleobjectedthatthenewtaxlawwasunfair.40/536.Whenyouknowyouareright，youcan'tbackdown.=Whenyouknowyouaredoingtherightthing，youcan'tgiveupyourefforthalfwayunderexternalpressure／Ifyouknowyouareright，youcannotadmitthatyouarewrongwhenyouarefacedwithpersonalpressure.

backdown----acceptdefeatinanargument，opinion，orclaim；admitthatonewaswrong；togiveupone'soriginalstand，etc.Thatsmallcountrywillnotbackdowntopressure.Hesaidhecouldswim，buthebackeddownwhenwegottothelake.41/53Part2(para9-11)WhydidtheadvertisingfirmfoundedbyDavidOgilvybecomeoneofthelargestandmostrespectedadvertising

organizationsintheworld?BecauseDavidOgilvyandtheappointedofficeheadsoftheadvertisingfirmfoundedbyDavidOgilvyacteduponthekeyprinciple：Alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirstobemorespecific，theywerenotafraidofandhiredthosewhomighthaveabetterideaorwhomightevenbesmarterandmorecompetentthantheythemselves.Theyrespectedtalentsandgavefullplaytotheirabilities.Thus，theadvertisingfirmfoundedbyDavidOgilvybecameacompanyofgiants，developedveryfastandgrewtobeoneofthelargestandmostrespectedadvertisingorganizationsintheworld.42/53Part2(para9-11)7.Alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs.--Alwaysbereadyandwillingtogiveapprovalorpraisetootherpeoplewhodeserveit.／Alwaysbebroad-mindedenoughtoacknowledgeandpraisethosewhoaresmarterandmoresuccessfulthanyouare.43/538.Russiannestingdollwithfiveprogressivelysmallerfiguresinside--aRussiandollinwhicharefittedfivefigures，eachofwhichissmallerthanthepreviousone.progressively---stepbystep；bystages；movingaheadordevelopingcontinuouslyThesituationisbecomingprogressivelytense.Theeconomyinthatcountrywasprogressivelygettingbetter.44/53Part2(para12-14)Regardingthethirdprinciple，whatadvicedoestheauthoroffer?Sobeyourself.Don‘yengageinapersonalcover-upofareasthatareunpleasinginyourlife.Whenit'stough，doittough.Inotherwords，facerealityandbeadultinyourresponsestolife'schallenges.Self-respectandaclearconsciencearepowerfulcomponentsofintegrityandarethebasisforenrichingyourrelationshipswithothers.(translatethesentences)45/539.Behonestandopenaboutwhatyoureallyare.--Beyourselfandproveyourselftobetrustworthy，withouthidingorcoveringupanyunpleasingareasinyourlife.／Behonestandopenwithyourself;facerealitysquarelyandrespondtolife'schallengesboldlyandinamature，suitablemanner.46/5310.peoplewholackgenuinecorevalues;----peoplewhoarewithoutorwhodonothaveenoughtrulyfundamentalvaluesvalues--standardsorprinciples；ideasabouttheworthorimportanceofcertainqualities，thosegenerallyacceptedbyaparticulargroupTherearemanyvaluessharedbydifferentnationsintheworld.TheAmericanpeopleandtheChinesepeopledifferinsomecorevalues47/5310.tough1）strong；noteasilyweakenedorbroken；abletosufferdifficultorsevereconditionsOnlytoughbreedsofsheepcanliveinthemountains.（2）showingstrongdetermination；uncompromisingWewonthecontract，butonlythroughalotoftoughnegotiating.（3）difficulttodoordealwith；noteasy；needingmucheffortThecompanyisfacedwithtoughcompetition.(4)rough：withoutkindorsympatheticfeelingsormannersThegovernmenthasthreatenedtogettoughwithpeoplewhotrytoavoidpayingtaxes.48/5311.…beadultinyourresponsestolife'schallenges.…answerorrespondtolife'schallengesinawaysuitableforortypicalofagrown-up.12.forenrichingyourrelationshipswithothers--forimprovinganddevelopingyour