高中一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語講義必修三Module1Europe

Module1Europe一、單詞表詞匯全查驗——運用多媒體，提問默寫詞匯Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．bootn. 長統(tǒng)靴；皮靴2．continentaladj. 大陸的；大洲的3．landmarkn. 標(biāo)志性建筑4．galleryn. 美術(shù)館；畫廊5．sculpturen. 雕刻；泥塑6．birthplacen. 發(fā)源地[第二屏聽寫]7．civilisationn． 文明8．whereaboutsadv. 在哪里9．parliamentn. 國會；議會10．regionn. 地區(qū)；區(qū)域11．geographicaladj. 地理的12．featuren. 特點Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第三屏聽寫]1．a(chǎn)crossprep. 橫過；穿過2．facevt. 面向；面對3．rangen. 山脈4．situatedadj. 坐落(某處)的；位于(某處)的5．symboln. 象征；符號[第四屏聽寫]6．locatedadj. 位于7．a(chǎn)rchitectn. 建筑師8．projectn. 計劃；項目；工程9．a(chǎn)ncientadj. 古代的10．oppositeprep. 在……對面[第五屏聽寫]11．signvt. 簽署12．a(chǎn)greementn. 協(xié)議；契約13．governvt. 統(tǒng)治；治理14．headn. 領(lǐng)袖；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人15．representativen. 代表16．producen. 產(chǎn)品；農(nóng)產(chǎn)品[第六屏聽寫]17．because_of 因為；由于18．be_known_as 作為……而出名/聞名19．ever_since 自從……一直20．in_terms_of 據(jù)……；依照……21．on_the_other_hand 另一方面；反過來說22．little_by_little 一點點地；逐漸地二、單元核心考點初熱身——提供語境，單元考點自測回顧(一)分類識記單詞——用時少·功效高識記單詞寫對Ⅰ.知其意(英譯漢)1.galleryn．美術(shù)館；畫廊2.sculpturen.雕刻；泥塑3.civilisationn.文明4.parliamentn．國會；議會5.regionn.地區(qū)；區(qū)域6.featuren.特點Ⅱ.寫其形(漢譯英)1.ancientadj.古代的2.projectn.計劃；項目；工程3.headn.領(lǐng)袖；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人4.representativen.代表核心單詞練通1.Whitehasalwaysbeenasymbol(象征)ofpurityinWesterncultures.2.Whentheriverfreezesover,wecanwalkacross(穿過)theice.3.Facing(面對)thedifficulty,Ikeptcalmandtriedtothinkofawayout.4.Thisrestauranthasbeepopularforitswiderange(范圍)offoodsthatsuitalltastesandpockets.5.Thenewbuildingwasbuiltfromthedesignofafamousarchitect(建筑師)．拓展單詞用活[記全記牢]1.continentaladj.大陸的；大洲的→continentn．大陸；大洲2.situatedadj.坐落(某處)的；位于(某處)的→situationn．形勢；情況；地理位置→situatevt.使位于；使處于3.locatedadj.位于→locationn．位置→locatevt.位于vi.定位；定居4.oppositeprep.在……對面adj.對面的；相反的→opposevt.反對5.signvt.簽署→signaturen．簽字；署名6.agreementn.協(xié)議；契約→disagreementn．不同意；分歧7.governvt.統(tǒng)治；治理→governmentn．政府8.producen．產(chǎn)品；農(nóng)產(chǎn)品→productn．產(chǎn)品；制品→productionn．生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)量[用準(zhǔn)用活]1.Themitteemembersopposedthebillandgavesomeoppositeideas.(oppose)2.Inourcountry,railwaysaregovernedbythegovernment,_notbyanyindividuals.(govern)3.Situatedatthefootofthemountain,thesmallvillageenjoysagoodsituationandduetothefastdevelopmentoftourism,ithasbeeaholidayresort.(situate)4.Ournewofficeislocatedwithinthecentreofthetown,andthelocationisconvenientforme.(locate)5.Theywereindisagreementwithusatfirst,butaftermanytalkswitheachother,wesignedanagreement.(agreement)?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時多輸入，用時順手出)1.說說“七大洲”①Asia亞洲②Europe歐洲③Africa非洲④Antarctica南極洲⑤Oceania大洋洲⑥NorthAmerica北美洲⑦SouthAmerica南美洲2.合成名詞“n.＋n.”一覽①landmark標(biāo)志性建筑②birthplace發(fā)源地③daybreak拂曉；黎明④keyboard鍵盤⑤headache頭痛⑥steamboat汽船⑦waterfall瀑布⑧newspaper報紙(二)語段串記短語——不枯燥·興趣高先寫對再用準(zhǔn)第一組1.in_the_south_of在……南部2.because_of因為；由于3.of_all_time有史以來；始終4.be_known_as作為……而出名/聞名5.in_terms_of據(jù)……；依照……Ourschoolissituated①in_the_south_ofourcity,which②is_known_as“oursecondhome”.③In_terms_ofteachingquality,ourschoolissecondtonone.④Because_ofthis,ourschoolisthemostpopularinourcity.第二組1.work_on從事；努力做2.ever_since自從……一直3.on_the_other_hand另一方面；反過來說4.have_control_over對……加以控制5.little_by_little一點點地；逐漸地Hehasbeen①working_ondiggingcoalforseveralyears.Thejobwasveryhard,but②on_the_other_handitwaswell-paid.And③little_by_littlehehaspaidoffallhisdebts.?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時多輸入，用時順手出)1.work相關(guān)短語大全①workon從事；努力做②workat致力于③workout計算出；解決④outofwork失業(yè)⑤workhardat努力學(xué)習(xí)(工作)2.由littlebylittle想到的①sidebyside肩并肩；并排②stepbystep一步一步地；逐步③onebyone一個接一個地④daybyday一天天地⑤yearbyyear年復(fù)一年(三)仿寫用活句式——造佳句·表達(dá)高背原句明句式學(xué)仿寫1.BetweenFranceandSpainisanothermountainrange—thePyrenees.在法國和西班牙之間是另一座山脈——比利牛斯山脈。表示地點的介詞短語位于句首，需用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。體育館門前站著很多手拿鮮花的學(xué)生，他們在等待貴賓的到來。Infrontofthestadiumstood_many_studentsholdingflowerswaitingforthearrivalofthehonoredguests.2.Theirworkhasinfluencedotherwriterseversince.他們的作品影響了后世的作家。eversince常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。自從在學(xué)校認(rèn)識至今，我們一直是朋友。Wehave_been_friends_ever_sincewemetatschool.3.TheexpandedEuropeanUnionhasapopulationofmorethanhalfabillionpeople,twiceasbigasthepopulationoftheUnitedStates.擴(kuò)展后的歐盟人口超過五億，是美國人口的兩倍?！氨稊?shù)＋as＋adj./adv.的原級＋as...”結(jié)構(gòu)。這條新公路是舊公路的三倍寬。Thisnewhighwayisthree_times_as_wide_astheoldone.考點新組合閱讀微技能LiHua,whohasawiderangeofinterests,isalwaysreadytohelpothers.________?，hewasfacedwithaproblemtheotherday.Thatday,hewasgoingacrosstheroad________?hefoundthatontheroadlayanoldlady.Shesignedtohimforhelp.________?andhadexpectedhertosaythanks.Butjusttheopposite,shesaidheshouldn'thaveknockedherdown,whichmadehimveryangry.Fortunately,heprovedtobeinnocentatlast.1.①處應(yīng)填入的銜接詞是However。2.②處應(yīng)填入的并列連詞是when，相當(dāng)于andthen/atthattime。3.③處應(yīng)填入的最佳選項為__A__。A.HedidsoB．SohedidC.SodidheD．Hedid1．rangen．山脈；幅度；范圍；種類v.排列；(在一定范圍內(nèi))變化，變動(1)in/withinrange(ofsth.) 在……范圍內(nèi)beyond/outofrange(ofsth.) 在……范圍外awiderangeof... 范圍廣泛的；各種各樣的(2)rangefrom...to... 在……范圍內(nèi)變動rangebetween...and... 在……和……范圍內(nèi)變動[多角練透]單句語法填空①Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,ranging(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.(2017·北京高考單選)②Theirjobswidelyrangefromgovernmentofficialsandathletestodrivers,teachers,artistsandsoon.單句改錯③Whendrivingonhighways,thedrivermustcontrolhisorherspeedwithintherangeof60km/hand120km/h.去掉第二個the補全句子④Inadditiontothesetraditionalactivities,wehavea_wider_range_of_choicessuchastravellingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.除了這些傳統(tǒng)活動外，我們有更廣泛的選擇，如旅游和拜訪我們的親戚朋友。2．facevt.面向；面對n.面孔；表情；正面(1)befacedwith 面臨，面對faceupto 勇敢面對(2)makeaface 做鬼臉facetoface 面對面in(the)faceof 面對；在……面前[多角練透]單句語法填空①Facing(face)somuchtrouble,hedidn'tknowwhattodo.②WhenIamfacedwithadifficulty,Iusuallychoosetorefertorelevantlearningmaterialsorwebpages.單句改錯③Thebuildingwhichfacestothebigriverislikelytobedestroyedbytheflood.去掉第一個to補全句子④municatingwithfriendsface_to_faceisawaytorelievepressurefromworkandlife.與朋友面對面地交流是緩解工作和生活壓力的一種方式。句型轉(zhuǎn)換⑤Facingincreasingenergylimits,Chinaneedsabreakthroughinminingandexploration.→Faced_withincreasingenergylimits,Chinaneedsabreakthroughinminingandexploration.→In_the_face_ofincreasingenergylimits,Chinaneedsabreakthroughinminingandexploration.3．a(chǎn)crossprep.橫過；穿過；交叉；在……另一邊adv.從一邊到另一邊；寬；交叉地eacross (偶然)遇見；碰見getacross(to) 使被理解；向……講清楚[多角練透]單句語法填空①Thelittlepupiltookhisgrandmabythearmandwalkedheracrossthestreet.(2015·陜西高考單選)選用上述短語填空②ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcame_acrossmynewneighbors.(2017·天津高考單選)③Agoodlecturerissupposedtomanagetoget_acrosstothelistenerswhathemeans.選詞填空(across,through,over)④TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast,acrossthedesert,overthemountains,throughthevalleys,tillatlastitreachesthesea.長城從西向東跨過沙漠，越過高山，穿越山谷，直至最后到達(dá)大海。4．signvt.簽署；簽名；打手勢；示意n.符號；記號；手勢；跡象(1)signtosb.todosth. 打手勢讓某人做某事signin/out 簽到/簽退signup 報名參加；注冊(2)asignof... ……的標(biāo)志/跡象[題點全練]單句語法填空①Ifyouareinterested,signuponourschoolwebsitebeforeAugust10.(2017·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))②Hesignedtoherto_lower(lower)hervoice.③Forsafetyreasons,pleasesigninwhenyouarriveatthebuilding,andsignoutwhenyouleave.④Whileredisasignofwarmth,itcansometimesmakepeoplefeeluneasyorevenfrightened.5．oppositeprep.在……對面adj.對面的；相反的；對立的adv.在對面n.對立面；對立的人；反義詞(1)beoppositeto 與……相反justtheopposite 恰恰相反 (2)opposevt. 反對；與……對抗opposedoingsth. 反對做某事(3)opposedadj. 反對的；相反的beopposedto(doing)sth. 反對(做)某事[多角練透]單句語法填空①Atthatage,Ialwaysdidsomethingthatwasoppositetowhatevermyparentsdid.②Theparentsstronglyopposedtheirdaughtergoing(go)therealone.補全句子③Fatherisstronglyopposed_to_going_shoppingonSunday,becausethestreetsandsupermarketsarefullofpeople.父親強(qiáng)烈反對星期天去買東西，因為街上和超市到處是人。④Shedidn'tmakeamistake—just_the_opposite,_whatshedidwasright.她沒有犯錯誤，恰恰相反，她所做的是正確的。6．介詞短語置于句首的倒裝句式Between_France_and_Spain_is_another_mountain_range—thePyrenees.在法國和西班牙之間是另一座山脈——比利牛斯山脈。本句結(jié)構(gòu)為“介詞短語＋謂語動詞＋主語”的全部倒裝句式。(1)表示地點、方位或時間的副詞，如here,there,in,out,up,down,away,now,then等以及表示地點的介詞短語，如infrontof,atthefootof等位于句首時，句子用全部倒裝。此時謂語動詞一般為be動詞或lie,e,go,stand等動詞，且句子的主語為名詞。(2)形容詞或分詞位于句首也可用全部倒裝。(3)如果句子的主語是代詞，不用倒裝語序。①Johnopenedthedoor.Therestood_a_girlhehadneverseenbefore.約翰打開門，那里站著一個他從未見過的女孩子。②Bythewindowsat_a_young_manwithamagazineinhishand.窗戶邊坐著一位年輕人，手里拿著一本雜志。③Presentattheeveningpartywas_our_English_teacheryesterday.昨天出席晚會的有我們的英語老師。④Lookatthelittledog!Hereit_runs.看這條小狗！它跑過來了?？键c新組合閱讀微技能Intermsofsizeandscale,ourschoolisn'tverylarge,________?itisveryfamousinourcity.________?，therearesomanywell-knownteachersinourschool.Ontheotherhand,dozensofstudentsareadmittedtoPekingUniversityeveryyear.1.①處應(yīng)填入的連詞為but。2.②處應(yīng)填入的短語為On_(the)_one_hand，與后面的短語Ontheotherhand相對應(yīng)。7．intermsof(依)據(jù)……；依照……；就……而言inthelong/shortterm 從長/短期來看beongood/badtermswithsb. 與某人關(guān)系好/不好etotermswith... 與……達(dá)成協(xié)議；與……和解[題點全練]選用上述短語填空①Hefinallycame_to_terms_withthatpany.②Wehave_been_on_good_terms_withourneighborsforalltheseyears.③Whattheyhavedoneisgoodfortheenvironmentin_the_long_term.④Wemustplanourworkin_terms_ofthenewsituationanditsneeds.8．ontheotherhand另一方面；反過來說(1)on(the)onehand...;ontheotherhand... 一方面……；另一方面(卻)……(2)foronething...;foranother... 首先……；其次……/一則……；二則……[題點全練]選用上述短語填空①I'dliketoeatout,buton_the_other_hand,_Ishouldbetryingtosavemoney.②On_(the)_one_hand,_ourindustryisshortofenergysource,buton_the_other_hand,_agreatamountofenergysourceisbeingwasted.③For_one_thing,_Icanhelptakecareofthechildren.For_another,_IcanimprovemyEnglish,makemorefriends,andenrichmylifeduringthesummervacation.[名師指津]ontheonehand中的the可以省略，而ontheotherhand中的the不能省略。另外，ontheotherhand可以單獨使用。[單元語基落實]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．MadamCurieiswell-knownasagreatscientistforherintelligence.2．Hehasanumberofdifferentinterests,ranging(range)fromstampcollectingtoskating.3．NeitheryounorIcanswimacrossthelakeinhalfanhour.4．Therefore,studentsshouldbeadvisedtosignupassoonaspossible.5．Faced(face)withthephenomenon,wemusttakesomemeasurestodealwithit.6．ThefamilysettledinNewYorkin1970andhas_lived(live)thereeversince.7．Thecountriesareindependentandaregoverned(govern)indifferentways.8．Ifyoustudyregularly,yourvocabularywillincreaselittlebylittle.9．You'dneverknowthey'resisters—theyarepletelyoppositetoeachotherineveryway.10．Located(locate)inthecity'smercialcenter,theshoppingmallattractslotsofyoungpeopletoseekfashionseveryday.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Don'tmakeface.Eatingvegetablesisgoodforyourhealth.face前加a2．Look!InthemiddleofthehallstandssomeChristmastrees.stands→stand3．Onthesouthofschoolstandsourlibrary,whichcoversanareaof1,200squaremetres.On→In4．Heisthemanager,andhiringandfiringarewithintherangeofhisresponsibilities.去掉第二個the5．Thetemple,situatinginthemiddleofthecity,datesbacktotheTangDynasty.situating→situatedⅢ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補全句子1．人們普遍認(rèn)為應(yīng)該根據(jù)學(xué)生的全面素質(zhì)來評價他們。(intermsof)Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeevaluatedin_terms_of_overall_quality.2．我們每個人都有優(yōu)點，但是另一方面我們每個人也有缺點。(ontheotherhand)Weeachhavestrongpoints,buton_the_other_hand_each_of_us_has_weak_points.3．她五年前畢業(yè)，從那時起便一直當(dāng)護(hù)士。(eversince)Sheleftschoolfiveyearsagoandhas_worked_as_a_nurse_ever_since.4．廣場中央聳立著一座雕塑。(全部倒裝)Inthemiddleofthesquarestands_a_sculpture.5．許多人認(rèn)為傾聽是被動的行為，情況恰恰相反。(opposite)Manypeoplethinkthatlisteningisapassivebusiness.Itisjust_the_opposite.Ⅳ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯1．Theyenteredtheclassroom,andanaughtyboysatinthefrontofit.→Theyenteredtheclassroom,inthefrontofwhichsat_a_naughty_boy.2．Shedidn'tgotoschoolbecauseshewasill,whichmadehermotherworried.→Shedidn'tgotoschoolbecause_of_her_illness,_whichmadehermotherworried.3．Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthreetimesbiggerthanthepreviousone.→Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthree_times_as_big_as/the_size_ofthepreviousone.4．面對挑戰(zhàn)時你應(yīng)該相信勇氣很重要。①Facing_challenges,_youshouldbelieveyourcourageiswhatmakesadifference.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)②Faced_with_challenges,_youshouldbelieveyourcourageiswhatmakesadifference.(過去分詞短語作狀語)③In_the_face_of_challenges,_youshouldbelieveyourcourageiswhatmakesadifference.(介詞短語作狀語)[高考拆組訓(xùn)練]閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度(限時：35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·鄭州市第一次質(zhì)檢)TravelingtoEuropetoseeitsfamousmonumentsliketheEiffelTowerinParisandtheColosseum(古羅馬競技場)inRome,isnotexactlytheidealvacationforkids.Fortunately,Europehasmoretoofferthanlotsofoldchurchesandancienthistory.Youcanenjoysomefunwithyourkidsinthesunatsomeofthefamousbeachesofthecontinent.Mykonos,GreeceThecloseryougettotheequator,thelongerthebeachseasonis,andGreeceiswonderfulforthat.Youcanenjoybeautifulgreenwater,publicchairsandlovelyumbrellasatthebeachesinMykonos.Dubrovnik,CroatiaThere'snothingmoreattractivethanthebeautifulbeachesborderingDubrovnik,Croatia'smostbeautifulcity.It'ssurroundedbystonewallslikeacastle.Italmostmakesyoufeellikeyou'resuntanning(日光浴)atHogwarts,wheretheheroHarryPotterofthestoryistrained!Sicily,ItalyRabbitBeachontheislandofSicilyoffersshallowandcrystalclearwaters,makingitaperfectbeachforfamilieswithyoungchildren.Andifyouwanttoaddinteresttoyourexperience,trysnorkeling(徒手潛水)．Nice,FranceLinedwithpalmtreesandfirst-classhotels,thecityofNice,locatedontheFrenchRiviera,offersawholecoastlineofMediterraneanbeaches.Becausethey'reintheheartofthecity,thesebeachesattractalargecrowd.Soifyou'relookingforsomethingmoreprivate,you'llhavetotravelafewmilesoutsideofthecitycenter.Ribadeo,SpainAtlowtide,PlayadelasCatedralesinRibadeo,Spainistheperfectbeachtotakeinthenaturalwonderswithouturbanamusementslikerestaurants,barsorhugecrowds.Itboastsbeautifulwildflowersanduniquerockformationsmakingittrulyapictureworthy.語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了幾個適合孩子去度假的歐洲旅游勝地。1.WhatmakesDubrovniksospecial?A．Itissurroundedbystonewalls.B．Ithasthemostattractivecoastline.C．Ithasthelongestbeachseason.D．ItisthetrainingcenterofHarryPotter.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“There'snothingmoreattractive...It'ssurroundedbystonewallslikeacastle.”可知，克羅地亞的杜布羅夫尼克的特別之處就是它像城堡一樣被石墻圍繞。2．Ifyouplantogotoabeachinthecity,whereshouldyougo？A．Mykonos. B．Sicily.C．Nice. D．Ribadeo.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第二句“Becausethey'reintheheartofthecity,thesebeachesattractalargecrowd.”可知，選C。3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutRibadeo?A．Visitorscantrysnorkelingthere.B．Itoffersvisitorsfirst-classhotels.C．Ithasrestaurants,barsandhugecrowds.D．Visitorscanenjoyuniquerockformationsthere.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Itboastsbeautifulwildflowersanduniquerockformationsmakingittrulyapictureworthy.”可知，游客們可以欣賞到西班牙的里瓦德奧獨一無二的巖石構(gòu)造。4．Whatdoallthebeacheshaveinmon?A．Theyhavebeautifulwildflowers.B．TheyarefamousEuropeanbeaches.C．Theyarewell-knownfortheirgreenwater.D．Theyprovidevisitorswithurbanamusements.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段多處出現(xiàn)的Europe和“Youcanenjoysomefun...thecontinent.”可知，文章中介紹的所有景點都在歐洲，結(jié)合全文可知，這些景點都是海灘。B(2018·安徽省百所重點高中模擬)Ihadthehonourofbeingelectedchiefofmytribe(部落).Withthetitlecamegreatresponsibility.ItwasmyjobtomakepeacewiththeMaoriTamakitribe,whosevillagewevisited.Theirsoldiersjumpedfromacanoeandfacedusdownwithfiercecrying,stickingeyesandmuchnoiseofsticks.Theylaidapalmleafonthegroundand,ashead,Iwasforcedtoacceptthispeaceofferingbypickingitup,thentouchingnoseswiththeirchief.“Kiaora，”hesaid,welingusintothewoodlandhomeofhispeople.My“tribe”wasmyNewZealandcoachtourgroup,whohadforcedmeintobeingtheirleader.We'dbeenwarnedthattheceremonywasaseriousoccasionandthattolaughorevensmilewouldbeconsideredrudetotheTamaki.Afterthatitwasnon-stopfunastheydemonstratedtheirancientcustomsandIreceivedinstructioninperformingthehaka,thewardanceimmortalized(使不朽)bytheAllBlacksrugbyteam.Thentheypulledourdinneroflamb,beefandvegetablesoutoftheground.Ithadbeenslow-cookedintheheatjustbelowthesurfaceinthegeothermal(地?zé)岬?areaofNorthIsland,aMaoritraditionknownasahangithatgoesbackanextremelylongperiodoftime.Obviously,thisformofitisputonfortouristsbutitwashugelyenjoyable.Thejourneybacktothehotelwasaloneworththeeffort,ourelderMaoridriverbeingdeservingofhisowntelevisionshow.“Thewheelsonthebusgoroundandround，”hegotussinging,whilehecircuitedaroundaboutthreetimes.Acoupleofdaysfromtheendofourtrip,therewasstillsomethingmissing,aNewZealandiconIwantedtoseetomakemygrandtourplete.Ridingoveraridge,thereitwas—Aotearoa.TheMaorinameforNewZealandtranslatesas“thelandofthelongwhitecloud”.CanIsay“Kiaora,Aotearoa？”YoubetIcan.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了他去新西蘭旅游時接觸到的毛利文化。5．Howwerethevisitorsgreetedinthetribe?A．Thesoldiersmadeapalmleafroad.B．Thesoldierstouchedtheirnoses.C．Thesoldiersshooksticksfiercely.D．Thesoldiersmadenoisewithshuteyes.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theirsoldiersjumpedfromacanoeandfacedus...onthegroundand”可知，毛利部落的勇士們從獨木舟上跳下來，用狂熱的叫喊、瞪大的眼睛和巨大的棍棒晃動聲將作者一行人鎮(zhèn)住了，他們還在地面上放置一片棕櫚葉。這些都是毛利人對游客表示歡迎的方式。故選C。6．WhichreferstotheMaoricookingcustom?A．Kiaora. B．Haka.C．Hangi. D．Tamaki.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thentheypulledourdinneroflamb,beefandvegetables...aMaoritraditionknownasahangi”可知，在地下土爐中烹制食物是毛利飲食傳統(tǒng)，這被稱為hangi。7．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthedriver?A．Hewasgoodatsinging.B．Hemadethejourneymemorable.C．Hewasnotfamiliarwiththeroad.D．HeperformedwellonaTVshow.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Thejourneybacktothehotelwasaloneworththeeffort,ourelderMaoridriverbeingdeservingofhisowntelevisionshow...”可知，作者一行人的回賓館之旅讓他們難忘：有表演天賦的毛利老司機(jī)讓作者他們一路歡歌，故選B。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．AtasteofMaoricultureB．Hello,NewZealandC．ThehonourofbeingatribechiefD．ThebestofNewZealand解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。作者作為赴新西蘭的旅游團(tuán)的隊長，在旅游中有幸接觸毛利文化，這給作者留下了深刻的印象，故A項“體驗毛利文化”為最佳標(biāo)題。CIflivinginabigcitymakesyoufeelabitdown,there'sgoodnews:Abriefwalkinnaturecouldbeallittakestodriveawaythosenegativethoughts.Atleastthat'sthefindingofanewstudypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Severalotherstudieshavealsosuggestedthatthere'sjustsomethingaboutbeinginnaturethatcangiveourmoodsaboost(提升).Butithasn'tbeenexactlyclearwhat'sgoingoninourbrainswhenwe'reexposedtonaturalenvironments.Onepossibilityisthatnaturedecreases“rumination(反思)”，orpatternsofnegativethoughtsthatswirlinourheadsandseemtotakeover.Tofindoutifnaturehelpsusendthatcycleofnegativethoughts,Bratmanandhiscolleaguesrandomlyassigned38volunteerstotakea90-minutewalkineitheranaturaloranurbanarea.Beforeandafterthewalk,theparticipantsfilledoutaquestionnaireabouthowmuchtheywereruminating,andhadtheirbrainsscannedusingaformoffMRIthatmeasuresbloodflowinthebrainatrest.Thenaturewalkersreportedhavingfewernegativethoughtsaboutthemselvesafterthewalkthanbeforethewalk,whiletheurbanwalkersreportednochange.What'smore,fMRIbrainscansrevealedlessactivityinthesubgenualprefrontalcortex(SGPFC)ofthosewhowalkedinnature.SGPFCisabrainregion(區(qū)域)thatmayplayakeyroleinsomemooddisordersandhasbeenlinkedwithpatternsofnegativethought.Thosewhowentfortheurbanwalkdidnotshowanyofthesebenefits,thestudyfound.Atlast,wemayhaveapossibleexplanationforhowbeinginnaturemayimproveourmentalwell-being.Inaddition,thefindingssuggestthathavinggreenspacesandnaturalareasincitiesmaybeimportantformaintainingourmentalhealth.語篇解讀：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們在自然環(huán)境中散步可以改善心情。9．Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyshow?A．Takingawalkisreallybeneficial.B．Negativethoughtsaren'tthathardtoremove.C．Livingincitiesresultsinnegativethoughts.D．Walkinginnaturecontributestoabettermood.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Abriefwalkinnaturecouldbeallittakestodriveawaythosenegativethoughts.”可知，這個研究主要表明在自然環(huán)境中散步可以改善心情。10．WhentheactivitiesinSGPFCinourbrainsincrease,________.A．wetendtoenjoyagoodmoodB．wemaydevelopmorenegativethoughtsC．wemaywanttowalkmoreD．wetendtogetridofmooddisorders解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)在自然環(huán)境中散步可以改善心情以及第三段的“What'smore,fMRIbrainscansrevealedlessactivity...”可知大腦里這種物質(zhì)增加可能會讓我們有一些負(fù)面的想法。11．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Scientistshavesolvedadifficultmystery.B．Scientistshavefoundhowtomaintainmentalhealth.C．Scientistsfindmoretreesareneededincities.D．Scientistsfindaneasywaytoboostourmood.解析：選D主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，主要是講科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種可以很容易改善我們的心情的方法。D(2018·東北三省四市教研聯(lián)合體模擬)OnApril14th,2010,myentirelifechangedinaninstant.OnemomentIwasjoyfullyridingthroughthesunshine.Thenextmoment,metal,fleshandboneswerespreadingagainstthepavementinathunderouscrash.Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly,hadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoningtraffic.Asiftosymbolizetheaccidentthathadhitmylife,anotherdisasteralsooccurredonApril14th,2010.Itcosttheairlineindustry＄1.7billion.Tenmilliontravelerswerestuckfordays.Economicsallovertheworldweredisturbed.ThiswastheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull,oneofIceland'smanyvolcanoes.However,volcanoesarenotallbad.Infact,theyarenecessary.Theyareresponsibleforthebirthofnewearth,andforthecreationofrichsoil.Thiseruptiongaveoff0.15milliontonsofcarbondioxideintotheatmospheredaily.Butcancelling48%oftheworld'sflighttravelsavedabout2.8milliontonsofCO2fromenteringtheatmosphere,temporarilydecreasingourcarbonfootprint.Similarly,theaccidenthadbadlyaffectedmyemotionbutitalsoallowedmetolookmorecloselyinsidemyselfanddiscoverthingsaboutmyselfIwouldneverhaverealized.Ilearnedhownottojudgemyselfformynewlimitations.In1973,anotherIcelandicvolcano,Eldfell,brokeout.Icelandersdecidedtobombitwithcoldwateruntilitfrozeandchoseadifferentpath.Aftertheirplanworked,theyusedthegeothermal(地?zé)岬?energyforthenext15yearstoheattheirhomes.Agoodexampleoflifebringinglemons,andmakinglemonade!Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes,focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuture.IranfromApril14th,2010,toeverykindofescape.EventuallyIendedupinuniversityforanew-foundloveinEarthsciences.語篇解讀：作者把自己遭遇突發(fā)事件和火山爆發(fā)這種自然災(zāi)害進(jìn)行類比，說明遭遇到不幸也有好處，面對現(xiàn)實情況要樂觀積極。12．WhathappenedtothewriteronApril14th,2010?A．Hewasinvolvedinacarcrash.B．HewasstuckinanIceland'sairport.C．Hewitnessedavolcaniceruption.D．Hewasbadlyinjuredonabikeride.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thenextmoment,metal...crash.”和“Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly...oningtraffic.”可知，一個馬虎的騎自行車的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故，受傷嚴(yán)重，故D項正確。13．WhichwasaneffectoftheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull?A．Theeconomywascostgloballybytheeruption.B．Carbondioxideincreasedtemporarily.C．Mostoftheworld'splaneswereheldup.D．TheearthinIcelandwasterriblypolluted.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Economicsalloverth