2022年浙江省寧波市第十八高中高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期摸底試題含解析

2022年浙江省寧波市第十八高中高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期摸底試題含解析一、選擇題1.Agoodsalesmanmustbe________ifhewantstosucceed.A.aggressive

B.awesomeC.appointed

D.arbitrary參考答案：A【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：要做好推銷員一定要有闖勁才能成功。A.aggressive有進(jìn)取精神的，有干勁的，進(jìn)取的，有進(jìn)取心的；B.awesome可怕的；C.appointed指定的；D.arbitrary任意的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，做銷售一定要有闖勁，故選A。2.—HowdoesJaneputonsomuchweight?—Largequantitiesoffat____recently.A.areconsumed B.isbeingconsumed C.hasbeenconsumed D.havebeenconsumed參考答案：D【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：——Jane怎么長(zhǎng)這么胖？——最近吃了大量富含脂肪的食物。由recently判斷為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)fat和consume之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，“l(fā)argequantitiesof+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故用havebeenconsumed。故選D項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查關(guān)于quantity短語(yǔ)的主謂一致。quantity一般構(gòu)成連個(gè)短語(yǔ)aquantityof和quantitiesof，它們的用法如下：quantitiesof無(wú)論修飾可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)名詞、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.桌子上有許多食品(堅(jiān)果)。

aquantityof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);+不可數(shù)名詞、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。即修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞均可,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)采取就近一致的原則,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常與短語(yǔ)中of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。例如:Alargequantityofbeerwassoldout.大量的啤酒被售出。Alargequantityofblouseswereonsale.大量罩衫有售。3.—Whatsortoffrienddoyouwanttohave?Someonebeautiful?—Well，it

bebeautiful——that'snotimportant．A．mustn't

B．needn't

C．can't

D．won't參考答案：

B4.

wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.

A．It

B．This

C．What

D．As參考答案：C5.ComeinandsitdownandI

youwhatI'vefoundrecently．A．show

B．willshow

C．showed

D．wasshowing參考答案：B6.We’dbetterstayherealittlelonger

heturnsupunexpectedly.A.although B.incase C.since D.ifonly參考答案：B7.—HowgladIam.I’vefinallypassedthedrivingtest.

—

A．Congratulations.

B．Cheers.

C．Bestwishes.

D．Goodluck.參考答案：A8.—Wherehaveyoubeen?—Igotstuckintheheavytraffic,orI_____hereearlier.A.hadarrivedB.was

C.wouldcomeD.wouldhavebeen參考答案：D9.Goodsurroundingspeople

offormanyyears．Includingsafety,clearreadsandconvenientservices,willfinallycometrue．A．dream

B．havebeendreaming

C．dreamt

D．a(chǎn)redreamt參考答案：B10.—WheredidyougoonNationalDay?

—JiuzhaiValley.I______togotoFrance,buttheexpensewastoohigh.A.planned

B.wouldplan

C.haveplanned

D.hadplanned參考答案：D22.Thepresidentowedhissuccessnotto_____buttoself-educationandadrivingdesireforachievement.A.regulation

B.privilege

C.arrangement

D.procedure參考答案：B略12.—DidyouknowanyFrenchbeforeyouarrivedinWashington?

—Never______it,actually. A.hadIlearned

B.haveIlearned

C.Ilearned

D.wasIlearning參考答案：A13.Thediningroomiscleanandtidy,withatablealready______forabigmeal．

A.beinglaid

B．laying

C．tolay

D．laid參考答案：D略14._________goodTonyBlairdidforhiscountry----actuallyquitealot----istotallyovershadowedbycrimesinIraq.A.Whatever

B.Whichever

C.However

D.How參考答案：A略15.—I’mthinkingofthetesttomorrow.I’mafraidIcan’tpassthistime.—__________!I’msureyou’llmakeit.A.Takeiteasy

B.Nevermind

C.Takeyourtime

D.Noproblem參考答案：A考查交際用語(yǔ)takeiteasy放輕松，別擔(dān)心nevermind沒(méi)關(guān)系

takeyourtime慢慢來(lái)noproblem沒(méi)問(wèn)題。句意為--我在想明天的考試呢，我害怕我過(guò)不了。----別擔(dān)心，我相信你會(huì)成功的。16.Theoldwomanwho________inthedesertedhousealonefortenyearshasbeensettledinanursinghomenow.A.lived B.haslivedC.hadlived D.hasbeenliving參考答案：A【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：一個(gè)人住在廢棄的房子里達(dá)十年之久的那位老婦人現(xiàn)在在養(yǎng)老院定居。因?yàn)樽≡趶U棄的房子里發(fā)生在過(guò)去，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)，應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選A。B.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在還一個(gè)人，與語(yǔ)境不符；C.hadlived過(guò)去完成時(shí)，是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，沒(méi)有對(duì)比的時(shí)間；D.hasbeenliving現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行，一直到現(xiàn)在，不合語(yǔ)境。故選A。17.

——Do

youthinkyoucouldmanageityourself?——

.I’mnotafreshmananymore．A.

Takecare

B．Hurryup

C.Notexactly

D.Don’tworry參考答案：D二、新的題型18.It'severyparent'sworstnightmare.___16___.Nowscientistssaytheyhavefoundabetterwaytowakeupsleepingyoungsters.ResearchersintheUShavediscoveredthatplayingachildarecordingoftheirmother'svoiceisaboutthreetimesmorelikelytowakethemthanatraditionalalarm.Moreover,theycanescapemorequickly.DrGarySmith,aco－authoroftheresearchfromtheNationwideChildren'shospitalinOhioandhiscolleaguesreporthowtheycomparedtheeffectsoffourdifferentsmokealarmson176childrenagedbetween5and12yearsold.___17___.Whileonealarmfeaturedahigh－pitchedbeep,theotherthreefeaturedthevoiceofthechild'smothercallingeitherthechild'sname,givinginstructionssuchas:“Wakeup!Leavetheroom！”，orboth.Eachchildsleptinalab－basedroomthatresembledarealbedroom,andwasshownhowtoescapefromtheroombeforetheywenttobed.Theyeachexperiencedallfouralarms—theorderofwhichwaschosenrandomly.___18___.About90%ofchildrenwokeforavocalalarmcomparedwithjustover53%forthetraditionalalarm.Inaddition,thechildrenshookofftheirsleepfaster,withamedian(中位數(shù))valueoftwosecondsforthevoicealarmcomparedwithmorethantwoandahalfminutesforthetraditionalalarm.___19___．ProfNiamhNicDaéid,directoroftheLeverhulmeResearchCentreattheUniversityofDundee,saidtheresearchsupportedbyherteamfoundahumanvoicecombinedwithalow－frequencypulsingtonewasfarmoreeffectiveinwakingchildrenthanatraditionalhigh－pitchedalarm.___20___，whichmighthavemadethemmoreresponsivetoanalarm,whilemoreworkwasneededtoexplorewhetherotherfamiliarsounds,suchasadogbarking,mightalsoproveeffectiveinwakingupchildren.A.ButshenotedthatthelateststudyinvolvedchildrensleepinginalocationotherthantheirownbedroomB.ButshesaiditwasimportanttolookatdevelopingbetteralarmsC.NoneofthemhadhearingdifficultiesorweretakinganymedicationthataffectedtheirsleepD.Theresultsshowthatvoicealarmsappeartobemoreeffectivethanhigh－pitchedbeepsE.What'smore,itdoessofasterandislinkedtoaquickerescapeF.There'safireinthehouse;thealarmsarebeeping,butthechildrenareindeepsleepG.Similarly,escapetimeswerelongerinthecasesofthebeepingalarms參考答案：16.F

17.C

18.D

19.G

20.A本文屬于說(shuō)明文范疇，在文中作者介紹了父母應(yīng)該如何和處于青春叛逆期的孩子進(jìn)行溝通交流。作者認(rèn)為青春期的孩子獨(dú)立意識(shí)增強(qiáng)，建議家長(zhǎng)在和孩子談話時(shí)不要過(guò)于直接，而且孩子在不愿意講的時(shí)候，也不要一再地追問(wèn)?？傊谧鹬睾⒆拥幕A(chǔ)上家長(zhǎng)能夠和青春期的孩子保持良好的關(guān)系?！?6題詳解】上文提示“這是每個(gè)父母最糟糕的噩夢(mèng)?！背薪由衔模現(xiàn)項(xiàng)There'safireinthehouse;thealarmsarebeeping,butthechildrenareindeepsleep（房子里著火了;警報(bào)響了，但孩子們?nèi)栽谑焖?。）切題。故選F?！?7題詳解】上文提示“GarySmith博士和他的同事報(bào)告了他們是如何比較四種不同煙霧報(bào)警器對(duì)176名5到12歲兒童的影響的?！背薪由衔?，C項(xiàng)Noneofthemhadhearingdifficultiesorweretakinganymedicationthataffectedtheirsleep（他們都沒(méi)有聽(tīng)力障礙，也沒(méi)有服用任何影響睡眠的藥物。）切題。該項(xiàng)中的them指代的是上文中的between5and12yearsold，故選C?！?8題詳解】下文提示“大約90%的孩子醒來(lái)是為了發(fā)出聲音警報(bào)，而傳統(tǒng)的鬧鐘只有53%多一點(diǎn)。”承接下文，D項(xiàng)Theresultsshowthatvoicealarmsappeartobemoreeffectivethanhigh－pitchedbeeps（結(jié)果表明,聲音警報(bào)似乎比高音嗶嗶聲更有效。）切題。故選D?！?9題詳解】上文提示“此外，孩子們從睡眠中醒來(lái)的速度更快，語(yǔ)音鬧鐘的中值為2秒，而傳統(tǒng)鬧鐘的中值超過(guò)了2.5分鐘?！背薪由衔?，G項(xiàng)Similarly,escapetimeswerelongerinthecasesofthebeepingalarms（類似地，在蜂鳴聲警報(bào)的情況下，逃生時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。）切題。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后半句提示“這可能會(huì)使他們對(duì)警報(bào)反應(yīng)更靈敏，同時(shí)還需要做更多的工作來(lái)探索其他熟悉的聲音，比如狗叫聲，是否也能有效地喚醒孩子們。”承接后半句，A項(xiàng)Butshenotedthatthelateststudyinvolvedchildrensleepinginalocationotherthantheirownbedroom（但她指出，最新的研究涉及到孩子們睡在自己臥室以外的地方。）切題。后半句中的which指的是該項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故答案為A。三、閱讀理解19.Morethan20ChineseandAmericanexpertsdiscoveredthatyoungpeopleofbothcountriesarefacingthesameproblemsofeconomicandsocialpressureandthuslackofconfidence.

WayneMeisel,directoroftheCampusOutreachOpportunityLeagueofMinnesotaUniversity,saidthatundereconomicpressureAmericanyoungpeoplehavetoworkhardandmoststudentshavetotakepart-timeworkinordertosupportthemselves.

Inthesecircumstances,hesaid,youngpeoplelackconfidence,whichwasnotthecaseinthe1960swhenyoungpeoplethoughtthemselvescapableofdoinganything.InspiteofthedifferentconditionsinChina,LiXuequan,directorofthehighereducationsectionoftheAll-ChinaYouthFederation,saidChineseyoungpeoplearealsofacingeconomicpressureandareworriedaboutinflation(通貨膨脹)andcorruption（腐?。?

Inordertosolvetheseproblems,theChineseandAmericanexpertsagreedthatyouthorganizationshouldcallonthewholeofsocietytocreatefavourableconditionsforthehealthygrowthofyoungpeople,aswellastoencouragethemtomeettheurgentneedsofsociety.

Meiselsaidthatsincelastyearhehassentlettersof“challengetoyouth”tomanyyoungpeople,urgingthemtocommitthemselvestomeetingsuchneedsasfeedingthehungry,housingthehomeless,caringforthelonelyandsick,serv