2023-2024學(xué)年江蘇省南京市六校聯(lián)合體高一（下）期中英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2023-2024學(xué)年江蘇省南京市六校聯(lián)合體高一（下）期中英語試卷一、閱讀理解：本大題共15小題，共37.5分。AEveryonehasuniqueneedsandpreferences，andindividualsleeprequirementsarenodifferent.However，theamountofsleepyouneedpernightismainlydeterminedbyyourage.

Officialrecommendationsforthelengthofaperson'ssleeparebrokendownbyagegroup：

Olderadults（65+）：7–8hours

Adults（18–64years）：7–9hours

Teenagers（14–17years）：8–10hours

Schoolchildren（6–13years）：9–11hours

Preschoolers（3–5years）：10–13hours（includingnaps）

Toddlers（1–2years）：11–14hours（includingnaps）

Infants（4–12months）：12–15hours（includingnaps）

Newborns（0–3months）：14–17hours

However，somepeoplemightneedmoreorlesssleepthanisgenerallyrecommended，dependingonthefollowingfactors.

Geneticmakeup

Yourgeneticsareanimportantfactorinhowmanyhoursofsleepyouneedpernight.

Forexample，thosewithonespecificgeneticmutation（基因突變）needonlyaround6hours，whereaspeoplewithoutitrequireabout8hours，onaverage.

Sleepquality

Thequalityofyoursleepcanalsoaffecthowmuchyouneed.

Ifyoursleepqualityispoor，youmayfindthatyoustillfeeltiredaftergettingwhatshouldbeconsideredenough.

Therefore，it'snotonlyimportanttofocusonsleepinglongenoughbutalsoonsleepingwellenough.Ifyouoftenfeellikeyouaren'tsleepingwellorareextremelytiredanddon'tknowwhy，it'sagoodideatocheckinwithyourhealthcareprovider.1.Whatisthemainreasonfortheamountofsleepweneedpernight？______A.Sleepquality. B.Genetics.

C.Ourage. D.Oureatinghabits.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage？______A.Alltheschoolchildrenneedtosleepfor9to11hours.

B.Ifyoufeeltired，pleaseconsultyourhealthcareprovider.

C.Thosewithgeneticmutationonlyneedtosleeparound6hours.

D.Duetopoorsleepquality，youfeeltiredthoughyou'vesleptenough.3.Wheredoesthispassagemostprobablycomefrom？______A.Atravelbrochure. B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Afashionwebsite. D.Asportsnewspaper.BWhenmysonRyanwassixyearsoldandinfirstgrade，histeacher，Nancy，talkedtohisclassaboutdevelopingcountriesandhowtheycouldhelppeople，particularlychildren，inotherpartsoftheworld.Sheexplainedthatbesidesnothavingtoysorenoughfood，someofthemdidn'tevenhavecleanwater.ForthesechildrensittingintheircomfortableclassroominKemptville，Ontario，theideaofchildrennothavinganytoys，orenoughfoodorwater，hadahugeimpact.

Theprincipalhaddistributedalistthatshowedthecostsofbuyingsuppliesindevelopingcountries.Apennywouldbuyapencil，adollarahotmeal，twodollarsablanket.Seventydollarswouldbuyawell.WhenRyanheardpeoplediedbecausetheydidn'thavecleanwater，hewasdeeplyaffected.Hecamehomethatdayandinsistedheneededseventydollarsforclass.

MarkandIdiscussedit，thenexplainedtoRyanthatseventydollarswasalotofmoney.Ifhewasreallyinterestedindoingsomething，however，hecouldearnit.Hehappilyagreed，soweputanoldcookietinontopoftherefrigeratorandstartedgivinghimchores.Hedidchoresfortheneighboursandhisgrandparents，too.Afterfourmonths，Ryanwasnearinghisgoal.

InApril1998wewentforourmeetingwithWaterCan，aCanadiannonprofitorganizationprovidingcleanwatertopeopleindevelopingcountries.AndRyanbroughthiscookietinfullofmoney.Nicole，thedirector，andHelen，herassistant，thankedhimandtoldhimhowimportanthisdonationwas.Thentheytoldusitwouldcostalotmorethan＄70tobuildawell—infact，itwouldcost＄2，000.

Ryanwasn'tconcernedandrepliedsimply，"That'sokay.I'lljustdomorechores!"NewsaboutwhatRyanwasdoinggotout，andsoonweweregettingcallsfromthemedia.WhentheOttawaCitizendidastoryonRyan'swell，webegantoreceivedonationsatleastonceaweek.PeoplefromalloverwerecatchingRyan'sdreamandwereinspiredtogive.4.WhatinspiredRyantohelpkidsindevelopingcountries？______A.Parents'support. B.Ryan'swarmheart.

C.Theprincipal'slist. D.Nancy'sexplanation.5.WhatdidRyandecidetodotohelpthekids？______A.Heplannedtodonate＄70toacharity.

B.Heintendedtopayforawellforthekids.

C.Hedesiredtopurchasehotsmealsforthekids.

D.Hewantedtobuyblanketsandpencilsforthekids.6.WhathappenedaftertheOttawaCitizendidastoryonRyan'swell？______A.Donationswerereceivedonceamonth.

B.Peoplewereinspiredtogiveahelpinghand.

C.Ryandidmorechoresanddonatedmoremoney.

D.ThemediacalledRyanandhisfamilyfrequently.7.What'sthesuitabletitleforthepassage？______A.Ryan'sWellofLife B.AJointEffort

C.AWarm-heartedKid D.KidsinNeedCArtificialintelligence（AI）isshowingpromiseinearthquakeprediction，challengingthelong-heldbeliefthatitisimpossible.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas，Austin，havedevelopedanAIalgorithm（算法）thatcorrectlypredicted70%ofearthquakesaweekinadvanceduringatrialinChinaandprovidedaccuratestrengthcalculationsforthepredictedearthquakes.

Theresearchteambelievestheirmethodsucceededbecausetheystuckwitharelativelysimplemachinelearningapproach.TheAIwasprovidedwithasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam'sknowledgeofearthquakephysics，andtheninstructedtotrainitselfusingafive-yeardatabaseofearthquakerecordings.Oncetrained，theAIprovideditspredictionbylisteningforsignsofincomingearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings（隆隆聲）intheEarth.

ThisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchforAI-drivenearthquakeprediction."Youdon'tseeearthquakescoming，"explainsAlexandrosSavvaidis，aseniorresearchscientistwholeadstheTexasSeismologicalNetworkProgram（TexNet）."It'samatterofmilliseconds，andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowpreparedyouare.Evenwiththe70%accuracy，that'sahugeresultandcouldhelpminimizeeconomicandhumanlossesandhasthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide."

Whileitisunknownwhetherthesameapproachwillworkatotherlocations，theresearchersareconfidentthattheirAIalgorithmcouldproducemoreaccuratepredictionsifusedinareaswithreliableearthquaketrackingnetworks.ThenextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas，sinceUT'sBureauTexNethas300earthquakestationsandoversixyearsworthofcontinuousrecords，makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.

Eventually，theauthorshopetocombinethesystemwithphysics-basedmodels.Thisstrategycouldproveespeciallyimportantwheredataispoororlacking."Thatmaybealongwayoff，butmanyadvancessuchasthisone，takentogether，arewhatmovesscienceforward，"concludesScottTinker，thebureau'sdirector.8.HowdoestheAIpredictearthquakes？______A.Byidentifyingdatafromthesatellites.

B.ByanalyzingbackgroundsoundsintheEarth.

C.Bymodelingdatabasedonearthquakerecordings.

D.BymonitoringchangesintheEarth'smagneticfield.9.WhatdoesAlexandrosSavvaidisintendtoshowinparagraph3？______A.Thewaystoreducelossesinearthquakes.

B.Theimportanceofpreparingforearthquakes.

C.ThesignificanceofdevelopingtheAIprediction.

D.ThelimitationofAIalgorithmsinearthquakeprediction.10.Whatdoesthefollow-upresearchfocuson？______A.Conductingtestsindifferentlocations.

B.ApplyingtheAIapproachtootherfields.

C.BuildingmoreearthquakestationsinTexas.

D.Enlargingthedatabasetotrainthecalculationaccuracy.11.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheearthquake-predictingtechnology？______A.Stablebutoutdated. B.Effectivebutcostly.

C.Potentialandeconomical. D.Advancedandpromising.DArecentglobalstudy，whichsurveyed10，000youngpeoplefrom10countries，showedthatnearly60percentofthemwereextremelyworriedaboutthefuturestateoftheplanet.Thereportalsoshowedthatnearlyhalfoftherespondents（受訪者）saidthatsuchdistressaffectedthemdaily，andthree-quartersagreedwiththestatementthat"thefutureisfrightening."This，andmanyotherstudies，showclearlythatclimatechangeisnotjustathreattotheenvironment.Italsoposesaveryrealthreattoourmentalhealth.

Psychologistshaveclassifiedthesefeelingsofsadness，distress，andworryaboutthecurrentclimateemergencyaseco-anxiety.AccordingtotheClimatePsychologyAlliance，eco-anxietyisdefinedasthe"intensephysicalandmentaldiscomfortinresponsetodangerouschangesintheclimatesystem."

Eco-anxietydoesn'tjustaffectyoungpeople.Italsoaffectsresearcherswhoworkinclimateandecologicalscience，burdenedbytherealitydiscoveredintheirfindings，anditaffectsthepoorpeopleacrosstheglobe，whohopelesslybeartheharmfulimpactsofclimatebreakdown.

Inrecentyears，we'veseenwildfirestearthroughCanadaandGreece，andsummerfloodsdestroyregionsinPakistanthatarehometonearly33millionpeople.Studieshaveshownthatthoseimpactedbyairpollutionandrisingtemperaturesaremorelikelytoexperiencementaldistress.

Thecauseofthismentaldistressisabsolutelyexternal.AccordingtoCarolineHickman，aresearcheroneco-anxietyfromtheUniversityofBath，anyoneexperiencingtheseemotionsisdisplayingentirelynaturalandrationalreactionstotheclimatecrisis.Hersuggestion？Takeeco-anxietyasatoolforgood—asanemotionthatcanurgepeopletoactinprotectionofourplanet.

Thisiswhy，in2024，wewillalsoseemorepeoplearoundtheworldjointhefightforclimatejusticeandapplyforjobsthatseeksustainabledevelopment.Eco-anxietyisnotsomethingwewilldefeatwiththerapy—wewillsolveitbytakingaction.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"distress"inparagraph1mean？______A.Shock. B.Anxiety. C.Fear. D.Anger.13.Whatiseco-anxietyaccordingtotheClimatePsychologyAlliance？______A.Itisastrongreactiontothenaturaldisasters.

B.Itisakindofmentaldiseasefortheyoungpeople.

C.Itisaphysicalandmentaldiscomfortwhenwemeetdifficulties.

D.Itisastrongphysicalandmentaldiscomfortforthedangerousclimatechanges.14.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3？______A.Theprocessofeco-anxiety. B.Theimpactofeco-anxiety.

C.Thecausesofeco-anxiety. D.Thebenefitsofeco-anxiety.15.What'stheapproachtosolvingeco-anxietyaccordingtoCarolineHickman？______A.Defeatitwithatherapy.

B.Justwaitforagoodsolution.

C.Jointhefightforclimatejustice.

D.Useittourgepeopletoprotectourearth.二、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共12.5分。OnanArcticisland，anenormousvault（保險庫）hasbeenbuiltdeepunderground.Likeanybankvault，itholdstreasures.（1）______Thisvaultholdsseedsfromfoodcropsaroundtheworld.

TheSvalbardGlobalSeedVaultisinNorway.Itisaseedbank，aplacetostoreandprotectseeds.Morethan800thousanddifferentseedsamplesresthere.Allaredriedandkeptintemperature-andmoisture-controlledconditions.（2）______

Manynationshavetheirownseedbanks，too.Onemainpurposeistomakesurethatevenifcropsfail，therewillstillbeseedsforfarmerstoplant.

（3）______Lossofdiversitycancauseproblems.ThatwasmadeclearinIrelandinthe1840s.Peoplegrewandatejustonekindofpotato，whichhadnodefensewhenadiseasestruck.Thepotatocropsfailed，andonemillionpeoplediedasaresult.

Seedsholdinformationforscientists.（4）______Theymightgrowintoplantsthatcanresistpestsanddisease.Theymightgrowwhereotherplantscan't.Eventheseedsofaninvasiveplantlikekudzuaresavedinseedbanks.Perhapsscientistswillfindouttheirusesomeday.

Anationcommonlyhasmorethanoneseedbank.Still，abackupplanisagoodidea.Floods，fires，war，andotherdisasterscandestroystorehousesofpreciousseeds.（5）______Theseedscomefromallovertheworld，andtheybelongtoeveryone，notjustonenation.

A.Butyouwon'tfindpreciousjewelsormetalshere.

B.That'swhytheSvalbardGlobalSeedVaultwascreated.

C.Anothermainpurposeofseedbanksistoprotectdiversity.

D.Theseedsofplantsthatarenolongerfarmedmaybeuseful.

E.Theywillstillhaveseedstoplant，cropstogrow，andfoodtoeat.

F.TheSvalbardGlobalSeedVaultisnicknamedtheDoomsdayVault.

G.Thismeanstheairinthevaultstaysdryandthetemperatureisalwaysthesame.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大題共15小題，共15分。Asachild，I'dspententireafternoons（1）______newworldsinmymindandgivinglifeto（2）______inmystoriesIwishedcouldbemyfriends.I'dwrittenmyselfintomyfavoritestoriessoIcouldbepartofthem.Writingwasapartofme；itwaswhoIwas.

However，inhighschoolI（3）______withwriter'sblock.BythetimeIwasincollege，I'dstoppedwritingentirely，（4）______thedreamremained.Iwantedto（5）______anoveloneday.ItwasthenthatIreadaninterviewwiththeBelgianwriterAmélieNothomb.Shesaidshe'dgocrazyifshedidn'twrite；sheneededtodoittostay（6）______.Herwordsmademefeel（7）______.ShewastellingmethatIwasn'treallyawriter.

OrsoIthought.Itriedagain，anditwaslikefeelingthesunonmyskin，orhearingsnowlightlyfall.Ihadn'trealizedit，butIhadn'treallybeenhappyuntilI（8）______mypenagain.Writingwasinmybloodafterall.

Finally，half-hours（9）______towritingstretchedintohours.Before，IhadbeenupsetallthetimebecauseIdidn'tadvancemywritingprojects.Now，everydaywasastepforward，andIwas（10）______withit.

Oneday，Iwasreadingastoryinalibrary.（11）______，anideahitmethatIwantedtosubmit（提交）afewstories.Ididn'tdoitinthehopestheywouldgetpublished.

Andthen，something（12）______happened.ThefirststoryIsubmittedwaschosenforpublication!WhenIgotthee-mail，Iwaswildwithjoyand（13）______aroundmykitchentable.

Thatmoment（14）______methatImustkeepwriting—notbecauseI'llgo（15）______，butbecauseIwanttokeepbeingcrazilyhappylikethat.21.A.creating B.defending C.shocking D.changing22.A.species B.images C.residents D.characters23.A.argued B.disagreed C.armed D.struggled24.A.asif B.eventhough C.dueto D.sothat25.A.read B.buy C.donate D.publish26.A.connected B.quiet C.awake D.polite27.A.scared B.upset C.curious D.delighted28.A.pickedup B.pickedout C.brokeout D.brokedown29.A.contributed B.devoted C.led D.attached30.A.satisfied B.strict C.angry D.concerned31.A.Frequently B.Typically C.Suddenly D.Hopefully32.A.amazing B.ordinary C.difficult D.boring33.A.hung B.danced C.turned D.looked34.A.instructed B.directed C.informed D.taught35.A.crazy B.blank C.wrong D.bankrupt四、語法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。36.The（1）______（tradition）Chinesesolarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.The24solarterms，（2）______（determine）bychangesinthesun'spositioninthezodiacduringtheyear，werefirstusedinChinaandnowarefollowedinmanyotherpartsoftheworld.InChina，the24solarterms（3）______（create）thousandsofyearsagotoguideagriculturalproduction.

RainWaterthisyearstarts（4）______Feb19andendsonMar4.RainWater（5）______（signal）theincreaseinrainfallandriseintemperature.Withitsarrival，livelyspring-likescenerystartsblossoming.

RainWateris（6）______（common）regardedasthebesttimeoftheyeartoeatfreshbambooshoots.AndaccordingtotheBookofSongs，thecookingofbambooshootsinChinadatesbacktoover2，000yearsago.

Accordingto（7）______oldChinesesaying，therainfallinspringisaspreciousasoil.InnorthernChina，thespring（8）______（dry）iscommonandtherainfallofthisseasonisreallylow，（9）______accountsforonly10to15percentofannualaveragerainfall.Therefore，RainWaterisconsideredasakeyperiodforirrigation（灌溉）whenthedaygets（10）______（warm）andrainfallincreases.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達：本大題共2小題，共40分。37.本學(xué)期學(xué)校每周放兩天假，旨在讓學(xué)生平衡好學(xué)習(xí)和休息，可是返校后部分同學(xué)存在抄作業(yè)、課堂困倦等不良現(xiàn)象。請你以校學(xué)生會主席身份向全校同學(xué)寫一封英文倡議書，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）說明問題并分析原因；

（2）提出至少兩條建議并倡議營造濃厚學(xué)風(fēng)。

注意：

（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Dearfellowstudents，

_________

TheStudents'Union38.Edison，afive-year-oldboyhadaniceholidayontheBigIsland，Hawaiiwithhisparents.Thesunshoneonthegoldenbeach，andthesparklingseaunfoldedinfrontofthem.Therewerealargenumberofpeopleonvacation，andthehousesinthedistancewereneatlylinedup.AfterEdisonplayedforawhile，hesatonthebeach，enjoyingthebeautifultreesinthedistanceandlisteningtothecriesoftheseagulls.

However，havingrecentlyreturnedfromHawaii，theywereshockedbyaTVnews—adeadlywildfireonMauistealsHawaiians'homesandhistory.Scoresofbirdslaydeadontheground.Houseswereburnedtoruins，andcarsweredestroyed.

"Mum，dothekidshavenotoysorevenabed？"Edisonaskedsadly."WhatshallIdotohelpthem？"

"Willyoudonateyourpocketmoney？"Momasked.

"Sure，butthat'snotenough.Whataboutsettingupalemonadestandonthestreet？Ithinkpeoplearewillingtobuysomethingandgiveahelpinghand."

"Soundsgreat!Myboy."Dadagreed."Besidespinkandyellowlemonade，wecansellsandwiches，icecreams，candiesandsparkingwater（氣泡水）."

"Let'sstarttomakethesethings.Itwon'ttakelong."Edisonurgedhisparents.

Thenextfewhourssawthisfamilymakingsandwichesandlemonade，puttingallthestuffonastand，withaboardsaying"FoodandLemonadeforHawaii.Onedollarpercup."

"Willpeoplebuyourstuff？"Edisonwondered.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Soon，driversandpassers-bystoppedandmadegenerouspurchases._____

Thefamilydecidedtogotothedisaster-strickenislandandoffertheirtimeandefforts._____

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、D、B【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的However，theamountofsleepyouneedpernightismainlydeterminedbyyourage（然而，你每晚需要的睡眠時間主要取決于你的年齡），可知我們每晚需要多少睡眠的主要原因是我們的年齡，故選C。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sleepquality部分的第二段Ifyoursleepqualityispoor，youmayfindthatyoustillfeeltiredaftergettingwhatshouldbeconsideredenough（如果你的睡眠質(zhì)量很差，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)你在得到應(yīng)該被認為足夠的睡眠后仍然感到疲倦），可知由于睡眠質(zhì)量差，你雖然睡得夠了，但還是覺得很累，故選D。

（3）文章出處題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段的Everyonehasuniqueneedsandpreferences，andindividualsleeprequirementsarenodifferent.However，theamountofsleepyouneedpernightismainlydeterminedbyyourage（每個人都有獨特的需求和偏好，個人的睡眠需求也沒有什么不同。然而，你每晚需要的睡眠時間主要取決于你的年齡），可知本文主要介紹睡眠的問題，所以這篇文章最有可能來自健康雜志，故選B。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了與睡眠有關(guān)的幾方面的問題。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。4~7.【答案】D、B、B、A【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段henmysonRyanwassixyearsoldandinfirstgrade，histeacher，Nancy，talkedtohisclassaboutdevelopingcountriesandhowtheycouldhelppeople，particularlychildren，inotherpartsoftheworld.Sheexplainedthatbesidesnothavingtoysorenoughfood，someofthemdidn'tevenhavecleanwater.（當我的兒子瑞安六歲上一年級時，他的老師南希在班上講發(fā)展中國家，以及它們?nèi)绾螏椭澜缙渌貐^(qū)的人們，特別是兒童。她解釋說，除了沒有玩具和足夠的食物，他們中的一些人甚至沒有干凈的水。）以及第二段WhenRyanheardpeoplediedbecausetheydidn'thavecleanwater，hewasdeeplyaffected.Hecamehomethatdayandinsistedheneededseventydollarsforclass.（當瑞恩聽說有人因為沒有干凈的水而死亡時，他深受影響。那天他回到家，堅持說他需要70美元。）可知是Nancy的解釋激勵Ryan去幫助發(fā)展中國家的孩子。故選D。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Seventydollarswouldbuyawell.WhenRyanheardpeoplediedbecausetheydidn'thavecleanwater，hewasdeeplyaffected.Hecamehomethatdayandinsistedheneededseventydollarsforclass.（70美元可以買一口井。當瑞恩聽說有人因為沒有干凈的水而死亡時，他深受影響。那天他回到家，堅持說他需要70美元的學(xué)費。）可知Ryan決定出錢給孩子們打一口井。故選B。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段WhentheOttawaCitizendidastoryonRyan'swell，webegantoreceivedonationsatleastonceaweek.PeoplefromalloverwerecatchingRyan'sdreamandwereinspiredtogive（當《渥太華公民報》報道了瑞安的井后，我們開始每周至少收到一次捐款。來自世界各地的人們都在追隨瑞安的夢想，并受到鼓舞去捐贈。）可知《渥太華公民報》報道了瑞安的井之后人們受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。故選B。

（4）標題歸納題。閱讀全文可知本文主要講述了當瑞恩聽老師說有人因為沒有干凈的水而死亡時，他深受影響，他想幫助那些孩子們，給他們打一口井?！朵滋A公民報》報道了瑞安的井之后人們受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。所以"A.Ryan'sWellofLife瑞安的《生命之井》"為最佳標題。故選A。

本文是一篇新聞報道，當瑞恩聽老師說有人因為沒有干凈的水而死亡時，他深受影響，他想幫助那些孩子們，給他們打一口井。《渥太華公民報》報道了瑞安的井之后人們受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Oncetrained，theAIprovideditspredictionbylisteningforsignsofincomingearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings（隆隆聲）intheEarth.（經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練后，人工智能通過在地球上隆隆作響的背景中傾聽即將到來的地震的跡象來提供預(yù)測。）可知，人工智能通過分析地球上的背景聲音來預(yù)測地震。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段ThisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchforAI-drivenearthquakeprediction.（這項工作顯然是人工智能驅(qū)動地震預(yù)測研究的一個里程碑。）可知，AlexandrosSavvaidis打算在第3段中展示開發(fā)人工智能預(yù)測的重要性。故選C。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段ThenextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas，sinceUT'sBureauTexNethas300earthquakestationsandoversixyearsworthofcontinuousrecords，makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.（下一步是在得克薩斯州測試人工智能，因為UT的TexNet局有300個地震站和超過六年的連續(xù)記錄，使其成為實現(xiàn)這些目的的理想地點。）可知，后續(xù)研究的重點是在不同的地點進行測試。故選A。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Eventually，theauthorshopetocombinethesystemwithphysics-basedmodels.Thisstrategycouldproveespeciallyimportantwheredataispoororlacking."Thatmaybealongwayoff，butmanyadvancessuchasthisone，takentogether，arewhatmovesscienceforward，"concludesScottTinker，thebureau'sdirector.（最終，作者希望將該系統(tǒng)與基于物理的模型相結(jié)合。在數(shù)據(jù)較差或缺乏的情況下，這一策略可能會被證明特別重要。該局局長ScottTinker總結(jié)道："這可能還有很長的路要走，但像這樣的許多進步加在一起，才是推動科學(xué)進步的動力。"）可知，地震預(yù)報技術(shù)是先進的和有前途的。A.Stablebutoutdated穩(wěn)定的但過時的；B.Effectivebutcostly有效的但代價高昂的；C.Potentialandeconomical有潛力的和節(jié)約的；D.Advancedandpromising先進的和有前途的。故選D。

本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了一種利用人工智能預(yù)測地震的方法。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析。12~15.【答案】B、D、B、D【解析】（1）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段Arecentglobalstudy，whichsurveyed10，000youngpeoplefrom10countries，showedthatnearly60percentofthemwereextremelyworriedaboutthefuturestateoftheplanet.Thereportalsoshowedthatnearlyhalfoftherespondents（受訪者）saidthatsuchdistressaffectedthemdaily，andthree-quartersagreedwiththestatementthat"thefutureisfrightening."（最近的一項全球研究對來自10個國家的10000名年輕人進行了調(diào)查，結(jié)果顯示，近60%的年輕人對地球的未來狀況極為擔(dān)憂。報告還顯示，近一半的受訪者表示，這種焦慮每天都在影響他們，四分之三的人同意"未來令人恐懼"的說法）可知，distress意為"焦慮"。A.Shock沖擊；B.Anxiety焦慮；C.Fear恐懼；D.Anger憤怒。故選B。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段AccordingtotheClimatePsychologyAlliance，eco-anxietyisdefinedasthe"intensephysicalandmentaldiscomfortinresponsetodangerouschangesintheclimatesystem."（根據(jù)氣候心理學(xué)聯(lián)盟的說法，生態(tài)焦慮被定義為"對氣候系統(tǒng)危險變化的強烈身心不適"）可知，根據(jù)氣候心理學(xué)聯(lián)盟的說法，生態(tài)焦慮是對于危險的氣候變化來說，這是一種強烈的身心不適。故選D。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段Eco-anxietydoesn'tjustaffectyoungpeople.Italsoaffectsresearcherswhoworkinclimateandecologicalscience，burdenedbytherealitydiscoveredintheirfindings，anditaffectsthepoorpeopleacrosstheglobe，whohopelesslybeartheharmfulimpactsofclimatebreakdown.（生態(tài)焦慮不僅影響年輕人。它也影響到從事氣候和生態(tài)科學(xué)工作的研究人員，他們被研究結(jié)果中發(fā)現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)實所拖累，也影響到全球各地的窮人，他們無可救藥地承受著氣候崩潰的有害影響。）可知，第三段主要介紹了生態(tài)焦慮的影響。故選B。

（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Takeeco-anxietyasatoolforgood—asanemotionthatcanurgepeopletoactinprotectionofourplanet.（把生態(tài)焦慮作為一種有益的工具一種可以促使人們采取行動保護我們星球的情緒。）可知，卡羅琳??？寺J為，解決生態(tài)焦慮的方法是用它敦促人們保護我們的地球。故選D。

本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了現(xiàn)在很多人有生態(tài)焦慮，它的影響巨大，我們可以利用它敦促人們保護地球。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析。16~20.【答案】A、G、C、D、B【解析】（1）語境銜接題。根據(jù)上文OnanArcticisland，anenormousvault（保險庫）hasbeenbuiltdeepunderground.Likeanybankvault，itholdstreasures（在北極的一個島嶼上，一個巨大的保險庫建在地下深處。就像任何銀行金庫一樣，它儲藏著珍寶）以及下文Thisvaultholdsseedsfromfoodcropsaroundtheworld（這個金庫儲藏著世界各地糧食作物的種子），可知表示"但是你在這里找不到貴重的珠寶或金屬"的選項A可以承接上下文，介紹這個種子銀行和普通銀行存放的東西不同，故選A。

（2）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Allaredriedandkeptintemperature-andmoisture-controlledconditions（所有的都被干燥并保存在溫度和濕度控制的條件下），可知表示"這意味著地窖里的空氣保持干燥，溫度始終保持不變"的選項G可以承接上文，介紹這個地窖的條件，故選G。

（3）主題判斷題。根據(jù)下文Lossofdiversitycancauseproblems（多樣性的喪失會帶來問題），可知表示"種子銀行的另一個主要目的是保護多樣性"的選項C可以作為本段的主題句，介紹種子銀行保護多樣性的目的，故選C。

（4）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文Theymightgrowintoplantsthatcanresistpestsanddisease.Theymightgrowwhereotherplantscan't（它們可能會長成能夠抵抗病蟲害的植物。它們可以生長在其他植物不能生長的地方），可知表示"不再耕種的植物種子可能有用"的選項D符合語境，介紹不再耕種的植物種子的作用，故選D。

（5）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Floods，fires，war，andotherdisasterscandestroystorehousesofpreciousseeds（洪水、火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭和其他災(zāi)難會摧毀儲存珍貴種子的倉庫），可知表示"這就是為什么要建立斯瓦爾巴群島全球種子庫"的選項B可以承接上文，構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故選B。

這是一篇說明文，介紹了斯瓦爾巴群島全球種子庫的條件以及重要性。

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個選詞，一個選句子。解題時，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。21~35.【答案】A、D、D、B、D、C、B、A、B、A、C、A、B、D、A【解析】（1）考查動詞及語境理解。A.creating創(chuàng)造；B.defending防御；C.shocking使震驚；D.changing改變。句意：當我還是個孩子的時候，我花了整個下午的時間在我的腦海中創(chuàng)造新的世界，給我的故事中的人物賦予生命，我希望他們能成為我的朋友。根據(jù)上文"Asachild"以及"newworldsinmymind"可知，作者花了整個下午的時間在自己的腦海中創(chuàng)造新的世界。故選A項。

（2）考查名詞及語境理解。A.species物種；B.images印象；C.residents居民；D.characters人物。句意：當我還是個孩子的時候，我花了整個下午的時間在我的腦海中創(chuàng)造新的世界，給我的故事中的人物賦予生命，我希望他們能成為我的朋友。根據(jù)下文"inmystories"可知，作者給故事中的人物賦予生命。故選D項。

（3）考查動詞及語境理解。A.argued爭論；B.disagreed不同意；C.armed武裝；D.struggled掙扎。句意：然而，在高中的時候，我遇到了寫作瓶頸。根據(jù)上文"However，"可知，作者在寫作上遇到了瓶頸。故選D項。

（4）考查連接詞及語境理解。A.asif好像；B.eventhough即使；C.dueto由于；D.sothat以致于。句意：到我上大學(xué)的時候，我完全停止了寫作，盡管我的夢想還在。根據(jù)句意可知，前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B項。

（5）考查動詞及語境理解。A.read讀；B.buy買；C.donate捐贈；D.publish出版。句意：我想有一天出版一本小說。根據(jù)下文"getpublished"可知，作者想出版一本小說。故選D項。

（6）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.connected連接的；B.quiet安靜的；C.awake醒著的；D.polite禮貌的。句意：她需要這么做來保持清醒。根據(jù)上文"Shesaidshe'dgocrazyifshedidn'twrite"可知，寫作能讓她保持清醒，不寫作讓她瘋狂。故選C項。

（7）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.scared害怕的；B.upset心煩意亂的；C.curious好奇的；D.delighted高興的。句意：她的話使我心煩意亂。根據(jù)下文"ShewastellingmethatIwasn'treallyawriter."可知，作者心煩意亂。故選B項。

（8）考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.pickedup撿起；B.pickedout挑選出；C.brokeout爆發(fā)；D.brokedown崩潰。句意：我沒有意識到這一點，但直到我再次拿起筆，我才真正感到快樂。根據(jù)上文"happy"可知，再次拿起筆讓作者快樂。故選A項。

（9）考查動詞及語境理解。A.contributed促成；B.devoted投入（時間、精力等）；C.led引領(lǐng)；D.attached系上，貼上。句意：最后，花在寫作上的半小時變成了幾個小時。根據(jù)下文"stretchedintohours"可知，花在寫作上的半小時變成了幾個小時。故選B項。

（10）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.satisfied滿意的；B.strict嚴格的；C.angry憤怒的；D.concerned相關(guān)的。句意：現(xiàn)在，每一天都是向前邁進一步，我很滿意。根據(jù)上文"everydaywasastepforward"可知，每一天都是向前邁進一步，作者很滿意。故選A項。

（11）考查副詞及語境理解。A.Frequently頻繁地；B.Typically典型地；C.Suddenly突然地；D.Hopefully有希望地。句意：突然，我有了一個想法，我想提交一些故事。根據(jù)上文"Oneday，Iwasreadingastoryinalibrary"以及"wantedtosubmit（提交）afewstories"可知，突然，作者有了一個想法。故選C項。

（12）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.amazing神奇的；B.ordinary普通的；C.difficult困難的；D.boring令人厭煩的。句意：然后，神奇的事情發(fā)生了。根據(jù)下文"ThefirststoryIsubmittedwaschosenforpublication!"可知，一個突然的想法導(dǎo)致了自己的作品出版了，所以神奇的事情發(fā)生了。故選A項。

（13）考查動詞及語境理解。A.hung懸掛；B.danced跳舞；C.turned轉(zhuǎn)向；D.looked看。句意：當我收到這封電子郵件時，我欣喜若狂，圍著廚房的桌子跳舞。根據(jù)上文"Iwaswildwithjoy"可知，作者圍著廚房的桌子跳舞。故選B項。

（14）考查動詞及語境理解。A.instructed指示；B.directed給……指路；C.informed告知；D.taught教授。句意：那一刻教會了我，我必須繼續(xù)寫作——不是因為我會發(fā)瘋，而是因為我想保持那種瘋狂的快樂。根據(jù)語境可知，作者的作品出版了，所以那一刻教會了作者必須繼續(xù)寫作。故選D項。

（15）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.crazy瘋狂的；B.blank空白的；C.wrong錯誤的；D.bankrupt破產(chǎn)的。句意：那一刻教會了我，我必須繼續(xù)寫作——不是因為我會發(fā)瘋，而是因為我想保持那種瘋狂的快樂。根據(jù)下文"beingcrazily"可知，不是因為作者會發(fā)瘋，而是因為作者想保持那種瘋狂的快樂。故選A項。

這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者寫作的過程。

完形填空題的解題步驟：

1.通讀全文，理解大意。重視首句信息，跳過空格，瀏覽全文，從整體上感