Unit1SectionAGrammarFocus4c課件人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

人教版英語(yǔ)Unit1What’sthematter?SectionAGrammarFocus-3cLearningobjectives1.認(rèn)讀、識(shí)記、理解、使用有關(guān)身體健康與急救話題的單詞、習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)和固定搭配。2.能夠使用What’sthematter?等表達(dá)詢問疾病和事故傷害并正確應(yīng)答。3.能運(yùn)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should和shouldn’t就健康與安全問題提出合理建議。4.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生樹立頑強(qiáng)的意志品質(zhì)和果敢獨(dú)立的精神，樂于助人、熱愛生活、珍惜生命。Pleasesaythebodypartsquickly.hair/headeyeeartoothfacemouthneckarmhandlegfootfeetstomachbackteethChallengeAskandanswer.—What’sthematterwithhim?—Hehasatoothache.—HeshouldseeadentistandgetanX-ray.—Whatshouldhedo?Lead-inAskandanswer.—Doeshehaveafever?—Yes,hedoes.—Yes,heshould.—Shouldhetakehistemperature?Lead-in—Shouldhegoouttoplay?—No,heshouldn't.Healthproblemshavea/an/the

+疾病haveafeverhaveacoldhaveacoughhavethefluhaveaheadachehaveatoothachehaveastomachachehaveanearachehaveasorethroathaveasorebackhavea/an+“身體部位+ache”haveasore

+身體部位Waystotalkaboutillnesses!________________?怎么了？Ihavea____________.我胃疼。You_________eatsomuchnexttime.你下次不該吃那么多。根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)意思把句子補(bǔ)充完整。What’sthematterstomachacheshouldn’tWhat’sthematterwithBen?本怎么了？He___________.He_____________.他傷了自己。他背疼。Heshould_______________.他應(yīng)該躺下休息。hasasorebackliedownandresthurthimselfDoyou____________?你發(fā)燒了嗎？Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t./Idon’tknow.是的。/不，我沒有。/我不知道。haveafeverDoeshe_______________?他牙痛嗎？Yes,hedoes.是的。Heshould__________andgetanX-ray.他應(yīng)該去看牙醫(yī)，做X光檢查。haveatoothacheseeadentist_________________?她應(yīng)該怎么做？Sheshouldtakehertemperature.她應(yīng)該量一下體溫。________Iputsomemedicineonit?我應(yīng)該先用些藥嗎？_____________.是的，你應(yīng)該。_______________.不，你不應(yīng)該。WhatshouldshedoShouldYes,youshouldNo,youshouldn’tWhat’sthematter?Ihaveastomachache.Youshouldn’teatsomuchnexttime.What’sthematterwithBen?Hehurthimself.Hehasasoreback.Heshouldliedownandrest.Doyouhaveafever?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t./Idon’tknow.Doeshehaveatoothache?Yes,hedoes.HeshouldseeadentistandgetanX-ray.Whatshouldshedo?Sheshouldtakehertemperature.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit?Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn’t.你怎么了？我胃痛。下次你不應(yīng)該吃那么多。Ben怎么了？他傷著自己了。他背痛。他應(yīng)該躺下休息。你發(fā)燒嗎？是的，我發(fā)燒。不，我不發(fā)燒。我不知道。他牙痛嗎？是的，他牙痛。他應(yīng)該去看牙醫(yī)，并做一個(gè)X光檢查。她該怎么辦？她應(yīng)該量體溫。我應(yīng)該給它上藥嗎？是的，你應(yīng)該。不，你不應(yīng)該。AskHealthproblemsAdviceAskabouthealthproblems011.What’sthematter(with…)?2.What’sthetrouble(with…)?3.What’swrong(with…)?4.Whathappened(to…)?5.What’sup?5.Isthereanythingwrong(with…)?6.Doyouhavea(n)+疾病名稱?詢問疾病，不適及突發(fā)狀況Askabouthealthproblems1.What’sthematter(with…)?2.What’swrong(with…)?3.What’sthetrouble(with…)?4.Whathappened(to…)?5.Isthereanythingwrong(with…)?6.Doyouhavea(n)+疾病名稱?7.Didyoucatch/get…?What'sthematter?Ihaveastomachache.Youshouldn'teatsomuchnexttime.What'sthematterwithBen?Hehurthimself.Hehasasoreback.Heshouldliedownandrest.Doyouhaveafever?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't./Idon'tknow.Doeshehaveatoothache?Yes,hedoes.HeshouldseeadentistandgetanX-ray.Whatshouldshedo?Sheshouldtakehertemperature.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit?Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn't.GrammarFocus本單元中have表示“患病”的意思。

在英語(yǔ)中，表示“患病或者不舒服”的常用結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）主語(yǔ)+have/geta(n)+疾病名稱(have更常見).

某些搭配中還會(huì)使用catch，如catchacold等。（2）主語(yǔ)+have/has+a(n)+身體部位-ache

e.g.headache/toothache/stomachache/backache

（3）主語(yǔ)+have/has+a(n)+sore+身體部位(s)

eg.haveasoreback/throat/havesoreeyes/havesore

legs

e.g.haveacold

haveafeverhaveacough02Expresshealthproblems（4）主語(yǔ)+

hurtone’s+部位

e.g.Hehurtshisleg/arm/knee.（5）Thereissomethingwrongwithone’s+部位.

某人某部位不舒服/出了毛病。

e.g.Thereissomethingwrongwithmyneck.1.表示患?。篽ave/get+a/an/the＋疾病名稱haveacold患感冒,getatoothache牙痛,haveasoreback背痛，havetheflu患流感

2.表示不適：be/feel+形容詞

be/feeltired感覺累,be/feelsick感覺惡心,headfeelshot頭感覺熱3.表示受傷：get+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式

gethurt受傷,getcutinthehand手被割傷了,gethitbyacar被車撞了4.表示傷害：hurt/cut/break+身體部位；hurt/cutoneself

hurtmyleg傷了我的腿,cutherfinger切了她的手指,breakhisarm折斷他的手臂,hurtherself傷害她自己GrammarFocus二、表示疾病、傷害句型1.作“有”講。如：

Ihaveabag.

我有一個(gè)包。

Idon'thaveapencilbox.

我沒有一個(gè)鉛筆盒。

Hehasaredcup.

他有一個(gè)紅杯子。

Shedoesn'thaveabluesweater.她沒有藍(lán)色的毛衣。2.作“吃、喝”講。如：

They

havebreakfast

at7:30everymorning.(吃早飯)

Mygrandafatherliketo

havetea

afterdinner.(喝茶)

Doyouwantto

haveabiscuit?(吃塊餅干)

Theweatheriskillingme,Ireallywantto

haveadrink.(喝點(diǎn)水)

3.固定短語(yǔ)

haveatryhavealookhaveapartyhaveapicnic觀察與思考讀下面四個(gè)句子，總結(jié)出have的用法1.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞have/has的用法have/hasIhaveabag.Hehasnoodlesforbreakfast.Ihaveabadcold.Theyhavealookatthepicture.擁有havebreakfasthaveteahaveabiscuithaveadrink固定搭配haveatry患病haveafever1.take/get(take更常見）...takeone’stemperature量體溫,takesomemedicine吃藥,take/getanX-ray拍X光片

2.see…/goto…seea/thedentist/doctor看醫(yī)生/牙醫(yī),goto(the)hospital去醫(yī)院3.用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should(應(yīng)該)/hadbetter(最好)表達(dá)建議。Youshouldliedownandhavearest.你應(yīng)該躺下休息。

He’dbettergotoadoctor.你最好去看醫(yī)生。GrammarFocus三、表示診治、就醫(yī)、建議句型情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以用來(lái)表示“提議”、“建議”或“請(qǐng)求”等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should作“應(yīng)該；應(yīng)當(dāng)；可以”講，用以表達(dá)職責(zé)和義務(wù)、提出勸告，而且表述的是自己的主觀看法，其后接動(dòng)詞原形。should的否定形式是shouldnot/shouldn’t,意思是“不應(yīng)當(dāng)；不該”。GrammarFocusHowtogive

advice?You/He/She

shouldnot/shoudn’tstayuplate.eattoomuch.eatcold/spicy/junkfood.goouttodoexercise.…drinkmorewater.liedownandrest.takeone'stemperature.takesomemedicine.getanx-ray.…You/He/SheshouldGrammarGiveadviceYou/He/Sheshouldtakeone’stemperature.drinkmorehotwater.liedownandrest.seethedentist/doctor/gotoadoctor.getanX-ray..takesomemedicine.Readthefollowingsentencesandfindoutthe

thegrammar.What’sthematter?Ihaveastomachache.Youshouldn’teatsomuchnexttime.What’sthematterwithBen?Hehurthimself.Hehasasoreback.Heshouldliedownandrest.Doyouhaveafever?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t./Idon’tknow.Doeshehaveatoothache?Yes,hedoes.HeshouldseeadentistandgetanX-ray.Whatshouldshedo?Sheshouldtakehertemperature.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit?Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn’t.GrammarFocusGrammarfocus1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法2.反身代詞的用法What'sthematter?Ihaveastomachache.Youshouldn'teatsomuchnexttime.What'sthematterwithBen?Hehurthimself.Hehasasoreback.Heshouldliedownandrest.Doyouhaveafever?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't./Idon'tknow.Doeshehaveatoothache?Yes,hedoes.HeshouldseeadentistandgetanX-ray.Whatshouldshedo?Sheshouldtakehertemperature.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit?Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn't.GrammarFocusshould無(wú)人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)量的變化情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形！1.意為“應(yīng)該；應(yīng)當(dāng)”2.后接動(dòng)詞原形3.沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化（沒有單三）should否定句：主語(yǔ)+shouldn't+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。一般疑問句：Should+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+should.否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+shouldn't.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+should+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？肯定句：主語(yǔ)+should+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。語(yǔ)法概述句型GrammarFocus四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法【觀察】1.Heshouldliedown

andrest.

2.Sheshouldtake

hertemperature.3.Youshouldn'teat

somuchnexttime.4.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit?5.Whatshouldshedo?

【小結(jié)】這些句子的共同點(diǎn)：都含有一個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞_______，意為“________”。后面接__________。并且_______人稱和數(shù)的變化。否定形式為____________________。

用于提出

勸告別人。

should應(yīng)該動(dòng)詞原形沒有shouldnot/shouldn’t情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法建議ExerciseHeshouldhavearest

athome.1.否定句：Heshouldn'thavearest.2.一般疑問句：Shouldhehavearest?3.對(duì)劃線部分①提問：Whatshouldhedo?①②GrammarFocus五、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的功能1.表示征詢意見和提出建議ShouldIputthebaghere?我應(yīng)該把包放在這里嗎？2.表示推測(cè)Samshouldbeinthelibrary.薩姆應(yīng)該在圖書館。3.表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任Policeshouldprotectthecountry.警察應(yīng)該保護(hù)國(guó)家。4.表示憤怒或驚奇等，常用于疑問句或感嘆句中。Whyshouldhedothat?Ican'tbelieveit!他為何做那種事情?難以置信！情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的句式結(jié)構(gòu)1.肯定句：_______________________2.否定句：______________________3.一般疑問句：_____________________________________________4.特殊疑問句：_____________________________主語(yǔ)+should+V原+其它.主語(yǔ)+shouldn't+V原+其它.Should+主語(yǔ)+V原+其它?—Yes,主語(yǔ)+should./—No,主語(yǔ)+shouldn't.

特殊疑問詞+should+主語(yǔ)+V原+其它?Weshould

offeraseattotheold.We

shouldn’tlietoothers.ShouldItakeanumbrellawithme?Whatshouldwedotohelpher?We

______________

hard.1.表示提出意見或建議。如：你應(yīng)該多吃蔬菜和水果，不應(yīng)該吃太多的垃圾食品。You_____________morevegetablesandfruit.You_____________toomuchjunkfood.2.表示義務(wù)和責(zé)任。如：我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。3.表示推測(cè)和可能性。如：他應(yīng)該知道真相。He_______knowthefact.4.用于主語(yǔ)為第一人稱的疑問句中,表征詢意見。should

eatshouldn’t

eatshould

studyshould如：我們應(yīng)該告訴她這件事嗎?_______wetellheraboutit?Should3、should的用法GrammarFocus六、反身代詞的用法1.概念：表示反身/強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞，譯為“本人/本身/親自/自己”以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣2.構(gòu)成：第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myself我自己yourself你自己

himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己復(fù)數(shù)ourselves我們自己yourselves你們自己themselves他（她、它）們自己特例：不定代詞one：oneself第一、二人稱的反身代詞：形物代+加self/selves;第三人稱的反身代詞:賓格+self/selves。表示反射或強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞叫做反身代詞?？勺g為“本人”、“本身”，也常譯為“親自”、“自己”

。其形式如下表：概念

人稱數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)

復(fù)數(shù)

myselfyourself

himselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselves

themselves反身代詞的構(gòu)成myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves1、第一、二人稱的反身代詞是由形容詞性物主代詞加上-self或-selves構(gòu)成的。2、第三人稱的反身代詞是由人稱代詞的賓格加上-self或-selves構(gòu)成的。(all)byoneself獨(dú)自，單獨(dú)enjoyoneself玩得高興；過得愉快foroneself親自；為自己dressoneself給自己穿衣服helponeselfto…隨便吃/用……teachoneself自學(xué)loseoneselfin沉浸于hurtoneself傷著自己GrammarFocus七、常見反身代詞的固定短語(yǔ)常見的搭配照顧自己

lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself自學(xué)

teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself玩得高興,過得愉快

enjoyoneself請(qǐng)自用……（隨便吃/喝些……）helponeselftosth.介紹自己introduceoneself沉浸于，陶醉于......之中l(wèi)oseoneself1.

—Whotaughtyoutoplaytheguitar?

—Nobody.Ilearneditby____________.

2.

Mybabybrotherenjoyed____________playingwithhisownfeet.3.

Theytoldustheycouldlookafter___________verywellduring

thesummercamp.

4.

Boysandgirls,help______________tosomefruit.

5.

Dave____________playedbasketballontheplaygroundjustnow.Nooneplayeditwithhim.

Practice:Reflexivepronounsmyselfhimselfthemselvesyourselveshimself1.A:Ihurt______________________________whenIplayedbasketballyesterday.What_______Ido?B:You_______seeadoctorandgetanX-ray.2.A:_______thematter?B:MysisterandI_______sorethroats._______wegotoschool?A:No,you_________.3.A:_______Mike_______afever?B:No,he_______.He_______astomachache.A:He_______drinksomehottea.myself/myarm/myleg/mybackFillintheblanksandpracticetheconversations.4ashouldshouldWhat’shaveShouldshouldn’tDoeshavedoesn’thasshouldExerciseCirclethebestadviceforthesehealthproblems.Thenaddyourownadvice.3.MaryandSuehavecolds.Theyshouldn’t(sleep/exercise).Myadvice:____________________________4.Bobhasasoreback.Heshould(liedownandrest/takehistemperature).Myadvice:_____________________________1.Jennycutherself. Sheshould(getanX-ray/putsomemedicineonthecut).Myadvice:__________________________________2.Katehasatoothache.Sheshould(seeadentist/getsomesleep).Myadvice:________________