Unit5Ontheroad詞匯導(dǎo)學(xué)案-高一英語

Unit5詞匯學(xué)案1.destination：de(向下)+stin(stand站)，下一個立足點，即目的地詞塊：reachone’sdestination,aholiday/touristdestination2.gallery：詞塊：anartgallery3.quest：詞塊：thequestforknowledge4.quit：意為“離開”“停止”時是非正式用語(對應(yīng)leave)詞塊：quitajob,quitschool,quit(doing)sth過去式、過去分詞：quit/quitted,quit/quitted5.profession：詞塊：byprofession詞族：profession,professional,professionallyprevious：pre(before在前)+via(road路)→在路上走在前面→先前的；派生詞previously詞塊：previousto7.route：詞塊：take/followaroute,abusroute8.aboard：=onboard詞源：a(on在……上)+board(木板)。古代小船基本上就是由幾塊木板構(gòu)成，所以board也可表示“木船”，aboard就是“在船上”。后來，隨著交通工具的發(fā)展，aboard的詞義也隨之?dāng)U展，可以表示“在火車上”“在飛機(jī)上”等。詞塊：WeleaboardFlight…Allaboard!9.landscape：land(land土地)+scap(e)(condition狀況)→“土地的狀況”，原用于繪畫術(shù)語指自然風(fēng)景畫，后表示風(fēng)景。10.dramatic：drama+tic；詞族：drama,dramatic,dramatically,dramatist詞塊：adramaticincreasehike：詞塊：gohiking；派生詞：hiker12.volcano：派生詞：volcanic13.visa：來自詞根vis(tosee看)，看過的文件→簽證同根詞：visible(必修一U2)14.budget：詞源：budget的詞源義是“小錢包”，后來泛指任何尺寸的錢包，尤其是皮錢包。在過去，英國財政大臣到議會提請審批財政預(yù)算時，通常先將預(yù)算材料裝在皮包中，到議會時再把材料從皮包中掏出來。所以“openthebudget”（打開皮包拿出預(yù)算材料）表示“提出預(yù)算”。后來，budget的詞義就從“裝預(yù)算材料的皮包”演變到了“預(yù)算”。詞塊：onbudget15.chain：一詞多義，基本義“鏈條”隱喻：具體的金屬“鏈條”→抽象事物的“一連串”和商業(yè)上的“連鎖店”16.transfer：trans(intoanotherplace)+fer(tocarry帶)→帶到另一個地方→轉(zhuǎn)移→轉(zhuǎn)換另一種交通工具→換乘17.luggage：不可數(shù)名詞，詞塊：apieceofluggage18.currency：來自current；詞塊：foreigncurrency19.credit：詞源：來自詞根cred(believe,trust相信、信任)incredible詞塊：creditcard；熟詞生義“學(xué)分”20.cash：詞塊：incash；派生詞：cashier21.flight：flight是個同形異義詞：意為“飛行”時，和動詞fly同源；意為“一段樓梯”時，來源于法語另外一個詞；意為“逃跑”時，和英語flee同源。詞塊：along/shortflight,book/catch/missaflight22.remote：re(back向后)+mot(tomove移動)+e→向后移動，越來越遠(yuǎn)→遙遠(yuǎn)的； 同根詞：motor詞塊：aremotevillage,aremotecontrol23.engage：en(tomake使)+gage(pledge加入)基本義為“使加入”詞塊：engagein；派生詞：engaged,engagement24.café：法語詞，既可以寫作café，也可以寫作cafe25.soccer：英式足球：football；詞塊：playsoccer/football26.continent：詞塊：theAsian/African/Americancontinent27.vehicle：正式用語隱喻：具體的“車輛”→抽象的“手段/工具”28.deer：單復(fù)數(shù)同形29.mass：詞塊：amassof/massesof=alotof/lotsof,massproduction,massmediaquitquit(quit/quitted,quit/quitted)①［非正式用語］離開（工作、學(xué)校等）：quitajob/quitschool②［非正式用語］停止；戒除：Hedidn’tquit,andhebecameagreatpianist.quitdoingsth:Myfatherhasquitsmokingatlast.③關(guān)閉/退出（計算機(jī)程序等）professionn[C]職業(yè)；行業(yè)：Asoftwareengineerbyprofession,Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano.Shewasattheverytopofherprofession.【溫故】professional(必修一U3)①adj職業(yè)的；專業(yè)的：aprofessionaltennisplayerHedealtwiththeprobleminahighlyprofessionalway.②n[C]專業(yè)人士；職業(yè)選手：Therewillbeariseinthedemandforhealthcareprofessionals.【知新】professionalismn[U]專業(yè)水準(zhǔn)；專業(yè)素質(zhì)；職業(yè)化辨析work,career,profession,tradework指工作、職業(yè)。ThoughIhadalotofexperienceandaMaster’sdegree,Icouldnotfindsatisfyingwork.vareer指生涯、職業(yè)。Thescandal（丑聞）destroyedhiscareerasafession指需要專門技能（尤其是較高教育水平）的職業(yè)、專業(yè)。Whenhegraduatedfromcollege,hewantedtoenterthemedicalprofession.trade指行業(yè)，尤指手工職業(yè)、工藝、行當(dāng)。Helearnedhistradeasacarpenterinthenorth.Manyteachersarethinkingaboutleavingtheprofessionformorehighlypaidcareers.chainn.①[C]&[U]鏈子；鏈條；鎖鏈：abicyclechain/thefoodchainTheprisonersareinchains.②[C]一系列；一連串：achainofevents/accidents/thoughts/misfortunesachainreaction③[C]連鎖店(chainstore)；連鎖集團(tuán)：asupermarketchainvt用鏈拴住；束縛：Chainthehorsetothetree.creditn.①[U]信用；信譽(yù)：gain/losecreditItisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyourcredit.②[U]賒賬；信貸：Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryoupayincashorbycreditcardinthisstore.Mostnewcarsareboughtoncredit.③[C]&[U]存款額：I’llputa300dollarcreditonyouraccount.④[U]贊揚(yáng)；功勞：Ican’ttakeallthecreditfortheshow’ssuccess—itwasateameffort.TheynevergivemeanycreditforalltheextraworkIdo.⑤[C]學(xué)分：Idon’thaveenoughcreditstograduate.tosb’scredit為某人增光；值得贊揚(yáng)：Totheircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas,buttheystillhaveverydifferentinstitutions.[不用于進(jìn)行時]認(rèn)為是……的功勞；把……歸功于：Thepanyiscreditedwithinventingtheindustrialrobot.Muchoftheteam’ssuccesscanbecreditedtotheirmanager.flightn①[U]飛翔；飛行：abirdinflightFlightisnaturaltobirds.②[C]班機(jī)；航班；空中旅行：book/catch/missaflightalong/shortflight③[U]逃跑；逃避：Whenthealarmsounded,therobberstookflightinahurry.④[C](樓梯等的)一段：aflightofstairs/stepsengage表示“參加；參與”的詞塊有哪些？joinintakepartinparticipateinbeinvolvedin/involveoneselfinengagein/engageoneselfinengagev[正式用語]①vt&vi(使)參加；(使)參與：engagesbinconversationOnly10%ofAmericanadultsengageinregularexercise.TheProgramaimstoencouragestudentstoengagethemselvesinmakingadifferenceinsociety.②vt吸引(住)：engagesb’sinterest/attentionIt’samoviethatengagesboththemindandtheeye.③vt雇用；聘請：engagelocalpeopleasvolunteersHerfatherengagedatutortoimprovehermaths.【詞匯拓展】engagedadj①[正式用語]忙于；從事于：Iwastotallyengagedinmystudyandseldompaidattentiontomymother’sfeelings.Ican’tetodinneronTuesday—I’motherwiseengaged.②已訂婚的：ShewasengagedtoPeter.③被占用的；使用中的：Sherangafriendbutthelinewasengaged.engagementn[C]訂婚；約定；(與……的)親密關(guān)系：ShehasbrokenoffherengagementtoCharles.Ifweinvestlittletimeinaperson,ourengagementwiththatpersonwilldecline.massn[C]①團(tuán)；塊；堆：amassofrockslargemassesofclouds②許多；大量：amassof/massesof:I’vegotamassofthingstodothismorning.WherevertheBeatleswent,massesoffanswouldwelethemattheairport.③[themasses]群眾；民眾：Thetrainsprovidecheaptravelforthemasses.④[U](物理學(xué))質(zhì)量adj[只用于名詞前]民眾的；大規(guī)模的：amassprotestmassproduction【詞匯拓展】massiveadj巨大的；大而重的；大規(guī)模的：AmassiveearthquakehitcentralItalyinAugust2016,killingatleast247people.本單元金句匯總1.Hedidn’tquit,andhebecameagreatpianist.2.Ican’ttakeallthecreditfortheshow’ssuccess—itwasateameffort.3.Only10%ofAmericanadultsengageinregularexercise.4.It’samoviethatengagesboththemindandtheeye.5.Iwastotallyengagedinmystudyandseldompaidattentiontomymother’sfeelings.6.I’vegotamassofthingstodothismorning.隨堂檢測quit一、寫出句子中畫線部分精準(zhǔn)的漢語釋義。ItriedtoquitsmokingseveraltimesbeforeIrealisedIwasaddicted._____________二、選出能替換畫線部分的單詞。LaurenBathquitherjobasachef.(changed/left)_____________三、根據(jù)所給詞塊，將下列句子譯成英語。我成功地戒掉了看電視。(quitdoingsth)____________________________________________________________profession一、在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.She’sanurse___________professionandnowrunsacounseling(咨詢)serviceforwomen.2.Shethoughtaboutengaginga___________(profession)pianisttoworkwithherfather.3.Iwouldliketoknowsomeoftheideasofallyou___________(profession)outthereintheworld.4.Hehasdoubtabouttheprofessor’s_____________(professional).二、從方框中選出適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~并用其正確形式填空。work,career,profession,trade1.Teachingwasa______________Ihadneverseriouslyconsidered,thoughseveralofmystorieshadbeenpublished.2.Mostofthemenhadworkedinskilled____________suchasprinting.3.Hisfatherhadbeenacarpenterby____________.4.Shegraduatedfromcollegesixmonthsagoandshe’sstilllookingfor____________.5.Likehisfather,Tomchosea____________intheArmy.6.Therewasabigdemandforaccountantsinthe1980s,andmanygraduatesenteredthe____________atthistime.chain根據(jù)句意寫出畫線部分的漢語意思。1.Sheworeaheavygoldchainaroundherneck. ___________2.BeforehestartedWagamama,hehadtriedtosetupaChinesefastfoodchaininBritain._________3.Bittentwice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.___________4.Thebookexaminesthechainofeventsthatledtotherevolution(革命).___________5.Idon’twantajobwhereI’mchainedtoadeskallday. ___________6.Volunteersformedahumanchaintosavethingsfromtheburninghouse.___________ 7.Ireceivedakeychainwithmyinitials(名字縮寫). ___________credit寫出下列句子中credit的漢語釋義。1.Givingpubliccredittosomeonewhohasearneditisthebestleadershiptechniqueintheworld.__________2.WordthatIwastrustworthyandhardworkinggotaroundtown.AlocalclothingstoreofferedmecreditalthoughIwasonlyinseventhgrade. __________3.Thelibraryhaslockersforstudentstostorethings.Whenyouhavegotatleast40credits,youmayrentalocker. __________4.Itwashardtocreditsomeofthestoriesweheardabouther.__________5.Heisagreatyoungmanwhoisacredittohisfamilyandtohisschool. 6.What’sthecreditlimitonyourcreditcard? __________flight翻譯下列詞塊。1.(給某人)預(yù)訂航班____________________2.趕航班____________________3.誤機(jī)____________________4.取消航班____________________5.登機(jī)____________________6.航班起飛____________________7.航班到達(dá)/降落________________8.從北京飛往紐約的航班____________________9.航班號____________________10.返航____________________11.直達(dá)航班____________________12.國內(nèi)/國際航班____________________13.長途/短途飛行____________________engage一、寫出下列句子中engage的漢語釋義。1.Theyneverlearnedskillstoengagetheattentionofthe