2023年高考英語二輪復習高頻考點 閱讀理解：細節(jié)理解

閱讀理解解密03細節(jié)理解（分層訓練）

分層練A

1.A12021?英語全國甲卷】

ATakeaview,theLandscape（風景）PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneof

today'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwards

aretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.Takeaviewisadesirable

annualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.

MikeItwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.I

Shepherd（2011）climbedtothetopofasmallriseandrealisedthatthemistwaslittlemorethanafew

Skiddawinfeetdeep,andthoughitwasonlyashortclimb,Ifoundmyselfcompletelyaboveit

WinterandlookingatawonderfullyclearviewofSkiddawwiththesumsettinginthewest.I

Cumbria,usedclassicaltechniques,translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkroominto

EnglandPhotoshop,toachievetheblack-and-whiteimage（圖像）.

Timothy

IwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.

Smith（2014）

WalkingupapaththroughtheforesttowardsShutlingsloe.alocalhighpoint,Icame

Macclesfield

acrossasmallclearingandimmediatelynoticedthedeadyellowgrassessetagainst

Forest

thefreshsnow.ThesmallpineaddedtotheinterestandIplaceditcentrallytotake

Cheshire,

theviewfromtheforegroundrightthroughintotheforest.

England

1.WhowouldmostprobablyenterforTakeaview?

A.Writers.B.Photographers.C.Painters.D.Tourists.

2.WhatdotheworksbyShepherdandSmithhaveincommon?

A.Theyarewinterimages.

B.Theyareinblackandwhite.

C.Theyshowmountainousscenes.

D.Theyfocusonsnow-coveredforests.

【答案】1.B2.A

【解析】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了攝影比賽Takeaview以及獲獎的相關情況。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據第——段“Takeaview,theLandscape（風景）PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaof

CharlieWaite,oneoftoday*smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.^^（Takeaview,年度風景攝影!/幣獎是

CharlieWaite的主意，他是當今最受尊敬的風景攝影師之一）可知攝影師最有可能參加Takeaview。故選

Bo

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據MikeShepherd部分“Itwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghunginthe

air."（那是一個極其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空氣中彌漫著冰冷的霧）和TimothySmith部分“Iwasbackinmy

hometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages."（我回至U我的家鄉(xiāng)Macclesfield拍攝一些冬季的照片）

可知Shepherd和Smith的作品的共同之處是它們都是冬天的景象。故選A。

2.A【2021?全國高考乙卷】

TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorld

PeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround80A.D.,theRomans

builttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.

Rome'sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwassmallfry

comparedwiththecity'sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.

Thesedays,safetyregulations-nottomentionthemodemsportsfan9sdesireforagoodviewandcomfortable

seat-tendtokeepstadiumcapacities（容量）slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;goneare

thedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.

Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranks

thembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.

Allthesestadiumsarestillfuntional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.

?Rungrado1stofMayStadium,PyongyangD.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150,000.Opened:May1,1989.

?MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened:October1,1927.

?BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,1960.

?OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.

?KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.

1.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?

A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About150,000.D.About250,000.

2.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?

A.MichiganStadium.B.BeaverStadium.C.OhioStadium.D.KyleField.

3.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon?

A.Theyhostbiggames.B.Theyhavebecometouristattractions.

C.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans.D.Theyarefavoredbyarchitects.

【答案】1.D2.C3.A

【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界上著名的大型競技場的基本情況。目前這些競技場仍在運

行并且還在承辦大型體育賽事。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段最后一句"However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity'sCircusMaximus,

whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.”（然而，與這座城市容納了25萬人的大競技場相比，這只是小

巫見大巫。）可知，CircusMaximus的可以容納250,000人。故選D項。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章最后部分中的"OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened

October7,1922.”（美國俄亥俄州哥倫布市俄亥俄體育場，容納人數：104,944人。。22年10月7日開業(yè)。）

及其他四個著名競技場的開放時間介紹可知，OhioStadium開放時間最早在1922年，屬于年代最久遠的。

故選C項。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據文中“Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsin

worldsport”（所有這些體育場館仍在使用，仍在開放，仍在舉辦世界上最大的體育賽事。）可知，這些體育

館都還在承辦大型的體育賽事。故選A項。

3.12020?全國新課標ni】A

JourneyBackinTimewithScholars

ClassicalProvence（13days）

JourneythroughthebeautifulcountrysideofProvence,France,withProf.OriZ.Soltes.Wewillvisitsomeof

thebest-preservedRomanmonumentsintheworld.Ourtouralsoincludesachancetowalkinthefootstepsof

VanGoghandGauguin.Fieldsofflowers,tile-roofed（瓦屋頂）villagesandtastymealsenrichthiswonderful

experience.

SouthernSpain（15days）

Spainhaslovelywhitetownsandthescent（芳香）oforanges,butitisalsoatreasuryofancientremains

includingthecitiesleftbytheGreeks,RomansandArabs.AswetravelsouthfromMadridwithProf.Ronald

MessiertohistoricToledo,RomanMeridaandintoAndalucia,weexplorehistoricalmonumentsandarchitecture.

China'sSacredLandscapes（21days）

DiscovertheChinaof'pastages,itswalledcities,templesandmountainscenerywithProf.RobertThorp.

Highlights（精彩之處）includeChina^mostsacredpeaksatMountTaiandHangzbou9srollinghills,waterways

andpeacefultemples.Wewillwanderintraditionalsmalltownsandendourtourwithanexceptionalmuseumin

Shanghai.

Tunisia（17days）

JoinProf.PedarFossonourin-depthTunisiantour.TourhighlightsincludetheRomancityofDougga,the

undergroundNumidiancapitalatBullaRegia,RomanSbeitlaandtheremoteareasaroundTataouineand

Matmata,uiqueforundergroundcities.OurjourneytakesustopicturesqueBerbervillagesandlovelybeaches.

1.WhatcanvisitorsseeinbothClassicalProvenceandSouthernSpain?

A.Historicalmonuments.B.Fieldsofflowers.

C.VanGogh'spaintings.D.Greekbuildings.

2.WhichcountryisProf.Thorpmostknowledgeableabout?

A.France.B.Spain.C.China.D.Tunisia.

3.WhichofthefollowinghighlighttheTunisiantour?

A.Whitetowns.B.Undergroundcities.C.Tile-roofedvillages.D.Rollinghills.

【答案】1.A2.C3.B

【文章大意】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個國家中，那些可以讓人們回顧過去的著名

景點。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據第一部分的Wewillvisitsomeofthebest-preservedRomanmonumentsin

theworld.（我們將參觀一些世界上保存最完好的羅馬建筑遺跡）和第二部分的weexplorehistoric

almonumentsandarchitecture^我們探索歷史遺跡和建筑）可知，在ClassicalProvence和Souther

nSpain游客們可以參觀歷史遺跡。A.Historicalmonuments（歷史遺跡）符合以上說法，故選A

項。

2.推理判斷題。根據第三部分的China'sSacredLandscapes（21days）（中華神山21天）和Discovert

heChinaof"pastages",itswalledcities,templesandmountainscenerywithProfRobertThor

p.HighlightsincludeChina'smostsacredpeaksatMountTaiandHangzhou'srollinghills,wat

erwaysandpeacefultemples（和Robert教授一起發(fā)現中國的過去，有墻的城市、寺廟和山景。精

彩之處包括中國最神圣的泰山之巔，杭州起伏的群山、運河和寧靜的寺廟）可知，去中國的神山之

行總共有27天，而且Thorp對中國的名山非常了解。由此推測Thorp在這四個國家里最了解中國。

C.China（中國）符合以上說法，故選C項。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據第四部分的TourhighlightsincludetheRomancityofDougga,theunderground

MumidiancapitalatBullaRegia,RomanSbeitlaandtheremoteareasaroundTaraounineandMatmata,

uniqueforundergroundcities.（突尼斯的旅游亮點包括羅馬城市Dougga,地下城市Mumidian,它是

BullaRegia的首府，RomanSbeitla以及在Taraounine和Matmata附近的區(qū)域，它們是獨特的地下

城市）可知，突尼斯的旅游亮點是地下城市。A.Undergroundcities（地下城市）符合以上說法，故選

A項。

4.【2020?全國新課標I】A

TrainInformation

AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.For

ticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.

WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeof

connectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.

Lostproperty（失物招領）

CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.

ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated（位于）atRomaStreet

station.

Publicholidays

Onpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays,i.e.

AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.

ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable,Beforetravelpleasevisittranslink.com.auor

callTransLinkon131230anytime.

Customersusingmobilitydevices

Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.

Forassistance,pleaseQueenslandRailon131617.

Guardiantrains（outbound）

DepartOriginDestinationArrive

6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm

7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm

8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm

11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am

1.Whatwouldyoudogettickerinformation?

A.Call131617.B.Visittranslink.com.au.

C.Askatthelocalstation.D.Checkthetrainschedule.

2.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?

A.Altandi.B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes.D.FortitudeValley.

3.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?

A.6:42pm.B.7:29pm.C.8:57pm.D.11:02pm.

【答案】1.C2.B3.B

【解析】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了一些火車信息，包括失物招領、公共假期安排以及列車出發(fā)時

間等信息。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中Forticketinformation,pleaseaskyourlocalstationorcall131230.可知查詢車

票信息，請向您當地的車站詢問或撥打131230。由此可知，你可以詢問當地車站或撥打131230來獲得車

票信息。故選C。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據Lostproperty部分中ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pm

andislocatedatRomaStreetstation.可知失物招領處周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00營業(yè)，位于羅馬街車站。

由此可知，在RomaStreet你可以找到失物招領辦公室。故選B。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據Guardiantrans部分中信息，可知從起始地Central出發(fā)，開往目的地VarsityLakes

的火車是下午7:29開車。由此可知，如果你要從Central去往VarsityLakes,你應當乘坐下午7:29的火車。

故選Bo

5.【2020?全國新課標n】A

TheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuide

DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens

History,Culture&Landscape(景觀).Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedand

award-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679,hometotheInternational

MarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques,plantsales,museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.

Open:29Mar-29Oct,SuntoThurs.

Tearoom,Gardens&GiftShop:10.30-17.00(16.00inOct).

House:ll.15-16.00(15.00inOct)

Town:PooleyBridge&Penrith

AbbotHallartGallery&Museum

ThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall'stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareina

citygallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibition

programmehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.

Open:MontoSatandSummerSundays.10.30-17.00Sumner.10.30-16.00Winter.

Town:Kendal

TullieHouseMuseum&ArtGallery

Discover,exploreandenjoyaward-winningTullieHouse,wherehistoriccollections,contemporaryartand

familyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriesto

visitfromfinearttointeractivefirn,sothere9ssomethingforeveryone!

Open:HighSeason1Apr-31Oct:MontoSat10.00-17.00,Sun11.00-17.00.

LowSeason1Nov-31Mar:MontoSat10.00-16.30,Sun12.00-16.30.

Town:Carlisle

DoveCottage&ThewordsworthMuseum

DiscoverWilliamWordsworth'sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhis

hillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafe.

Exhibitions,eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.

Open:Daily,09.30-17.30（lastadmission17.00）.

Town:Grasmere

1.WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly?

A.09.30-17.30.B.10.30-16.00.C.11.15-16.00.D.12.00-16.30

2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museum?

A.EnjoyRonney9sworks.

B.Havesomeinteractivefun.

C.Attendafamousfestival.

D.Learnthehistoryofafamily

3.WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth'slife?

A.Penrith.B.Kendal.C.Carlisle.D.Grasmere.

【答案】1.C2.A3.D

【解析】本文是應用文。是湖區(qū)景點指南，介紹了幾個主要的景點的特色，地點和參觀時間。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據題干中的DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens可知定位在第一部分，根據段中的

House:11:15-16:00可知,在7月周日的參觀時間是11:15-16:00。C.11:15-16:00.符合以上說法，故選C項。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據題干中的AbbotHallArtGallery&Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，根據其中的The

impressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehas

CanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.（令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特納和羅姆尼，臨時展覽計劃有卡納萊

托和來自圣艾夫斯的藝術家）可知，在這個博物館可以欣賞到Romneys的作品。A.EnjoyRomney*works.（欣

賞Romneys的作品）符合以上說法，故選A項。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據題干中的exploreWordsworthslife可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一行

Town:Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth's的生活，可以去GrasmereoD.Grasmere.符合以上說法，

故選D項。

6.B【2021?英語全國甲卷】

PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding（繁育）programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblack

rhinocalf（犀牛幼崽）.WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobeborn

atthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosare

knownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity（圈養(yǎng)）.

PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:"'Obviouslywe*reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcome

anothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,

Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.Itsstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,

butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringand

playingeveryday.^^

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobomthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthe

calveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPort

LympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherand

greatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.

AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,giving

therhinosa"'criticallyendangered"status.

1.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino?

A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.

C.SheisingoodconditionD.Sheissensitivetoheat.

2.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?

A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces

C.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers.D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung

【答案】1.C2.A

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在PortLympne保護區(qū)的部分黑犀?，F狀。

1.細節(jié)理角軍題。通過文章第二段“Shdshealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.（她很健康，很強

壯，已經渴望玩耍和探索了）”可知，PaulBeer認為新生的犀牛身體狀況很好。故選C項。

2.細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一段"WhenthetinvcreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhino

tobebornatthereserve.（1月31日，當這頭小犀牛來到保護區(qū)時,她成為了第40頭在保護區(qū)出生的黑犀牛）”

以及文章倒數第二段“ThefirstrhinotobebomatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisima

andweighedabout32kg.（1月5日，犀牛媽媽Kisima分娩的第一頭小犀牛，同時也是第一個出生在Port

Lympne,體重約為32公斤）“可知，Solio和Kisima的第一個孩子都是在一月份出生的。故選A項。

7.C【2020?全國I】

Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingto

fewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.

Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe

50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethata

racewalker?skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact（接觸）withthe

groundatalltimes.Ifsthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclyn

Norberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.

Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkers

movingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories（卡路里）perhour,whichisapproximately

twiceasmanyastheywouldbumwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablybumabout1,000

ormorecaloriesperhour.

However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingto

herresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,

whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.

Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommon

amongracewalkers.Butthesport9sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeople

withahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryrace

walkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakes

somepractice.306

1.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?

A.Theymustrunlongdistances.

B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.

C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.

D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.

2.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?

A.IfsmorepopularattheOlympics.

B.It'slesschallengingphysically.

C.It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.

D.It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.

3.WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?

A.Gettingexperts5opinions.

B.Havingamedicalcheckup.

C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.

D.Doingregularexercises.

【答案】1.C2.D3.A

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了競走相比跑步有諸多的優(yōu)勢，但是之前受過傷的人，要想從事這

樣運動要謹慎，最好咨詢專家的建議。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Butthesporfsrulesrequirethataracewalker9skneesstaystraightthroughmostof

thelegswingandonefootremainincontactwiththegroundatalltimes.”可知，但這項運動的規(guī)則要求競走者

的膝蓋在擺動腿的大部分時間保持伸直，一只腳始終與地面接觸。由此可知，競走運動員是需要具備某些

條件的運動員是因為運動員需要遵守特殊的規(guī)則。故選C項。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段"Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchas

runner^knee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.”可知，一些與跑步有關的損傷，比如跑步者的膝蓋，在競

走者中并不常見。由此可知，競走與跑步相比的優(yōu)勢是不太可能導致膝蓋受傷。故選D項。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段Dr.Norberg說的話“Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobably

firstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique（事實上，任何想嘗試競走的人都應該首先咨

詢教練或有經驗的競走運動員，學習適當的技巧。）''可知，Dr.Norberg建議想嘗試競走的人征詢專家的建

議。故選A項。

8.B【2020?全國新課標n】

Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzleshelp

childrenwithmath-relatedskills.

PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrentheUniversityof

Chicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelopbetterspatialskills.Puzzle

playwasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognition（認矢口）aftercontrollingfordifferencesinparents9income,

educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.

Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeand

foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat

54monthsofage.

“Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthatassessedtheir

abilitytorotate（旋轉）andtranslateshapes,Levinesaidinastatement.

Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabouthalfofchildrenin

thestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmore

frequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.However,boystendedto

playwithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremore

activeduringpuzzleplaythanparentsofgirls.

ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.242

1.Inwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfrompuzzleplay?

A.Buildingconfidence.B.Developingspatialskills.

C.Learningself-control.D.Gaininghigh-techknowledge.

2.WhatdidLevinetakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningherexperiment?

A.Parents5age.B.Children^imagination.

C.Parents?education.D.Child-parentrelationship.

3.Howdoboydifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?

A.Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.

B.Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.

C.Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.

D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.

【答案】1.B2.C3.D

【解析】本文是說明文。是關于孩子們玩智力游戲的研究，介紹了研究考慮的因素，研究過程和結果。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中...fbundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4developbetter

spatialskill（在2歲到4歲之間玩智力游戲的兒童在空間能力方面更好）可知，孩子們可以從智力游戲中發(fā)展

更好的空間技能。B.Developingspatialskills（發(fā)展空間能力）符合以上說法，故選B項。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognitionaftercontrolling

fordifferenceinparents'income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.（Levine說，在控制了不同

父母的收入、教育和父母談話次數后，拼圖游戲被發(fā)現是一個重要的認知預測）可知Levine在設計這個試

驗時考慮了父母的收入、教育程度和父母談話的次數。C.Parents，education.（父母的教育）符合以上說法，故

選C項。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段中However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,可矢口男

孩比女孩更喜歡玩復雜的謎題，即他們可能會玩難度更大的謎題。D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougher

puzzles.（他們有可能玩更復雜的謎題）符合以上說法，故選D項。

9.C【2020?全國新課標ni】

Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation（孤獨），morefamiliesare

choosingtolivetogether.

Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law,shelivesonthe

groundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.

Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree-storeyVictorianhouseinBristol-oneofagrowingnumberof

multigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashing

machine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.

“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingatahouse,9,saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:"Wespoke

morewithNickbecauseIthinkit'sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.^^

AndwhatdoesNickthink?”Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,

IthinkIwould.”

Ifshardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeen

risingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogether

hadrisenfrom325,000in2002to419,000in2013.

Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeirelderlyparents;

manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itissaidthatabout20%of

25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.Thetotalnumberofallmultigenerational

householdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8million.

Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworldwheremultigenerationallivingismorefirmlyrooted.

InIndia,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband'sfamilywhenthey

getmarried.

1.WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?

A.Nick.B.

Rita.C.

KathrynD.Thedaughters.

2.Whatistheauthor'sstatementaboutmultigenerationalfamilybasedon?

A.Familytraditions.B.Financialreports.C.Publishedstatistics.D.Publicopinions.

【答案】1.B2.C

【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報道。短文報道了在英國，由于年輕人負擔不起離家的費用，而老年人又面

臨著被孤立的風險，越來越多的家庭選擇住在一起，出現了多世同堂的現象。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根